RU2705182C1 - Method of laser projection - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: laser projection.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods of laser projection and can be used for creation of light static and dynamic laser projections on different surfaces. Method involves projecting light emitted by a laser mounted on a tripod with the possibility of changing height and angle of inclination, on a rotating refraction object and, further, on a projection plane. Refraction object is mounted on a turn table configured to vary the height and angle of inclination of rotation of the refraction object. Adjustment of parameters of tripod, turn table and distance between tripod, turn table and screen achieve required parameters of laser projection.

EFFECT: creation of a laser projection with given properties in form, detail, brightness, statics or dynamics.

6 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods of laser projection and can be used to create light static and dynamic laser projections on various surfaces, for example, to create a laser show - an original spectacle in which the main means of influencing the viewer are different images created using multi-colored rays, figures etc.

Known METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CREATING COLOR PICTURES USING A DIFFRACTION GRILLE (patent of the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2593618, Published: 08/10/2016 Bull. No. 22). A method of obtaining a color image using a diffraction grating when exposed to light includes creating a diffraction grating array on the surface of a solid body during the microstructuring process by means of a laser. Laser radiation is laser radiation in the nanosecond or picosecond range. Each array of the diffraction grating consists of subregions whose longitudinal dimensions have a value less than the resolution of the human eye. Each subdomain contains at least one pixel. The specified one pixel provides a separate spectral color. Moreover, the method further comprises the step of analyzing said solid surface to obtain a lattice shape on this surface, and before creating a diffractive lattice surface, the surface of the solid is adjusted taking into account the obtained requirements for the shape of the body. The image is not complex, unique and unique.

Known METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HOLOGRAMS (patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2130632, Published: 05/20/1999) using the technique of exposing a film substrate or other photosensitive means to obtain successive two-dimensional images, which together are representative of a three-dimensional system designed to create three-dimensional holograms of the physical system. Small beam ratios were used to superimpose a plurality of (20-300) images on a substrate. Each image is relatively faint, but the combination of a series of faint images ultimately results in a single, clear, defined hologram. The projection does not have the ability to infinitely modify, scale, etc.

Known METHOD FOR PRODUCING STATIC AND DYNAMIC LASER MULTI-COLOR IMAGES AND A LASER PROJECTOR FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION (patent for invention of the Russian Federation RU (11) 2116703 (13) C1; Published: 07/27/1998 IPC H04N 9/31 (1995.01 large-scale) in which the brightness, color and number of elements are completely identical to the original computer image. Laser images are built by independent, element-wise and discrete positioning of laser beams of three primary colors (red, green, blue) in the observation plane using acousto-optical deflectors included in the laser projector circuit, based on control electrical signals supplied by the software device. The process of laser image formation is controlled by a software device in accordance with the program for converting information contained in the original graphic computer image. The technical result is the conversion and remote reproduction using a laser projector of statistical and dynamic multicolor computer images into multicolor large-scale (> 10 × 10 m) laser images, the ratio of brightness, gradation of color shades and the number of elements of which corresponds to the original computer image. The main disadvantages include the cost and the need to use expensive equipment.

The well-known principle of the operation of laser graphics (source: http://www.laservr.ru/index.php/lazernoe-shou/stati-lazernoe-shou/kak-ispolzovat-lazernoe-shou. Published 2017). In order to project a laser image, two computer-controlled mirrors direct the beam onto the screen. First, the beam is reflected from one mirror moving horizontally, and then it hits a mirror moving vertically. The computer accurately connects the points, moving the mirrors from one position to the next so quickly that the observer sees a whole contour drawing. This process is called “Scanning,” and computer-controlled mirrors are called galvanometers or scanners. Scanners move from point to point at speeds of up to 60,000 points per second. Due to physical limitations, they cannot move much faster. Scanning speed determines how complex the image can be projected. (A second set of scanners can be used to detail the image). The interruption of the beam (elimination of unnecessary moves of the trajectory of the laser beam) is carried out by directly modulating the laser. Contour laser graphics do not allow to achieve the complex, the so-called effect of the northern lights.

The closest technical solution chosen as a prototype is the method of using laser projection systems to create static or dynamic, as a rule, music-synchronized, ray compositions in the space of the audience (the so-called "beamshow") or graphic images on the screen (" screen show ”). Any light-scattering medium, for example, a building’s wall, terrain, reflective or translucent screen, can be used as an image localization object (excerpt from the article“ A Brief History of Changes in Lasers in Art, Advertising and the Show Industry. Laser Inform Issue No. 5-6 (404-405), March 2009. A. Timofeev (Ph.D., General Director of Orion-Art Multimedia, Moscow )

Radiation compositions in space are as much reduced in their capabilities as previous counterparts. Only smoke / air passing through the laser planes in space creates a unique pattern, the nature of which is always the same.

EFFECT: creation of a laser projection with desired properties in form, detail, brightness, statics, or dynamics due to a new laser projection method, using a laser device mounted on a tripod, an electric rotating table (turnstile), a refractive object mounted on it and a projection plane projection.

The technical result is achieved as follows.

A laser projection method, comprising using at least one laser device, at least one projection plane, according to the invention,

between the laser device and the projection plane have a refraction object mounted on a rotating electric turnip, configured to change the height and angle of rotation of the rotation of the refractive object,

a laser device mounted on a tripod made with the possibility of adjustment in height and angle of the laser beam relative to the object of refraction,

include a laser device

a laser beam passes through the object of refraction,

after passing through the object of refraction, the laser beam is refracted and projected onto a plane opposite the laser,

when the turnstile is turned off as a result of the passage of the laser beam through the object of refraction on the plane, a static projection is created,

when the rotating turnstile as a result of the passage of the laser beam through the object of refraction on the plane creates a dynamic projection,

By adjusting the height, angle of inclination of the tripod and turnstile, the distance between the tripod and the object of refraction, the distance between the object of refraction and the plane, as well as the speed of rotation of the turnstile, a laser projection is achieved with the desired properties in shape, detail, brightness, static or dynamics.

A transparent object with faces or carvings can be used as an object of refraction.

To achieve maximum projection brightness, a hollow or thin-walled object is used as an object of refraction.

The object of refraction is fixed on the turnstile.

As a plane, light and smooth material can be used. To adjust the height of the projection, the tripod and turnstile can be additionally mounted on the base (table, podium, etc.).

Laser projections are visible both in complete darkness and in illuminated space.

In the absence of illumination, the projections are as bright as possible, the brightness is lost in the illuminated space, but a mystical effect is achieved, since the laser is still visible. The weakest brightness of the projection is observed during the day, (the sun is at its zenith). At this time, it is better not to use the laser, it is better to wait for twilight or cloudy weather, or dawn. In other words, an average degree of lighting is recommended for day projections. Laser projections can also be created outdoors.

Installation (art) is a form of contemporary art, a spatial composition created from various elements and representing an artistic whole (source: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Installation: edited May 30, 2014).

The technical solution is illustrated by a drawing and photographs, where

in FIG. 1 is a diagram of a laser projection (general view);

in FIG. 2 - photo of the laser installation;

in FIG. 3 - photo of a tripod on which the laser is mounted;

in FIG. 4 - photo of an electric turnstile;

in FIG. 5 - photo of refraction objects;

in FIG. 6 - photo of a laser projection in complete darkness;

in FIG. 7 - photographs of the obtained projections (the object of refraction is a glass on the leg);

in FIG. 8 - photographs of the obtained projections (object of refraction - candlestick).

The following notation is made in the figures: laser device - 1, tripod -2, refraction object - 3, electric rotating turnip - 4, projection plane - 5.

The laser projection method is implemented as follows.

An industrial laser with a power of 2 W to 3.5 W with a wavelength of 445 nm to 650 nm (Fig. 2) is mounted on a tripod with flexible legs (Fig. 3).

Opposite the laser, an electric turnip is installed with a refractive object fixed on it at a certain angle at a distance of 5 mm to 15 cm, depending on the shape of the object.

A smooth light plane is set perpendicular to the axis passing along the laser and the turnstile. The laser power, the height and angle of the laser beam, and the function of the electric turnstile are set in such a way as to ensure the creation of an installation with the desired properties: shape, detail, brightness, static or speaker.

The dynamics of the installation is achieved due to the functions of the electric turnstile (example in Fig. 5): adjustment of the amplitude of rotation from 0 rpm, the ability to change the speed of rotation in the process of creating the installation, reversibility.

The laser beam of an industrial laser mounted on a tripod passes through the refraction object in the form of a transparent object with faces or carvings (object) mounted on an electric turnstile. After passing through the object, the laser beam is refracted and projected on a plane installed opposite the laser. As a result of the passage of the laser beam through the object, a static installation is created. When a laser beam passes through an object mounted on a rotating electric turnstile, a dynamic installation is created.

The object of refraction is a transparent, mainly crystal, and hollow or thin-walled from 1 mm to 10 mm thick, an object made faceted or with a lenticular thread. Moreover, the thickness of the object of refraction, the characteristics of faces or threads, as well as the quality of the plane onto which the laser is refracted from the object, affects the properties of the created installation.

Optimum laser power (with factory or manual focusing): red: 650 nm 2 W; blue: 445 nm 3.5 watts.

It is this power that allows you to create a bright projection of medium size not in complete darkness.

The ability to adjust the angle of laser radiation (using a tripod), for example, a tripod with flexible legs in order to adjust the angle and position of the laser relative to the object of refraction;

To create installations, the following tripod manipulation methods are used: a sharp or slow change in the projection angle — manual bending of the tripod legs or raised tripod legs.

The approximate angle of inclination of the laser module on a tripod relative to the horizontal ranges from 2-45 degrees (this is due to the fact that the table used additionally, usually of standard height and projection, must be created above a meter taking into account refraction already in fact; there was no need to shine into the ceiling -Work / watch is not convenient).

Minimum distance from the beginning of the laser beam to the object of refraction: - from 5 mm to 15 cm, depending on the shape of the object.

It was experimentally established that for the brightness of the image it is best that the laser begins to refract through the object as early as possible and does not lose its power in vain (the only thing is that the object would not touch the laser installation during rotation).

Minimum distance from the object of refraction to the projection plane: optimal for the power described above is a distance of 2-3 meters and up to 10 meters in twilight or darkness (2-3 meters in the afternoon). This is the distance at which the projection unfolds and looks most spectacular.

It has been experimentally established that the short distance between the installation and the projection plane looks less impressive than with a distance of 2 m or more.

The projection plane is a light and smooth material: the laser projection contains very high sharpness, brightness and detail, so the best plane for it is a smooth light surface (light gray or white).

The experiments confirmed that black makes the projection dimmer due to the color properties, moreover, the black fabric burns very easily, the exception may be a solid dark material, as it simply will not deteriorate, but the projection will still be paler than against a light background .

Extended ability to switch the rotation speed of the turnstile: the amplitude is from 0 rpm.

The following variants of the laser projection method are used to create installations: by manipulating the turnstile: projection without rotation, trembling (with my fingers I create a slight vibration of the disk on which the object stands - tapping), scrolling the object with my hand left-right, turning on / off, switching speed (smooth or sharp ), scrolling at one speed (the turnstile can be moved around the table if necessary, its own weight of 3.3 kg allows you to more accurately adjust the relative position of the parts of the installation).

Location of the object of refraction on the turnstile: a variety of dynamic projections occurs even with a very subtle displacement of the center of the object relative to the center of rotation of the turnstile.

Crystal is a priority material for refraction: today the most affordable material for experiments with bright projection is crystal - glass, which has increased density, transparency, refractibility and gloss (high values of refractive index and dispersion).

In rare cases, ordinary glass is used, even less often - borosilicate, art and glass with a bloom. The only reason may be the unique shape.

Features of the shape of the object of refraction - thin-walled crystal: in order for the projection to be as bright and beautiful as possible, it is necessary that the object is hollow or thin-walled from 1 mm to 10 mm (exceptions are rare if a unique shape comes into hand in terms of silhouette or structure - engraving, cutting).

This is also necessary so that the focused rays do not fall into the eyes of the viewer. For safety, a screen is used, which is installed in front of the laser module to block the rays reflected in the direction of the audience.

It is important to understand that the type of laser projection is created not only by the nature of the pattern and shape of the object, but the scale is very important.

EXAMPLE OF REFRECTION OBJECTS:

Let us consider objects from the point of view of geometry, what the object is and what will happen if the laser passes through the indicated parts of the object (from top to bottom).

I. A glass on a leg (manufacturer of the USSR).

Dimensions: width - 4.5 cm, height - 13 cm.

An example of the obtained projection is presented in the photographs (Fig. 7).

1. Geometric ray pattern on the body of the gum, reminiscent of an inverted truncated cone-bowl: rhombuses, triangles, lines, polyhedra (grooves of a triangular section, the cavity of the bowl is smooth);

2. The leg of the glass is hexagonal in section;

4. Pairing the legs in a truncated cone-bowl;

5. Pairing the legs and the disk-shaped base of the legs.

II. Candlestick (manufacturer of the USSR).

Dimensions: width - 8 cm, height -15.5 cm.

An example of the obtained projection is presented in the photographs (Fig. 8).

1. A cylindrical bowl, conjugated with a hemisphere (smooth from the outside, ribbed inside, the ribs in the section lenticular);

2. Hollow sphere (smooth from the outside, ribbed inside, lenticular ribs in the section);

3. A truncated cone-leg (smooth on the outside, ribbed on the inside, lenticular in the section);

4. Pairing the bowl and the sphere.

Additional projection technique details:

To fix the object of refraction at a certain angle to the turnstile, Velcro (faber-castell TACK-IT) can be used.

In order to achieve new visual combinations, several refraction objects on a turnstile can simultaneously be used, which simultaneously refract the laser and several programmable laser projectors.

Before starting work, it is recommended to wipe the object of refraction - the cleaner it is, the brighter the projection.

Claims (15)

1. The method of laser projection, including the use of at least one laser device, at least one projection plane, characterized in that between the laser device and the projection plane, a refraction object mounted on a rotating electric turnstile is arranged to change the height and angle of inclination of the rotation of the refraction object, the laser device is mounted on a tripod made with the possibility of adjustment in height and angle of the laser beam relative to the object of refraction, include a laser device a laser beam passes through the object of refraction, after passing through the object of refraction, the laser beam is refracted and projected onto a plane opposite the laser, when the turnstile is turned off as a result of the passage of the laser beam through the object of refraction on the plane, a static projection is created, when the rotating turnstile as a result of the passage of the laser beam through the object of refraction on the plane creates a dynamic projection, By adjusting the height, angle of inclination of the tripod and turnstile, the distance between the tripod and the object of refraction, the distance between the object of refraction and the plane, as well as the speed of rotation of the turnstile, a laser projection is achieved with the specified properties in shape, detail, brightness, static or dynamics. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that as the object of refraction, a transparent object with faces or carvings is used. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that to achieve maximum brightness of the projection, a hollow or thin-walled object is used as an object of refraction. 4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the object of refraction is fixed on the turnstile. 5. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the plane uses a bright and smooth material. 6. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that to adjust the height of the projection, the tripod and turnstile are additionally mounted on the base.

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