RU2699920C1 - Thermoelectric battery - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to thermal electricity. Summary: thermoelectric battery is characterized by parallel connection of semiconductor elements and additional battery of series-connected thermoelements and comprises a solid metal base, on which there are semiconductor rods with formation of junctions and an additional battery of series-connected thermoelements. First ends of semiconductor rods are connected to contacts of first electronic relay. Second ends of the semiconductor rods are connected through semiconductor switches to one ends of the inductance coils located on the transformer core. Other ends of inductance coils are connected to each other and to contacts of the first electronic relay. First end of the additional thermoelements battery with series-connected thermoelements connected in series through the semiconductor switch is connected to the first end of the separate inductance coil located on the transformer core. Second end of the additional battery with series-connected thermoelements is connected to contacts of the second electronic relay. Electronic relays are controlled by control units for supply of which an additional battery with series-connected thermoelements is used.

EFFECT: thermoelectric battery is proposed.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to energy and can be used in the construction of thermoelectric batteries.

The described device for connecting semiconductor thermoelements to a battery using parallel-connected thermocouples (US 3775218 A, H01L 36/16, 11/27/1973 abstract) is a device in which, on a common base of the battery (item 1), the thermocouples are interconnected using separate connecting metal substrates (bridges), which are separated from each other by a polyamide layer (RU 2075138 C1, H01L 35/30, 03/10/199 description) (item 2)., as well as (G. G. Gensberg “Elementary textbook of physics”, p. 190,) (Fig. 1).

The technical problem solved by the present invention is the expansion of the arsenal of technical means.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

DESCRIPTION OF THE STRUCTURE IN STATIC CONDITION.

Semiconductor rods (thermocouples, pos. 3) are placed on a solid metal base of any geometric shape (pos. 6) using existing technologies. At the same time, an additional battery consisting of series-connected thermocouples (pos. 11) is separately placed on the free area of a solid metal base. At the junctions of the semiconductor rods with the metal, junctions are formed (pos. 9). Thermoelements in a battery with series-connected elements are interconnected using metal bridges that are isolated from a common metal base (item 12). The first ends of the semiconductor rods (thermocouples, pos. 3) are interconnected on a solid metal base and simultaneously with the contacts of the electronic relay No. 1 (pos. 15), the second ends of the semiconductor rods (thermocouples) through semiconductor switches (pos. 7) are connected to the coils inductance (pos. 17) located on the core of the transformer (pos. 19). All the first ends of the inductance coils are interconnected and simultaneously with the contacts of the electronic relay No. 1 (pos. 15). The second ends of the inductors are connected via semiconductor switches (pos. 7) to semiconductor rods (thermocouples, pos. 3). The first end of the additional thermoelement battery with thermocouples connected in series (pos. 11) is connected via a semiconductor key (pos. 7) to the first end of a separate inductance coil (pos. 14) located on the metal core of the transformer (pos. 19), the second end of the additional battery connected in series with thermocouples connected to the contacts of electronic relay No. 2 (pos. 16). A separate inductance coil (pos. 14) by the second end is connected to the contacts of electronic relay No. 2 (pos. 16). Two devices are involved in the circuit - control units (control units, pos. 18), which produce synchronous pulses for controlling electronic relays No. 1 and No. 2 (pos. 16 and pos. 15). To provide power to these devices, an existing additional battery of thermocouples with series-connected thermocouples is used (pos. 11).

DESCRIPTION OF THE DESIGN OPERATION.

With an increase in the temperature of the heater (pos. 8), a temperature difference between the “hot” and “cold” junctions occurs. There is an emf each thermocouple (item 3 and item 11). This opens the semiconductor switches (pos. 7). From an additional battery from a series-connected thermoelements (pos. 11), voltage is supplied to the control devices (pos. 18), which generate synchronous pulses with a given frequency (for example, 50 Hz) to control electronic relays No. 1 and No. 2 (pos. 15 and pos. . 16). With a given frequency, electronic relays No. 1 and No. 2 synchronously begin to open (close). As a result, a sawtooth current appears in the transformer inductor coils (pos. 17 and pos. 14), which, changing the magnetic flux through the conductive circuit (inductance coils), contributes to the appearance of a sawtooth voltage in the transformer output winding (pos. 13) (G.S. Lansberg, "Elementary textbook of physics", T2. Electricity and magnetism. M .; FIZMALIT, 2008, p. 325). According to the principle of superposition, if a magnetic field is created by several conductors with current, then the vector of magnetic induction at any point of this field is equal to the vector sum of the magnetic inductions created at this point by each current separately (I.E. Tamm "Fundamentals of the theory of electricity", Moscow, Nauka, 1966, pp. 549-553). Therefore, all the currents in the inductors and the individual transformer inductance coil (primary transformer winding, pos. 14 and pos. 17) add up and induce an emf. in the secondary winding of the transformer. In this case, the voltage rating of the transformer output winding (pos. 13) is proportional to the number of turns of this winding, and the ratio of voltages at the terminals of the transformer windings (primary and secondary) at idle is approximately equal to the ratio of the emf induced in them. (G. Lansberg “Elementary textbook of physics”, T2, Electricity and magnetism. M,; FIZMALIT, 2008, pp. 397-398).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Graphically, the drawings are presented in the form of four figures: figure 1, figure 2, figure 3, figure 4.

Figure 1 consists of:

- position 1 - the common base of the battery of thermocouples;

- position 2 - connecting metal bridge;

- position 3 - semiconductor rod (type 1);

- position 4 - semiconductor rod (type 2);

- position 5 - load resistance.

Figure 2 consists of:

- position 3 - semiconductor rod (thermocouple, type 1);

- position 5 - load resistance;

- position 6 - metal base;

- position 7 - semiconductor switches (diodes);

Figure 3 consists of:

- position 3 - semiconductor rods (type 1);

- position 5 - load resistance;

- position 6 - solid metal base;

- position 7 - semiconductor switches (diodes);

- position 8 - heating element;

- position 9 - junction;

- position 10 - common electric bus;

- position 11 - battery with series - connected thermocouples;

- position 12 - metal bridges.

Figure 4 consists of:

- position 3 - semiconductor rods (type 1);

- position 7 - semiconductor switches (diodes);

- position 11 - battery with series-connected thermocouples;

- position 13 - output winding of the transformer;

- position 14 - a separate transformer inductance coil;

- position 15 - electronic relay No. 1;

- position 16 - electronic relay No. 2;

- position 17 - transformer inductance coil;

- position 18 - electronic relay control units;

- position 19 - transformer core.

Claims (1)

A thermoelectric battery characterized by a parallel connection of semiconductor elements and an additional battery of series-connected thermoelements, containing a solid metal base on which semiconductor rods are formed to form junctions and an additional battery of series-connected thermoelements, characterized in that the first ends of the semiconductor rods are connected to the contacts of the first electronic relays, second ends of semiconductor rods through semiconductors e keys are connected to one end of the inductors located on the core of the transformer, while the other ends of the inductors are connected to each other and to the contacts of the first electronic relay, the first end of the additional battery of thermocouples with series-connected thermocouples through a semiconductor key is connected to the first end of a separate inductor, located on the core of the transformer, the second end of the additional battery is connected in series with thermocouples contacts of the second electronic switch, wherein the electronic relay controlled by the control units to supply additional battery which is used with series-connected thermocouples.

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