RU2698941C1 - Wind-driven power plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to wind power plants. Wind-driven power plant comprises a wind motor with a horizontal axis of rotation, having a helicoidal shape with variable pitch, windmill supports, an electric motor and a reduction gear. Wind propeller consists of two screws on two shafts located one after another on one axis of rotation and rotating in different directions. Supports are located on external ends of screws, each of propellers supports is installed on movable support of circular frame with possibility of rotation of supports with screws along circular frame in any direction for 360°, has central frame part with generator shaft running vertically oriented shaft, top connected via conical gear with shafts of screws, at bottom connected with generator, wind power plant is equipped with weather vane.

EFFECT: invention is aimed at reduction of wind flow energy losses.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The claimed invention relates to the field of energy, in particular, to wind power plants that convert wind energy into electrical energy.

The claimed solution can be used in areas with favorable wind conditions, namely, areas with high and medium wind speeds on hilltops, hills, taking into account objects that can affect the speed and strength of the wind (for example, such as trees, buildings, hills and other).

The prior art:

Various solutions are known in the art for converting a wind stream into electrical energy. These include wind farms, which consist of stand-alone wind power plants, block longline, multi-tier power plants, and wave-wind power stations.

At the same time, stand-alone wind power plants are located at a small height from the earth’s surface and do not use the full energy wind flow.

The disadvantage of several wind turbines installed at a small distance from each other is that they occupy a significant area and, being at a small distance from the earth's surface, cannot fully use the energy of wind flows.

Various types of wind motors are known, in separate sources called wind wheels, for generating energy using wind power. These include vane, rotary, conveyor, rotor and other wind turbines with horizontal or vertical axes of rotation.

The most common wing type wind turbines with a horizontal axis of rotation

The main disadvantage of winged wind turbines with a horizontal axis of rotation can be considered the need to build expensive high towers, due to the large diameter of the wind wheel needed to obtain high power. Tall towers, expensive and complex to build and operate, do not provide the proper level of reliability of a wind farm in a gale, as the entire structure becomes unstable.

As the main disadvantages of existing rotary engines with a vertical axis of rotation, one can distinguish the presence of high drag, which occurs when the blades rotate, which causes icing of wind turbines at low temperatures, as well as a low coefficient of use of wind energy. Wind turbines of this type, like vane wind motors, are characterized by a high level of accident rate. In addition, it is recommended to disassemble such wind turbines when there is a threat of a gale, which leads to high costs associated with the dismantling of structures and the time of downtime.

1. The well-known "block longline wind power plant" RU 2487264 (C2) class IPC F03D 1/04 (2006.01), F03D 7/02 (2006.01), which includes a block longline overpass installed on the foundation.

Blocks of tiers of the power plant are attached to each other to the base. The tiers of a wind power plant are soundproofed on their surface; in the middle parts of tiers there are wind turbines that rotate inside the casings using an electromechanical system when the wind direction changes. Pipes located inside the blocks allow you to catch oblique wind flows, after which they are sent to the middle parts. The wind farm is equipped with an elevator and solar panels. The disadvantage of this power plant is the inability to rotate the structure depending on the direction of the wind. Also, the power plant is cumbersome and difficult to install and operate, does not provide the appropriate level of reliability in stormy winds.

(Block longline wind power plant RU 2487264 (C2) https://fips.ru).

2. An analogue of the claimed invention can be considered a wind power station with a vertical two-stage vortex wind turbine with centrifugal speed limiters of rotation of an air turbine RU 2392489 (C1) class MKP F03D3 / 00. The invention also relates to the field of energy, is used to convert wind energy into other types of energy. The power plant consists of a wind turbine, which includes two turbines located one above the other with bearing shafts. Turbines are connected to electric generators. Inside the lower shaft is the shaft of the upper turbine. The turbine blades form multi-blade turbines of the opposite direction of rotation. The disadvantage is that the invention has a complex structure, can only be used in areas with favorable or extreme wind conditions, is not equipped with the ability to rotate to pick up different directions of wind flows.

(A wind power plant with a vertical two-stage vortex air turbine with centrifugal speed limiters for the rotation of an air turbine RU 2392489 (C1) https://fips.ru).

3. Known wind power plant RU 2504690 (C2) class MKP F03D 1/04, F03D 11/00, F03D 3-04, it includes several wind power plants that are located in an underground tunnel that is connected to a vertical wind tunnel suspended from a balloon. Due to the difference in atmospheric pressure at the ends of the pipe, an air flow arises, due to which the power station functions. Sound and vibration effects are reduced due to the underground location of wind power plants. The disadvantage of this solution is the complexity and bulkiness of the structure, the need to use large areas, a high accident rate, due to the location of the plants in the underground tunnel.

(Wind Farm RU 2504690 (C2) https://fips.ru).

4. The Onipko Universal Rotor RU 2550718 (C2) MKP class F03B 3/12, F03D 1/06, F04D 29/18 is also known from the prior art. It consists of two arcuate blades located around the axis of rotation of the rotor and connected with the fastener. Each of the blades is located close to the blade parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor. The upper edge of the curved side surface of the blade is connected with the edge of the concave side surface of the blade. The concave surface has no sharp bends and angles and is inclined from the axis of rotation of the rotor to the base of the blade. The connection of the edge of the concave surface of the blade with the upper edge of the curved surface is made at an angle.

The disadvantage of the Rotor is its low power and low efficiency, which allows it to produce only a small amount of energy for private use, as well as the impossibility of applying this solution on an industrial scale. (Onipko Universal Rotor RU 2550718 (C2) https://fips.ru).

The similarity of the claimed invention with existing analogues is that the main purpose of each design is to convert wind energy into mechanical work and into electricity. The difference lies in the structures themselves, the composition of the structural elements and the mechanisms of their work aimed at generating energy.

The main disadvantages of the presented analogues are insufficient mechanical strength of structures, low level of efficiency, limitations in use in areas with high or low wind speeds, difficulties in installation and operation.

Disclosure of the invention:

Today, the search for alternative types of electricity is quite relevant. The wind farm allows the use of wind flow energy, does not require large investments, does not harm the environment.

The objectives of the claimed solution is to develop the design of a wind power station, which has a higher efficiency compared to the prototype, eliminates the braking of the blades, reduces the intensity of turbulent wind flows, is less dependent on the speed and direction of the wind, and uses the energy of the wind flow to the full. In addition, the wind farm is easy to install and operate, does not have a negative impact on the environment.

The tasks are achieved due to the developed design of the wind farm, which eliminates the disadvantages of the above prototype due to the design of the screws and the ability to rotate the entire structure of the power plant depending on the wind direction, providing users with an alternative source of energy.

The wind farm, realizing the properties of the presented and existing analogues, solves a number of problems:

1. Allows you to increase the efficiency of the power plant due to the shape of the screws and advanced design;

2. It occupies smaller surface areas of the earth in comparison with wind power installations standing at small distances from each other;

3. Allows you to minimize the loss of energy flow of air, while increasing the coefficient of their use;

4. Does not have a negative impact on the environment;

5. Reduces installation and operation costs;

6. It does not have mechanical noise and has a low level of aerodynamic noise ² during operation;

7. It can be used in areas with favorable and extreme wind conditions.

The invention:

The wind farm operates on the principle of a horizontal-axis windmill. The wind turbine of the power plant belongs to the rotor type and is made in the form of helicoid screws, which gives a definite advantage over the wing wheels of the wing type, since when the wind speed increases, the screws quickly increase traction, stabilizing the speed of rotation.

The force of the wind rotates the blades, and the wind power plant converts kinetic energy into mechanical and then into electrical energy.

The declared wind power plant includes a frame (2) with two screw supports fixed to it (2.1) (within the framework of this description, we will conventionally call them left and right), horizontally oriented beams interconnected at the bottom

(2.2). In the center on the beams (2.2), the central part of the frame is vertically mounted upwards

(2.3) FIG. 1, 2. Inside the central part of the frame (2.3) there passes a vertically oriented shaft (8) of the generator drive (5), connected at the top by means of a bevel gear (10) with shafts (3.1) and (3.2), which we will arbitrarily call in the framework of this description left (3.1) and right (3.2) of FIG. 2.

The bevel gear (10) includes three gears, the gear of the generator shaft (8) is driven in relation to the driving bevel gears (3.1.1), (3.2.1) of the shaft (3.1) of the screw (1.1) and the shaft (3.2 ) screw (1.2).

The shaft (3.1) of the screw (1.1) and the shaft (3.2) of the screw (1.2) pass through the axis of rotation (3) of the screws (1.1) and (1.2). Screws (1.1) and (1.2) with variable pitch, made in the form of a helicoid ³ , are located one after the other on shafts 3.1 and 3.2, which, together with the screws, are parallel to the surface of the earth (Fig. 1,2).

Screws (1.1) and (1.2) have several arcuate concave blades and rotate in different directions of FIG. 1, which allows efficient use of the oncoming air flow depending on the direction of the wind (Fig. 1).

The supports (2.1) are mounted on the movable support (4) of FIG. 2 with the ability to rotate 360 degrees due to the crown (15) of the support-rotary device (9).

The design of the wind farm is equipped with a weather vane, which can be installed both at the power plant itself and at a distance from it. The weather vane determines the direction and speed of the wind flow and directs the received data in any known manner. Depending on the received data on the direction of the wind flow, the slewing device (9) of FIG. 4, located on the frame (2), using the drive (13) of the slewing-rotary device, including an electric motor (11), a gearbox (14), a gear (12), a crown (15), unfolds the power plant structure in the direction necessary for rotation of the screws .

The vertical shaft (8) in the lower part is connected to the generator (5) of FIG. four.

The claimed wind farm creates such conditions under which air flows (7) located in the area of rotation of the screws (1.1) and (1.2) of FIG. 1 under a given rotational direction, artificially create a funnel, similar to a tornado according to the principle of its action, thus, due to centrifugal force, the air flows passing through the screw blades are twisted, forming a funnel around each screw and involving other air flows into this funnel.

The right screw (1.2), depending on the direction of the wind, performing its rotation through the bevel gear (10), transfers additional force to the left screw (1.1), rotating in the opposite direction (Fig. 1).

The helicoid shape of the screws (1.1, 1.2), thanks to the twisting of the blades, allows rotation evenly, which reduces the load on the structural elements and increases the duration of their service.

The claimed wind farm is adapted to changes in the speed and direction of wind flows due to the fact that the structure has a movable support, which rotates the whole structure with screws in a circle 360 degrees, depending on the direction of movement of the wind defined by the weather vane. Thus, the screws are always turned in the right direction, which allows the propeller blades to catch and use wind flows as much as possible.

The main advantage of the declared wind farm, distinguishing it from the existing prototype, is the helicoid shape of the screws and the ability to rotate the structure in the right direction.

This form of the screw allows maximum use of the energy of the wind flows, since the wind flow will first hit the surface of one concave blade of the screw, receives additional rotation and is transferred to another screw, rotating in the opposite direction, thus giving the second screw additional movement. The energy arising from the swirling of air in the direction opposite to the rotation of the first screw transfers additional force to the second screw. This type of propeller allows the wind farm to be more resistant to turbulence. The blades of screws (1.1 and 1.2), meeting with the air flows (7), rotate under their pressure and through the bevel gear (10) of FIG. 2 transmit rotation to the shaft (8), which in turn transfers it to the generator (5) and converts the wind force into electrical energy.

“Using the shaft (8) of FIG. 2, 3, the torque from the screws (1.1) and (1.2) through the shafts (3.1), (3.2) and the gear transmission (10) is transmitted to the rotor of the generator (5) of FIG. fourteen".

This allows the power plant to rotate the axis with screws in accordance with the change in wind direction. Known wind farms rotate the blades in such a way that part of the energy of the wind flow does not reach the surface of the blade and is not used, thereby reducing the efficiency of the power plant, the proposed solution allows you to capture oblique wind flows and direct them to the middle parts.

The wind farm is easy to maintain, as the generator (5) is not located at the top like a traditional wind farm, but at the bottom.

Brief Description of the Drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a wind farm. General form;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a wind farm. Front view;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a wind farm. Type A;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a wind farm. View B;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a wind farm. View C

Summary of Features

1.1 - left screw;

1.2 - right screw;

2 - frame;

2.1 - screw support;

2.2 - beam;

2.3 - the central part of the frame;

3 - axis of the screw;

3. 1 - screw shaft left;

3.1.1 - conical gear wheel of the screw shaft of the left;

3.2 - screw shaft right;

3.2.1 - bevel gear of the screw shaft of the right;

4 - movable support;

5 - generator;

6 - stand support;

7 - air flow;

8 - generator drive shaft;

9 - slewing ring;

10 - bevel gear;

11 - electric motor;

12 - drive gear;

13 - drive slewing device;

14 - gear;

15 - the crown of the slewing ring;

16 - gear support.

Principle of operation

To implement the claimed invention, it is necessary to select a terrain with a favorable wind regime for this (this may be an open terrain with a high or medium wind speed).

The support height (2.1) of the screws (1.1) and (1.2) can be different and is calculated individually, based on the natural conditions of the selected location of the declared power station, the presence of various obstacles (trees, buildings, etc.), wind speed and strength.

The supports (2.1), the beam (2.2) and the central part of the frame (2.3) of the wind farm are installed on the foundation or frame (2) on the racks (6) of the frame (2) of FIG. 1, 2. Before installing the movable support (4) on the foundation, it is aged for at least a month in order to ensure its strength and tight fit to the surface of the earth, after which it is possible to place the remaining structural elements.

The wind flow hits the concave surfaces of the propeller blades (1.1), (1.2) and sets them to rotate. The screws (1.1), (1.2) begin to rotate and using the shafts (3.1) and (3.2) transmit the movement of the bevel gear (10), which rotates the shaft (8), which in turn transfers energy to the generator (5) for converting it into electrical (Fig. 1).

The movable support (4) with the help of the crown (15) of the rotary support device (9) unfolds the structure with screws (1.1) and (1.2) in accordance with the change in the direction of the wind, which determines the weather vane.

Thus, a technical result is achieved: users are provided with a power plant with a high level of efficiency, which is achieved due to the shape of the screws, which allow to effectively interact with a large number of wind flows and use the maximum wind flow energy, the ability to rotate the axis with screws depending on the wind direction.

The wind farm does not occupy a large area, is easy to maintain, and also safe during stormy loads.

In the present invention, the wind energy flow directly interacts with the surface of the blades, this helps to reduce the energy loss of wind flows.

The design of the wind farm provides an opportunity to reduce the strength and intensity of turbulent flows due to the shape of the screw and its curved surface of the blades. Energy wind flow is directed to the edge of the propeller’s sweeping surface and extends beyond the propeller, giving the other propeller additional driving force. Users are provided with a wind farm, with which it is possible to obtain energy in the complete absence of raw materials for processing, as well as waste from the use of the power plant.

Claims (2)

1. A wind power plant comprising a wind turbine with a horizontal axis of rotation, having a helicoidal shape with a variable pitch, wind turbine bearings, electric motor, gearbox, characterized in that the wind turbine consists of two screws on two shafts located one after another on the same axis of rotation and rotating in different sides; has two supports, the support of one screw and the support of the second, located at the outer ends of the screws, each of the supports of the screws is mounted on a movable support of the circular frame with the possibility of rotation of the supports with screws on the circular frame in any direction 360 °; has a central part of the frame with a vertically oriented generator drive shaft inside, connected at the top through a bevel gear with screw shafts, connected at the bottom to the generator; the wind farm is equipped with a weather vane. 2. The wind power station according to claim 1, characterized in that the weather vane, which determines the direction and speed of the wind flow, is installed far from the wind power station.

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