RU2697216C1 - Discharger of traveling discharge and method of diagnostics of system of electrospark ignition by traveling discharge - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of control and diagnostics of electric spark ignition systems (ESIS) of internal combustion engine (ICE) or ICE bank with number of cylinders 2÷6. Said technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed discharge discharger includes 8 spark gaps, through which the spark discharge is sequentially moved, which forms the light effect of the traveling discharge. This provides simple and fast visual perception, identification, predictability, prediction and evaluation of spark discharges, which enables reliable determination of the technical state of the diagnosed ESIS and accurate technical diagnosis.

EFFECT: technical result consists in reliable assessment of technical condition of ESIS on such diagnostic features as presence and value of high-voltage (HV) energy, presence of passes of spark discharges, conformity of sequence and rhythmicity of movement of spark discharge to the order of operation of cylinders, presence of parasitic and accidental discharges, unscheduled transitions of spark discharges between cylinders, breakdown of HV of spark plug insulations, breakdown of spark plug insulating tips, ignition modules and individual ignition coils and drain of HV along their inner surface to ICE "mass".

2 cl, 21 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

For the diagnosis of electric spark ignition systems (SEZ) of automobile gasoline internal combustion engines (ICE), spark gaps (IR) are used, including 1 ÷ 2 spark gaps (IP). Such IRs have limited diagnostic capabilities for free economic zones, as they provide for the observation of spark discharges of one or two internal combustion engine cylinders. If, in the order of the cylinders operation, to connect to the SEZ a set of IEs located in a row is connected, the number of which is equal to the number of ICE cylinders, then the discharges, which alternately occur in the IE, create the light effect of the successive movement of the discharge. Hereinafter, such a light effect is referred to as a “running discharge” for short (by analogy with the well-known light effect “running lights”), and such a set of light sources is referred to as a “running discharge arrester” (RBD) for short.

RBD and a method for diagnosing the SEZ of a gasoline-fueled internal combustion engine with a running discharge according to the current section of the International Patent Classification IPC-2016.01 belong to class F02P 17/04 - dynamic verification of spark ignition systems in internal combustion engines with inductive energy storage devices operating without compression self-ignition.

RBD and a running discharge diagnostics method belong to the field of dynamic tests and checks of the SEZ of an automobile gasoline ICE carried out by rotating the crankshaft (KB). Such ICEs are currently the most common, and the electrical circuits and components of their SEZ during operation are continuously exposed to high voltage (VN), which leads to a gradual deterioration of the current-carrying properties of conductors and the dielectric properties of insulating materials of the SEZ, which is exacerbated by moisture and pollution coming from environment, and the high temperature of the internal combustion engine. As a result of burnouts of conductors and breakdowns of dielectrics, misfires of sparking occur, and, consequently, misfires of the air-fuel mixture. With an unplanned transition of high-voltage (BB) energy to the spark plug of another cylinder, a spurious spark discharge occurs in its spark gap with a violation of the ignition timing (SPD), which causes not only a significant decrease in the characteristics of the cylinder, but also detonation, which can lead to the destruction of metal parts of the cylinder-piston group.

In practice, there are frequent cases when disruption of spark protection, the occurrence of spurious spark discharges, the exchange of discharges between cylinders, violation of the rhythm of spark discharges and the correspondence of the sequence of spark discharges to the order of operation of ICE cylinders are caused by moisture, contamination or damage to parts of ignition distributors (RE) and high voltage distributors (RVN) ), as well as mixing up the switching components (QC) leading to the cylinders - high and low voltage cables and electrical connectors - as a result of a certain petition actions of drivers and even some car service workers. Deterioration of the cylinder characteristics due to the SEZ defect leads to a decrease in the torque and power of the internal combustion engine, the intensification of its wear, excessive fuel consumption and environmental damage due to changes in the concentration of exhaust gases (exhaust) and the exit of unburned fuel from the exhaust system, which causes overheating, the risk of fire and destruction exhaust gas catalytic converter, distortion of the signal of oxygen concentration sensors, which in turn contributes to the violation of the correction of fuel injection of the internal combustion engine injection system.

Thus, violations in the operation of the SEZ directly negatively affect the functioning of the internal combustion engine and the environment, so the issues of improving the means and methods of diagnosing the SEZ are very relevant.

State of the art

Diagnostic devices such as spark gaps and methods for diagnosing SEZ by the light effects of spark discharges generated by SEZ arising in the spark gaps of radiation sources have long been known and are widely used.

The industry produces IR, which are described in detail in the sources of information on the diagnostics and repair of free economic zones: high-voltage spark gap MM-BP-01 (http://motor-master.ru/component/content/article/10-diag/46-vysokovoltnyj-razryadnik ), high-voltage spark gap Spark Gap 1024 (http://injectorservice.com.ua/spark_ gap_a123.php # spark_gap), high voltage models 19991500 and 19993000 (http://www.ardio.ru/razryad.php), Um -10/25 (http://maslov.com.ru/Web-pageR.htm), P4-8C (http://www.autoscaners.ru/catalogue/?catalogue_id=razryadnik_vysokovoltnyy_r4_8с), spark gap tester IR-2 (http://www.autoscaners.ru/catalogue/?catalogue_id=razryadnik tester_ir_2) and many others. other

These spark gaps have some design differences, features, advantages and disadvantages. So, Spark Gap, 19991500, 19993000 arresters have one spark gap and therefore are designed to test a high voltage spark discharge transmitted by one explosive conductor, while Spark Gap has an adjustable and the remaining unregulated (constant) spark gap. Arrester UM-10/25 has the ability to mount at different distances of the explosive electrode of the arrester from the "mass" of the engine, which allows you to set the spark gap of the desired size.

The RBD prototypes are MM-VR-01 and P4-8C arresters, since they have two IPs each, which allows using light effects from the arising spark discharges to diagnose two-spark ignition modules (DMZ) of two-spark ignition systems [double ignition system] (DIS). In addition, these arresters are designed to test ignition coils (short circuit) of classical ignition systems (KSZ) and ignition modules (MZ), and can also be used to test a high-voltage spark discharge transmitted by separate one or two explosive conductors of other types of ignition systems.

The IR-2 arrester-tester also has similar capabilities and, in addition, it provides an excitation pulse to a short-circuit / МЗ / ДМЗ, receiving a pulse from a short-circuit / МЗ / ДМЗ explosive to a spark gap with a calibrated breakdown voltage, and counting the transmitted pulses, however, it is a prototype It is not, because it does not use the light effects of spark discharges.

The design of the prototypes provides for the observation of spark discharges, a visual assessment of the presence, rhythm and magnitude of explosive energy, the presence of gaps in discharges in individual cylinders of an automobile internal combustion engine (ICE) in the process of scrolling KB with a starter, but has a number of significant drawbacks that limit their capabilities and reliability of diagnosis Free economic zone. They have only 2 spark gaps, while in real DIS systems of 4-cylinder internal combustion engines there are 4 spark gaps, so the spark discharges in the prototypes do not fully correspond to the processes occurring in the real DIS system, which distorts the diagnostic information. In addition, when scrolling the HF with the ignition on and the spark plugs turned off, the spark gap must contain the number of spark gaps equal to the number of ICE cylinders or one bank of a V-shaped or opposed ICE to ensure a safe discharge of explosive energy of all ignition coils of the SEZ ICE or ICE bank, however prototypes do not provide this. The most significant disadvantages of prototypes that impede the achievement of the required technical result are the impossibility of checking and comparing the quality of spark discharges of all ICE cylinders or an ICE bank at the same time according to such diagnostic criteria as the correspondence of the sequence and rhythm of spark displacement to the order of operation of ICE cylinders, the presence of spurious and random spark discharges , unplanned transition of discharges between cylinders, breakdown of the insulator and leakage of explosive energy. At the same time, the practice of diagnosing SEZ shows that the assessment of precisely these diagnostic features is most necessary for each ICE, regardless of the type of SEZ, however, this technical result is unattainable by prototypes due to the insufficient number of spark gaps in them, the mismatch of their internal switching to all real types of SEZ and lack of the necessary equipment.

Unlike prototypes, RBD and the running-discharge diagnostic method implemented by it are devoid of these drawbacks and ensure the achievement of a technical result in the diagnosis of all types of SEZ of all cylinders simultaneously in an internal combustion engine or internal combustion engine bank with a number of cylinders of 2 ÷ 6.

The RBD and the method of running discharge diagnostics are not known from the prior art, they do not follow from the prior art for a specialist, and can be applied in the automotive service industry. By virtue of this, the RBD and the running discharge diagnostics method are a new, industrially applicable invention.

Disclosure of invention

The essence of the invention as a technical solution lies in the combination of properties of the RBD device and the running-discharge diagnostics method implemented by it, which ensures the achievement of a technical result. The main difference between RBDs and prototypes is to increase the number of spark gaps to a number equal to the number of cylinders of the diagnosed ICE or ICE bank, including up to 6 cylinders, and to arrange the spark gaps in one row. Such a quantitative change and the constructive arrangement of spark gaps causes the transition of the diagnostics of SEZ to a qualitatively new method of diagnostics by running discharge.

The RBD device 1 (Fig. 1) includes a housing in the form of a U-shaped supporting structure of three plates 2, 3, 4 made of fiberglass 5 mm thick, in which 8 spark gaps 5-12 are located in succession every 30 mm, including 5 normal spark gaps (NIL) 5, 6, 8-10 of 10 mm in size, 2 small spark gaps (MIP) 11 and 12 of 1 mm in size, and also one adjustable spark gap (RIP) 7, the size of which is adjustable within 1 ÷ 10 mm. NIL and MIP are constant spark gaps (have a constant size), because Numerous adjustable spark gaps only complicate the design, but do not make much practical sense.

This size of the NIP 5, 6, 8-10 is due to the operating conditions of the spark plug idling and at a partial load of the internal combustion engine, when the breakdown voltage of its spark gap due to the presence of the corresponding pressure in the cylinder is about 10 kV, as well as the state of the air during diagnosis in normal atmospheric conditions (760 mmHg, + 20 ° С, humidity 11 g / m ³ ), at which the breakdown voltage of air in the range of 0 ÷ 50 kV is quite accurately determined by the dependence (II Aliev, S.G. Kalganova Electrotechnical materials and products. Directory. - M .: IP RadioSo ft., 2005. - 352 s: ill. ISBN 5-93037-133-4, p. 168, Fig. 4.1. http://mash-xxl.info/page/1452381102381360 882451431641091392191 24250248134):

U = 0.85h,

where U is the breakdown voltage, kV;

h is the size of the spark gap, mm

The size of the MIP 11 and 12 is due to the fact that in DIS a blank spark is formed as a result of the breakdown of the spark gap of the spark plug at almost atmospheric pressure, at which the breakdown voltage is about 1 kV. MIP are made unregulated to exclude time losses when diagnosing DIS 4-cylinder internal combustion engines, which make up the majority. When diagnosing DIS, the 6-cylinder ICE RIP 7 is turned into a MIP due to the threaded nozzle 13 (Fig. 2, 3). Each spark gap is formed by two needle-type electrodes - "mass" 14 and contact 15 (Fig. 1, 3). "Mass" electrodes are interconnected by a common "mass" bus 16, to which a wire 17 is connected with a clip of a "mass" crocodile bus 18 (Fig. 1). On a fragment of the RBD in the context (Fig. 3), the construction of the electrodes is shown: each contact electrode 15 is screwed into the plate 3 of the RBD case, it has an external contact part consisting of a conductive contact rod 19, a 40 mm long fiberglass insulator is screwed onto the threaded part and candle contact nut 21. The diameter of the insulator 20 is equal to the diameter of the same part of a typical spark plug.

The RBD also includes: 6 metal washers 22 (Fig. 4) with an outer diameter of 25 mm and an inner diameter of 12 mm; 6 metal mesh screens 23 (Fig. 5) of a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 25 mm, a height of 60 mm with a wire and a crocodile clip 24; a mass splitter 25 (Fig. 6), which is a wire with a total length of 1 m with six branches with a length of 0.1 to 0.5 m, having “crocodile” type terminals at the ends; 6 BB extension cords 26.

NPCs 5, 6, 8-10 (Fig. 1) are designed to indicate spark discharges of explosive energy coming from the spark plug cables KSZ, MZ, DMZ and individual ignition coils (IKZ). RIP 7, MIP 11, 12 (Fig. 2) and next to it located NIPs 5, 8, 10, respectively, are designed to indicate spark discharges of explosive energy coming from one of the ignition coils DMZ.

The mesh screens 23 (Fig. 5) of a cylindrical design are intended for visual detection of electrical breakdown of the insulating tips of the candle cables, MZ, DMZ and IKZ, for which mesh screens are put on the tips and connected to the “mass” of the internal combustion engine. Together with the washers 22 (Fig. 4) mesh screens provide detection of the flow of explosive energy on the inner walls of the tips to the "mass".

The mass splitter 25 (Fig. 6) is designed to connect to the “mass” ICE of those dismantled diagnosed components of the SEZ that are connected to the “mass” in the normal position.

BB extenders 26 are designed to transfer explosive energy from ignition coils KSZ, MZ, DMZ and IKZ to spark gaps in the case when it is structurally impossible to connect them directly to the contact electrodes of the RBD.

Such design and equipment of RBD allows diagnosing any type of SEZ installed on an internal combustion engine or internal combustion engine bank with the number of cylinders i = 2 ÷ 6.

The principle of functioning of the RBD is that spark plug cables KSZ, MZ, DMZ or IKZ of all i cylinders of an internal combustion engine or an internal combustion engine bank are connected to its spark gaps in the sequence corresponding to the order of operation of the cylinders. When the vehicle’s ignition is turned on and the HF is turned on, this ensures the safety of the explosive discharge of the energy of all ignition coils of the SEZ ICE or the internal combustion engine bank, and the light effect of a running discharge is formed, the essence of which is that the spark discharge cyclically, sequentially and rhythmically arises in the spark gaps of the RBD in the order of operation of the cylinders, moving the s-th spark gap to jr the 1st spark gap, where j = 1 ... i. After passing the spark discharge over all the spark gaps of the RBD, the passage cycle repeats.

Running discharge ensures predictability of the discharge in the j + 1-th spark gap and due to this - its easy visual perception, forecasting and evaluation by the diagnostician, simple and quick visual identification of the discharge for each cylinder, comparison of their light radiation, which provides reliable diagnosis of all types of free economic zones on all cylinders of an internal combustion engine or internal combustion engine bank according to such diagnostic criteria as the presence and magnitude of explosive energy, the correspondence of the sequence and rhythm of the movement of the spark discharge to the order of operation of the cylinders, The similarity of gaps in discharges, parasitic and random discharges, unplanned transitions of discharges between cylinders, explosive breakdowns of insulation of spark plug cables, breakdowns of the tips of spark plug cables, MZ, DMZ and IKZ and draining of explosive energy along their internal surface to the internal combustion engine mass. This ensures the localization of the SEZ defect and the reliability of the technical diagnosis of the entire SEZ, with the exception of the values of the ignition timing and the technical condition of the spark plugs.

A running discharge eliminates the need for counting ignition pulses, since the misfires of spark discharges and the difference in their light radiation in one of the IPs are easily detected by comparison with spark discharges in other IPs.

Before implementing the method of diagnostics by a running discharge by means of RBD, the car is installed on the parking brake and / or thrust blocks are installed under the wheels. The lever of the mechanical gearbox (gearbox) is set to neutral, the automatic gearbox is in the parking position.

A method for diagnosing a running discharge by means of RBD includes disconnecting spark plug cables from the spark plugs, MZ, DMZ and IKZ, removing spark plugs from the internal combustion engine to reduce the load on the battery and preventing spark plugs from filling gasoline from the injection system.

To completely eliminate the injection of gasoline into the cylinders, it is advisable to turn off the nozzles or the electric fuel pump, having previously completely relieved the pressure of gasoline in the fuel rail.

The clamp of the "mass" bus RBR 18 (Fig. 1) is reliably connected to the "mass" of the internal combustion engine or the negative terminal of the battery.

If the spark plugs in the diagnosed SEZ are used without contact nuts, then contact nuts 21 are also unscrewed from the contact electrodes of the RBD (Fig. 3).

When diagnosing SEZ of any type (except DIS) of internal combustion engines with the number of cylinders i = 2 ÷ 6, spark plug cables 27 (Fig. 7-9) of SEZ or terminals 28 (Fig. 10-12) of MZ 29 or IKZ 30 are connected to the normal spark gaps of the RBD (Fig. 13-15) in the sequence that corresponds to the operating order of the cylinders of the diagnosed ICE, for example, for an in-line 4-cylinder ICE 1-3-4-2 (Fig. 7, 10, 13); for in-line 5-cylinder ICE 1-2-4-5-3 (Fig. 8, 11, 14); for in-line 6-cylinder ICE 1-5-3-6-2-4 (Fig. 9, 12, 15), etc.

When diagnosing DIS ICE with the number of cylinders i = 2 ÷ 6, the candle cables 27 (Fig. 16, 17) or 28 (Fig. 18, 19) of the DMZ 29 cylinders operating in antiphase between themselves are connected in pairs to the MIP and the adjacent NPCs, for example, for an in-line 4-cylinder internal combustion engine with an operating procedure of 1-3-4-2 pairs are as follows: 1-4 and 2-3 (Fig. 16, 18); for an in-line 6-cylinder internal combustion engine with a working order of 1-5-3-6-2-4 pairs are as follows: 1-6, 2-5 and 3-4 (Figs. 17, 19), and to create a third MIP a threaded nozzle 13 (Fig. 3, 19) are rotated counterclockwise so that the spark gap of the NPC 7 is reduced to 1 mm

When diagnosing the SEZ of a V-shaped or opposed ICE with the number of cylinders i> 6, the spark plug cables or tips of MZ, DMZ or IKZ of one of the ICE banks are connected in turn to the RBD; on another bank, disconnect the connectors of the primary (low-voltage) ignition coil circuits.

Candle cables 27 КСЗ and some МЗ and ДМЗ are connected, as a rule, directly to the RBD (Figs. 7–9, 16, 17); other MZ, DMZ and IKZ are connected to the RBD through the BB extenders 26 (Fig. 10-15, 18, 19).

Washers 22 are applied to the ends of the insulating tips (Figs. 7-19); mesh screens 23 are placed on the tips so that the distance to the washers 22 is 1 ÷ 2 mm, and the clips “crocodile” 24 (Fig. 5) connect them to the “mass” bus RBD 16 (Fig. 7-9, 16, 17) or to a mass splitter 25 (Fig. 10-15, 18, 19), which is connected to the “mass” of the internal combustion engine.

After connecting the spark plug cables, MZ, DMZ or IKZ to the RBD, the HF is scrolled by the starter for 10–15 s and, in the process of scrolling, the running discharge in the spark gap of the RBD is observed and evaluated. In each PI, the light emission of the spark discharge must be energetic, clear, short in time, the discharge arc is bright blue, bright white or bright yellow, the discharges must occur in the PI strictly sequentially, moving along them in one direction in the order of the cylinders ICE (for DIS - in the order of operation of the pairs of ICE cylinders operating in antiphase between each other) in each ICE operating cycle, rhythmically, without failures, omissions and parasitic (additional) and random discharges. Sequential and rhythmic movement of the spark discharge across all PIs should be cyclically repeated.

If the running discharge is invariably weak, dark orange or red, moves with gaps or changes the direction of movement, the causes are defects in electrical circuits common to all ICE cylinders - ignition switch, short circuit, DMZ, rotor (slider) or RP / RV cover or central cable RZ.

If the running discharge is weak, chaotic or absent altogether, the cause, in addition, may be a defect of the primary synchronizing sensor - the crankshaft position sensor or the ignition distributor sensor.

If the running discharge in some PIs is weak, dark orange or red, moves with gaps or changes the direction of movement, the causes are defects in electrical circuits common to the corresponding ICE cylinders - ignition switch, KZ, DMZ, cover or runner (rotor) РЗ / RVN.

If the spark discharge moves along the IP inconsistently, randomly or irregularly, with gaps or with parasitic discharges, the causes may be defects of the corresponding short circuit / MZ / DMZ and / or pollution / moisture or electrical breakdown of the cover of the RE / RVN.

If the passage of a spark discharge at a particular transmitter is systematic and a discharge is observed from the insulating tip to the mesh screen, this indicates an electrical breakdown of the insulating tip. If a discharge is observed between the washer and the mesh screen, then this indicates the flow of explosive energy to the “mass” of the internal combustion engine along the inner surface of the tip. The cause of a systematic skipping of a spark discharge at any IP can also be a defect in the corresponding ICZ, internal burnout of a large current-carrying layer of the spark plug cable or leakage of explosive energy to the “mass” of the internal combustion engine in the RE cover (RVN) in the area of this spark plug cable.

The technical result when using the method for diagnosing SEZ by a running discharge by means of RBD is objectively manifested in the following technical effects and properties: it provides reliable diagnostics of all types of SEZ of all ICE cylinders or an ICE bank with the number of cylinders 2 + 6 to such diagnostic signs as the presence and magnitude of explosive energy, correspondence of the sequence and rhythm of the movement of the spark discharge to the order of the cylinders, the presence of gaps in the spark discharge, spurious and random discharges, unplanned of spark discharges between cylinders, explosive breakdowns of insulation of spark plug cables, breakdowns of insulating tips of spark plug cables, MZ, DMZ and IKZ and draining of explosive energy along their internal surface to the “mass” of ICE, on the basis of which a reliable technical diagnosis of the entire SEZ is determined, except for the values the lead time of the ignition and the technical condition of the spark plugs, and localize the defect of the SEZ. The technical result achieved is in direct causal connection with such essential features of the RBD as its structure, functioning principle, diagnostic method, principles of technical diagnosis.

Brief Description of the Drawings

FIG. 1. RBD: 1 - RBD; 2-4 - fiberglass plates; 5, 6, 8-10 - NPC; 7 - RIP; 11, 12 - MIP; 14 - "mass" electrode: 15 - connecting electrode; 16 - "mass" tire; 17 - wire; 18 - clamp "mass" tires.

FIG. 2. RBD: 5, 8.10 - NPC; 7 - RIP; 11.12 - MIP; 13 - threaded nozzle.

FIG. 3. Fragment of the RBD in the context: 3 - fiberglass plate; 13 - threaded nozzle; 14 - "mass" electrodes; 15 - connecting electrodes; 16 - "mass" tire; 19 - contact rod; 20 - insulator; 21 - contact nut.

FIG. 4. Details of the RBD: 22 - washer.

FIG. 5. Details of the RBD: 23 - mesh screen; 24 - clamp.

FIG. 6. Details of RBD: 25 - mass splitter; 26 - BB extension cord.

FIG. 7. Connecting the spark plug cables of a 4-cylinder internal combustion engine having the working order of cylinders 1-3-4-2: 16 - “mass” bus; 22 - washer; 23 - mesh screen; 24 - clamp mesh screen; 27 - a candle cable.

FIG. 8. Connecting the spark plug cables of a 5-cylinder internal combustion engine having the order of operation of the cylinders 1-2-4-5-3: 16 - “mass” tire; 22 - washer; 23 - mesh screen; 24 - clamp mesh screen; 27 - a candle cable.

FIG. 9. Connecting the spark plug cables of a 6-cylinder internal combustion engine having the order of operation of the cylinders 1-5-3-6-2-4: 16 - "mass" tire; 22 - washer; 23 - mesh screen; 24 - clamp mesh screen; 27 - a candle cable.

FIG. 10. Connecting the MOH of a 4-cylinder ICE having the order of operation of the cylinders 1-3-4-2: 22 - washer; 23 - mesh screen; 25 - mass splitter; 26 - BB extension cord; 28 - insulating tip; 29 - MH.

FIG. 11. Connection of the MZ of a 5-cylinder internal combustion engine having the order of operation of the cylinders 1-2-4-5-3: 22 - washer; 23 - mesh screen; 25 - mass splitter; 26 - BB extension cord; 28 - insulating tip; 29 - MH.

FIG. 12. Connecting the MOH of a 6-cylinder ICE having the order of operation of the cylinders 1-5-3-6-2-4: 22 - washer; 23 - mesh screen; 25 - mass splitter; 26 - BB extension cord; 28 - insulating tip; 29 - MH.

FIG. 13. Connecting the IKZ of a 4-cylinder internal combustion engine having the order of operation of the cylinders 1-3-4-2: 22 - washer; 23 - mesh screen; 25 - mass splitter; 26 - BB extension cord; 28 - insulating tip; 30 - ICZ.

FIG. 14. Connecting the IHC of a 5-cylinder internal combustion engine having the order of operation of the cylinders 1-2-4-5-3: 22 - washer; 23 - mesh screen; 25 - mass splitter; 26 - BB extension cord; 28 - insulating tip; 30 - ICZ.

FIG. 15. Connecting the IKZ of a 6-cylinder internal combustion engine having the order of operation of the cylinders 1-5-3-6-2-4: 22 - washer; 23 - mesh screen; 25 - mass splitter; 26 - BB extension cord; 28 - insulating tip; 30 - ICZ.

FIG. 16. Connecting the DMZ of a 4-cylinder internal combustion engine having the order of operation of the cylinders 1-3-4-2: 16 - "mass" tire; 22 - washer; 23 - mesh screen; 24 - clamp mesh screen; 27 - a candle cable.

FIG. 17. Connecting the DMZ of a 6-cylinder internal combustion engine having the order of operation of the cylinders 1-5-3-6-2-4: 16 - "mass" tire; 22 - washer; 23 - mesh screen; 24 - clamp mesh screen; 27 - a candle cable.

FIG. 18. Connecting the DMZ 4-cylinder internal combustion engine, having the order of operation of the cylinders 1-3-4-2: 22 - washer; 23 - mesh screen; 25 - mass splitter; 26 - BB extension cord; 28 - insulating tip; 29 - DMZ.

FIG. 19. Connecting the DMZ of a 6-cylinder ICE having the order of operation of the cylinders 1-5-3-6-2-4: 22 - washer; 23 - mesh screen; 25 - mass splitter; 26 - BB extension cord; 28 - insulating tip; 29 - DMZ.

FIG. 20. Practical diagnosis of DIS 4-cylinder ICE through the practical design of the RBD: 1 - RBD; 5, 10 - NPC; 11, 12 - MIP; 17 - cable; 18 - clamp "mass" tires; 27 - a candle cable; 31 - battery; 32 - terminal negative battery.

FIG. 21. The practical design of the mesh screen: 23 - mesh screen.

The implementation of the invention

The achieved technical result is confirmed by the data obtained during many years of practical diagnostics by running discharge of SEZ of all types by means of the developed and created practical design of RBD.

The supporting structure of the RBD 1 (Fig. 20) is made of three 5 mm thick fiberglass plates, in which there are 8 spark gaps 5-12 every 30 mm, of which 5 are 10 NPCs, 2 1 NPCs and 1 10 RIPs or 1 mm. Mesh screens 22 (Fig. 21) are made of fine brass mesh.

In the practical diagnosis of DIS of a 4-cylinder ICE to reduce time loss, the tips 27 (Fig. 21) of the candle cables 1 and 4 of the cylinders are connected to a pair of adjacent contact electrodes MIP 11 and NIP 5, respectively, the tips of the candle cables 2 and 3 of the cylinders are connected to another pair adjacent contact electrodes NIP 10 and MIP 12, respectively. By means of the wire 17 and the clamp of the "mass" bus 18, the "mass" RBD electrodes are connected to the "minus" terminal 32 of the battery 31 through the "mass" bus of the RBD.

When the HF is scrolled by the starter on the connected spark gaps, the performance of the free economic zone is monitored and evaluated by such diagnostic features as the presence and magnitude of explosive energy, the correspondence of the sequence and rhythm of the moving discharge to the order of the cylinders, the presence of missing traveling discharges, spurious and random discharges, unplanned discharge transitions between cylinders. When mesh screens are put on the insulating tips connected to the “mass” of the internal combustion engine, the presence of explosive breakdowns of the insulation of the spark plug cables and insulating tips is checked, and when the washers 22 are placed (Fig. 16), the presence of explosive energy draining along the inner surface of the insulating tips to the “mass” is checked ICE. Since spark discharges occur in spark gaps sequentially, in accordance with the order of operation of ICE cylinders, this creates the effect of a predictable running discharge, which greatly facilitates its visual perception and analysis by a diagnostician. Taken together, all the properties and capabilities of the RBD make it possible to determine a reliable technical diagnosis of the SEZ, with the exception of the values of the SPD and the technical condition of the spark plugs, and to localize the defect of the SEZ.

Long-term diagnosis of SEZs of all types of internal combustion engines has confirmed the practical usefulness and indispensability of the RBD and the method of diagnostics by running discharge.

Claims (2)

1. A running discharge arrester (RBD) containing spark gaps (IP) for the formation of spark discharges of high voltage (BB) energy received from the spark plug cables of the classical ignition system (KSZ), the ignition module (MZ), and the two-spark ignition module coils ( DMZ) or individual ignition coils (ICZ), which provides for the observation of spark discharges, a visual assessment of their light emission of the presence, rhythm and magnitude of explosive energy, the presence of gaps in the discharges of individual cylinders of an automobile engine in combustion engine (ICE) in the process of cranking the crankshaft (HF) with a starter, characterized in that it includes 8 spaced in one row FE, of which 1 is adjustable and 7 is constant, a mass splitter, 6 metal mesh screens, metal washers and explosive extensions, which ensures a safe spark discharge of all ignition coils of the internal combustion engine or internal combustion engine bank with the number of cylinders 2 ÷ 6 and generates spark discharges cyclically and sequentially arising in the order of the cylinders from the j-th IP to j + 1-I IP, which forms the light effect of a traveling discharge yes, which provides visual identification of the discharge for each cylinder, predictability, forecasting and evaluation of the discharge in the j + 1-st IS and, due to this, simple, quick and reliable diagnosis of all types of electric spark ignition systems (SEZ) simultaneously for all ICE cylinders or ICE bank by such diagnostic features as the correspondence of the sequence and rhythmicity of the traveling discharge moving to the cylinder working order, the presence of spurious and random discharges, unplanned transitions of spark discharges between cylines ramie, BB insulation breakdown spark plug cable insulation breakdown spark plug cable lugs, MH, DMZ and ECI and draining energy explosives at their inner surfaces on the ICE "weight". 2. A method for diagnosing the SEZ of an automobile ICE with a running discharge by means of RBD according to claim 1, including removing spark plugs from the ICE, connecting spark plug cables KSZ or MZ, DMZ or IKZ coils to the spark gaps of the RBD, scrolling the KV by the starter for 10-15 seconds, in during which spark discharges are observed in the switchgear, and their light radiation visually assesses the presence, rhythm and magnitude of explosive energy, the presence of gaps in the discharges of individual ICE cylinders, characterized in that it includes the connection of all spark plug cables KSZ, MZ, DMZ or IKZ D An aircraft or an internal combustion engine bank with the number of cylinders 2–6 to the spark gaps of the RBD in the sequence corresponding to the order of the cylinders, installing metal mesh screens, metal washers on their insulating tips, connecting extension cords and a mass splitter to them, connecting RBD, mesh screens and a mass splitter to the “mass” of the internal combustion engine, visual observation in the process of scrolling by the starter of the HF light effect cyclically, sequentially and predictably moving in the order of operation of the cylinders running spark discharge with j-g IP at j + 1 IP, based on which visual identification of the discharge for each cylinder is carried out, forecasting and evaluation of the discharge in j + 1 IP, and due to this simple, quick and reliable diagnosis of all types of SEZ simultaneously for all ICE cylinders or ICE bank according to such diagnostic features as the correspondence of the sequence and rhythm of moving discharge displacement to the cylinder working order, the presence of spurious and random discharges, unplanned transitions of spark discharges between cylinders, explosive insulation breakdowns cables, breakdowns of the insulating tips of the spark plug cables, MZ, DMZ and IKZ and the flow of explosive energy on their internal surface to the “mass” of the internal combustion engine, thereby determining a reliable technical diagnosis of the SEZ, with the exception of the values of the timing of the ignition and the technical condition of the spark plugs, and localize the defect of the SEZ.

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