RU2693840C1 - Self-contained generator of electromagnetic radiation of radio-frequency range - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to conversion equipment, particularly to devices for converting explosive energy into electromagnetic energy. Self-contained generator of electromagnetic radiation of radio-frequency range includes dielectric housing with semi-windings of equal length located on its inner surface, capacitors connected in series with them and an initial current source based on piezoelectric elements, a tubular liner with an explosive charge and an initiator. End flanges with seats for liner are installed on ends of autonomous generator housing, which provide eccentricity of its installation relative to semi-windings. Piezoelectric cells of initial current source are installed on end flanges of generator.

EFFECT: technical result consists in increase of magnetic field effective compression area and increase of efficiency.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a conversion technique, and more specifically to devices for the conversion of the energy of an explosive into an electromagnetic.

Known devices that serve this purpose — explosive magnetic generators (see, for example, G. Knopfel, “Superstrong Impulse Magnetic Fields”, M: Mir, 1973, p. 215) - contain an explosive charge surrounded by a conducting envelope (liner) and connected to load winding. The initial current and the magnetic field in the winding are created by an external source of the initial current (mainly capacitor banks are used), after which the magnetic field is compressed by the liner expanding under the pressure of detonation products, thereby increasing the amount of current flowing through the load.

In order to significantly reduce the size of the initial current source for such devices, a current source was created, described in the report (V A. Demidov, VD Sadunov, SA Kazakov et al., “Piezoceramic power supply of EMG” B: “Megagauss and megaampere pulse technology Seventh Magnetic Field Generation and Related Topics, Sarov (Arzamas-16), August 5-10, 1996. Edited by VK Chernyshev, VD Selemir, LN Plyashkevich. Part I, Sarov, VNIIEF, 1997, p. 336).

Such an initial current source includes a set of piezoelectric elements, an explosive charge to form a shock wave in them, and an inert buffer to reduce the pressure in the shock wave to values at which the electrical strength of the piezoelectric elements is not disturbed.

The use of such a source of initial current requires a special separate synchronization unit of the moment of operation of this source and its inclusion in the circuit of the powered device and the moment of operation of the explosive magnetic generator, which complicates the device and reduces the reliability of its operation.

As a prototype of the invention, an autonomous turn-down frequency generator, described in the tutorial (A. B. Prischechenko “Explosions and Waves”. Explosive sources of electromagnetic radiation of radio frequency range. Second edition (electronic), revised and enlarged. M: Direct-Media, 2012 , p. 133).

The generator includes a cylindrical dielectric body, on the inner surface of which two half windings of equal length are placed between which are connected a capacitor and an initial current source based on piezoelectric elements, as well as a tubular liner with explosive charge and initiator. At the ends of the hull, flanges are installed with seats for the liner, which ensure the eccentricity of its installation with respect to the floor windings.

When the generator is triggered, a detonation is initiated at half-height of the explosive charge, under the action of the products of which the liner expands. Having reached the source of the initial current, the liner, by striking its inert buffer, forms a shock wave in it, which, being attenuated to values guaranteeing the preservation of the electrical strength of the piezoelectric elements, causes their depolarization and the flow of the current charging the capacitor. At the moment when the current reaches its maximum, the liner expanding further closes the half windings, thereby disconnecting the source of the initial current from the main electrical circuit of the generator, and the main electrical circuit of the explosion-generating magnetic generator oscillates, leading to the formation of electromagnetic radiation.

The disadvantage of the described generator is that the elements of the initial powering device (inert buffer and piezoelectric elements) occupy a significant part of the working volume of the generator, which leads to a reduction in the longitudinal size of the semi-windings. Reducing the longitudinal size of the semi-windings (with other generator parameters unchanged) means that the total effective generator operation time will decrease, which means that the time during which the expanding liner performs work against the ponderomotive forces of the magnetic field of the current in the main generator circuit, t will decrease. e. area of effective magnetic field compression increases. Consequently, the proportion of energy converted from chemical energy of explosives to electromagnetic energy generated by the device radiation will also decrease, and therefore the efficiency of the device as a whole will decrease.

The technical result of the present invention is to increase the effective compression of the magnetic field and increase the efficiency of the device.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the autonomous generator of electromagnetic radiation of the radio frequency range includes a dielectric body with semi-windings of equal length located on its inner surface, a capacitor connected in series with them and an initial current source based on piezoelectric elements, a tubular liner with explosive charge and initiator, end flanges with liner seats are installed at the ends of the hull of the autonomous generator, ensuring the eccentricity of its mouth ovki towards poluobmotkam and piezoelectric primary power source mounted on the end flanges of the generator.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of an autonomous generator of electromagnetic radiation of radio frequency range.

FIG. 2 (a, b) is a diagram of the expansion of the liner autonomous generator of electromagnetic radiation of the radio frequency range (side view and top view in section).

Accepted notation:

1. Dielectric case of the generator

2. Semi winding

3. Condenser

4. The system of piezoelectric elements

5. End flanges

6. The explosive charge (explosive charge)

7. Liner

8. Knock initiator

The electromagnetic radiation generator consists of a cylindrical dielectric body 1, on the inner surface of which half-windings 2 are placed. Each of the half-windings 2 is connected to the capacitor 3 by one and the other to the output of the piezoelectric system 4 (connecting a series of piezoelectric elements 4, but depending on required current and voltage values, other connection options are possible). The system of piezoelectric elements 4 has electrical leads, and, for example, can be a set of rectangular piezoelectric elements of the same type with dimensions determined by the necessary initial current in the device, electrically connected in parallel (either in series or in series-parallel). The system of piezoelectric elements 4 is placed in the end flanges 5, providing the seat of the explosive 6 filled with liner 7 (with eccentricity ε of the installation of the liner 7 relative to the half windings 2 in the opposite direction to the installation of the capacitor 3). The explosive charge 6 is provided with a detonation initiator 8.

The generator of electromagnetic radiation works as follows. The initiator 8 triggers detonation of the explosive charge 6, the pressure of the detonation products of the explosive charge 6 begins the expansion of the liner 7. Expansion of the detonation products at the ends of the explosive charge 6 leads to the formation of areas of rarefaction in them, therefore the form of the expanding liner 7 is not cylindrical, but “barrel-shaped” ( shown by the dotted line in figure 2A). The impact of such an expanding liner 7 on the inner surfaces of the flanges 5 is not frontal, but sliding, due to which the pressure in the shock wave formed in the end flanges 5 decreases, and the inner layers of these flanges 5 act as a buffer reducing the pressure of the shock wave to the preservation of electrical strength in the piezoelectric elements of the system of piezoelectric elements 4. Loaded by the shock wave transferred from the flanges 5 to the piezoelectric elements of the system of piezoelectric elements 4 by the shock wave, the piezoelectric elements are depolarized, and in the electric circuit including the system of piezoelectric elements 4, half-winding 2 and the capacitor 3 begins to flow electric current. The eccentricity ε of the installation of the liner 7 and the position of the piezoelectric elements of the system of piezoelectric elements 4 are chosen so that when the current reaches its maximum, the expanding liner 7 closes the gap between the half windings 2 (opposite to the installation of the capacitor 3 end of the windings, see figure 2b), closing the electrical circuit “capacitor 3 - half windings 2 ", in which electric oscillations occur, the frequency of which increases, since the further expansion of the liner 7 leads to a significant decrease in inductance (reduction in area, covering my oscillatory circuit).

The further movement of the expanding liner 7 is the movement of two points of contact “liner 7 - half winding 2” (one contact point on each of the half windings moving symmetrically), which move along the half windings 2 electrically short the part of the half windings 2 along which the liner 7 has already made electrical contact (the position of the expanding liner is shown by the dotted line in figure 26). The current-carrying elements of the circuit that are uncorrected at a given time serve as a magnetic antenna for the emission of electromagnetic waves in the radio frequency range. The generator operates in the parametric amplifier mode, the operation of the explosive charge depletion of explosive 6 of the liner 7 is performed at those times when the magnetic field of the oscillatory process is significant. The efficiency of generation is increased due to the full use of the working volume of the device due to the removal of the initial current source from this generator volume. Thus, the stated result is achieved.

Claims (1)

An autonomous generator of electromagnetic radiation of the radio frequency range, which includes a dielectric body with semi-windings of equal length located on its inner surface, a capacitor connected in series with them and an initial current source based on piezoelectric elements, a tubular liner with an explosive charge and a detonation initiator, characterized in that the end faces of the autonomous generator are fitted with end flanges with seats for the liner, ensuring the eccentricity of its mouth The settings are in relation to the semi-windings, and the piezoelectric elements of the initial current source are installed on the end flanges of the generator.

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