RU2692939C1 - Throttle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: valve industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to valve industry and can be used for control of high-temperature gases at test benches during testing of aircraft engines and their assemblies. Throttle comprises split housing consisting of front and rear parts, fixed disc arranged in housing front part and made in the form of hub with radially arranged posts, which form through holes, movable disk arranged in rear part of housing and made with through holes, shaft on which stationary and movable disks are fixed, and nut located in front part of housing, wherein between the fixed and moving discs there is coaxially installed a fixed screening disk with through holes, which correspond to through holes on fixed and movable disks, movable disk comprises three sealing circuits, where the first sealing circuit comprises sealing frames inserted into grooves made in the movable disc along the periphery of each of its through holes, second sealing circuit is located on the periphery of the shaft hole, and the third sealing circuit is located on the periphery of the movable disc, wherein second and third outlines of seals include sealing washers inserted into grooves made coaxially in movable and fixed screening discs, spring rings are installed between sealing washers, the shaft is made cooled, and the nut allows adjusting the clearance value between movable and fixed screening disks.

EFFECT: technical solution allows reducing leakage rate of gas flow at closed throttle and ensuring its serviceability at high (above 1,000 °C) temperatures.

4 cl, 13 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of valves and can be used to control the costs of high-temperature gases on the stands when testing aircraft engines and their components, as well as in the energy, chemical, metallurgical and other industries.

A throttle device is known, in a split case of which a throttling body is arranged, made in the form of coaxially mounted disks with uniformly spaced circumferentially through holes, which form continuous passage channels in the open position, at least one of the disks fixedly mounted, and the second is mounted with the possibility of axial rotation relative to the fixed disk, and cone-shaped fairings installed at the inlet and outlet of the throttle device inside its body (RU 2279006, 2006). The fairings provide the formation of the inner surface of the through holes in the inlet and outlet, providing a reduction in the resistance of the throttling unit to the working flow in the open position of the discs. The performance of the device is governed by the number of through holes in the disks, the surface area of the through holes, as well as the possibility of increasing the through diameter of the case. A disadvantage of the known technical solution is the inability to use a throttle device at temperatures close to 1000 ° C, since the concentration of stresses in the area of contact of the disks causes deformation of the fixed disk and jamming of the throttling body.

A throttle device is known, comprising a housing with a throttling body arranged therein, made in the form of coaxially mounted disks with uniformly spaced circumferentially through holes, which form continuous passage channels in the open position, one of which is fixed axially relative to fixed disk (RU 2329425, 2008). The movable and fixed discs are installed with a clearance relative to each other in the axial direction through the rolling bearing, one ring of which is connected with the movable disc and the other with a fixed disc. A disadvantage of the known technical solution is the inability to use the throttle device at temperatures above 500-600 ° C, since the deformation of the disc during heating limits the performance of the bearing and may cause the latter to jam.

The closest to the proposed invention to the technical essence and the achieved technical result is the throttle (RU 2643876, 2018). The throttle contains a split housing consisting of front and rear parts, on the outer side of which cooling shirts are made, a fixed disk placed in the front of the case and made in the form of a hub with radially arranged struts that form through holes for gas flow, a movable disk placed in the rear part of the body behind the fixed disk downstream of the fixed disk and made with through holes for gas flow, the shaft on which the fixed and movable disks are fixed, and the nut disposed Loose in the front. The shape of the through holes provides smooth control of the gas flow. The disadvantages of the known technical solutions are relatively large leakage of the working environment with a closed throttle and insufficient cooling of the shaft, because of what it cannot be used with increased requirements for the throttle leakage and temperature requirements for testing promising aircraft engines and their components.

The technical problem solved by the claimed invention is to expand the throttle control range for gas flow and improve shaft cooling.

The technical result provided by the invention, is to reduce the magnitude of the leakage of the gas stream at the closed throttle and to ensure its efficiency at high (above 1000 ° C) temperatures.

The claimed technical result is achieved due to the fact that the throttle contains a split housing consisting of front and rear parts, on the outside of which there are cooling shirts, a fixed disk placed in the front of the case and made in the form of a hub with radially spaced racks that form end-to-end openings for the flow of gas, a movable disk placed in the rear part of the body behind the fixed disk along the flow coaxially fixed disk and made with through holes for the flow of gas, the shaft on which fixed and movable discs, and a nut located in the front of the housing, and between the fixed and movable discs are fixed coaxially fixed shielding disc with through holes for gas flow, which correspond to the through holes on the fixed and movable discs, the movable disc contains three contours of seals where the first seal contour includes sealing frames inserted into grooves made in a movable disk at the periphery of each of its through holes for gas flow, sec The second seal contour is located at the periphery of the shaft hole, and the third seal contour is located at the periphery of the movable disk, the second and third contours of the seals include sealing washers inserted into grooves made coaxially in the movable and fixed shielding discs, spring rings are installed between the sealing washers, the shaft is made cooled, and the nut is made with the possibility of regulating the size of the gap between the movable and fixed shielding disks.

The sealing frames of the first seal contour can be made split.

The grooves for the sealing frames of the primary seal circuit can be made with blind holes. The sealing frame can be pressed by springs located in the blind holes of the grooves made in the movable disk on the periphery of each of its through holes for the flow of gas.

The significance of the distinctive features of the proposed technical solution is confirmed by the fact that only the totality of all the design features describing the invention is sufficient to solve this technical problem and achieve the stated technical result. Namely:

- installation of a fixed shielding disk with through holes for gas flow coaxially between the fixed and movable disks and matching the holes of the fixed shielding disk with through holes on the fixed and movable disks allows to reduce the heat supply from the movable disk to the front of the case and ensure the seal between the movable disk and the stationary shielding drive with the throttle closed;

- the first seal contour, including the sealing frames inserted into the grooves made in the movable disk along the periphery of each of its through holes for gas flow, allows to reduce hot gas leakage through the gap between the movable disk and the fixed shielding disk with the throttle closed;

- the second seal contour, located on the periphery of the shaft hole, includes sealing washers inserted in grooves made coaxially in the movable and fixed shielding discs, and a spring ring is installed between the sealing washers to reduce leakage of hot gas through the gap between the movable disc and the fixed shielding disc towards the shaft;

- the third seal contour located on the periphery of the movable disk includes sealing washers inserted in grooves made coaxially in the movable and stationary shielding disks, and a spring ring is installed between the sealing washers to reduce hot gas leakage through the gap between the movable disk and the stationary shielding disk to the side outer diameter of the movable disk;

- a nut, made with the possibility of regulating the size of the gap between the movable and fixed shielding discs, allows to ensure the optimal size of this gap, which is necessary to ensure the operability of all three sealing contours;

- performance of the shaft cooled allows to reduce its deformation during heating and increase the permissible operating temperature of the gas;

- the implementation of the sealing frame of the primary contour allows to reduce the amount of force required to deform the frame when closing the throttle, which reduces the wear of the frame and the fixed shielding disk;

- the implementation of the grooves for the sealing frames of the primary seal contour with blind holes allows the installation of springs for tightening the sealing frames;

- pressing the sealing frames with springs located in the blind holes of the grooves made in the movable disk along the periphery of each of its through holes for gas flow allows for minimum gaps between these frames and the fixed shielding disk with a fully or partially open throttle at change of temperature of the passed gas.

Thus, the technical result provided by each of the essential features of the invention, together allows you to create a choke, which will reduce the amount of gas leakage at a closed choke and ensure its efficiency at high (above 1000 ° C) temperatures.

The present invention is explained in the following detailed description of the design of the throttle and its operation with reference to the illustrations shown in FIG. 1-13, where:

in fig. 1 shows a front view of the throttle;

in fig. 2 - rear view of the throttle;

in fig. 3 is a section A-A of the throttle in FIG. one;

in fig. 4 is a cross section bB of the choke in FIG. one;

in fig. 5 — callout I in FIG. four;

in fig. 6 is callout II in FIG. four;

in fig. 7 is a cross section bb of the choke in FIG. 3;

in fig. 8 is a sectional view of the G-Y choke in FIG. 3;

in fig. 9 - movable disc with sealing frames;

in fig. 10 is a section d-d in FIG. 7 with the throttle open;

in fig. 11 — callout III in FIG. ten;

in fig. 12 is a section d-d in FIG. 7 with the throttle closed;

in fig. 13 - callout IV in FIG. 12.

FIG. 1-13, the following notation is used:

1 - the front of the case;

2 - cooling jacket, made in the front of the case;

3 - internal screens located in front of the case;

4 - a nave of a motionless disk;

5 - fixed rack drive;

6 - the rear part of the body;

7 - cooling jacket, made in the back of the case;

8 - internal screens located in the rear of the case;

9 - left camera;

10 - right camera;

11 - cooling jacket of the left chamber;

12 - cooling jacket of the right chamber;

13 - mobile disk;

14 - shaft;

15 - the bearing;

16 - the collector of the coolant;

17 - collector coolant outlet;

18 - pipe for supplying cooling medium to cooling jacket 2;

19 - pipe for supplying cooling medium to cooling jacket 7;

20 - pipe coolant from the cooling jacket 2;

21 - pipe coolant from the cooling jacket 7;

22 - bracket;

23 is a screen mounted around the perimeter of the movable disk 13;

24 - front throttle cover;

25 - a casing;

26 - front cover screen;

27 — back shaft cover;

28 - back cover screen;

29 - racks and hub screens;

30 - studs:

31 - nuts;

32 - fixed shielding disk;

33 - spring ring installed in the second circuit seal;

34 - spring ring installed in the third seal circuit;

35 - sealing frame;

36 - nut regulating the size of the gap between the disks 13 and 32;

37 - spherical liner;

38 - springs;

39 - sealing washers inserted in the second seal circuit;

40 - sealing washers inserted in the third seal circuit;

41 - through holes in the movable disk 13;

42 - through holes in the fixed disk;

43 - through holes in the fixed shielding disk 32;

44 - hole for the shaft.

The throttle contains a split housing consisting of front and rear parts 1 and 6, on the outside of which are made cooling shirts 2 and 7, a fixed disk placed in the front part 1 of the case and made in the form of a hub 4 with radially arranged posts 5 that form end-to-end openings 42 for gas flow (Fig. 8), a movable disk 13 placed in the rear part 6 of the housing behind a fixed disk downstream coaxially stationary disk and made with through holes 41 for gas flow, a shaft 14 on which a fixed disk and movable disk 13, and the nut 36, located in the front part 1 of the housing (Fig. 1-4). Between the fixed disk and the movable disk 13 there is a coaxially mounted stationary shielding disk 32 (FIG. 4) with gas flow through holes 43, which correspond to the through holes 42 and 41 on the fixed disk and the movable disk 13. The movable disk 13 contains three seal loops. The first seal contour includes sealing frames 35 inserted into the grooves made in the movable disk 13 along the periphery of each of its through holes 41 for gas flow (FIG. 9). The second seal contour is located at the periphery of the hole 44 for the shaft 14, and the third seal contour is located at the periphery of the movable disk 13. Moreover, the second and third contours of the seals include sealing washers 39 and 40 inserted into grooves made coaxially in the movable disk 13 and the fixed shielding disk 32. Spring rings 33 and 34 are installed between the sealing washers 39 and 40 (FIGS. 5, 6). The shaft 14 is made cooled. Nut 36 is made with the possibility of regulating the size of the gap between the movable disk 13 and the stationary shielding disk 32. The sealing frame 35 of the primary seal contour is made split. The grooves for the sealing frames of the first seal loop are made with blind holes. Sealing frame 35 preloaded springs 38 located in the blind holes of the grooves made in the movable disk 13 on the periphery of each of its through holes 41 for gas flow (Fig. 10-13).

The choke contains internal screens 3 located in the front part 1 of the housing, internal screens 8 located in the rear part 6 of the housing, left chamber 9 and right chamber 10 having their cooling shirts 11 and 12, bearing 15 supported on spherical liner 37, manifold 16 supply and collector 17 of the coolant from the racks 5 of the front part 1 of the housing, the nozzles 18 and 19 of the inlet and the nozzles 20 and 21 of the coolant from the cooling shirts 2 and 7 of the front part 1 and the rear part 6 of the housing. Two arms 22 are attached to the movable disk 13, through which the force from the throttle actuators is transmitted to it (not shown in the figures). Screens 23 are mounted along the perimeter of the movable disk 13. The bearing 15 is separated from the cavity of the front cover 24 of the throttle by the cover 25. The front cover 24 of the throttle is equipped with the screen 26. The rear cover 27 of the shaft 14 is equipped with the screen 28. The supports 5 of the front part 1 of the housing and the hub 4 are equipped with screens 29 The front part 1 and the rear part 6 of the body are connected by means of studs 30 and nuts 31 (see FIGS. 3, 4, 7).

The choke works as follows. Before starting the gas flow through the throttle, the throttle cooling system is turned on. The internal screens 3 and 8 protect the front part 1 of the housing and the rear part 6 of the throttle body from exposure to high-temperature gas flow. Shirts cooling 2 and 7 provide heat removal flow of the cooling medium from the walls and flanges of the front part 1 and the rear part 6 of the case. Coolant is supplied to shirts 2 and 7 through nozzles 18 and 19, and retraction through nozzles 20 and 21. Hub 4 is attached to the front part 1 of the body using racks 5 and receives axial force from the pressure drop on the movable disk 13, which is transmitted through a cooled shaft 14, a nut 36, a bearing 15 and a spherical liner 37. The hub 4 and the pillars 5 are protected from the effects of high-temperature gas flow screens 29. The cooling medium, cooling the hub 4 and the pillars 5, is supplied through the collectors 16, and the cooling medium is removed cher manifolds 17. The housing 25 separates the bearing 15 from the cooling medium flowing in the gap between the casing 25 and the front cover 24, throttle. The front cover 24 is protected from exposure to high-temperature gas flow screen 26. If necessary, change the flow rate of the gas flow passing through the throttle, turn on the throttle actuators, which through the brackets 22 cause the disk 13 to rotate relative to the front part 1 of the housing. When this occurs, the area of the flow section changes, change in throttle resistance value. In the "open" position, the through holes 41 for gas flow on the movable disk 13 are aligned with the through holes 42 of the front part 1 of the housing and the through holes 43 of the fixed shielding disk 32. At the same time, the throttle provides the minimum resistance to flow. In the closed position, the holes 41 on the movable disk 13 are aligned with the stands of the fixed disk 5 and the bridges between the holes 43 of the fixed shielding disk 32, while the throttle provides maximum resistance to flow. The drives are mounted on the right and left chambers 10 and 9 of the rear part 6 of the housing. The chambers 9 and 10 have their cooling shirts 11 and 12. The back cover 27 of the shaft 14 is protected from the effects of high-temperature gas flow by screen 28. The screen 23 placed around the perimeter of the movable disk 13 protects the rear part 6 of the body from the effects of high-temperature gas flow. The front part 1 and the rear part 6 of the body are connected using studs 30 and nuts 31. Spring rings 33 and 34 seal the gap between the movable disk 13 and the fixed shielding disk 32 on the inner and outer diameters using sealing washers 39 and 40. Sealing frame 35 make the seal of the gap between the movable disk 13 and the fixed shielding disk 32 along the contour of the through holes 41 for the gas flow in the movable disk 13. Compression of the frames 35 to the disk 32 is provided by springs 38. The size of this gap is regulated by zhkoy nut 36. The spring ring 33 prevents the penetration of gas flow toward the opening portion 44 for the shaft 14 in the movable disk 13. The spring ring 34 prevents the penetration of the gas flow portion towards the periphery of the movable disk 13.

Thus, the use of a cooled shaft, spring rings and split sealing frames along the contour of each through hole for gas flow on a movable disk, pressed by a shielding disk and springs allows you to create a compact, reliable, technological and efficient design of the throttle, allowing to reduce the amount of leakage of the working medium in a closed position and ensure the requirements for chokes in the process of testing promising aircraft engines and their components.

Claims (4)

1. A choke containing a split housing consisting of front and rear parts, on the outer side of which cooling shirts are made, a fixed disk placed in the front part of the case and made in the form of a hub with radially spaced struts that form through holes for gas flow, movable a disk placed in the rear part of the body behind the fixed disk downstream of the axis of the fixed disk and made with through holes for gas flow, the shaft on which the fixed and movable disks are fixed, and the nut, located in the front of the housing, characterized in that between the fixed and movable disks there is a fixed shielding disk with through holes for gas flow, which correspond to through holes on the fixed and movable disks, the movable disk contains three sealing contours, where the first sealing contour includes sealing frames inserted into grooves made in a movable disk along the periphery of each of its through holes for gas flow; the second seal contour is located along the periphery There are holes for the shaft, and the third seal contour is located on the periphery of the movable disk, the second and third contours of the seals include sealing washers inserted into grooves made coaxially in the movable and stationary shielding discs, spring rings are installed between the sealing washers, and the nut is made with the ability to control the size of the gap between the movable and fixed shielding discs. 2. The choke according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing frames of the first seal loop are made split. 3. The throttle p. 1, characterized in that the grooves for the sealing frames of the first contour of the seal is made with blind holes. 4. The throttle p. 3, characterized in that the sealing frame preloaded by springs located in the blind holes of the grooves made in the movable disk on the periphery of each of its through holes for the flow of gas.

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