RU2690104C1 - Method of mud treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention refers to physiotherapy, and can be used for mud cure. That is ensured by applicators or applications of two therapeutic muds having different electrochemical potentials, placed on patient's body areas requiring therapeutic exposure, placing electrodes on them, which are connected by metal conductor to a recording instrument.EFFECT: method provides simplification of procedures in the absence of discomfort during the procedure, allergic reactions and skin burns due to absence of an external current source and use of dirt cleaned from foreign inclusions.4 cl, 2 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to the field of mud therapy, and can be used in the rehabilitation treatment and medical rehabilitation of patients with various non-communicable diseases, namely diseases of the musculoskeletal system, digestive system, nervous system, gynecological diseases, urological diseases, diseases of internal organs .

Therapeutic mud is a complex physico-chemical system in the structure of which the following components are distinguished: crystalline skeleton (skeleton), colloidal complex and mud solution (Physiotherapy and balneology / edited by VM Bologyubov. Book I. - Moscow: Ed. BINOM , 2008.). In fact, the dirt is a natural electrolyte. With this in mind, methods were developed for the combined use of dirt with electric currents to enhance the therapeutic effect (Physiotherapy / textbook - G.Sh. Gafiyatullina, VP Omelchenko, etc. - Moscow: GOETAR-Media, 2010).

However, the use of such a combination of different procedures (mud therapy and electric current) revealed a number of contraindications, the main of which is the intolerance of electric current, manifested in the form of vegeto-vascular reactions, local allergic reactions limited to the area of contact of electrodes, irritation of the skin. In addition, the procedure can cause local skin burns with electric current (Physiotherapy: national leadership / ed. By GN Ponomarenko. - M .: GEOTAR-Media, 2009; Vorobev MG, Parfenov AP - Physiotherapy and balneology - L. - 1982; Physiotherapy and balneology / under the editorship of VM Bologyubov (Book I. - M: Ed. BINOM, 2008).

There is a method of electro-mud treatment, including the imposition in the area of the projection of the diseased organ applicators in the form of cotton bags filled with curative mud heated to a temperature of 38-42 ° C. On one of the applicators place the cathode, and on the other - the anode. In this case, the dirt performs the function of a hydrophilic gasket, the electrodes are covered with oilcloth and sandbags are placed on them. Then an electric current with a density of 0.05 ÷ 0.06 mA / cm ² is fed to the electrodes for 20-30 minutes. The course of treatment ranges from 15 to 20 procedures (Kholopov AP - Mud therapy. - Krasnodar, 2003).

In the known method, the use of an external current source in a number of patients causes a negative emotional reaction to an electrical device. In addition, some patients experience allergic reactions and skin irritation caused by individual intolerance to electric current. In addition, the possibility of errors in determining the magnitude of the supplied current is not excluded, which can lead to local skin burns in the area of the electrode abutment. In addition, the effectiveness of the procedure is reduced due to the lack of special cleaning mud from impurities, which leads to a weakening of the action of the active components of the mud.

The closest analogue of the developed method can recognize the method of electro-mud (patent RU 2377030). The method includes heating applicators containing pre-homogenized Tambukan mud to 36-38 ° C. Heated applicators are placed on the projection of the diseased organ. Then on the applicators place the electrodes, on one - the cathode, and on the other - the anode. A constant electric current with a density of 0.03-0.07 mA / cm ^{2 is} applied to the electrodes.

This method cannot be used to treat patients with hypersensitivity to the effects of electric current due to the development of vegetative-vascular reactions, skin irritation at the points of contact of the electrodes. In addition, this technique uses homogenized (i.e., ground or ground) dirt, which may contain crushed impurities (sand, plant residues, household waste), which in turn may reduce the effectiveness of the therapeutic effect and the comfort of the procedure.

The objective of the invention is to develop a method of mud, including the effects of electric current, devoid of the above disadvantages.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of treatment, eliminating undesirable consequences, such as allergic reactions, irritation of the skin, local skin burns.

The result is achieved due to the fact that applicators or applications of two different therapeutic muds of electrochemical potentials, which are placed on electrodes connected by a metal conductor, are placed on the area of the patient's body to be affected. Also, a switch and a recording device or indicator are entered into the system. A microammeter or galvanometer can be used as a recording instrument.

In the proposed method of mud cure, the therapeutic effect is enhanced not by connecting the patient to an external current source, but by the action of an electric current resulting from the conversion of chemical energy of various types of mud into electrical energy, that is, without an external current source.

In the known methods of electrical mud therapy, mud applications or applicators are used as hydrophilic conductive gaskets for electrode plates (anode and cathode) connected to an external source of electrical current. The current passes through the circuit: patient - application 1 - anode - external source - recording device - cathode - application 2 - patient. Current characteristics are determined by an external source. Applications 1 and 2 are made of the same dirt, and one application is enough, since the electric current is generated by an external source.

According to the developed method, the electric current is generated not by an external source, but by the system itself. The dirt A — the patient — the dirt K. The dirt A and K must have different electrochemical potentials. This system forms a kind of chemical current source (CET). In addition, the used dirt is pre-cleaned from foreign inclusions larger than 0.15 mm.

The widely used HITs are devices for converting chemical energy into electrical energy (see, for example, “Chemical Current Sources” / Varypayev VN, Dasoyan MA, Nikolsky V. А. М .: Higher School, 1990). They have different designs, but generally consist of two electrodes immersed in electrolytes. The negatively charged anode is immersed in electrolyte A containing a reducing agent, and a positively charged cathode is immersed in electrolyte K containing an oxidizing agent. The electrolytes A and K are interconnected by a neutral electrolyte, which is called a salt bridge. A potential difference is established between the electrodes. When the external circuit is closed, electric current arises in the circuit as a result of spatially separated processes: at the anode the reducing agent is oxidized, the resulting free electrons, creating a discharge current, pass through the external circuit to the cathode, where the oxidizer is reduced. The scheme of the classic HIT is presented in figure 1.

The figures depict:

Figure 1: Diagram of a classic chemical current source.

Figure 2: Scheme of the developed method of mud therapy.

To implement the developed method of mud cure, mud applicators or applications from two muds A and K differing in electrochemical potentials, which come into contact with the patient's skin and electrodes, are placed on different parts of the patient’s skin. Mud applications perform the functions of electrolyte A and electrolyte K. The patient's body plays the role of a salt bridge. Metal electrodes are the anode and cathode. When this developed HIT is closed, that is, when the electrodes are connected through a registering device (galvanometer, microammeter) in the circuit, the patient - mud application A - anode - recording device - cathode - mud application K - the patient naturally produces an electric current. This current is the result of the conversion of the chemical energy of dirt into electrical energy, and is not generated by an external source. The current is in the range from units to hundreds of microamps, comparable to the current with the known methods of electro-mud therapy; this current is not felt by the patient, does not cause allergic reactions and skin burns. The implementation scheme of the developed method of mud is presented in figure 2.

The developed method of mud therapy was implemented in the St. Petersburg clinical sanatorium "Dunes". For the procedures, two muds were used jointly, for example, sulphate ferric gitty clay from the Sestroretskoye deposit (St. Petersburg) and the sulphide silt sea mud from the Kiziltash Liman deposit (Anapa, Krasnodar Territory). Separately, both muds are actively used in the practice of sanatorium-resort treatment and have proven effectiveness in numerous publications.

The differences in the electrochemical potentials of these muds make them suitable for use in the developed method of mud therapy. The sulphate-ferruginous guitty clay from the Sestroretskoye deposit is an oxidizing agent (it acts as electrolyte K). Sulfide silt mud from the Kiziltashsky Liman deposit is a reducing agent (it acts as electrolyte A).

Procedures for procedures, indications and contraindications consistent with generally accepted during mud therapy and electro-mud therapy (Physiotherapy: national leadership / edited by GN Ponomarenko. - M .: GEOTAR-Media, 2009)

Mud cakes (applications) were applied to areas of the body that are subject to the effects of therapeutic mud. Standard electrodes for electrophoresis were placed on the applications, which were interconnected by a metal conductor. In the gap conductor installed microammeter. Places of impact wrapped sheets and blankets. In the resulting closed loop, an electrical current naturally arises. The recording device is needed for information. It does not affect the processes. The standard time for procedures is 20-25 minutes. The number of procedures is also standard - 10-12 (Physiotherapy: national leadership / edited by GN Ponomarenko. - Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2009. - p. 326-333).

The developed method of mud therapy is illustrated by an example of its clinical use.

Patient P., 59 years old. Diagnosis: bilateral osteoarthritis of the knee joints of stage 1. Disease duration 2 months. Upon receipt of a complaint of the same nature and intensity of pain in the knee joints, aggravated by the end of the day, when going down the stairs, pain at rest, night pain. The functions of the joints are not impaired, the deformation is absent. Acceptance of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is contraindicated due to chronic gastric ulcer. The patient refused electrophysiotherapeutic procedures due to intolerance of electric current. Assigned mud without the use of external power sources. On the outer and inner side of one knee joint gauze bags with different dirt sized 10 * 10 cm were applied. Electrodes measuring 8 * 8 cm were put on the bags, preventing contact of the electrodes with the skin. The locations were changed with each procedure. During the first procedure, the dirt of the Sestroretskoye deposit was placed on the outer sides of both joints, and the Kiziltash Liman deposit was placed on the inner sides. In the second procedure, the dirt of the Kiziltash Liman deposit was placed on the outer sides of both joints, and the Sestroretskoye deposit dirt on the inner sides and so on. Used dirt room temperature 22 ° C. The area of the knee joints wrapped with plastic wrap and a towel. The procedure time was 20 minutes. Dirt used once. On the left knee joint, the electrodes were connected with a metal conductor; they did not do this on the right joint. Procedures were performed for 20 minutes daily blind for the patient by the method. The course consisted of 10 procedures. No other joint treatment has been performed.

After 3 procedures, the patient noted a slight but distinct decrease in pain in the left joint, while the pain in the right joint did not change. At the end of the course, the pain in the left knee joint disappeared during the daytime, and decreased significantly at night, while in the right knee it decreased only slightly. A month after the cessation of treatment, the situation did not change and, at the request of the patient, the course was repeated, but the electrodes located on the right joint were connected with a metal conductor, and they did not do this on the left.

By the end of the second course, the pain in both joints, both during the day and at night, almost disappeared. After 3 months, the achieved effect was preserved without tangible changes. The long-term outcome of treatment is regarded as good.

According to this method, 32 patients were treated. The control groups consisted of 97 patients, of whom 54 patients were treated according to the classical method of pelotherapy, and 43 - using the method of electroplating.

All patients of the study and control groups were comparable in terms of the main clinical indicators: sex, age, disease duration, degree of functional impairment.

A comparative study of the results of treating patients in the study and control groups found that using the mud therapy method without external current sources has a more pronounced positive clinical effect compared to conventional mud therapy techniques. In comparison with methods of electroplating, the results can be considered comparable. At the same time, there were no reactions of intolerance to electric current in the patients of the studied group, and in the control group, a similar reaction was observed in 4 patients.

Thus, the advantages of the developed method are good tolerability, the possibility of using in complex treatment of patients who are contraindicated in the use of other methods of treatment and standard physiotherapy procedures, simplicity and safety of use.

Claims (4)

1. A method of mud therapy, including the imposition of mud applicators or applications with electrodes on the human body, characterized in that the applicators or applications of two therapeutic muds having different electrochemical potentials are placed on areas of the patient's body that require therapeutic treatment, with electrodes placed on them, which connect the metal conductor with a recording device. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that use therapeutic mud, pre-cleaned from foreign inclusions. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that a microammeter is used as a recording instrument. 4. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that a galvanometer is used as a recording instrument.

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