RU2687845C1 - Broadband short-wave antenna integrated into ship superstructure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering and communications.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to radio engineering and can be used as transmitting or receiving shipboard antenna of short-wave range. Antenna is proposed for transmitting or receiving radio-frequency waves on a ship using a radiating element mounted in a ship structure made from a material which is transparent to an electromagnetic field. Radiating element is vertical conductor, length of which does not exceed half the wavelength of maximum frequency of short-wave (SW) range of 30 MHz. Exciting element is a matching transformer for matching an asymmetric output of a short-wave transmitter with a symmetrical input of the emitting element.

EFFECT: increasing operating length of radiator due to anti-phase excitation in radiating element.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of radio and can be used as a transmitting or receiving ship antenna short-range.

Known antennas that use the elements of the structure of the ship, to emit or receive electromagnetic fields.

Transmission coupler antenna. US 5014068, 07/05/1991.

A broadband HF antenna fully integrated on naval ship. EP 2278659, 01/26/2011.

The closest in technical essence of the present invention is an invention of EP 2278659, 26.01.2011.

An antenna for transmitting or receiving radio frequency waves on a ship, including the radiating and exciting elements connected to the radiating element.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that the metal superstructure of the ship is used as the antenna. Currently, there is a steady tendency to replace the metal with materials that are transparent to electromagnetic fields or absorb its energy. This is due to the need to reduce the reflected signal level of a potential enemy radar station in order to make it difficult to detect the ship and identify it from the reflected signal.

The aim of the invention is to increase the effective length of the emitter due to antiphase excitation in the radiating element.

This goal is achieved by the fact that a broadband short-wave antenna integrated into the ship's superstructure, including a radiating element and an excitation element connected to the radiating element, the radiating element being a vertical conductor whose length does not exceed half the wavelength of the maximum frequency of the short-wave (KB) range 30 MHz, built into the surface of the ship's superstructure, made of a material transparent to electromagnetic waves, and the exciting element It is a matching transformer for matching an unbalanced output of a short-wave transmitter with a symmetrical input of a radiating element, two high-frequency cables, each of which is connected at one end to one of two balanced outputs of a matching transformer Bottom and top high-frequency signals KB range radiating element is a vertical conductor.

The drawing shows the block diagram of the proposed antenna. The designations adopted in the drawing are as follows:

1. matching transformer with balanced output;

2. high frequency cables;

3. radiating element;

4. ship design element of a material that is transparent to electromagnetic fields.

When transmitting information over the radio channel in the KB range, the signal from the transmitter is fed to the input of a matching transformer with a balanced output. From the output of the matching transformer, a high-frequency (i.e.) signal from two i.e. in antiphase to the feeders, it is fed to the opposite ends of the radiating element embedded in the ship's structural element transparent to the electromagnetic field. In this case, the voltage at the upper point of the radiating element will vary in accordance with the expression u _B = U _m cos (wt), and at the lower point - u _H = -U _m cos (wt). The potential difference between these points is 2U _m cos (wt).

As a result of antiphase excitation in the radiating element arise incl. current oscillations with a circular frequency w, the energy of which is converted into the energy of electromagnetic waves. At the same time, the effective length of the antenna, the “radiating element”, will be equal to the length of the radiating element, unlike the prototype antenna, which is excited asymmetrically at one point and at the extreme upper point of the ship’s excited metal structure, the current will be zero, as in all antennas type, which reduces the effective length of the radiator. (Handbook of radio electronics. T. 1. Under the editorship of AA Kulikovsky. - M .: Energia, 1967, p. 281, 287.)

When working on the reception to the input terminal of the matching transformer connects the receiving device. In this case, in accordance with the principle of duality (Radio Engineering: Encyclopedia / Edited by Yu.L. Mazor, E.A. Machussky, V.I. Pravdy. - M .: DMK Press. 2016), induced by an alternating electromagnetic field on antenna - "radiating element" EMF is transmitted to the input of the receiving device, tuned to one of the frequencies of the KB range, since the geometric size of the antenna is chosen from the condition of ensuring work in the KB range.

Claims (1)

An antenna for transmitting or receiving radiofrequency waves on a ship, including radiating and excitation elements, connected to the radiating element, characterized in that the radiating element is a vertical conductor, the length of which does not exceed half the wavelength of the maximum frequency of the short-wave (30 MHz) band, mounted into the surface of the ship's superstructure, made of a material that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, and the exciting element is a matching transformer for balancing the unbalanced output of a short-wave transmitter with a symmetrical input of a radiating element; the antenna contains two high-frequency cables, each of which is connected at one end to one of the two balanced outputs of a matching transformer, and the second end is connected to one of the two inputs of the radiating element exciting in antiphase from the bottom and on top of the high-frequency signals of the KB range, and the radiating element is a vertical conductor.

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