RU2687242C2 - Generator of flywheel mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in engines for supply of ignition system, lighting and automation devices. Flywheel generator comprises a movable part - a flywheel with permanent magnets equipped with pole stepped tips, and a fixed part - a base with power and control and generator windings placed on magnetic conductors with stepped magnetic shoes. Permanent magnets are located on the entire surface of each pole tip of a stepped type and without a gap are fixed to the inner surface of the ring of magnetically soft material. Outer surface of pole tip is larger than its inner surface and is determined by allowable internal magnetic resistance of magnetic circuit empirically. Pole magnetically soft magnetic conductors are installed without a gap on the inner surface of the ring in the gap between permanent magnets with pole tips so that during rotation of the flywheel one of magnetic shoes of the magnetic conductor with power or control winding is located opposite to the permanent magnet with pole tip, then the second magnetic shoe of this magnetic conductor is always located opposite pole magnetic core with an air gap between them.

EFFECT: technical result consists in improvement of efficiency of using magnets and range of adjustment of advance angle of ignition when changing number of revolutions of flywheel per unit time.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of electrical equipment for internal combustion engines and can be used in any engines to power the ignition system, lighting and automation devices.

The level of technology

Known alternating current flywheel generator for a vehicle [Russian patent №2187690, publication date 2002.08.20], which contains a rotor in the form of a flywheel with a landing cone and a permanent magnet made of magnetic Nd-Fe-B magnetic field in the form of pole sections, magnetized in series N and S. In this generator the magnetomotive force in the magnetic circuit of the coil is created by two series-connected bipolar magnets, the total thickness of which is not less than the sum of two minimum possible thicknesses of each of magnets. This causes a significant magnetic internal resistance comparable to the air gap resistance between the stator and rotor poles.

Reasons for not achieving a technical result:

To achieve significant generator power, the magnet thickness must increase, and the internal magnetic resistance may become greater than the magnetic resistance of the external magnetic circuit, consisting of the magnetic cores and air gaps. Further increasing the generator power by increasing the thickness of the magnets will become impossible, and the efficiency of use when rotating the flywheel if one of the magnetic shoes of the magnetic core with a power or control winding is located opposite the permanent magnet with a pole tip, the second magnetic shoe of this magnetic core is always opposite the polar magnetic core with the minimum possible air gap between them.

Known generator Magdino outboard motor "Neptune" ["Outboard boat motor" Neptune 23E ", instruction manual. Moscow, 2005]. This generator is built into the flywheel of non-magnetic material (aluminum). To create a closed magnetic circuit in such a flywheel, a magnet with magnetization N-S or S-N, a magnetic conductive material, a magnet with opposite magnetization S-N or N-S are arranged on the inner surface of its rim. In this case, the poles of the magnet are located at a distance equal to the long side of the magnet, the magnetic internal resistances are large and also add up.

Reasons for not achieving a technical result:

When using high-energy magnets Nd-Fe-B, this design of the magnetic system of the flywheel gives a very low efficiency of use of the magnet. In addition, the gap between the poles of the stator magnetic cores and the rotor of the generator during rotation of the flywheel changes abruptly and therefore the range of adjustment of the ignition timing when the flywheel turns is small - about (17 ÷ 20) °.

Known magnetogenerator [patent of Russia No. 2211365, publication date 2003.08.27], taken as a prototype. This generator contains a movable part - a flywheel with permanent magnets equipped with pole pieces, and a fixed base with power and control coils on cores with rounded pole shoes placed on it, the shoes of the control coil core being made with a span equal to 2/3 of the pole pieces .

Reasons for not achieving a technical result:

If the pole tip is made in the form of a sector with an area equal to 3/2 of the pole shoe area, and the magnet area is equal to the pole tip area, which limits the possibility of reducing the internal magnetic resistance of the magnet. Performing pole pieces in the form of a sector limits the range of automatic adjustment of the ignition timing. In addition, this design of the magnetogenerator is possible only in flywheels made of magnetic conductive material.

Those. limited use, applications of the flywheel generator in various boat motors.

Disclosure of the invention

The technical problem is to create a handwheel generator aimed at expanding the scope of outboard motors.

The technical result is aimed at improving the efficiency of use of magnets, to increase the range of adjustment of the ignition timing when changing the speed of the flywheel per unit of time.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a flywheel generator containing a movable part — a flywheel with permanent magnets equipped with stepped pole pieces, and a fixed part — a base with power and control and generator windings on magnetic cores with stepped magnetic shoes placed on it, additionally contains permanent magnets, which are located over the entire surface of each pole tip of the stepped type and without a gap are attached to the inner surface of the ring of magnetic rods th material, the outer surface of the pole tip area over the inner surface thereof and defined allowable internal magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit empirically.

In addition, the generator contains a magnetic magnetic cores of magnetic material, installed without a gap on the inner surface of the ring in the gap between the permanent magnets with pole pieces so that during rotation of the flywheel, if one of the magnetic shoes of the magnetic circuit with the power or control winding is opposite the permanent magnet with the pole tip, the second magnetic shoe of this magnetic circuit is always located opposite the pole magnetic circuit with an air gap between them from 0.2 mm to 0.7 mm.

The invention is illustrated figure.

Where:

1. Plates of the loading coil

2. Plate coil generator

3. Generator coil

4. Charging coil

5. Movable part

6. Pole magnetic conductive stepped configuration

7. Control coil plates

8. Permanent magnets

9. Coil control

10. Grooves adjusting ignition

11. Mass potential terminal

12. Fixing position plates of electrical steel

13. Compound

14. Fasteners assembly position

15. Foot pole

16. Fixed part

17. Passage of electrical wiring

18. Positional feet

19. Bolt fixation of the control coil assembly

20. Magnetic conductive ring

21. Rotor Assembly (flywheel)

22. Stator assembly

The flywheel generator contains a ring of magnetically soft material embedded in a flywheel made of magnetic conductive or non-magnetic conductive material. Permanent magnets are permanently fixed inside the ring with pole stepped tips and pole magnetic circuits (poles) with stepped shoes with control and power windings fixed to the motor and are the generator stator. Between the poles of the generator coils, control and charging coil there is an air gap to allow the rotor to rotate relative to the stator. The poles and the coils are located relative to each other so that when one of the poles is located opposite the coil, the second is opposite. The shape of the side surfaces and pole stages is selected depending on the required law of changing the ignition timing when changing the speed of the flywheel.

When solving the problem, the basic relations describing the operation of the generator are taken into account:

where U is the EMF from the generator winding;

F is the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit with a winding;

EM - magnetomotive force of a permanent magnet;

VM is the volume of magnetic material;

RM is magnetic resistance;

RBH. - internal magnetic resistance of the permanent magnet;

RMP - magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit;

ρm is the specific magnetic resistance of the permanent magnet;

d is the thickness of the permanent magnet between its poles;

S is the area of the permanent magnet;

≡ - the sign of proportionality.

It can be seen from the above relations that the efficiency of using magnets increases with an increase in the area of the magnet S and a decrease in its thickness d with a constant volume VM.

The implementation of the invention

Handwheel generator works as follows. During the rotation of the flywheel 21 with poles of stepped 6 and permanent magnets 8 filled with magnetically conductive compound 13 pass near magnetic coils 3, 4, 9, while the magnetic flux in a closed magnetic circuit consisting of a permanent magnet 8 with control 9 or power 3 and charging coils, closes the magnetic flux passing at the moment of time through the plates of the control coil 7, the plates of the charging coil 1 and the plates of the generating coil 2 first increases and then decreases. This change induces an emf in control 7 and power 8 windings. The law of change of the magnetic flux, and hence the EMF in the windings, is determined by the law of change of the magnetic resistance of the entire magnetic circuit as a whole, in which the variable value when the rotor rotates relative to the stator 22. It is the law of changing this gap that determines the size and shape of the EMF in the winding. In the present invention, the change of the gap is smooth and long-lasting, and in the analogues it is stepwise. A smooth change in the EMF of the control winding allows you to increase the range of adjustment of the ignition timing and install on the adjustment grooves 10.

The efficiency of using a permanent magnet increases due to an increase in the outer surface of the pole plate and, therefore, the area of the permanent magnet (S) that is located on it, which allows to reduce the thickness (d) of the permanent magnet. Both of these parameters reduce the internal magnetic resistance (RVN) at a constant magnetomotive force (EM) and increase the magnetic flux (F) and the EMF induced in the winding. For a given EMF of the winding, you can reduce the amount of expensive magnetic material VM.

The scope of the flywheel generator is expanded by the use of a ring of magnetic material 1, which gives the magnetic system a functional completeness. Such a magnetic system will work both in the magnetic flywheel 2 and in the flywheel 2 of non-magnetic material.

Thus, the tasks are completely solved in the generator flywheel of the proposed design.

The invention has been implemented in prototypes of the generators of the flywheel boat engines "Neptune", "AZP" (flywheels made of aluminum) and the boat motor "Whirlwind" (flywheel made of steel). The flywheel of these outboard motors used a unified magnetic system. Photo generator flywheel outboard motor is shown in the drawing. Permanent magnets made of Nd-Fe-B alloy with a thickness of up to 6 mm. The area of the magnet is 2160 mm2, the area of the inner surface of the pole plate is 1138 mm2, that is, the area gain is 1.9 times, and the magnetic resistance of the permanent magnets is 3.8 times. The saving of magnetic material is approximately 30%. The range of adjustment of the ignition timing is expanded from 20 ° to 32 ° with a change in the speed of the flywheel from 200 rpm to 6000 rpm.

Charging coil plates, coil generating coil plates, generating coil, charging coil, moving part, magnetically conductive pole of stepped configuration, control coil plate, permanent magnets, control coil, adjusting ignition angle grooves, ground potential terminal, electrical steel position plate fasteners, magnetically conductive compound, position assembly, foot pole, fixed part, electrical wiring passage, positional feet, coil assembly fixation bolt board, ring conductive closure for clarity, handwheel generator is shown on the reverse side.

Claims (1)

Flywheel generator, containing a movable part - a flywheel with permanent magnets equipped with pole stepped tips, and a fixed part - a base with power and control windings placed on it with magnetic conductors with stepped magnetic shoes, characterized in that it additionally has a fixed inside the flywheel coaxially with it a ring of magnetic material, and the permanent magnets are located over the entire surface of each pole stepped tip and without a gap attached to the inner the surface of the ring of magnetic material, while the outer surface of the pole stepped tip has a large inner surface and is determined by the permissible internal magnetic resistance of the permanent magnet, and the pole tip foot provides a smooth transition of the magnetization and demagnetization phases of the step shoes, excluding the abrupt values of induced derivatives, moreover, the generator contains a magnetic cores of magnetic material, installed without a gap on the inside the bottom surface of the ring in the gap between the permanent magnets with pole tips so that when the flywheel rotates, if one of the magnetic stepped magnetic shoes with a power or control winding is opposite the permanent magnet with a stepped pole, the second magnetic stepped magnetic shoe of this magnetic core is always opposite the stepped pole magnetic circuit with the minimum possible air gap between them.

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