RU26850U1 - DEFECTOSCOPE - Google Patents

Description

The utility model relates to electrical engineering, and more particularly to electrical flaw detectors.

Known flaw detectors selected as an analogue (Kovalev A.V., Kozlov V.N., Samokrutov A.A., Shevaldposh V.G., Yakovlev N.N. Pulse echo method for concrete control. Interference and spatial selection / / Defectoscopy, 1990. No. 2. P. 29 - 4.) which is designed to search for voids and cracks inside reinforced concrete structures with unilateral access to the control object. It consists of an electronic unit with a graphic liquid crystal screen and a film keyboard, a 24-element antenna device and additional ultrasonic transducers of longitudinal and transverse waves. This flaw detector displays echo signals in the form of a conventional A-scan (SEARCH) or a two-dimensional image of the material section, i.e. B-scan (LAYER). The image of the section is represented by 1 echo signals on the screen plane in coordinates the depth and width of the viewing field. To obtain such an image, the antenna device is rearranged along the surface of the test structure along a straight line with a certain step and the received signals are recorded. On the screen, a cross-section of the material appears over the entire viewing depth with a width equal to the distance between the first and last position of the angular device. In this image, echoes that exceed the level chosen by the operator give dark marks on the screen.

The main disadvantage of the analogue is that this defectoscope has a complex structure and a computer is necessary for the enhanced ability to observe signals, analyze them and record.

IPC G 01N 23/18 Flaw detector.

Known flaw detector, selected as a prototype (Instructions for the maintenance of supporting structures of the contact network. K146-96. M .: Transizdat, 1996. - 120 S.) 2. This device is designed to determine the bearing capacity of the support of the contact network of electrified railways. It consists of an electronic meter with a digital indicator of the measurement results and two ultrasonic transducers built into its body with a dry acoustic contact. One transducer is a source of ultrasonic vibrations, the second is a receiver. Both transducers are pressed against the surface of the part to be monitored and, using an electronic meter, measure the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave from the source to the receiver (through the thickness of the support). This time depends on the presence or absence of cracks and inhomogeneities in the array of the controlled part.

The need for ultrasonic transducers leads to a complex design of the prototype, which is its main disadvantage.

The authors were faced with the task of simplifying the design of the flaw detector.

This problem was solved as follows, in a flaw detector containing an electronic meter with an indicator connected in series with a power source, the electronic meter is a capacitance meter, the inputs of which are connected to plates of electrically conductive material.

The proposed device is shown in Fig. An electronic meter 1 with indicator 2, which is a capacitance meter, for example, a universal type meter - TESLA BM 591 (Fremke A.V., Dushin E.M. Electrical measurements L .: Energy, 1980. - p.204) connect to

power source 3.

The inputs 4 of the electronic meter 1 are connected to plates 5 made of an electrically conductive material, for example, aluminum or copper. Between the plates 5 is a section of the support 6, which contains iron reinforcement 7.

The operation of the device is as follows: The portion of the support 6, containing the iron armature 7, is located between the plates 5. Then the power supply 3 is turned on, under the influence of which in a circuit consisting of series-connected electronic meter 1, the plates 5, the portion of the support 6 containing iron the armature 7 begins to flow current (/), under the action of which the electronic meter 1 measures the capacity of the portion of the support 6 between the plates 5. According to the formula C, where S is the relative permeability of the portion of the support 6,, d

electric constant, this capacity depends on the dielectric constant, 5 part of the support 6 between the plates 5. If e is clean

iron is 10 (Atabekov G.I., Kupalyan S.D., Timofeev A.B., Khukhrikov S.S. Theoretical foundations of electrical engineering. - 4th ed. - 4.2.3. - M .: Energy, 1979. - P.415, then s of rusty iron 3 (Scorcheletti VV Theoretical electrochemistry. - 3rd ed. - L .: Chemistry, 1970. - P.368). Thus, depending on the state of the iron reinforcement 7 on indicator 2, which can be executed in the form of an electronic meter scale, an indication of the capacitance value, which depends on s, will appear. Indicator 2 (pressed) can be calibrated to the degree of rust of the iron reinforcement. It is made using samples containing reinforcement with a known degree of rust.

part of the support 6 since the relative dielectric constant of air is 1 and different from the dielectric constant of concrete, the capacity of section 6 depends on the presence of cracks and voids in it; in this connection, this device can also detect defects (cracks and voids) of section 6 of the support.

As you can see the inventive flaw detector is characterized by a simplified design, because It does not contain sophisticated ultrasound equipment.

Claims (1)

A flaw detector comprising an electronic meter with an indicator connected in series with a power source, characterized in that the electronic meter is a capacitance meter, the terminals of which are connected to plates of electrically conductive material.