RU2684546C2 - Platform for takeoff and landing aircraft, self-propelled on rails - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to aircraft engineering, namely, to takeoff and landing equipment. Self-propelled platform (1) for takeoff and landing comprises wheels (6) and platform (2) for arrangement and fixation of aircraft (3), damper (5), accumulator (10), current collector (11), fixed protective side panels (12) installed on both sides along rails (7). Platform is made with possibility of movement along said rails (7) installed on concrete substrate (8). Recuperative electric drive (9) is made with possibility of braking at run after landing of aircraft (3) on platform (2) due to transformation of kinetic energy of aircraft and platform into electricity.

EFFECT: invention allows reducing aircraft weight, impact loads during aircraft landing, and increasing aircraft service life.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to aircraft, and in particular to means for providing takeoff and landing of an airplane and a method for their implementation.

State of the art

Known means for providing take-off and landing of the aircraft in the form of a chassis built into the structure of the aircraft, not retractable and retractable into the internal cavity of the aircraft glider in flight. For example, aircraft Tu-204, IL 96-300, MiG-31 and others, operated for a long time.

The disadvantages of this design are as follows:

- A large mass of the landing gear and its control system (5 ... 6% of the mass of the aircraft).

- Large internal airframe volume occupied by retracted landing gear.

- Deterioration of the aerodynamic qualities of the aircraft due to the presence of internal cavities to accommodate the retracted landing gear and the flaps covering it in flight.

- Deterioration of the aerodynamic qualities of the aircraft wing due to the need to introduce into its design interceptors and shields for braking the aircraft on the run after landing.

- The complexity of the design, and, as a consequence, the high cost of the chassis system.

- High failure rate of the chassis system.

- High complexity of chassis system maintenance.

- Lack of useful recovery of the kinetic energy of the aircraft during landing.

- The need for special braking devices in the aircraft structure, such as: a reversing device, a brake parachute and others.

- Significant shock loads during landing, which reduces the life of the aircraft.

- The long operating time of the engines in take-off mode during take-off due to an increase in the accelerated mass due to the chassis, which reduces the service life of the engines and increases fuel consumption.

- The need for costly construction, quality and maintenance of runways.

- An increase in fuel consumption due to an increase in the mass of the aircraft and a deterioration in its aerodynamic qualities.

Closest to the proposed invention is the invention according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2299158 from 09/05/2005, which provides a trolley-chassis on pneumatic wheels, placed on the runway before landing, stationary, on which the plane lands at landing speed, and then he, along with the trolley-chassis due to the kinetic energy of the aircraft performs all landing operations, as on a conventional chassis.

It should be borne in mind that numerous self-propelled and manual or foot-operated railway vehicles are known - railcars for moving people and goods along standard railways. Trolleys have different sizes and designs, but do not have the necessary lifting and speed characteristics for receiving and starting an airplane from them. The solution proposed by RF patent No. 22999158 has the following disadvantages:

- A large difference in the speeds of the landing aircraft and the standing trolley-chassis (more than 200 km / h) with the required large mass of the trolley-chassis itself will lead to even greater loads on the aircraft structure compared to landing on the integrated landing gear, since the massive chassis-carriage will instantly gain speed from 0 to more than 200 km / h, which is not realistic. A significant reduction in the mass of the aircraft, for which, in fact, the landing gear was removed from the aircraft structure, will not be achieved due to the need to significantly strengthen the bottom of the fuselage for the aforementioned reason.

- Devices that ensure its braking during run after landing, such as a reversing device or a brake parachute, wing mechanization — spoilers and brake flaps — are not excluded from the aircraft’s design.

- An increase in the required runway due to the large amount of movement of the airplane system plus the trolley-chassis compared to a conventional chassis.

- An increase in the take-off run of the aircraft and the operating time of the engines during take-off during take-off due to an increase in the accelerated mass.

- Increased quality requirements for the runway.

Disclosure of invention

The objectives of the invention are:

- Reducing the mass of the aircraft,

- Reducing shock loads during landing and, as a result, a significant increase in aircraft life,

- Improving the aerodynamic qualities of the aircraft,

- An exception to the design of the aircraft not required in flight braking devices, such as a reversing device or brake parachutes, spoilers, brake flaps,

- Fuel economy,

- Save engine life,

- Reducing the number of aircraft devices requiring laborious regular maintenance,

- Possibility of boarding and alighting passengers as close as possible to the boundaries of the village.

The set goals are achieved by using for the take-off and landing of the aircraft a platform, self-moving on rails, with an electric drive, with a system for recovering the kinetic energy of the aircraft and the platform during the run after landing.

Description of drawings

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings:

- Fig 1 is a side view - a platform, self-propelled on rails, with an airplane placed on it,

- Fig 2 is a front view - a platform, self-propelled on rails, with an airplane placed on it.

The implementation of the invention

The self-propelled platform 1 in working condition includes: platform 2, with an airplane 3 placed on it, fixed with a platform 2 controlled by a retainer 4, a shock absorber 5, wheels 6 for moving on rails 7 mounted on a concrete substrate 8, electric drive 9, battery 10 , current collector 11, fixed protective side panels 12 mounted on both sides along the rails 7. The electric cable and its laying are not indicated.

Principle of operation.

Takeoff.

For take-off of aircraft 3, on an executive start for take-off on rails 7, a self-propelled platform 1 is installed with a starting aircraft 3 with heated working engines. Upon receipt of permission to take off, the pilot increases the operating modes of the engines and, simultaneously, through the current collector 11, power is supplied to the electric drive 9. The platform starts to run self-propelled 1 with aircraft 3 to take off the aircraft 3. Up to a certain speed, the main thrust is created by electric drive 9, and before separation of the aircraft 3 from the platform of the self-propelled 1 - the pilot sets the engines of the aircraft 3 to a mode that ensures take-off of the aircraft 3, while the controlled lock 4 is removed and the aircraft 3 continues to independently take off in the usual manner com The self-propelled platform 1 then passes under the control of the aerodrome dispatcher and is sent along the shunting sections of the rails 7 either to receive another plane or to the depot.

Plane landing.

Reception of the aircraft 3, approaching landing, as follows. A self-propelled platform 1 is mounted on rails 7 in a specific place. The automation of the approaching aircraft 3 at the estimated time by radio includes an electric drive 9, after which the movement of the platform of the self-propelled 1 and the aircraft 3 are synchronized automatically so that at the moment of touching the aircraft 3 the platforms of the self-propelled 1 their speeds are equal. The exact positioning of the aircraft 3 relative to the platform of the self-propelled 1 is carried out automatically by one of the methods known from rocket technology under pilot control. After the plane 3 touches the self-propelled platform 1, they are mutually fixed through the platform 2 by a controlled lock 4. After that, the electric drive 9 switches to the kinetic energy recovery mode of the system: plane 3 plus the self-propelled platform 1 and is thereby braked. After braking, the electric drive 9 under the control of the aerodrome dispatcher ensures the supply of the aircraft 3 on the platform of the self-moving 1 along the shunting sections of the rails 7 to the place of disembarkation of passengers or unloading.

To simplify the whole complex, the external power supply of the electric drive 9 is not supplied on the shunting sections of the rails 7, at the places of boarding and disembarking passengers, at the places of unloading and in the depot, and the self-propelled platform 1 is moved by supplying the electric drive 9 from the battery 10.

Claims (1)

A self-propelled take-off and landing platform having wheels and a platform for accommodating and fixing the aircraft, characterized in that the platform is movable on rails mounted on a concrete substrate, and also contains a shock absorber, a battery, a current collector, fixed protective side panels mounted on both sides along the rails, a regenerative electric drive capable of braking during the run after landing the aircraft on the platform by converting kinetic energy aircraft and platform in electricity.

Images