RU2678128C2 - Method of local utilization of snow in the conditions of a modern city - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to urban technology, and in particular to methods of disposal of cleaned snow. Method of elimination of snow, ice masses is that the melting of snow, ice masses is produced in devices forcible disposal. For melting snow into devices like storm or faecal sewers and equipped with electric heating elements, snow and ice are dropped, the heating of the thermal elements is turned on and turned off after the melting is completed.EFFECT: invention provides the possibility of rejecting the full or partial removal of snow to the places of its centralized collection and utilization and, as a result, the transition to its melting at the local collection site.1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the method relates.

The method relates to urban engineering, and more specifically to methods for the disposal of snow removed from bridges, sidewalks, courtyards, roofs of buildings and at the same time to the treatment of local drains.

State of the art

Currently, well-known industrial methods for the utilization of solid precipitation in winter on the territory of cities are characterized by the need for seasonal use of a huge fleet of sophisticated machines, air pollution by fuel combustion products, and discharge of untreated water into the sewers.

The well-known "Method of removing snow-ice mass collected from the territory of the metropolis, and a device for implementing this method" (patent No. 2188890).

The disadvantage of this method is that it requires a special machine for crushing snow and ice, and melt water is discharged into the sewer without treatment.

Known "Device for the disposal of solid atmospheric precipitation" (patent No. 2476638).

The disadvantage of this device is that it requires the availability of industrial heating equipment.

The closest analogue may be the "Method of disposal of solid sediments and a device for its implementation" (patent No. 2540341).

The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of its implementation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The claimed solution is intended to overcome the disadvantages characteristic of the existing level of technology. Such as:

- the presence of a large fleet of equipment only for seasonal use;

- large dimensions of equipment;

- high weight and material consumption;

- the need for transportation of snow to places of centralized collection and disposal;

- discharge and runoff of untreated water into fecal and storm sewers;

- high consumption of liquid fuel or gas;

- air pollution by fuel combustion products;

- the need for large areas for places of centralized snow collection, equipment and parking of special vehicles.

The technical solution to the problem is to abandon the complete or partial removal of snow to the places of its centralized collection, utilization and to switch to its melting right at the place of local collection. Here, the prerequisites for a similar solution to the snow problem in cities should be explained. Centralized snow utilization machines are designed to melt large masses of snow in a short period of time (minutes). Processing speed is very important with large masses of snow. This requires resources with a large heat release per unit time, high combustion intensity. Such as petroleum products, gas. They allow you to get the most active heating of the snow mass. Electric heating does not possess such properties. He is more passive.

However, if a large number of small, less active devices with low processing speed, but with a large reserve of time (days) are used at local snow collection sites, the total effect may turn out to be equivalent or even higher than with centralized processing. The need for snow removal and storage in snowdrifts, dumps disappears. But the local method of disposal of snow should be simple according to the method, and the structures are quite cheap in production, operation and handling should not require high qualification.

Such properties may have, for example, a similar design, as shown in figures 1-3, located in the well of storm or fecal sewage. It includes, in fact, well 1 itself, drain 2, a loading crushing grid for snow 3, a thermal electric element 4 with an energy supply channel 5. At the bottom of the well, a loading hopper 6 with a replaceable filter module (assembly) 7 is installed.

The loading prefabricated hopper consists of a cone receiver 8, consisting of detachable sections, in size passing into the neck of the hatch and sections of the support frame 9.

The filtering module is detachable and consists of a funnel 10 with air passages 11, a trash delay grid 12, an annular seal 13, a pan 14 with a sliding filter for coarse or fine cleaning 15, overflow holes for purified water 16, funnel and pallet latches in the assembled state 17, an arc-shaped eye 18 for lifting or installing the filtration module in place, supports 19.

To install / remove the filtration module, it is necessary to have a lifting device 20 on a chain, rope or hook in the depth of the well.

Design Features.

The described structural system or the like can be implemented in wells of storm and fecal sewage of any transverse shape, material and depth sufficient to load a significant amount of snow. The problem of heating wells in local areas can be satisfactorily solved by using a heating cable for a thermal element with a fixed or adjustable heating temperature. The application provides an example of a typical, concrete city well.

List of drawings

FIG. 1 - general view

FIG. 2 - filtration module and receiving hopper

FIG. 3 - cross section of the well

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention

The method is as follows. A standard cover is removed from a well with a pre-installed loading hopper 6 and a thermal element 4. The load gripping device 20 engages the filtration module 7 behind the eye 18 and the module lowers into the well inside the loading hopper. The supports 19 are beveled outside and center the lowering of the module into the hole of the hopper. The seal 13 eliminates the possibility of water flowing into the radial gap between the hopper and the module. The load handling device is removed. The place of the standard manhole cover is occupied by the loading grill 3 and snow is discharged into the well. The thermal element turns on if it was turned off.

Snow melts. Large and floating debris settles on the grate 12. Sand, stone chips precipitate at the bottom of the pallet 14. Other impurities are retained by the filter 15, and the purified water through the holes 16 goes into the sewer. That is, the design functionality extends not only to winter, but also to water treatment in any season. But with a sliding filter 15, the throughput of the system is low and sufficient only for slow jets of melt water or moderate rain.

Under conditions of significant increase in flow and pressure of water falling into the receiving hopper inside the filtration module, the following occurs. At the beginning of rainfall, the main flush of harmful contaminants from the surface of pavements and sidewalks occurs. The flow is still weak and the filter 15 copes with it. With increasing flow, the filter 15 becomes an obstacle to the passage of water, but the concentration of harmful substances in the flow decreases. The pressure of the water on the filter increases and it “pops up” upward, opening the overflow holes 16 for unhindered passage of water, cleaned only of debris and heavy particles.

If the flow is catastrophic and the sewage can not cope with it, then the well is overflowed with water, the filtration module pops up under the influence of the air in the sinus 11, providing an emergency discharge of untreated water. With the weakening of the flow, the filtration module, centered by the whirling motion of the water flow, returns to its place, and the filter 15 under the influence of its own weight is lowered to the operating position.

Removing the filter module for cleaning or changing is done by the same lifting device 20 directly from the ground.

Claims (1)

The method of eliminating snow and ice masses, which consists in the fact that the melting of snow and ice masses is carried out in forced recycling devices, characterized in that snow and ice are discharged into devices similar to storm or fecal sewage wells and equipped with heating electric elements, heating of thermal elements is switched on and off after completion of melting.

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