RU2676196C2 - Pneumatic car - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of engineering, namely the automotive industry. Pneumatic car includes: a housing, a frame, an engine, a compressor, a pressure pipe, a storage tank, a reversing switch, supply pipes with conical speed increasers of a jet of compressed air, exhaust compressed air exhaust pipe, turbine housing, turbine, turbine shaft, drive wheels, driven wheels, steering. This simplifies the design of the car and increases its efficiency; increases the safety of the vehicle, instead of three pedals, the control in the present invention is carried out by a single lever; Important indicator of the design of the pneumatic car is the uniform distribution of torque on the drive wheels, which increases its permeability; reducing the metal intensity of the pneumatic car increases the ratio of engine power to the mass of the machine.EFFECT: technical result is the exclusion of the following components from the vehicle design: gearbox, gearbox, propeller shaft, differential, brake system, clutch.5 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, namely to the automotive industry.

From the existing level of technology, a car device is known, which includes: a housing, a frame, an engine, a steering system, a braking system, driven wheels, drive wheels, a drive for transmitting torque from the engine to the drive wheels. Such an example is a car "Moskvich" patent No. 20155732251

Present-day vehicles use a mechanical drive for transmitting torque from the engine to the drive wheels.

The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

1. The multi-stage gears of the gearbox, gearbox, differential, included in the mechanical drive of torque transmission from the engine to the drive wheels, reducing the use of engine power by 37%.

2. The high metal consumption of such components as a gearbox, gearbox, driveshaft, differential, worsen an important indicator of a car’s power to weight ratio.

3. The braking system does not meet modern requirements of vehicle safety due to wear of brake pads and leakage of brake fluid, which leads to emergency situations on the roads.

4. The use of a differential designed to change the speed of rotation of the external drive wheel during rotation not only complicates the design of the car, but also adversely affects movement on a slippery or uneven road surface, when a frozen wheel, rotating at idle at an increased speed, takes up most of the torque moment at the wheel, standing on a hard surface, which reduces the patency of the car. In addition, the skid wheel, working in the emery wheel mode, leads to increased tire wear.

5. The need to use three pedals: brakes, gas and clutch, as well as a steering wheel at the same time, complicates driving and leads to emergency situations.

In mechanical engineering, it is known to use a pneumatic drive for transmitting torque from an engine to a work unit. Such a drive is used in a pneumatic wrench patent No. 2067923, published in 1996

The pneumatic wrench device and its drive include: a compressor, a pressure pipe, a reversing switch, supply channels, a discharge channel, a turbine, a turbine housing, a turbine shaft, a work unit (in this case, a cap head).

The disadvantages of this technical solution:

1. The absence of a storage tank in the pressure pipe to compensate for the pressure loss that occurs when the load on the working unit changes.

2. Lack of adjustment of the compressed air supply by reversing switch.

3. The lack of an increase in the speed of compressed air coming from the supply channels and acting on the turbine blades.

It is known that the power of the jet is determined by the formula:

где

Where

N is the power of the jet,

ρ is the density of air,

V is the velocity of the jet,

F is the area of impact.

From this formula it is seen that the power of the jet is proportional to the velocity cube, i.e. if the jet speed is doubled, then its power will increase by 2 ³ = 8 times.

The task to which the invention is directed is to implement a product that meets the modern requirements of economy, safety, energy saving, metal consumption, simplification of design, ease of operation.

This problem is solved due to the fact that the claimed invention: a pneumatic car, comprising a housing, a frame, an engine, a compressor, a pressure pipe, a reversing switch, supply pipes, a discharge pipe, a turbine, driven wheels, driving wheels, steering; the pressure pipe can be made with a storage tank, the reversing switch can be made regulating the amount of compressed air supplied to the supply pipes. The inlet pipes can be made with a cone speed increase of the compressed air emanating from them, acting on the turbine blades, the drive wheels can be installed on the ends of the turbine shaft.

The technical result provided by the given set of features is: simplification of the design, reduction of metal consumption, increased efficiency, improved operating conditions, increased safety.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows:

in FIG. 1 - main view

in FIG. 2 is a top view

in FIG. 3 - callout I in FIG. 2

in FIG. 4 - callout II in FIG. one.

The pneumatic car includes: engine 1 (Fig. 1), connecting shaft 2 (Fig. 1), compressor 3 (Fig. 1), loss compensator 4 (Fig. 1), pressure pipe 5 (Fig. 1), steering 6 ( Fig. 1), driven wheels 7 (Fig. 2), driving wheels 8 (Fig. 2), pressure gauge 9 (Fig. 1), frame 10 (Fig. 1), housing 11 (Fig. 1), reversing switch 12 (Fig. 1), turbine blades 13 (Fig. 4), lever 14 (Fig. 2), forward feed pipe 15 (Fig. 1), cone jet speed increase 16 (Fig. 1), reverse feed pipe 17 (Fig. 1), outlet pipe 19 (Fig. 2), turbine 21 (Fig. 1), turbine shaft 22 (Fig. 2), shaft casing 2 3 (Fig. 2), the casing of the turbine 24 (Fig. 2).

The device operates as follows:

With the start of the engine 1, the torque created by it is transmitted through the connecting shaft 2 to the compressor 3, while the power created by the engine, almost without loss, goes to the compressor to create compressed air pressure. Next, the compressed air enters the loss compensator 4, and then into the pressure pipe 5. The reversing switch 12 is closed at the time the engine is started, its lever 14 is in position 1, blocking the supply of compressed air to the supply pipes 15 and 17. Having determined the achieved working pressure from the pressure gauge 9 pressure in the pressure pipe and selecting the direction of movement of the machine forward, the lever 14 is slowly transferred from position 1 to position 2. Compressed air entering through the forward feed pipe 15 and exiting the accelerating nozzle 16 acts on the blade 13 of the turbine 21. The turbine rotates counterclockwise passes through the rotation shaft 22 to the driving wheels 8, carrying forward movement of the machine. The power of the acting jet on the turbine blades, and with it the speed of the machine is controlled by the degree of opening of the inlet of the reversing switch 12, by means of the lever 14, position 4 (Fig. 3). Having reached the desired speed, the lever 14 is left in this position. When turning the machine through steering 8, the external drive wheel, passing a slightly greater distance than the internal one, will slow down, without significantly affecting the movement of the machine. At the same time, a uniform distribution of torque on both drive wheels increases the maneuverability of the machine, since wheel slippage on uneven or sliding roads is eliminated.

To brake the car moving forward, the lever 14 is moved from position 2 to position 3 (Fig. 3, Fig. 2), directing compressed air through the inlet pipe of the reverse gear 17 and the nozzle 16 to the blades 13 of the turbine 21, inhibiting its rotation and rotation of the leading wheels 8.

The softness or sharpness of braking is controlled by the amount of opening of the inlet and the force of action of a stream of compressed air in the turbine blades, by means of the lever 14 of the reversing switch 12.

Similar actions when moving the car backward.

Claims (5)

1. A pneumatic car, including a housing, a frame, an engine connected to a compressor, a pressure pipe for supplying compressed air from the compressor to the reversing switch, directing the air flow into the forward feed pipe or into the reverse feed pipe, the discharge pipe, the compressor is connected to the turbine, having a housing and shaft, drive wheels, steering. 2. A pneumatic vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure pipe is made with a storage tank. 3. A pneumatic car according to claim 1, characterized in that the reversible switch is made to regulate the amount of compressed air supplied to the supply pipes. 4. A pneumatic car according to claim 1, characterized in that the supply pipes are made with conical speed increases of a stream of compressed air emanating from them, acting on the turbine blades. 5. A pneumatic car according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive wheels are mounted on the ends of the turbine shaft.

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