RU2674566C1 - Training lens - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: optics.

SUBSTANCE: training lens consists of three zones, each of which has its own optical power. Magnitude of the optical power when installing the lens in the rim of the glasses increases in the following sequence: smallest value of optical power has an average zone, upper zone has an average value, remaining zone has the greatest value. If there is astigmatism in the patient's eye, the optical zones of the training lens are also astigmatic, that is, they have different optical power in the meridional and sagittal planes, the magnitude of the optical power increases in the specified sequence, but separately for the meridional and sagittal planes.

EFFECT: ensuring the training of the accommodative apparatus of the human eye due to the change in the optical power of the zones vertically.

5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ophthalmology, namely to ophthalmic multifocal lenses.

The closest to the claimed solution in their technical essence are progressive lenses of any type, as well as a multifocal ophthalmic lens for the training of human accommodation and vergence systems (HOPSA lens) (Patent RU 2481606 C1, publ. 05/10/2013).

The claimed invention pursues the same goal as the HOPS A lens, namely the training of the accommodative apparatus of the human eye.

The difference from HOPSA - lenses is that the change in the optical power of the zones of the claimed lens does not occur horizontally, but, as in progressive lenses, vertically.

However, this change occurs in a manner different from progressive lenses.

Progressive lenses work as follows.

Suppose that a person, being on the street, looks into the distance (horizon, moon, stars), the pupil is located opposite the upper zone of the lens. In this case, it is necessary to consider objects at a great distance, therefore, the upper zone has the least optical power (for example, for a nearsighted person F1 = -3 diopters (abbreviated diopters), for farsighted F1 = 1 diopters).

If now a person needs to consider, for example, a machine located at the same level with him and at a distance of about 4 ... 30 meters from him, the pupil drops to the middle zone, which has a value of optical power greater than that of the upper one (for example, for nearsighted Ф2 = -2 diopters., For farsighted F2 = 2 diopters.).

Finally, suppose a person needs to call on a cell phone. The phone is a bent arm away. The pupil, as a rule, is lowered down and slightly reduced to the nose. In this situation, he is opposite the lower zone, which has the maximum value of optical power (for example, for nearsighted F3 = -1 diopters. For far-sighted F3 = 3 diopters).

As a result, the values of the optical power of the zones of the progressive lens satisfy the inequality F1 <Ф2 <Ф3.

With proper selection and use, progressive lenses are, by far, the best option for people with vision problems, in which there is no overvoltage of the accommodation apparatus of the eye, because Each distance to the object has its own optical power of the lens. At the same time, the accommodation apparatus trains because, returning, for example, with the middle zone, the car can be located at a distance of about 4 ... 30 meters, and when focusing on objects in this range, the accommodation apparatus reflexively tenses and relaxes.

These lenses have only one practical drawback.

Usually, when used, glasses slide down (on the nose). We have to correct them. This phenomenon often occurs when writing, reading, working at a computer.

If the glasses in which the progressive lenses are installed “slid over the nose”, the pupil is always opposite the upper zone.

A person through this zone sees equally well both “into the distance” and “near”. However, this does not occur due to a change in the optical power of the lens, but due to the strong voltage (and subsequently overvoltage) of the accommodation apparatus.

At the same time, a person does not feel this tension, because the muscle that provides accommodation consists of smooth muscle tissue and works reflexively.

This means that the user has no incentive to correct points.

It is clear that in this situation no training of the accommodation apparatus occurs, but its inhibition occurs.

In the claimed training lens (hereinafter referred to as TL), if we compare it with the progressive lens, the upper and middle zones are rearranged.

So, the minimum zone of optical power has the middle zone, and not the upper one, as in the progressive one.

This achieves the stimulation of the holder of the glasses to correct them during operation. Because the user always wants to look through the zone with a minimum value of optical power in order to be able to view objects at any distance.

Thus, the glasses always have the correct position relative to the eyes and, as a result, there is a constant training of the accommodation apparatus without overvoltage.

The invention is illustrated by a sketch, which does not cover and, moreover, does not limit the entire scope of the claims of this technical solution, but is only an illustration of a particular case.

Technically, the task of continuous accommodation training is solved due to the structure of TL.

The claimed TL consists of three zones, each of which has its own optical power.

The magnitude of the optical power increases in the following order: the lowest value of the optical power has the middle zone (2).

One of the peripheral zones (1) has an average value. Depending on how to position the lens in space, this may be the upper or lower zone. However, when installing the TL in a real spectacle frame, it must be oriented so that this area is upper.

The maximum optical power has the remaining zone (3). When installed in a real spectacle frame, it should be located at the bottom.

This distribution of the optical power of the zones of the lens is used to train the stigmatic (symmetrical with respect to the optical axis) normal eye.

Separately, it is necessary to consider the case when the patient has astigmatism of the eye.

With astigmatism of any optical system, including the human eye, there are two mutually perpendicular planes running along the optical axis: the meridional and sagittal (equatorial) planes. In other words, the line of intersection of the meridional and equatorial planes is the optical axis of the system. The eye in these planes sees differently.

Therefore, for the correction of vision in astigmatism, special atigmatic (asymmetric) lenses are used, which have different optical powers in the meridional and sagittal planes.

All of the above is true for the claimed TL.

If the patient has astigmatism of the eye, TL should also be astigmatic (TL areas should be astigmatic).

However, the main property of the claimed TL, namely, the order of increase in the optical power of the zones described for the case of a stigmatic eye, will be preserved for the case of astigmatism, but separately for the meridional, separately for the sagittal plane.

Of course, for each patient, regardless of the presence or absence of astigmatism, it is necessary to select an individual TL for each eye.

The design of the TL should be such that the middle zone is a width of not more than 15 millimeters. In other words, the middle zone lies in the strip (4) with a width of 15 mm.

Technologically, TL is manufactured in two versions.

In the first embodiment, TL consists of three fragments, which, in fact, are zones. These fragments are separate and fastened directly with spectacle frames. In this case, the zone boundary will be sharp (stepwise). Of course, such a border will be clearly visible and create some discomfort to the user.

In the second embodiment, TL is a solid (monolithic) lens. In this case, there are two transitions from one zone to another.

The first transition is sharp, as in the case of a lens consisting of fragments. The second is smooth, implemented using fillets. In this case, the border will be weakly visible.

Claims (5)

1. A training lens, consisting of three zones, each of which has its own optical power, characterized in that the magnitude of the optical power when installing the lens in the spectacle frame increases in the following sequence: the middle zone has the lowest optical power, the upper zone has an average value, the remaining area is most important. 2. The training lens according to claim 1, characterized in that in the presence of astigmatism in the patient’s eyes, the optical zones of the training lens are also astigmatic, that is, they have different optical powers in the meridional and sagittal planes, while the optical power increases in this sequence, but separately for the meridional plane and separately for the sagittal plane. 3. The training lens according to claim 1 or 2, in which the central optical zone lies in a strip with a width of 15 millimeters. 4. A training lens according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that it is composed of individual fragments, which are optical zones, fastened directly spectacle frame. 5. A training lens according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that it is performed as a single lens with sharp or smooth transitions between the optical zones.

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