RU2674103C1 - Method of washing water heating system, equipped with capacity heating devices - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of heat engineering and can be used in the operation of heat exchangers of a water heating system of multi-storey buildings. Essence of the invention lies in the fact that the method of flushing the heating system, carried out without disassembling, includes the supply under pressure of flushing water and compressed air in the line, risers, liner and capacitive heating devices, rinsing water and compressed air are supplied from one side of the radiator, and the contaminated liquid is drained from the opposite side. Instead of a deaf plug of the lower collector of a capacitive heating device, a passage plug is installed along with pipes, a tap and a flexible hose, then the flushing water and compressed air are supplied to the heating system, under the influence of this process, there is an active mixing of the expanding air and water and the separation of contaminants from the internal surfaces of the pipelines and the lower collector of the capacitive heating device, the formation of contaminated suspension, which is removed into the sewer through the hose when the faucet is open, the method consists of cycles, including the steps: filling - draining.

EFFECT: increasing the amount of heat transferred by the heat exchanger to the air washing it, by reducing the thermal resistance of the layer of solid particles deposited in it, and eliminating the transfer of solid particles to other elements of the heating system.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of heat engineering and can be used in the operation of heat exchangers for water heating systems of multi-storey buildings.

A known method of flushing a water heating system according to the book Vitaliev V.V. “Operation of heat points and heat consumption systems”, M., Stroyizdat, 1988. This invention is taken as a prototype.

The effectiveness of the method of flushing the heating system according to the known method is extremely small.

In the known method, rinsing water (tap water used to flush the system) is supplied to the heater through a supply line, and is removed from it in the reverse. In this case, both connections are connected on one side of the heater. In this case, one of the sides of the radiator collector, due to the low speed of the wash water, will practically not be cleaned (washed) from the settled solid particles.

During long-term operation, solid substances accumulate in the end sections, which reduce the living area of the lower collector, and this increases the hydraulic resistance of the collector and, therefore, reduces the flow of coolant (water) through the end sections of the radiator. As a result, there is a decrease in heat transfer of the radiator due to an increase in the thermal resistance of the layer of solid particles and a decrease in the heat carrier flow.

In the process of flushing the heating system, particulate will be transferred to other elements of the heating system, which will reduce the reliability of its operation.

The objective of the invention is to increase the amount of heat transferred by the heat exchanger to the washing air, by reducing the thermal resistance of the layer of solid particles settled in it, and to eliminate the transfer of solid particles to other elements of the heating system. Using the proposed method of flushing the heating system significantly reduces the flow of flushing water and reduces the flushing time.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the method of flushing the heating system, carried out without disassembling it, which includes supplying pressurized flushing water and compressed air to the mains, risers, pipelines and capacitive heating devices, while supplying flushing water, compressed air and draining contaminated liquid is carried out on one side of the radiator, characterized in that a through plug is installed in the lower collector of the capacitive heating device together with nozzles, a tap and a flexible hose, then supply of flushing water and compressed air to the heating system, while under the influence of this process, the expanding air and water are actively mixed and contaminants are separated from the internal surfaces of the pipelines and the lower collector of the capacitive heating device, the formation of a contaminated suspension that is removed into the sewer through a hose with an open tap , the method consists of cycles, including the steps of: filling - draining.

In FIG. 1 shows a part of a heating system circuit (radiator unit) for a single-pipe water heating system with an upper trunking, a biased closing (bypass section) and a three-way valve. The flow of coolant (water) when moving along the riser 1 at point 2 (three-way valve) is divided into two parts: one part of the coolant (water) passes through the supply lead 3, enters the upper collector 4 of the radiator, along the columns of sections 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 goes down, enters the lower collector 11 of the radiator, then leaves the radiator through a return connection 12, goes to point 13, connects to the flow of coolant (water), which passes through the closing (bypass) section 14; Further, the total flow moves down the riser 1 to the radiator located below (not shown in Fig. 1). It should be noted that at point 2 the flow of coolant (water) may not be divided (this depends on the position of the regulating part of the three-way valve 2, the position of which is set by the consumer), in this case, the flow rate of the coolant (water) flowing through the riser 1 and supply lead 3 will be the same, and in the pipeline 14, the flow rate will be practically zero, i.e. the entire flow of coolant (water) passes through the radiator.

In FIG. 2 shows: 15, 16 - head valves; 17 - a dead stopper; 18 - passage plug; 19 - pipe with thread at the other end; 20 - straight through crane; 21 - pipe; 22 - a hose; 23 - passage plug; 24, 25 - pipe; 26 - crane; 27 - a hose; 28 - passage plug; 29, 30 - nozzles; 31 - crane; 32 - hose; 33 - supply line; 34 - return line; 35, 36, 37 - valves; 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 - crane; 45 - valve; 46 - a hose; 47 - valve.

In FIG. 2 shows an example of a flushing method for a heating system of a three-story building with an elevator connection to the heating network, with an upper wiring of the main, one-pipe with offset closing (bypass) sections and a three-way valve.

Before flushing, the heating system must be disconnected from the heating network using the head valves 15 and 16, and the nozzle and cup must be removed from the elevator. The heating system should be flushed through the risers, starting with the end riser. Before filling the heating system with tap water, it is necessary to do the following: from the heater installed on the upper floor, it is necessary to unscrew the blind plug from the lower manifold 11, the design of which is similar to the blind plug 17 installed on the upper manifold 4 (see Fig. 1), and screw in its plug through passage 18 (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2). There is a hole in the passage plug into which a pipe 19 is screwed with a thread at the other end. An inlet valve 20 is screwed onto the pipe 19, in which the pipe 21 is screwed; a hose 22 is put on the pipe 21; the other end of the hose is discharged into the sewer.

In the radiator located on the second floor (see Fig. 2), it is likewise installed in the passage plug 23, nozzles 24 and 25, faucet 26 and hose 27.

In the radiator located on the first floor (see Fig. 2), a through plug 28, nozzles 29 and 30, tap 31 and hose 32 are likewise installed.

After this, the riser 1, the supply 33 and the return 34 lines are filled with tap water, opening the valve 35, 36, 37 and the taps 38, 39, 40. The taps 41, 42, 43, 44 must be closed.

When water appears in the air valve 38, it is closed.

Flushing the heating system hydraulically is as follows.

With the hydraulic method, they create high speeds by a constant flow of tap water through the heating system or its separate element.

To do this, open the valves 35, 36 and cranes 39 and 20; gate valve 37, valves 38, 40, 41, 42 and 43 must be closed. The three-way valve 2 (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) during flushing of the radiator must be adjusted so that all water passes through the closing (bypass) section, that is, through pipe 14 (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 ), at the time of washing, the tap 2 should block the water supply to the heater through the supply line 3 (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2), and the entire water flow would flow through the pipes 14 and 12 to the lower collector 11 of the radiator.

Removing contaminated water from the radiator is carried out through a hose 22 into the sewer. A part of the heating system is flushed until clean water flows from the hose 22. When pure water flows from the hose 22, the valve 20 is closed and the flushing of the radiator located on the second floor is started. Flushing is carried out with open valves 35 and 36, closed valves 20, 40, 41, 38, 42, 43 and 44; gate valve 37 must be closed. Flushing is carried out as well as the radiator located on the third floor. After washing the radiator located on the second floor, close the tap 26 and then similarly wash all the remaining radiators attached to the first riser. After flushing the radiator located on the ground floor, the supply lines 33 and the entire end riser will be washed, except for the section of the riser - from the bottom of the radiator installed on the ground floor to the back flow 34 and part of the return pipe from the connection point of the riser 1 to the connection point of the riser 2 Flushing of these sections is carried out with open valves 35 and 36, open valves 39 and 40; closed valves 38, 41, 42 and 43. Removing contaminated water is carried out through the valve 45 and the hose 46. Faucets 20, 26, 31 must be closed; gate valve 37 must be closed.

After washing the riser 1, the taps 39 and 40 are closed and the other risers are washed by sequentially opening the taps on the risers. For example, to flush the riser 2, open taps 42 and 43. Rinse the riser 2 in the same way as the riser 1.

After flushing the heating system, remove the hoses 22, 27, 32, nozzles 19, 24 and 29, taps 20, 26 and 31, remove the plugs 18, 23, 28 and install blind plugs, and install the three-way valve 2 in the design position; the above is performed on all radiators and all risers.

Hydropneumatic flushing of the heating system is carried out by simultaneously supplying water and compressed air. A valve 47 is installed on the compressed air supply line. A mobile compressor or a stationary air supply system can be used to supply compressed air.

The supply of compressed air increases the speed of the air-water mixture and creates high turbulence, which loosens the settled solid particles and helps to remove them (together with flushing water) from the elements of the heating system.

Note that the hydropneumatic flushing of the heating system is carried out using the same additional elements that are used in the hydraulic flushing method (see Fig. 2), for example, additional elements for a radiator installed on the third floor: pipes 19 and 21, passage plug 18, tap 20 and hose 22.

Flushing the heating system hydropneumatically is as follows.

At the beginning, the heating system is filled with tap water; how the system is filled with water is described above. After filling the heating system with tap water, the valve 35 and the valve 38 are closed.

It is advisable to start flushing the heating system from the end riser, in FIG. 2 is the riser 1. Before starting the compressed air, it is necessary to open the valve 36; taps 38, 40, 41, 42, 43 must be closed, and taps 20 and 39 must be open.

With the valve open. 47 air enters the heating system; and since the heating system is filled with water and only one faucet 20 is open on the radiator located on the third floor, then compressed air begins to squeeze water out of the heating system; water passes through the valve 36; enters the supply pipe 33, from which it enters the riser 1, then through the supply pipe to the three-way valve 2, through the closing section 14 it enters the return pipe 12 and into the lower collector 11 of the heating part (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2).

Consequently, in the lower radiator header 11 located on the upper floor, a unidirectional flow of first tap water is created, which captures solid particles from the lower radiator header 11 and carries them through the hose 22 to the sewer.

When there is little water left in the radiator, i.e. the lower collector is not completely filled with flushing water and the upper level of the water flow in the lower radiator collector becomes less than d_vn, then compressed air will begin to slip above the water surface in the specified collector, which will contribute to the separation of solid particles from the inner surface of the collector.

When all tap water is removed from the lower radiator manifold, the entire inner surface of the collector will be blown with compressed air, which (at high speed) will carry solid particles into the hose and then into the sewer.

If clean water flows out of the hose 22 during flushing, then flushing of the specified radiator is completed. If dirty water comes out of the lower manifold 11, then flushing should be repeated. To do this, close the valve 47 for air supply. After that, fill (replenish) the heating system with water, i.e. only the radiator located on the third floor, line 33 and part of the riser 1, and then rinse again the lower radiator collector located on the third floor.

After completing the flushing of the radiator located on the third floor, the tap 20 is closed and the radiator located on the second floor is flushed. For this, the heating system is filled with water, the air valve 38 is closed. The taps 20, 40, 41, 43, 44, 42, 31 are closed, and the valve 26 is open. Flushing the radiator located on the second floor is similar to flushing the radiator located on the third floor.

After washing the radiators attached to the first riser, they also wash the radiators attached to the other risers.

Flushing the feed and return line is as follows. The system is filled with tap water, after filling the air valve 38 is closed. Flushing the lines is carried out through the end riser; for this, the valves 35, 36 and 46 are opened; cranes 38, 42, 43, 41 - on risers close, and cranes 39 and 40 - open; taps 20, 26 and 31 must be closed. With open valves 35, 36 and 47, tap water together with compressed air displaces water from the system, along with which solid particles are removed, thereby washing (cleaning) the internal volumes of the elements of the heating system. Contaminated water is discharged into the sewer through an open valve 45 and a hose 46.

Three-way valves 2 at the radiator located on the third floor, and all other three-way valves located at the radiators connected to the end riser (riser 1), are left in the same position, i.e. in the position in which the radiator is flushed.

After that, the valve 35, 36 and 47 are opened, and the air-water mixture passes through the valve 36, enters the supply line 33, then the riser 1, from which it returns to the return line 34, captures solid particles and carries them out of the heating system through the open valve 45.

Flushing is completed, i.e. the supply of water and compressed air through the valves 35 and 47, respectively, is terminated when clean water flows from the hose 46.

Implementation of a flushing method for a heating system without disassembling it, which includes pressurizing flushing water and compressed air in the mains, risers, piping and capacitive radiators, while flushing water, compressed air and contaminated fluid are drained from one side of the radiator , characterized in that in the lower collector of the capacitive heating device, a passage plug is installed together with nozzles, a tap and a flexible hose, then rinsing water is supplied and air into the heating system, while under the influence of this process, the expanding air and water are actively mixed and contaminants are separated from the internal surfaces of the pipelines and the lower collector of the capacitive heating device, the formation of a contaminated suspension that is removed into the sewer through a hose with an open tap, the method consists of cycles, including the stages: filling - draining, meets the criterion of "novelty", as it has not been previously used and is not found in literary sources.

The above set of features is not currently known from the prior art and does not follow from well-known methods of flushing a water heating system, and this proves compliance with the criterion of "inventive step".

The implementation of the proposed method of flushing a water heating system with the specified set of essential features does not present any structural, technical and technological difficulties, hence the compliance with the criterion of "industrial applicability".

Thus, the application of the proposed invention allows:

- reduce water consumption for flushing the heating system, which minimizes material costs;

- reduce the flushing time of the heating system;

- use the system in multi-storey buildings, which is more relevant in modern industrial and civil engineering;

- eliminate the transfer of solid particles to other elements of the heating system, which improves the reliability of its work.

Claims (1)

A method of flushing a heating system, carried out without disassembling it, including supplying pressurized flushing water and compressed air to the mains, risers, connections and capacitive heating appliances, while flushing water, compressed air and draining contaminated liquid are supplied from one side of the radiator, characterized in that in the lower manifold of the capacitive heating device, a passage plug is installed together with nozzles, a tap and a flexible hose, then rinsing water and compressed air are supplied to the heating system, while under the influence of this process, the expanding air and water are actively mixed and contaminants are separated from the internal surfaces of the pipelines and the lower collector of the capacitive heating device, the formation of a contaminated suspension that is removed into the sewer through the hose with the tap open, the method consists of cycles including stages: filling - discharge.

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