RU2673904C1 - Ground dam with a screen and filter spillway - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydraulic engineering, in particular, to hydrosystems with ground dams and spillways. Aim of the claimed invention is to increase the full-capacity discharge of a filter spillway of the ground dam with a screen by increasing the filtration area of an upstream slope behind the screen. Ground dam includes an anti-filtration screen, made in an upper part in the form of an overflow wall with a height that forms a triangular channel behind the anti-filtration screen. Section of the upstream slope behind the overflow wall is a water intake of the filter spillway, which is made of water-permeable material. Invention allows to increase the full-capacity discharge of the filter spillway of the ground dam with the screen by increasing the filtration area of the upstream slope behind the screen.

EFFECT: application of the proposed construction of the ground dam with the filter spillway allows: to reduce the volume of the ground dam body by 5–10 %, which will reduce the cost of a hydrosystem; due to the rejection of the cost spillway or its reduction, reduce the cost of the hydrosystem by 15–30 %; reduce the cost of compensation for losses due to flooding of the upstream areas by lowering the level of forcing the water level during floods.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering, namely to waterworks with soil dams and spillways.

The closest in existing features and the achieved result is a soil dam with a filter spillway, including an anti-filter screen with a crest and an uphill section of permeable material (stone, pebbles, etc.) behind the screen in the form of a channel (RF patent for invention No. 20111735 “ Soil dam with filter spillway "). This design allows you to significantly increase the throughput of the filtering spillway and thereby reduce the cost of construction and operation of the dam due to the abandonment of the construction of coastal spillways or reduce their size.

The disadvantage of this design is the increase in the volume of the soil dam due to the need for a device behind the screen of the trapezoidal channel, which leads to a rise in the cost of the dam.

The aim of the claimed invention is to increase the throughput of the filter spillway of an earth dam with a screen by increasing the filtering area of the uphill slope behind the screen.

The goal is achieved in that the soil dam has an anti-filter screen, the upper part of which at the spillway section is made in the form of an overflow wall forming a triangular channel behind the screen, due to which the inlet section of the filter spillway increases below the top of the screen. The section of the uphill slope behind the overflow wall (from the bottom of the overflow wall to the mark of the intersection of the maximum water level in the reservoir with the uphill slope) is a filter spillway water intake, which is made of a permeable material (stone, pebbles, etc.) that is resistant to operational loads during the overflow of water through the wall and to the action of waves, and the height of the overflow wall is selected in such a way as to provide its necessary throughput. The overflow wall on the uphill side of the dam may have a spillway profile, and on the side of the reservoir, the profile of the wave breaker-wave damper. The overflow wall may have a variable top mark along its length.

The presence of an overflow wall leads to an increase in the filtration area, which allows to increase the throughput of the filtering spillway and to reduce the size of expensive floodshore spillways or to abandon them if the entire flood discharge passes through the filtering spillway. The device on the screen wall in the form of a spillway allows you to reduce the level of forcing water in the reservoir during the passage of floods and thereby reduce the cost of eliminating the consequences of flooding of territories. The wall also plays the role of a breaker and a wave suppressor, which leads to a decrease in the height of the wave along the upper slope and a decrease in the level of the dam crest.

In fig. 1 shows a cross section of the upper part of a soil dam with a filter spillway.

The dam 1 has a screen 2 with an overflow wall 3, which forms a channel 4 abv with a filtering slope bv. The section of the uphill slope running (from the bottom of the wall to the intersection of the slope with the maximum water level in the air-blast reservoir, for which the filter spillway is designed) is the inlet of the filter spillway and is fixed with a permeable material 5 (stone, pebbles, etc.). The hydrocarbon level mark in the reservoir is indicated, above which the overflow of water begins through wall 3, and the air-blast mark of the maximum water level for which the filter spillway is designed. Arrows 6 indicate the direction of water filtration.

In fig. 2 shows a cross section of the upper part of the soil dam 1 with a filter spillway with an overflow wall 3 made in the form of a spillway 7 from the side of the dam and wave picker 8 from the side of the reservoir.

The dam with a filter spillway works as follows. During the flood, the water level in the reservoir rises above the level of hydrocarbons and the water begins to overflow through overflow wall 3 and enter channel 4 abv, from which it filters into the body of dam 1 through the mount of the uphill slope 5 in section bw and then goes into the river bed. With a further rise in the water level to the air-blast mark, the channel is flooded, and the water begins to filter through the run into the dam body and then goes into the river bed. During the fall of the flood, the water level in the reservoir decreases to the hydrocarbon mark, which coincides with the top of the wall, and the water from channel 4 through section BV goes into the body of the dam, and then into the river bed. The overflow wall can be made in the form of a spillway 7, which will increase its throughput and reduce the rise in water level above the hydrocarbon, as well as make a wall with a variable mark of its top, which will increase the flow capacity of the filter spillway as the water level rises in the reservoir. In addition, the wall from the side of the reservoir is made in the form of a wave pickup 8 and acts as a wave absorber, which reduces the height of the wave run along the upper slope of the dam and makes it possible to lower the mark of the dam crest and, accordingly, the volume of the dam body.

In the prototype, a channel behind the screen is formed due to the displacement of the plane of the uphill slope - the intake of the filter spillway by the value of av, which leads to the need for a corresponding increase in the profile of the soil dam (and, accordingly, its volume and cost).

Application of the proposed design of a soil dam with a filter spillway allows you to:

- reduce the cost of the hydraulic system by reducing the body volume of the soil dam by 5-10%,

- due to the abandonment of the coastal spillway or its reduction, reduce the cost of the waterworks by 15-30%,

- reduce the cost of compensating for losses due to flooding of the upstream areas by reducing the level of forced water level during floods.

Claims (3)

1. Soil dam, including an antifiltration screen and an uphill section of water-permeable material, characterized in that the antifiltration screen in the upper part is made in the form of an overflow wall with a height forming a triangular channel behind the antifiltration screen, and the uphill section behind the overflow wall is a filter inlet spillway, which is made of a permeable material. 2. Soil dam according to claim 1, characterized in that the overflow wall on the side of the upper slope of the dam has a spillway profile, and on the side of the reservoir a wave pickup-wave damper. 3. Soil dam according to claim 1, characterized in that the overflow wall along the length has a variable mark of the top.

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