RU26714U1 - MULTIFUNCTIONAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FUNCTIONING UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF EXPOSURE TO UNCERTAIN INTERFERENCE WITH A LIMITED MIDDLE POWER - Google Patents

Description

Multifunctional communication system,

operating under exposure

uncertain interference limited

average power

The utility model relates to the field of radio engineering, in particular, to communication systems operating under conditions of exposure to uncertain interference with limited average power and can be used in the manufacture of special communication equipment of high reliability, in long-distance communication devices with a high load of noise signals such as “interference, the production of communications technology of the civilian range (27 MHz), as well as the production of cellular radiotelephones.

Known multifunctional communication system operating in

exposure to undefined interference with limited average power, including transmitting with exciter, signal processing cascades, and multipliers and receiving paths with a block interconnected and mounted on a common chassis

Cl. H04L 27 / GS Cl. H 04L 27/18 CL. H04B 7/00

Management (see USSR Author's Certificate No. 563730, class N 04 B 7/00

from 1976).

A multifunctional communication system is also known that functions under the influence of undetermined interference with limited average power, including transmitting with an exciter and multipliers and receiving paths with a control unit interconnected and mounted on a common chassis (see US Patent No. 3665472, class N 04 V 1/38 of 1972).

The disadvantages of the known utility models are low efficiency,

the relative complexity of obtaining high noise immunity of the radio line, low functionality, the inability to quickly change operating modes, the inability to control the communication system using a personal computer, the inability to quickly reprogram the built-in microcontroller of the control unit without first dismantling it through the built-in connector, and the lack of thermal monitoring as the operation of the built-in the microcontroller of the control unit and the communication system in whole m, which provides a relatively low reliability and duration of the communication system.

The purpose of the utility model is to increase the efficiency of the communication system, the quality of reception when transmitting heterogeneous information and increase the efficiency of energy resources use, simplifying the design of the communication system when sufficient

radio line noise immunity due to the use of not digital, but analog methods of signal processing, obtaining the ability to quickly change the operating mode, control the operation and characteristics of the system using a personal computer, gaining the ability to quickly reprogram

non-volatile internal memory of the built-in microcontroller and additional memory chips of the control unit without dismantling them through the built-in connector (connection can be made using a cable with COM or LPT ports of a personal computer), obtaining effective automatic control of the thermal mode of the communication system to ensure high reliability the latter, as well as to exclude the possibility of failure

functional blocks of the communication system during prolonged operation in extreme conditions (at elevated temperatures) and providing remote control using a remote control that operates on rays lying in the infrared range, obtaining a signal-to-noise ratio when receiving at least 10 dB, dynamic range for intermodulation is not less than 95 dB, achieving the minimum frequency tuning step of the communication system during both reception and transmission of 1 ... 5 Hz (depends on the operating frequency), obtaining the minimum switching time from reception to soap has not more than 25 ms.

This is achieved by the fact that the communication system is equipped with modulation, signal separation, separate processing of component signals and restoration of the original modulated signal,. moreover

the exciter of the transmission path of the communication system is made with elements for generating a single-band signal corresponding to the desired type of radiation (with a fully or partially suppressed carrier - radiation classes & ЗЕ, НЗЕ or J3E), as well as with elements for dividing the original single-band signal into two components - the envelope signal Uor (t ) and a HF oscillation signal with angular modulation of constant amplitude of the form U t + q (t), where wn-carrier frequency, a (p (t) is the function of the phase change time, processing stages of these signals (preliminary

the PU amplifier for the signal with angular modulation and the powerful envelope amplifier MUO for the envelope signal) are made with elements of amplification of high-frequency signals, protection from interference and electromagnetic interference, linearization of dynamic amplification characteristics and comparison and leveling of high-frequency signals, the multiplier of the recovery unit of the original modulated signal has a terminal cascade that is made with

elements of powerful multiplication of separated signals to restore a signal with single-band modulation (cascades with collector or anode modulation), and the active blocks of the receiving and transmitting paths of the communication system have a common microcontroller of the control unit for leveling the separated signals, forming linear characteristics of the amplification elements of high-frequency signals and the same time delays of envelope signals and frequency modulated, moreover between the bandpass filter blocks and the high frequency block of the amplitude limiter of the transmitting path, a time delay unit is installed, while the receiving path is made in the form of interconnected blocks - (see Fig. 2): a SWR measurement unit, a “television filter” unit, an attenuator unit, an antenna switch unit (common for the receiving and transmitting paths), block of the second switch (made common for the receiving and transmitting paths of the communication system), block of switchable range filters, block of reversible two-stage URC, block of auxiliary filter, block of balance a mixer amplifier reversing unit (at reception of a block the first reversing IF), the main selection filter unit (FOS), the relay switch unit (made common to the receiving and transmitting paths of a communication system), second IF block, additional block

filtering, two-stage amplifier unit, second mixer unit, VLF unit, low-pass filter, audio unit, low-frequency power amplifier unit, AGC detector unit (automatic gain control) and acoustic monitor unit, and the transmitting path is made by connecting the system in the form of interconnected units : a microphone unit, a microphone amplifier unit, a high-range block for raising the audio range, an audio signal amplitude limiting unit, a low-pass filter unit, an audio signal amplifier unit, modulation block, band-pass filter block, time delay block, high-frequency amplitude limiter block, high-frequency amplifier block, second block, mixer, relay switch block (made common for the receiving and transmitting paths of the communication system), main selection filter block (FOS), block a reverse amplifier, a balanced mixer block, an auxiliary filter block, a two-stage reversible RF amplifier block, a second switch block (made common for the receiving and transmitting paths of the communication system), the amplitude about the detector, the envelope amplification block, the pulse-width modulator block, the low-power pulse signal amplifier block, the low-power filter block, the high-power pulse signal amplifier block, the high-power filter block, the low-power multiplier block, the high-power multiplier block, the block

switchable range filters, “television” unit

filter, SWR measurement unit, high frequency output power measurement unit, while frequency synthesizer, control units

1

switching units, as well as an indication unit, are used by both the receiving and transmitting paths of the communication system and are reversible, while in the receiving path of the communication system the output of the SWR measurement unit is connected to the input of the TV filter unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the attenuator unit, the output of which connected to the input of the antenna switch unit, the first output of the antenna switch unit is connected to the input of the second switch unit, the output

which is connected to the input of the reversible two-stage RF amplifier block, the output of the latter is connected to the bandpass filter block, the output of which is connected to the first input of the balanced mixer block, the first output of the frequency synthesizer block with the frequency Fc selected from the block programmed into the built-in microcontroller is connected to the second input control of the frequency range (frequency grid), the output of the balanced mixer unit is connected to the input of the unit of the first reversible IF, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the unit ltra basic selection, the output of which is connected to the input of the relay switch, the first output of the relay switch unit is connected to the input of the second IF amplifier, whose output is connected to the input of the additional filtering unit, the latter output is connected to an input of a two-stage IF amplifier unit, yield

which is connected to the first input of the second mixer unit, the second input of the second mixer unit is connected to the second output of the frequency synthesizer unit with a frequency Pb, the output of the second mixer unit is connected to the input of the ULF unit, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the low-pass filter unit of the audio range, the output of which is connected to the input of the low-frequency power amplifier unit, the output of the latter is connected to the acoustic monitor unit, the output of the unit

is connected to the output of the VLF unit, while in the transmitting path of the described communication system, the output of the microphone unit is connected to the input of the microphone amplifier unit, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the high-frequency block of the audio range, the output of which is connected to the input of the block of the amplitude limiter of the audio signal, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the low-pass filter unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the audio amplifier unit

a signal whose output is connected to the first input of the modulation block, the second output of the frequency synthesizer block with a frequency of FI is connected to the second input of the modulation block, the output of the modulation block is connected to the input of the bandpass filter block, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the time delay block, the output of which is connected to the input unit of a high-frequency amplitude limiter, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the RF amplifier unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second mixer unit, the second input of the second mixer unit is connected to by the output of the frequency synthesizer unit with a frequency of F2, the output of the second mixer unit is connected to the input of the relay switch unit, the output of which is connected to the main selection filter unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the reversing amplifier unit, the output of the latter is connected to the first input of the balanced mixer unit, the second the input of the balanced mixer block is connected to the first output of the frequency synthesizer block with a frequency Fc selected from the frequency range programmed in the non-volatile memory of the integrated microcontroller Lok controlling the operation of the communication system (grid frequency), the balanced mixer unit input is connected to the input of bandpass filter unit, the output of which is connected to the reversing input of a two-stage RF amplifier, the output of the last is connected to the input of the second switch unit, the output unit

a band-pass filter is connected to the input of the amplitude detector unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the envelope amplification unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the pulse-width modulator unit, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the low-power pulse signal amplifier block and connected to the input of the powerful pulse-signal amplifier block, fourth the output of the frequency synthesizer block with a clock frequency FT is connected to the pulse-width modulator block, the output of the low-power pulse signal amplifier block is connected to the input of the m block filter, the output of the block of a powerful amplifier of pulse signals is connected to the input of the block of a powerful filter, the first input of the block of a low-power multiplier is connected to

 the output of the block of the second switch; the second input of the first block is connected to the output of the low-power filter block, the first input of the high-power multiplier block is connected to the output of the low-power multiplier block; the second input of the first is connected to the output of the power filter unit, the output of the power multiplier unit is connected to the input of the switchable range filter unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the antenna switch unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the “television filter” unit, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the SWR measurement unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the high-frequency output power measuring unit, the outputs of the power supply are connected to all active units with the voltage and current required for each of a specific active unit, as well as to units of thermal stabilization, effective cooling, a comparator, a frequency synthesizer, settings and to a control unit, the inputs of the control unit are connected to all active units, a communication system for monitoring the operation and, if necessary, its correction, and also with a tuning encoder encoder for

manual fine tuning by turning the knob and with the digital multifunctional keyboard of the tuner; the control unit outputs are connected to the inputs of the frequency synthesizer unit and to the thermal stabilization unit, bidirectional ports (inputs / outputs) of the built-in microcontroller of the control unit are connected to the inputs / outputs of the buffer unit, the outputs / inputs of which are connected via a flat or twisted shielded cable to the serial (COM port ) or parallel (LPT-port) ports of a personal computer (using such a connection, data can be transmitted both in the direction of “computer-communication system, and in the opposite direction, one of many The data signal bus of the microcontroller integrated in the control unit is connected to the input of the display unit.

Functional blocks of the claimed communication system have the following purpose:

and the SWR measurement unit - to assess the matching of the antenna load with the output stages. An embodiment of the SWR measurement unit (see Fig. 7) is made on the elements Tl, VD1, Cl, C2, Rl, R2, .R3 and is a reflectometer with a current transformer. The principle of its operation is as follows: on the secondary winding of the transformer there is an antiphase voltage proportional to the current in the line, which is applied to the diodes VD1 and VD2. To the same through resistors R1 and R3 with a capacitive divider

part of the voltage acting in the line. If the load is matched with the line, the voltage and current coincide in phase (then the sum of the voltages of the capacitive divider and the winding is applied to one / of the diodes, and their difference to the other). Capacitor C1 is used for tuning, with which this difference is reduced to a number tending to zero. The transformer in this embodiment aa a is implemented in the form of two windings of copper insulated wire located on a common core of a ferrite ring. TV filter block - provides filtering of all signals with a frequency for this option greater than 30 MHz (for other options, the cutoff frequency is selected 2..L0 MHz above the highest frequency of the operating range) to minimize out-of-band emissions, which will reduce the overall noise interference of the ether. An implementation option is a regular fifth-order LC filter with a cutoff frequency of about 30 MHz. The attenuator block performs the function of introducing the necessary attenuation into the level of the received signal and is mainly used for communication with local correspondents, whose signals have a rather high power. An embodiment of two resistive U-shaped links introducing attenuation into the useful signal of 12 and 24 dB, respectively (see Fig. 8, a), if necessary, a smoother stepwise change in the introduced attenuation is used, for example, the circuit shown in Fig. 8,6 , the values of the resistors included in the attenuator are calculated based on the value of the required, maximum, minimum attenuation and the step of the change. The antenna switch unit and the second switch unit perform the functions of switching the antenna from the receiving path to the transmitting one when switching from receiving to transmitting and vice versa and disconnect the blocks of low-power and powerful multipliers when switching to receiving. A variant of the implementation of a switch on pin diodes having a minimum time а а а а а whose operating principle is based on using the property of one-sided conductivity of diodes. The switchable band-pass filter block contains N band-pass filters, where the number N corresponds to the number of required operating ranges and performs the function of minimizing out-of-band emission for a given range. An implementation option is three-circuit filters for high-frequency ranges and two-circuit filters at lower ranges (with this option, an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio is achieved, since three-circuit filters at low-frequency ranges introduce an unacceptably large attenuation into the useful signal). The reversible two-stage RF amplifier unit performs the functions of amplification by 8 ... 10 dB of the radio frequency signal during reception and by 6 ... 8 dB during transmission. An embodiment - a high-frequency reversible amplifier with powerful field-effect transistors of the type KP901A, which maintains linearity even at high levels of input signals - is shown in FIG. 11. The band-pass filter unit selects a high-frequency signal in the required frequency band with a transparency bandwidth of 2.7 ... 3 kHz. The embodiment is a differential bridge (see Fig. 9.6) or a ladder (see Fig. 9, a) filter on quartz resonators (with this option, a high long-term instability of the frequency deviation up to and provides the possibility of obtaining such a narrow - 2.7 kHz - bandwidths at high frequencies of tens of megahertz, which is impossible to implement when using LC filters). The balanced mixer block carries out the functions of transferring a and a and a level during reception and to a higher frequency level during transmission. An embodiment is a ring mixer for high power signals. The unit of the first reversible IF amplifier amplifies by 6 dB the high-frequency signal during transmission and by 12 ... 15 dB the signal of the intermediate frequency when receiving. The embodiment is a high-frequency reversible amplifier on powerful field-effect transistors of the type KP903 A. The main selection filter block performs the functions of selecting the main signal in the required frequency band (transparency bandwidth 2.7 ... 3 kHz) to suppress out-of-band and non-useful radiation information and determines the selective characteristics of the communication system. An implementation option is a differential bridge (mainly) or ladder filter on quartz resonators. The relay switch block commutes the blocks used only by the receiving or transmitting paths when switching from receiving to transmitting and vice versa. The blocks of the second inverter and two-stage inverter perform amplification functions of the high-frequency IF signal. An implementation option is a high-frequency amplifier with a resonant load on double-gate field-effect transistors (low-noise type KGO27B - RF and / or BF998 - Philips). An additional filtering unit provides the final additional signal selection to minimize the level of signals that are not in the desired frequency band. An embodiment is a six-crystal ladder filter based on quartz resonators. a and a aa a The unit of the second mixer performs the functions of transferring the IF signal to the audio frequency range with a width of 2.7 ... 3 kHz. An embodiment is a traditional ring mixer with one diode in each arm. The low-frequency amplifier unit amplifies the low-frequency signal by voltage. An embodiment is a cascade on an operational amplifier or an amplifier on a specialized chip. The low-pass filter block of the audio range performs the function of filtering all signals with a frequency lying above the frequency of the upper level of sound perception by the human ear. An embodiment is a simple RC filter or an active filter on an operational amplifier. The AGC detector unit detects an audio signal and forms a feedback loop to provide automatic adjustment. The low-frequency power amplifier unit performs the function of amplifying the power of the low-frequency sound signal to the level of 1 ... 2 W to ensure that not only head phones for individual but also dynamic loudspeakers can be used as part of the acoustic monitor unit for collective listening to received information. An embodiment is a sound power amplifier on a specialized chip, for example, type K174UN4, K174UN7, etc. The acoustic monitor unit provides the transmission of information received by the communication system to the operator and is a headphone and / or dynamic heads with acoustic power from 0.25 to 3 watts. a a a a Microphone unit performs the function of transforming sound waves into low-frequency electrical signals and is an electret or dynamic microphone module. The microphone amplifier unit provides amplification of the weak electric signal converted by the microphone unit to a level slightly higher than the voltage threshold for unlocking the diodes used in the block for limiting the amplitude of the audio signal. An embodiment is a voltage amplifier for low-power low-frequency transistors. The unit for raising the high frequencies of the audio range provides increased intelligibility of the transmitted audio information. The audio signal amplitude limiting unit performs the function of cutting off the peaks of the audio signal when the signal converted by the microphone unit is too high (when the conversation is too loud in front of the microphone), which increases the intelligibility of the transmitted information (speech) in such cases and ensures the reception of information at a more distant distance. The embodiment is the simplest limiter on counter-parallel diodes, to ensure greater efficiency of this unit, the limiter is performed according to a more complex push-pull circuit or according to a scheme that implements restrictions in several frequency ranges (they split the audio range into several (from 3 to 7) subbands with using low-pass filters, after which the signal of each subband is subject to restriction, and then all signals are summed). and about execution - the simplest LC-LPF or an active filter on an operational amplifier with a cutoff frequency of 2.7 ... .3.2 kHz. The block of the amplifier of the audio signal performs the function of amplifying the voltage of the processed sound signal to the level required at the input of the modulation block to ensure its normal functioning (determined by the circuitry of the modulation block. An embodiment is a low-frequency amplifier with a tuning element, because it is too small or too a high level of the input signal of the modulation unit leads to a significant increase in non-linear distortions. In the described communication system, the control unit using a microcontroller and The cascade stage monitors the voltage at the input of the modulation unit and adjusts it, if necessary, with the help of a controlled adjustment element integrated in the audio amplification unit.The modulation unit converts a low-frequency sound signal into a modulated signal, which is a carrier and two side bands, as well as its transfer to a higher frequency level. Embodiments - classic balanced modulators. - shown in Fig. 10; The bandpass filter unit performs the functions of obtaining a single-band modulated signal from a signal containing two sidebands and a carrier obtained by modulating by filtering an information signal with a width of 2.7 ... 3 kHz in one of the sidebands with a fully or partially suppressed carrier, depending on specific requirements. The time delay block provides the time delay uniform in the entire frequency range, necessary for the complete combination of the separated envelope signals and the angular modulation at the input of the powerful output stages to minimize non-linear distortions. The delay value is determined by the number and parameters of LC circuits in each of the signal processing lines and is calculated as the difference of the time constants of the processing stages of these signals. Correction must be accurate to a few nanoseconds. The block of the high-frequency amplitude limiter performs the function of cutting the peaks of the high-frequency signal, which improves the transmission quality. An embodiment is a limiter on high-frequency diodes with a minimum recovery time, switched on in parallel or a push-pull diode limiter, one clock cycle and its operation graphs are shown in FIG. 12 aDV, adding a second measure, it is possible to achieve its symmetrical work. The RF amplifier unit amplifies the voltage of the high-frequency signal with angular modulation to the level necessary for the normal operation of the second mixer unit. An embodiment is a cascade on low-power, low-noise, high-frequency transistors. The second mixer unit performs the function of transferring the band of the transmitted signal to a higher frequency band. The high frequency output power meter unit provides the ability to visually control the signal power with the transmitted information. The amplitude detector unit performs the function of obtaining from aaaaaa Envelope gain unit amplifies the voltage signal to the level necessary for the normal operation of the pulse-width modulator unit. The pulse-width modulator block performs modulation functions along the width of the envelope signal to obtain a pulse sequence. Blocks of amplifiers of pulse signals carry out amplification functions by the power of signals to the calculated level. Blocks of pulse filters pass the amplified envelope signals Ea (t) (t) and suppress vibrations with the frequency FT and its harmonics and are low-pass filters. The multiplier blocks perform the functions of final power amplification and restoration of the initially split single-band signal. An embodiment is cascades with collector (with transmitter power up to 1 kW) or anode (with higher power) modulation. The frequency synthesizer block provides all the blocks of mixers and modulators with signals of the required level and frequency, and also carries out the formation of a frequency grid with the parameters programmed into the microcontroller of the control unit and should provide high long-term frequency instability and have sufficient screening of the printed circuit board on which it is made. Embodiments of a single-loop PLL synthesizer (PLL) are shown in FIGS. 15a, b, c, while it must include the buffer stages necessary for decoupling and minimizing the influence of the functioning of the frequency synthesizer on the operation of the microcontroller, which controls the frequency of the Fc signal by applying to the input of the frequency synthesizer block i a of a four-bit binary address, which uniquely determines the required frequency. The tuner performs the function of transmitting information about the frequency and type of work from a person to the control unit and contains: a encoder to ensure fine tuning to the desired frequency by turning a round decorative knob on which a working disk with alternating transparent and blackened sectors and a numeric keypad are installed, with which you can also set the exact frequency with the help of a set, as well as the type of work (transceiver, repeater, work at separated frequencies, etc.). The working disk of the encoder is shown in FIG. 3, and the optical interrupt processing circuitry on the optocoupler is shown in FIG. 16. The control unit is the main unit of the described system and monitors and adjusts almost all active units, thermal monitoring of the most powerful elements and the system as a whole, generates control signals for the frequency synthesizer, display unit, contains protocols for the implementation of full multifunctional control using a personal computer and reprogramming the non-volatile memory of the integrated circuits, and also monitors the output voltages of the power supply and with a deviation of more than and 5% corrects them using the feedback loop, and also provides the formation of the Reset signal with a sharp decrease in the supply voltage, which occurs either when the mains voltage is turned off, or when the voltage amplitude fluctuates sufficiently (when the microcontroller's supply voltage drops below the maximum permissible false irreversible entries in memory and its corruption are possible). With a lack of

non-volatile memory connect additional memory chips with interface 12C (up to four chips) to two lines of one and bidirectional ports of the microcontroller of the control unit, an example of their inclusion is shown in FIG. thirteen

The display unit performs the function of visually transmitting information about the current type of work and the frequency of reception / transmission to the human eye and is a liquid crystal LCD single-color indicator with a built-in controller (or without it) with at least two information lines. To ensure the possibility of using the communication system at night, it is necessary to install a backlight lamp with a planar rectilinear divider for uniform illumination of the working field of the indicator.

The comparator unit compares the reference voltage with the actual battery voltage (this mode is only available when operating on rechargeable batteries, but not on the mains) and when the supply voltage decreases, it provides a warning indication and, when approaching the minimum maximum allowable value, it generates a Reset signal to reset

of the microcontroller, since with a decrease in the supply voltage of the microcontroller, irreversible operations of writing random numbers to memory are possible.

The thermal stabilization unit is a buffer unit that connects the effective cooling unit to the control unit and contains temperature sensors (for example, thermistors) installed through the thermally conductive paste on the most powerful elements of the active units and converts the voltage of the thermocouple into a digital four-digit signal, which uniquely determines the unit microcontroller control the temperature of this sensor. The microcontroller adjusts the rotational speed of the cooling fan of this element by applying to the “third output of the fan a binary signal containing information about the required rotational speed. The effective cooling unit performs the function of efficiently removing heat from the surface of the most powerful elements of the active units of the communication system by changing the cooling fan speed control unit by the microcontroller and contains (see Fig. 4): a needle or plate radiator with fins height with a relatively small design heating from 5 to 30 mm, with significant overheating, use the tunnel structure of the radiator with a cylindrical hole to install the fan in the heat (the fan is covered with sides with completely needle or plate radiator elements), while the hot air is vented with normal pressure on the sides, between the plates or needles, and with increased heat pressure in the lower parts of the metal sections, in this case a very high efficiency of heat removal is provided. It is advisable to use the fan from industrially produced series with the following characteristics: the working shaft of the working blades must be mounted on a rolling bearing, the blades and the fan casing must be made of impact-resistant polymer, for example, ABS plastic, and finally, the fan must be made “three-pin (general the wire is black, the positive power wire is red and the shaft speed control wire is blue), and it is advisable to carry out a radiator cast from duralumin with a heat sink.

a power supply unit provides all active units with the required supply voltage necessary for their normal functioning and is made in the form of a powerful pulse voltage converter with a large output load current, with elements to reduce ripple and stabilize the output voltage during mains voltage fluctuations.

and buffer blocks perform signal conversion functions

programming coming from the parallel (LPT port) or serial (COM port) ports of the personal computer to the microcontroller programming signals, while the power of these units can be carried out directly from the + 5V COM port bus. Thanks to the use of these blocks, it is possible to completely reprogram the microcontroller data (i.e., completely change the parameters of the communication system) without dismantling the microcontroller and additional memory chips, as well as control the operation of the system directly using a computer. An embodiment of the buffer block for the COM port is shown in FIG. 17, a, and for the LPT port in FIG. 17.6.

It is advisable that the control unit was made on a separate printed circuit board using surface mounting to reduce the influence of stray capacitances and mounting inductances of the elements used and their conclusions.

It is useful for the control unit to be shielded (the screen is made of aluminum and connected to a common wire) to protect against static electricity and ensure its stable operation by eliminating the effect on the operation of the functioning of the remaining units of the communication system.

It is advisable that the control unit is supplied from a source with a highly stable output voltage to increase the reliability of the microcontroller of the control unit (ensuring that the microcontroller does not discharge at a voltage less than the minimum allowable and overheat at a voltage above the maximum allowable).

Useful for the microcontroller integrated in the control unit

It was installed in a double-row terminal arrangement (DIP-connector) to ensure its quick replacement when it fails, as well as to eliminate the possibility of damage by static electricity during mounting soldering (in this case, the controller is installed after installation of all other elements of the control unit is completed).

It is advisable that to ensure high reliability of the communication system and internal noise immunity, the control unit is connected to the display unit with a seven-core flat cable, moreover, two of them contain transmitted information, and the remaining common wire (GND).

It is useful that the numeric keypad of the settings unit and the indicating unit are made on a common printed circuit board to eliminate the need to use connecting conductors between these nodes, which also increases the overall noise immunity of the communication system from internal and external electromagnetic interference and, as a result, its overall stability.

It is advisable that the filters of the switchable range filter unit are switched using electromechanical relays, which can be controlled using a microcontroller whose bi-directional ports are connected to the relay

through a buffer chip, which is a binary decimal decryptor.

It is useful that the relays of the switchable range filter block be connected directly to the outputs of the decoder chip without introducing additional stages.

It is advisable that the load of the amplifier of the reversible two-stage RF amplifier unit be made in the form of an autotransformer with

midpoint.

It is useful that the load of the block of the first reversible converter is a resonant circuit containing the main inductor and capacitor, as well as two additional trim capacitors to ensure T9chnoy tuning.

It is advisable that two diodes connected in series are included in each arm of the balanced mixer block.

It is useful that diodes with a recovery time of not more than 4 ns are used in the balanced mixer block. and minimum noise figure, type 1N4148.

It is advisable that the control unit consist of from 1 to 4 memory chips with an I2C (Inter Integrated Circuit Bus) interface, consisting of two signal lines for the possibility of implementing complex computer control protocols that consume a lot of non-volatile memory.

It is useful that the block of the second UPCH was made in three stages.

It is advisable that between the first and second stages of the block of the second UPCH was included an additional quartz filter, made in the form of a four-crystal differential bridge filter with a passband of 2.4 kHz.

It is useful that the first transformer of the balanced mixer block be made with an input resistance of at least 2 kOhm.

It is advisable that the voltage of the local oscillator in the block balanced mixer received a value of 0.5 ... 1.3 Volts ..

It is useful that the useful signal — the sound frequency voltage applied to the balanced mixer block — be a value of 0.1 ... 0.3 of the local oscillator voltage of the frequency synthesizer block.

It is advisable that the working part of the rollcoder of the tuner (see Fig. C) be made in the form of a disk of a transparent dense polymer film, on which blackened and transparent sectors alternate.

It is useful that the working disk of the tuner of the tuner was made by printing the blackened sectors of the circle on a transparent A4 film using a black and white laser printer.

It is advisable that the block of the reversible URF was made linear even at high levels of the input signal.

It is useful that the comparator unit contains a two-crystal light-emitting diode, while in the case of a normal supply voltage there is a glow of green light, with a smaller or larger maximum permissible - red.

It is advisable that in the built-in VCOs (voltage controlled oscillators) of the frequency synthesizer block be used

low noise microwave bipolar transistors.

It is useful that the low frequency power amplifier unit be

made with elements for adjusting the output sound voltage level. MO and S S S with the power meets all the requirements of the features of the utility model, namely: the sign of novelty, since analogues that are characterized by a set of features identical to all the features of the claimed technical solution are absent; a sign of the presence of a structural element, since a microcontroller control unit has been introduced, which processes the results of the analysis of the operation of the functional blocks and provides accurate restoration of a single-band signal and high noise immunity of the communication system by controlling the units by changing their characteristics; a sign of the presence of communication between the elements, since the receiving path of the claimed communication system contains interconnected functional blocks: a SWR measurement unit, a low-pass filter unit, an attenuator unit, an antenna switch unit (reversible), a second switch unit (reversible), a switchable range filter unit ( reversible), a block of a reversible two-stage URC, a block of a band-pass filter, a block of a balanced mixer, a block of the first reverse UPCH, a filter block of the main selection (FOS) (reversible), a block of relay to an ommutator (reversible), a second UPCH unit, an additional filtering unit, a two-stage UPCH unit, a second mixer unit, an ULF unit, an audio low-frequency unit, a low-frequency power amplifier unit and an AGC detector unit (automatic gain control); -S S S S according to the criteria of the form of elements execution, since some blocks are made reversible and are used both by the receiving and transmitting paths; the sign of the form of communication between the elements, since the output of the balanced mixer block is connected to the input of the first reversible converter unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the main selection filter block, the output of which is connected to the input of the relay switch block; the sign of the parameters and their relationship, since the communication system has a high efficiency and, as a result, an increased ratio of the output radiated power to the consumed power from the power source and an increased operating distance with a fixed output power compared to a conventional communication system; feature of the material from which the element is made, since the communication system contains thermal stabilization and efficient cooling units, which are controlled by an integrated microcontroller that controls the temperature of the most powerful elements of the specified communication system. The inventive communication system is illustrated by drawings, in which are shown: FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of an original transmitting act of a communication system; Figure 2 is a detailed structural diagram of a multi-function tax communication system, operating under the influence of certain interference with limited average power;

Figure 4 is a drawing of an embodiment of one of the elements of the block

effective cooling;

FIG. 5 is an embodiment of the structural block execution of the buffer

block;

6 - drawings and simplified diagrams of the connectors LPT port (with

the specified numbering of information contacts),

the top left shows the cable connector ... that connects to

the output of the buffer block, at the top left is the connector (female),

which connects to the LPT port of the personal computer, and

COM port (below) with numbering and decoding of destination

information findings;

Fig.7 is one of the traditional block implementation options

SWR measurements

FIG. 8 - two options for performing an attenuator block with various

attenuation values;

FIG. 9 - embodiments of the band-pass filter unit / a) eight-crystal staircase classic; b) four-crystal differential-bridge /;

FIG. 10 - classic embodiments of the modulation unit and

diagrams of the current spectrum for each of them;

FIG. 11 - one of the options for the implementation of the two-stage block

Reversible URF with highly linear frequency response;

FIG. 12 is a full-wave embodiment of a high-frequency amplitude limiter unit and graphs explaining the principle of its operation;

Fig L 4 - two versions of the block amplitude detector

(highly sensitive options);

FIG. 15 - three typical schemes for switching on the KF1015PL4A microcircuit

in the form of a PLL frequency synthesizer (block implementation options

frequency synthesizer);

Fig L 6 is an embodiment of the electronic circuit of the encoder assembly

tuner on domestic optocouplers;

FigL7 - embodiments of the buffer blocks (for the COM port

above and for the LPT port below) .;

A multifunctional communication system 1, operating under conditions of exposure to undetermined interference with limited average power, includes 3 transmitting and receiving 4 paths interconnected and mounted on a common chassis 2, and the communication system 1 is equipped with modulation units 5, signal separation 6, and separate processing of the component signals 7 and restore the original modulated signal 8, and the pathogen 9 of the transmission path 3 of the communication system 1 is made with elements of the formation of a single-band signal 10 corresponding to the need type of radiation (with a fully or partially suppressed carrier - emission classes R3E, H3E or J3E), as well as with elements for dividing 11 of the original single-band signal into two components - the envelope signal Uor (t) and the RF signal with angular modulation of constant amplitude of the form U ) H t + p (t) where

sleep-carrier frequency, a (p (t) is the function of the phase change time, stages 12 of processing these signals (pre-amplifier PU for the signal with angular modulation and a powerful envelope amplifier MUO for the envelope signal) are made with amplification elements of high-frequency signals 13, protection against interference and electromagnetic

crosstalk 14, linearization of dynamic amplification characteristics 15 and comparing and equalizing levels of high-frequency signals 16, the multiplier 17 of the recovery site of the original modulated signal 8 has a terminal stage 18, which is made with elements 19 of powerful multiplication of the separated signals to restore the signal with single-band modulation (cascades from collector or anode modulation), and the active units 20 of the receiving 4 and transmitting 3 paths of the communication system 1 have a common microcontroller 21 of the control unit 22 for aligning the level of the separated signals, the formation of linear characteristics of the amplification elements of the high-frequency signals and the same time delay of the envelope signals and with frequency modulation, and between the blocks of the band-pass filter 23 and the block of the high-frequency amplitude limiter 24 of the transmitting path 3, a time delay unit 25 is installed, while the receiving path 4 is made in the form of interconnected blocks - (see figure 2): measuring unit SWR 26, block "television filter 27, block attenuator 28,

the unit of the antenna switch 29 (common for the receiving and transmitting paths), the block of the second switch 30 (made common for the receiving

and transmitting paths of the communication system), a switchable band-pass filter block 31, a two-stage reversible URF block 32, an auxiliary filter block 33, a balanced mixer block 34, a reverse amplifier block 35 (when received, this is the first reverse UPCh block), the main selection filter block (FOS) 36, a relay switch unit 37 (made common for the receiving and transmitting paths of the communication system), a second UPCH 38 unit, an additional filtering unit 39, a two-stage UPCh 40 unit, a second mixer unit 41, a ULF unit 42, a lower filter unit their frequencies

(.

the audio range 43, the low-frequency power amplifier unit 44, the AGC detector unit 45 (automatic gain control) and the acoustic monitor unit 46, and the transmission path 3 of the communication system 1 is made in the form of interconnected units: a microphone unit 47, a microphone amplifier unit 48, a block for raising the high frequencies of the audio range 49, a block for limiting the amplitude of the audio signal 50, a block for a low-pass filter 51, a block for an amplifier for an audio signal 52, a block for modulation 53, a block for a band-pass filter 54, a block for a time delay 55, a block for co-frequency amplitude limiter 56, RF amplifier block 57, second mixer block 58, relay switch block 37 (made common for the receiving and transmitting paths of the communication system), main selection filter block 36 (FOS), reverse amplifier block 35, balanced mixer block 34 , an auxiliary filter unit 33, a reversible two-stage URF 32 unit, a second switch unit 30 (made common for the receiving and transmitting paths of the communication system), an amplitude detector unit 59, an envelope amplification unit 60, a pulse width module meat modulator 61, the low-power amplifier block

pulse signals 62, block low-power filter 63, block powerful amplifier pulse signals 64, block powerful filter 65, block

low-power multiplier 66, power-multiplier-unit 67, switchable band-pass filter unit 31, “television filter 27” unit, SWR measurement unit 26, high-frequency output power measuring unit 68, while frequency synthesizer units 69, operation control 22 of communication system 1, power supply 70, settings 71, indications 72, effective cooling 73, thermal stabilization 74, comparator 75, acoustic monitor 46, buffer units (the first type is for the COM port 76 and the second type is for the LPT port 77), and

i

switching units 29 and 30 are used both by the receiving 4 and transmitting 3 paths of the communication system 1 and are reversible, while in the receiving path 4 of the communication system 1 the output of the measuring unit SWR 26 is connected to the input of the unit “television filter 27, the output of which is connected to the input of the unit attenuator 28, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the antenna switch unit 29, the first output of the antenna switch unit 29 is connected to the input of the second switch unit

30, the output of which is connected to the input of the reversible two-stage RF amplifier block 32, the output of the latter is connected to the bandpass filter block 33, the output of which is connected to the first input of the balanced mixer block 34, the first output of the frequency synthesizer block 69 is connected to the second input with a frequency of Fc , selected from the frequency range control unit programmed into the built-in microcontroller (frequency grid), the output of the balanced mixer block 34 is connected to the input of the first reversible converter unit 35, the output of the latter is connected is connected to the input of the main selection filter block 36, the output of which is connected to the input of the relay switch unit 37, the first output of the relay switch unit 37 is connected to the input of the second UPCH 38 unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the additional filtering unit 39, the output of the last is connected to the input of the two-stage unit UPCH 40, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second mixer unit 41, the second input of the second mixer unit 1 is connected to the second output of the frequency synthesizer unit 69 with frequency FI, the output of the second mixer unit 41 is connected to the input to the VLF unit 42, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the low-pass filter unit of the audio range 43, the output of which is connected to the input of the low-frequency power amplifier unit 44, the output of the latter is connected to the acoustic monitor unit 46, the output of the second amplifier unit 38

connected to the input of the AGC detector block 45, the output of which is connected to the output of the ULF unit 29, while in the transmitting path 3 of the described communication system 1, the output of the microphone unit 47 is connected to the input of the microphone amplifier unit 48, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the high-frequency block of the audio range 49, the output of which is connected to the input of the block of the limiter of the amplitude of the audio signal 50, the output of which is connected to the input of the low-pass filter unit 51, the output of which is connected to the input of the block of the amplifier of the audio signal 52, the output of which is connected the first input of the modulation unit 53, the second output of the frequency synthesizer unit 69 with a frequency FI is connected to the second input of the modulation unit 53, the output of the modulation unit 53 is connected to the input of the bandpass filter unit 54, the output of which is connected to the input of the time delay unit 55, the output of which is connected to the input unit of the high-frequency amplitude limiter 56, the output of which is connected to the input of the RF amplifier unit 57, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second mixer unit 58, the second input of the second mixer unit 58 is connected to the third output of the syn frequency scans 69 with frequency F2, the output of the second mixer unit 58 is connected to the input of the relay switch unit 37, the output of which is connected to the main selection filter block 36, the output of which is connected to the input of the reverse amplifier unit 35, the output of which is connected to the first input of the balanced mixer unit 34 , the second input of the balanced mixer block 34 is connected to the first output of the frequency synthesizer block 69 with a frequency Fc selected from the frequency range programmed in the non-volatile memory of the integrated microcontroller of the block

two-stage RF amplifier 32, the output of which is connected to the input of the second switch unit 30, the output of the bandpass filter unit 30 is connected to the input of the amplitude detector unit 59, the output of which is connected to the input of the envelope amplification unit 60, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the pulse-width modulator unit 61, output which is connected to the input of the low-power pulse signal amplifier block 62 and connected to the input of the high-power pulse signal amplifier block 64, the fourth output of the frequency synthesizer block 69 with the FT frequency is connected to the latitude block o-width modulator 61, the output unit low power amplifier pulse signals 62 connected to the input of the low power filter 63, the output power amplifier pulse signals assembly 64 is connected to the input of the high-power filter 65, a first input of a low-power multiplier 66 is connected to the second output of the switch unit 30; the second input of the first block is connected to the output of the low-power filter block 63, the first input of the high-power multiplier block 67 is connected to the output of the low-power multiplier block 66; the second input of the first is connected to the output of the power filter unit 65, the output of the power multiplier unit 67 is connected to the input of the switchable range filter unit 31, the output of which is connected to the input of the antenna switch unit 29, the output of the last

connected to the input of the block "television filter 27, the output of which is connected to the input of the measuring unit of the SWR 26, the output of which is connected

to the input of the unit for measuring the output power at a high frequency of 68, the outputs of the power supply 70 are connected to all active units with

value of current and current required for each

i

connected to all active units of the communication system 1 to monitor their operation and, if necessary, its

correction, as well as with the encoder 78 of the tuner 71 for manual fine tuning by turning the knob, and. with a digital multi-function keyboard 79 tuner 71; the outputs of the control unit 22 are connected to the inputs of the block of the frequency synthesizer 69 and with the block. thermal stabilization 74, bidirectional ports 80 (inputs / outputs) of the integrated microcontroller 21 of the control unit 22 are connected to the inputs / outputs of the buffer units 76 and 77, the outputs / inputs of which are connected via a flat or twisted shielded cable to a serial (COM port) or parallel (LPT port) by the ports of a personal computer (using such a connection, data can be transmitted both in the direction “computer-communication system, and in the opposite direction, one of the multi-signal data buses of the microcontroller 21 built into the control unit 22, connected to the input of the display unit 72, while the control unit 22 is made on a separate printed circuit board using surface mounting to reduce the influence of stray capacitances and inductances of the used elements and their conclusions, or is shielded (the screen is made of aluminum and connected to a common wire) to protect against static electricity and ensure its stable operation by eliminating the impact on the operation of the functioning results of the remaining units of the communication system 1, power supply unit and control 22 was carried out from a source with a highly stable output voltage to increase reliability

maximum permissible), the microcontroller 21 integrated in the control unit 22 is installed in the double-row terminal (DEP) connector to ensure its quick replacement when it fails, and also to eliminate the possibility of damage by static electricity during mounting soldering (controller 21 in this case, after the installation of all the other elements of the control unit 22) is completed, the control unit 22 is connected to the display unit 72 with a seven-core flat cable, moreover, two of them contain redavaemuyu information, and the remaining common conductor (GND), numeric keypad 79 setting unit 71 and the display unit 72 formed on a common printed circuit board to eliminate. the need to use connecting conductors between these nodes, which also increases the overall noise immunity of the communication system from internal and external electromagnetic interference and, as a result, its overall stability, the filters of the switchable range filter unit 31 are switched using electromechanical relays, which can be controlled using a microcontroller 21 whose bidirectional ports are connected to the relay through a buffer chip, which is a binary decimal decoder, relay block low-range filters 31 are connected directly to the outputs of the decoder chip without introducing additional stages, the load of the amplifier of the reversible two-stage URC 32 is in the form of an autotransformer with a midpoint, the load of the first reversible UPCH 35 is a resonant circuit containing the main inductor and capacitor, as well as two additional trim capacitors for the ability to provide fine tuning, in each arm of the balanced block

of the mixer 34, two diodes are connected in series, diodes with a recovery time of not more than 4 ns are used in the block of the balanced mixer 34. and a minimum noise figure, for example, of type 1N4148, the control unit 22 has from 1 to 4 memory chips with an I2C interface (Inter Integrated Circuit Bus), consisting of two signal lines for the possibility of implementing complex computer control protocols that consume a lot of non-volatile memory (for the connection option, see Fig. 13, the block of the second UPCH 38 is made in three stages, between the first and second stages of the block of the second UPCH 38 an additional quartz filter is included, made in the form of a four-crystal differential bridge filter and with a bandwidth of 2.4 kHz, the first transformer of the balanced mixer block 34 is made with an input resistance of at least 2 kOhm, the local oscillator voltage enters the balanced mixer block 34 with a value of 0.5 ... 1.3 Volts, the useful signal is the audio frequency voltage supplied to the balanced mixer block 34 is a value of 0.1 ... 0.3 of the local oscillator voltage of the frequency synthesizer block 69, the working part of the encoder 78 of the tuner 71 (see Fig. 3) is made in the form of a disk of a transparent dense polymer film, on which blackened and transparent sectors alternate, the working disk of the encoder 78 of tuner 71 is made by printing blackened circle sectors on a transparent A4 film using a black and white laser printer, block the reversible URC 32 is linear even at high levels of the input signal, the comparator unit contains a two-crystal light-emitting diode, while in the case of a normal supply voltage there is a green light, with less I eat or

(voltage-controlled oscillators) of a frequency synthesizer block 69

low-noise microwave bipolar transistors are used, the low-frequency power amplifier unit 31 is made with elements

adjust the output sound voltage level.

The multifunctional communication system is as follows.

First, a multifunctional system is prepared for operation

communication 1, operating under the influence of uncertain interference with limited average power, which includes interconnecting and mounted on a common chassis 2 transmitting 3 and receiving 4 paths, moreover, communication system 1 is equipped with modulation nodes 5, signal separation 6, separate processing of component signals 7 and restore the original modulated signal 8, and the pathogen 9 of the transmission path 3 of the communication system 1 is made with elements of the formation of a single-band signal 10 corresponding to the desired type of radiation ( with a fully or partially suppressed carrier - emission classes R3E, H3E or J3E), as well as with elements for dividing 11 of the original single-band signal into two components - the envelope signal Uor (t) and the RF signal with angular modulation of constant amplitude of the form U t + p ( t) where

shn-carrier frequency, a cp (t) - function of time of phase change, cascades

12 processing of these signals (pre-amplifier PU for

,

the signal with angular modulation and a powerful envelope amplifier MUO for the envelope signal) are made with elements of amplification of high-frequency signals 13, protection against interference and electromagnetic interference 14, linearization of dynamic amplification characteristics 15 and comparison and leveling of high-frequency signals 16,

$

the multiplier 17 of the recovery unit of the initial modulated signal 8 has a terminal stage 18, which is made with elements 19 of powerful multiplication of the separated signals to restore the signal with single-band modulation (cascades with collector or anode modulation), and the active blocks 20 of the receiving 4 and transmitting 3 paths of the communication system 1 have a common microcontroller 21 of the control unit 22 for leveling the levels separated

signals, the formation of linear characteristics of the amplification elements of high-frequency signals and the same time delay of the envelope signals and with frequency modulation, and between the blocks of the band-pass filter 23 and the block of the high-frequency amplitude limiter 24 of the transmitting path 3, a time delay unit 25 is installed, while the receiving path 4 is made in the form of interconnected between each other blocks - (see figure 2): measuring unit SWR 26, block "television filter 27, block attenuator 28, block antenna switch 29 (common for receiving and transmitting paths), a block of the second switch 30 (made common for the receiving and transmitting paths of the communication system), a block of switchable band filters 31, a block of a reversible two-stage URC 32, a block of an auxiliary filter 33, a block of a balanced mixer 34,

block of the reverse amplifier 35 (when received, this is the block of the first

reverse UPCH), filter block of the main selection (FOS) 36, block

relay switch 37 (made common for the receiving and transmitting paths of the communication system), block of the second UPCH 38, block of additional filtering 39, block of two-stage UPCh 40, block of the second mixer 41, block VLF 42, block low-pass filter

an acoustic monitor 46, and the transmission path 3 of the communication system 1 is made in the form of interconnected blocks: a microphone unit 47, a microphone amplifier unit 48, a high-frequency range raising block of the audio range 49, an audio signal amplitude limiting unit 50, a low-pass filter unit 51, a block an audio signal amplifier 52, a modulation unit 53, a bandpass filter unit 54, a time delay unit 55, a high-frequency amplitude limiter unit 56, an RF amplifier unit 57, a second mixer unit 58, a relay switch unit 37 (made for the receiving and transmitting paths of the communication system), the filter of the main selection filter 36 (FOS), the block of the reverse amplifier 35, the block of the balanced mixer 34, the block of the auxiliary filter 33, the block of the reversible two-stage URC 32, the block of the second switch 30 (made common for the receiver and transmission paths of the communication system), an amplitude detector unit 59, an envelope amplification unit 60, a pulse-width modulator block 61, a low-power pulse signal amplifier block 62, a low-power filter block 63, and a high-power pulse amplifier block 64 signals, a power filter unit 65, a low power multiplier unit 66, a power multiplier unit 67, a switchable band filter unit 31, a television filter unit 27, an SWR measurement unit 26, a high frequency output power measurement unit 68, and frequency synthesizer units 69, operation control 22 of the communication system 1, power 70, settings 71, indications 72, effective cooling 73, thermal stabilization 74, comparator 75, acoustic monitor 46, buffer units (first

this, in the receiving path 4 of the communication system 1, the output of the SWR measurement unit 26 is connected to the input of the “television filter 27” unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the attenuator unit 28, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the antenna switch unit 29, the first output of the antenna switch unit 29 is connected to the input unit of the second switch 30, the output of which is connected to the input of the reversible two-stage RF amplifier 32, the output of the latter is connected to the bandpass filter unit 33, the output of which is connected to the first input of the balanced mixer block 34, to the second the input of the balanced mixer block 34 is connected to the first output of the frequency synthesizer block 69 with a frequency Fc selected from the frequency range programmed into the built-in microcontroller (frequency grid), the output of the balanced mixer block 34 is connected to the input of the first reversible UPCH 35 unit, the output of the last is connected to the input the filter block of the main selection 36, the output of which is connected to the input of the relay switch unit 37, the first output of the relay switch unit 37 is connected to the input of the second UPCH unit 38, the output of which is connected to the input of the additional filtering unit 39, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the two-stage amplifier unit 40, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second mixer unit 41, the second input of the second mixer unit 41 is connected to the second output of the frequency synthesizer unit 69 with frequency FI, the output of the second unit mixer 41 is connected to the input of the ULF unit 42, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the lower filter unit

frequency range of the audio range 43, the output of which is connected to the input of the low-power power amplifier unit 44, the output of the latter is connected to the acoustic monitor unit 46, the output of the second amplifier unit 38 is connected to the input of the AGC detector unit 45, the output of which is connected to the output of the ULF unit 29, in the transmission path 3 described

communication systems 1, the output of the microphone unit 47 is connected to the input of the unit of the microphone amplifier 48, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the high-frequency block of the audio range 49, the output of which is connected to the input of the block of the amplitude limiter of the audio signal 50, the output of which is connected to the input of the low-pass filter unit 51 the output of which is connected to the input of the block of the amplifier of the audio signal 52, the output of which is connected to the first input of the modulation unit 53, the second output of the block of the frequency synthesizer 69 is connected to the second input FI, the output of modulation unit 53 is connected to the input of the band-pass filter unit 54, the output of which is connected to the input of the time delay unit 55, the output of which is connected to the input of the high-frequency amplitude limiter unit 56, the output of which is connected to the input of the RF amplifier unit 57, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second mixer unit 58, the second input of the second mixer unit 58 is connected to the third output of the frequency synthesizer unit 69 with a frequency of F2, the output of the second mixer unit 58 is connected to the input of the relay switch unit 37, the output of which oedinon from the filter selection unit core 36, whose output is connected to the input of block

a reverse amplifier 35, the output of which is connected to the first input of the balanced mixer block 34, the second input of the balanced mixer block 34 is connected to the first output of the frequency synthesizer 69 with a frequency Fc selected from the frequency range programmed in the non-volatile memory of the integrated microcontroller of the communication system operation control unit ( frequency grid), the output of the balanced mixer block 34 is connected to the input of the bandpass filter block 33, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the reversible two-stage RF amplifier 32, the output of which connected to the input of the block of the second switch 30, the output of the block of the bandpass filter 30 is connected

to the input of the amplitude detector unit 59, the output of which is connected to the input of the envelope amplification unit 60, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the pulse-width modulator block 61, the output of which is connected to the input of the low-power pulse signal amplifier block 62 and connected to the input of the powerful pulse-signal amplifier block 64 , fourth output of a block of a synthesizer of frequencies 69 with a clock frequency FT

connected to the block of the pulse-width modulator 61, the output of the low-power pulse signal amplifier block 62 is connected to the input of the low-power filter block 63, the output of the high-power pulse signal amplifier block 64 is connected to the input of the high-power filter block 65, the first input of the low-power multiplier block 66 is connected to the output of the second block switch 30; the second input of the first block is connected to the output of the low-power filter block 63, the first input of the high-power multiplier block 67 is connected to the output of the low-power multiplier block 66; the second input of the first is connected to the output of the power filter unit 65, the output of the power multiplier unit 67 is connected to the input of the switchable range filter unit 31, the output of which is connected to the input of the antenna switch unit 29, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the unit “television filter 27, the output of which is connected to the input of the measuring unit of the SWR 26, the output of which is connected to the input of the measuring unit of the output power at a high frequency 68, the outputs of the power supply 70 are connected to all active blocks with

the voltage and current required for the operation of each specific active unit, as well as to the thermal stabilization units 60, effective cooling 59, comparator 61, frequency synthesizer 69, settings 71 and to the control unit 22, the inputs of the control unit 22 are connected to all active units of the communication system 1 for correction, as well as with the encoder 78 of the tuner 71 for manual fine tuning by turning the knob, and with the digital multifunction keyboard 79 of the tuner 71; the outputs of the control unit 22 are connected to the inputs of the frequency synthesizer unit 69 and to the thermostabilization unit 74, bidirectional ports 80 (inputs / outputs) of the integrated microcontroller 21 of the control unit 22 are connected to the inputs / outputs of the buffer units 76 and 77, the outputs / inputs of which are flat or twisted the shielded cable connects to the serial (COM port) or parallel (LPT port) ports of the personal computer (using this connection, data can be transmitted both in the direction of the “computer-communication system, and in the opposite direction, one of the multi-signal data buses of the microcontroller 21, integrated in the control unit 22, is connected to the input of the display unit 72, while the control unit 22 is made on a separate printed circuit board using surface mounting to reduce the influence of stray capacitances and inductances of the installation of the elements used and their conclusions, or shielded (the screen is made of aluminum and connected to a common wire) to protect against static electricity and ensure its stable operation by eliminating the effect on operation of the results of the operation of the remaining units of the communication system 1, the control unit 22 was supplied from a source with a highly stable output voltage to increase the reliability of the microcontroller 21 of the control unit 22 (ensuring that the microcontroller 21 does not discharge at a voltage less than the minimum allowable and overheating at a voltage above

the location of the terminals (IP-connector) to ensure its quick replacement when it fails, as well as to eliminate the possibility of damage by static electricity during mounting soldering (controller 21 in this case is installed after installation of all other elements of the control unit 22 is completed) control unit 22 connected to the display unit 72 with a seven-core flat cable, two of which contain the transmitted information, and the remaining common wire (GND), the numeric keypad 79 of the settings unit 71 and the display unit 72 are made and a common printed circuit board to eliminate the need to use connecting conductors between these nodes, which also increases the overall noise immunity of the communication system from internal and external electromagnetic interference and, as a result, its overall stability, the filters of the switchable range filter unit 31 are switched using electromechanical relays, the control of which can be implemented using microcontroller 21, the bi-directional ports of which are connected to the relay through a buffer chip, which is a binary the decimal decoder, the relay of the switchable bandpass filter unit 31 are connected directly to the outputs of the decoder chip without introducing additional stages, the load of the amplifier of the reversible two-stage URC 32 unit is made in the form of an autotransformer with a midpoint, load

of the first reversible converter unit 35 is a resonant circuit containing the main inductor and capacitor, as well as two additional trim capacitors to ensure fine tuning, two diodes connected in series to each arm of the balanced mixer block 34 are connected in series, diodes are used in the balanced mixer block 34 with time

recovery no more than 4 not. and the minimum noise figure, for example, type 1N4148, the control unit 22 has in its composition from 1 to

4 memory chips with an interface I C (Inter Integrated Circuit Bus), consisting of two signal lines for the possibility of implementing complex computer control protocols that take up a lot of non-volatile memory (for the connection option, see Fig. 13, the block of the second UCH 38 is made in three stages, between the first and the second cascades of the block of the second UPCH 38 includes an additional quartz filter made in the form of a four-crystal differential bridge filter with a passband of 2.4 kHz, the first transformer of the balanced mixer block 34 is made with input resistance of at least 2 kOhm, the local oscillator voltage enters the balanced mixer block 34 with a value of 0.5 ... 1.3 Volts, the useful signal is the sound frequency voltage supplied to the balanced

mixer 34, is a value component 0.1 ... 0.3 of the local oscillator voltage of the frequency synthesizer unit 69, the working part of the encoder 78

tuner 71 (see FIG. 3) is made in the form of a disk of a transparent dense polymer film, on which blackened and transparent sectors alternate, the working disk of the encoder 78 of tuner 71 is made by printing blackened circle sectors on a transparent A4 film using a laser black and white printer, the reversible URCH 32 unit is linear even at high levels

the input signal, the comparator unit contains a two-crystal light-emitting diode, while in the case of a normal supply voltage there is a green light, with a lower or higher maximum permissible - red, in the built-in VCOs (voltage-controlled generators) of the frequency synthesizer block 69 low-noise microwave bipolar transistors are used, block

L

the low-frequency power amplifier 31 is made with elements for adjusting the output sound voltage level, after connecting all the communication system blocks and preparing for operation, the system is connected to an electric, voltage source, the information is received and / or transmitted, then the power supply is turned off, after which the cycle the work is repeated.

1. A multifunctional communication system that operates under the influence of undetermined interference with limited average power, including transmitting and receiving paths interconnected and mounted on a common chassis, characterized in that the communication system is equipped with modulation, signal separation, separate signal processing and recovery nodes the original modulated signal, and the pathogen of the transmission path of the communication system is made with elements of the formation of a single-band signal corresponding the desired type of radiation (with a fully or partially suppressed carrier - emission classes R3E, H3E or J3E), as well as with elements for dividing the original single-band signal into two components - the envelope signal Uor (t) and the RF signal with angular modulation of constant amplitude of the form U t + p (t), where the sleep carrier frequency, and cp (t) is the time function

phase changes, cascades of processing these signals (pre-amplifier PU for the signal with angular modulation and a powerful envelope amplifier MUO for the envelope signal) are made with elements of amplification of high-frequency signals, protection from interference and

electromagnetic interference linearization of dynamic amplifying

characteristics and comparison and alignment of high-frequency levels

elements of powerful multiplication of separated signals to restore a signal with single-band modulation (cascades with collector or anode modulation), and the active blocks of the receiving and transmitting paths of the communication system have a common microcontroller of the control unit for leveling

separated signals, the formation of linear characteristics

amplification elements of high-frequency signals and the same time

delays of envelope signals and with frequency modulation, moreover between the bandpass filter blocks and the high-frequency amplitude block

block of the transmitting path, a time delay unit is installed, while the receiving path is made in the form of interconnected blocks - (see figure 2): the SWR measurement unit, the TV filter unit, the attenuator unit, the antenna unit, the switch (common for the receiving and transmitting paths), a block of the second switch (made common for the receiving and transmitting paths of the communication system), a block of switchable band filters, a block of a reversible two-stage URF, a block of an auxiliary filter, a block of a balanced mixer, a block a reverse amplifier (when receiving, this is the block of the first reverse UHFG), the main selection filter block (FOS), the relay switch block (made common for the receiving and transmitting paths of the communication system), the second converter unit, the additional filtering unit, the two-stage amplifier unit, the second mixer unit , ULF block, low-pass filter block, audio range, block

a low-frequency power amplifier, an AGC detector unit (automatic gain control) and an acoustic monitor unit, and the transmission path is made of a system by interconnecting units: a microphone unit, a microphone amplifier unit, a unit for raising the high frequencies of the audio range, unit

t

limitations of the amplitude of the audio signal, the low-pass filter unit, the audio signal amplifier block, the modulation block, the band-pass filter block, the time delay block, the high-frequency amplitude limiter block, the high-frequency amplifier block, the second mixer block, the relay switch block (made common for the receiving and transmitting paths of the communication system), the filter block of the main selection (FOS), the block of the reverse amplifier, the block of the balanced mixer, the block of the auxiliary filter, the block of the reversible two-stage URC, the block of the second a mutator (made common for the receiving and transmitting paths of a communication system), an amplitude detector block, an envelope amplification block, a pulse-width modulator block, a low-power pulse signal amplifier block, a low-power filter block, a high-power pulse signal amplifier block, a powerful filter block, and a low-power multiplier block , a block of a powerful multiplier, a block of switchable range filters, a block of a “television filter, a block for measuring the SWR, a block for measuring the output power by

high frequency, while the blocks of the frequency synthesizer, operation control, power, settings, indications, effective cooling,

thermal stabilization, a comparator, an acoustic monitor, buffer units (the first type for the COM port and the second type for the LPT port), the switching units, as well as the display unit are used by both the receiving and transmitting paths of the communication system and are reversible, while in the receiving path of the communication system, the output of the SWR measurement unit is connected to the input of the “television filter” unit, the output of which

(

which is connected to the input of the reversible two-stage RF amplifier unit, the output of the latter is connected to the bandpass filter unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of the balanced mixer unit, the first output of the frequency synthesizer unit is connected to the second input of the frequency synthesizer unit with frequency Fc, selected from the programmed into the built-in microcontroller frequency range control unit (frequency grid), balanced block output

the mixer is connected to the input of the block of the first reversible converter, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the filter block of the main selection, the output of which is connected to the input of the block of the relay switch, the first output of the block of the relay switch is connected to the input of the block of the second converter, the output of which is connected to the input of the additional filtering block, output the latter is connected to the input of the two-stage amplifier unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second mixer unit, the second input of the second mixer unit is connected to the second output of the synthesizer unit of frequencies with frequency FI, the output of the second mixer unit is connected to the input of the VLF unit, the output of the latter is connected to the input

sound filter low-pass filter unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the low-frequency power amplifier unit, output

the latter is connected to the acoustic monitor unit, the unit output

the second UPC is connected to the input of the AGC detector unit, the output of which is connected to the output of the VLF unit, while in the transmitting path

of the described communication system, the output of the microphone unit is connected to the input of the microphone amplifier unit, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the high-frequency block of the audio range, the output of which is connected to the input of the audio limiter block, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the low-pass filter unit, the output of which is connected to audio amplifier block input

I

(

a signal whose output is connected to the first input of the modulation block, the second output of the frequency synthesizer block with a frequency of FI is connected to the second input of the modulation block, the output of the modulation block is connected to the input of the bandpass filter block, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the time delay block, the output of which is connected to the input unit of a high-frequency amplitude limiter, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the RF amplifier unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second mixer unit, the second input of the second mixer unit is connected to the fifth output of the frequency synthesizer unit with a frequency of F2, the output of the second mixer unit is connected to the input of the relay switch unit, the output of which is connected to the main selection filter unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the reversing amplifier unit, the output of the latter is connected to the first input of the balanced mixer unit, the second input of the balanced mixer block is connected to the first output of the frequency synthesizer block with a frequency Fc selected from the frequency range programmed in the non-volatile memory of the integrated microcontroller bl control window for the operation of the communication system (frequency grid), the input of the balanced mixer block is connected to the input of the bandpass filter block, the output of which is connected to the input of the reversible two-stage RF amplifier block, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the second switch block, the output of the bandpass filter block is connected to the input of the amplitude detector block whose output is connected to the input of the envelope amplification unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the pulse-width modulator block, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the low-power amplifier impu signals and is connected to the input of the block of a powerful amplifier of pulsed signals, the fourth output of the block of the frequency synthesizer with a clock frequency FT is connected to the block of the pulse-width

modulator, the output of the low-power pulse signal amplifier block is connected to the input of the low-power filter block, the output of the high-power block

pulse signal amplifier is connected to the input of a powerful

filter, the first input of the low-power multiplier unit is connected to the output of the second switch unit; the second input of the first block is connected to the output of the low-power filter block, the first input of the powerful multiplier block is connected to the output of the low-power block

multiplier; the second input of the first is connected to the output of the power filter unit, the output of the power multiplier unit is connected to the input of the switchable range filter unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the antenna switch unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the “television filter” unit, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the SWR measurement unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the high-frequency output power measuring unit, the outputs of the power supply are connected to all active units with the voltage and current required for each th particular active unit, as well as thermal stabilization units, efficient cooling, a comparator, a frequency synthesizer, and settings to block

the controls, the inputs of the control unit are connected to all active units, communication systems for monitoring the work and, if necessary, its correction, as well as with the tuning encoder for manual fine tuning by turning the knob and with the digital multifunction keyboard of the tuning unit; block outputs

control units are connected to the inputs of the frequency synthesizer unit and to the thermal stabilization unit, bidirectional ports (inputs / outputs) of the built-in microcontroller of the control unit are connected to the inputs / outputs of the buffer unit, the outputs / inputs of which are connected to a serial cable through a flat or twisted shielded cable

(COM port) or parallel (LPT port) ports of a personal computer (using such a connection, data can be transmitted both in the direction “computer-communication system and in the opposite direction, one of the multi-signal data buses of the microcontroller integrated in the control unit, connected to the input of the display unit, while the control unit is made on a separate printed circuit board using surface mounting to reduce the influence of stray capacitances and inductances of the installation of the elements used and their conclusions, or made shielded (the screen is made of aluminum and connected to a common wire) to protect against static electricity and ensure its stable operation by eliminating the impact on the operation of the functioning of the remaining units of the communication system, the control unit is powered from a source with a highly stable output voltage to increase the reliability of the microcontroller control unit (ensuring the absence of microcontroller discharges at voltage less than the minimum allowable and overheating at voltage higher than the maximum allowable), the microcontroller integrated in the control unit is installed in a double-row terminal arrangement (DIP-connector) to ensure its quick replacement when it fails, as well as to eliminate the possibility of damage by static electricity during mounting soldering (the controller in in this case, it is installed after the installation of all other elements of the control unit is completed), the control unit is connected to the display unit with a seven-core flat cable, and two of them contain The transmitted information, and the remaining need to use connecting conductors between these nodes, which also increases the overall noise immunity of the communication system from internal and external electromagnetic interference and, as a result, its overall stability, the filters of the switchable range filter unit are switched using electromechanical relays, which are controlled by using a microcontroller whose bidirectional ports are connected to a relay

through a buffer microcircuit, which is a binary decimal decoder, the relays of the switchable range filter block are connected directly to the outputs of the decoder chip without introducing additional stages, the load of the amplifier of the reversible two-stage RF amplifier is made in the form of an autotransformer with a midpoint, the load of the block of the first reverse IF is a resonant circuit containing the main inductor and capacitor, as well as two additional trim capacitors for the possibility of especheniya fine adjustment in each arm of the balanced mixer block is enabled by two diodes connected in series, in the balanced mixer block used diodes recovery time of not more than 4 ns. and the minimum noise figure, for example, type 1N4148, the control unit incorporates from 1 to 4 memory chips with

IC interface (Inter Integrated Circuit Bus), consisting of two signal lines for the possibility of implementing complex computer control protocols that consume a lot of non-volatile memory, the second UPCH unit is made in three stages, an additional quartz filter made in the form of a four-crystal differential circuit is connected between the first and second stages of the second UPCH unit -bridge filter with a bandwidth of 2.4 kHz;; - jy the first transformer of the balanced mixer block is made with an input impedance of at least 2 kOhm, the heterode voltage 0.5 to 1.3 volts is supplied to the balanced mixer block, the useful signal is the audio frequency voltage supplied to the balanced dme block, the slit is a component of 0.1 ... 0.3 of the voltage ft / v J t of the frequency synthesizer unit, the working part of the encoder1 is 1, u (fcPS (r settings are made in the form of a disk of a transparent dense polymer film, on which blackened and transparent sectors alternate, the working disk of the valcoder of the tuner is made by printing the blackened circle sectors on a transparent film A4 format with help a black and white laser printer, the reversible RF amplifier unit is linear even at high input signal levels, the comparator unit contains a two-crystal light emitting diode, and in the case of a normal supply voltage there is a green light, with a lower or higher maximum permissible red, in built-in VCOs (generators controlled by voltage) of the frequency synthesizer block, low-noise microwave bipolar transistors are used, and the low-frequency power amplifier block is made with level adjustment elements nya sound output voltage. 2. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit is made on a separate printed circuit board using surface mounting to reduce the influence of stray mounting capacities of the used elements and their conclusions. 3. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit I

4. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit is supplied from a source with a highly stable output voltage to increase the reliability of the microcontroller of the control unit (ensuring that the microcontroller is not discharged at a voltage less than the minimum allowable and overheat when the voltage is above the maximum maximum allowable) .

5. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that the microcontroller integrated in the control unit is installed in a double-row terminal arrangement (DEP-connector) to ensure its quick replacement when it fails, as well as to eliminate the possibility of damage by static electricity during mounting soldering (the controller in this case is installed after the installation of all other elements of the control unit is completed).

6. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to ensure high reliability of the communication system and internal noise immunity, the control unit is connected to the display unit with a seven-core flat cable, two of which contain transmitted information, and the rest contain a common wire (GND )

7. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that the digital keyboard of the settings unit and the display unit are made on a common printed circuit board to eliminate the need to use connecting conductors between these nodes, which also increases the overall noise immunity of the communication system from internal and external

electromagnetic interference and, as a consequence, its overall stability.

8. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter of the switchable range filter unit is switched using electromechanical relays, which are controlled with

using a microcontroller whose bi-directional ports are connected to the relay through a buffer chip, which is a binary decimal decoder.

9. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that the relays of the switchable band-pass filter unit are connected directly to the outputs of the decoder chip without introducing additional stages.

10. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that the load of the amplifier unit of the reversible two-stage URC is made in the form of an autotransformer with a midpoint.

11. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that the load of the block of the first reversible IF is a resonant circuit containing the main inductor and capacitor, as well as two additional trim capacitors to ensure fine tuning.

 12. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that two diodes connected in series are included in each arm of the balanced mixer block.

13. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that diodes with a recovery time of not more than 4 ns are used in the balanced mixer block. and minimum noise figure, type 1N4148.

14. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit comprises from 1 to 4 memory chips with an I2C interface (Inter Integrated Circuit Bus), consisting of two signal lines, for the possibility of implementing complex computer control protocols that occupy a lot of non-volatile memory.

15. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that the block of the second UPCH is made in three stages.

16. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that between the first and second stages of the block of the second amplifier is included

a quartz filter made in the form of a four-crystal differential bridge filter with a passband of 2.4 kHz.

17. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first transformer of the balanced mixer block is made with an input resistance of at least 2 kOhm.

18. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that the local oscillator voltage enters the balanced mixer block with a value of 0.5 ... 1.3 Volts.

19. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that the useful signal is the audio frequency voltage supplied to the balanced mixer block, is a component of 0.1 ... 0.3 of the local oscillator voltage of the frequency synthesizer block.

20. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that the working part of the switcher of the tuner (see FIG. 3) is made in the form of a disk of a transparent dense polymer film, on which blackened and transparent sectors alternate.

21. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary encoder working disk of the tuner is made by printing blackened circle sectors on a transparent A4 film using a black and white laser printer.

23. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that the comparator unit contains a two-crystal light emitting diode, while in the case of a normal supply voltage there is a glow of green light, with a smaller or greater maximum permissible - red.

24. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that low-noise microwave bipolar transistors are used in the built-in VCOs (voltage controlled oscillators) of the frequency synthesizer unit.

25. The communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that the low-frequency power amplifier unit is made with elements for adjusting the output sound voltage level.

Claims (25)

1. A multifunctional communication system including interconnected transmitting and receiving paths interconnected and mounted on a common chassis, characterized in that the communication system is equipped with modulation, signal separation, separate processing of signal components and restoration of the original modulated signal, and the transmission path exciter of the communication system is made with elements for generating a single-band signal with a fully or partially suppressed carrier and elements for dividing the original single-band signal into guides - _og envelope signal U (t) and high-frequency signal (HF) with angular oscillations of constant amplitude modulation type
U • cos [ω _n • t + φ (t)],
where ω _n is the carrier frequency,
φ is a function of the phase change time,
moreover, the cascades of separate signal processing are made with elements of amplification of high-frequency signals, with elements of protection from interference and electromagnetic pickups, linearization of dynamic amplification characteristics and comparison and leveling of high-frequency signals, the multiplier of the recovery unit of the original modulated signal has a terminal stage, which is made with elements of powerful multiplication separated signals for signal recovery with single-band modulation, moreover, the blocks of the receiving and transmitting tr The communication systems have a common microcontroller of the control unit, and a time delay unit is installed between the bandpass filter units and the high-frequency amplitude limiter of the transmitting path, while the receiving path is made in the form of interconnected units - a unit for measuring the standing wave coefficient, a “television” filter unit, attenuator block, antenna switch block, second switch block, switchable band-pass filter block, reversible two-stage radio frequency amplifier block oty (URCh), auxiliary filter unit, balanced mixer unit, reversible amplifier unit, main selection filter unit, relay switch unit, second intermediate frequency amplifier unit, additional filtering unit, two-stage intermediate frequency amplifier (UPC), second mixer unit, unit a low-frequency amplifier, an audio low-pass filter unit, a low-frequency power amplifier unit, an automatic gain control detector unit, and an acoustic monitor unit, and the incoming path of the communication system is made in the form of interconnected blocks: a microphone block, a microphone amplifier block, a high-frequency range raising block for an audio range, an audio signal amplitude limiting block, a low-pass filter block, an audio signal amplifier block, a modulation block, a band-pass filter block, a block time delay, a high-frequency amplitude limiter unit, a high-frequency amplifier unit, a second mixer unit, a relay switch unit, a main selection filter unit, a reverse unit amplifier, balanced mixer unit, auxiliary filter unit, reversible two-stage radio frequency amplifier (URF) unit, second switch unit, amplitude detector unit, envelope amplification unit, pulse-width modulator unit, low-power pulse signal amplifier unit, low-power filter unit, powerful unit pulse signal amplifier, powerful filter unit, low-power multiplier unit, powerful multiplier unit, switchable band-pass filter unit, “television” filter unit a, a unit for measuring the standing wave coefficient, a unit for measuring the output power at a high frequency, while the frequency synthesizer blocks, operation control, power, settings, indications, effective cooling, thermal stabilization, a comparator, an acoustic monitor, buffer blocks, switching blocks, as well as a block indications are used by both the receiving and transmitting paths of the communication system and are reversible, while in the receiving path of the communication system the output of the standing wave coefficient measurement unit is connected to the input of the “TV” unit filter, the output of which is connected to the input of the attenuator unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the antenna switch unit, the first output of the antenna switch unit is connected to the input of the second switch unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the reversible two-stage amplifier of the radio frequency amplifier, the output of the latter is connected to the bandpass unit filter, the output of which is connected to the first input of the balanced mixer block, the first output of the frequency synthesizer block is connected to the second input of the balanced mixer block, the output of block b the mixer channel is connected to the input of the block of the first reversible amplifier of the intermediate frequency, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the filter block of the main selection, the output of which is connected to the input of the relay switch block, and the first input of the relay switch block is connected to the input of the block of the second intermediate frequency amplifier, the output of which is connected to the input of the additional filtering unit, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the unit of a two-stage intermediate frequency amplifier, the output of which is connected to the first input the second mixer unit, the second input of the second mixer unit is connected to the second output of the frequency synthesizer unit, the output of the second mixer unit is connected to the input of the low-frequency amplifier unit, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the low-pass filter unit of the audio range, the output of which is connected to the input of the low-power amplifier unit frequency, the output of the latter is connected to the acoustic monitor unit, the output of the second intermediate-frequency amplifier unit is connected to the input of the automatic gain control detector unit, output for which it is connected to the output of the low-frequency amplifier unit, while the transmitting path of the multifunctional communication system, the output has a microphone unit output that is connected to the input of the microphone amplifier unit, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the high-frequency block of the audio range, the output of which is connected to the input of the limiter unit the amplitude of the audio signal, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the low-pass filter unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the amplifier block of the audio signal, the output of which is connected to the first mu input of the modulation unit, the second output of the frequency synthesizer unit is connected to the second input of the modulation unit, the output of the modulation unit is connected to the input of the bandpass filter unit, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the time delay unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the high-frequency amplitude limiter unit, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the high-frequency amplifier unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second mixer unit, the second input of the second mixer unit is connected to the third output of the synthesizer unit t, the output of the second mixer unit is connected to the input of the relay switch unit, the output of which is connected to the main selection filter unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the reverse amplifier unit, the output of the latter is connected to the first input of the balanced mixer unit, the second input of the balanced mixer unit is connected to the first output frequency synthesizer unit, the input of the balanced mixer unit is connected to the input of the bandpass filter unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the reversible two-stage radio frequency amplifier unit, output the latter is connected to the input of the second switch unit, the output of the bandpass filter unit is connected to the input of the amplitude detector unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the envelope amplification unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the pulse-width modulator unit, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the low-power pulse signal amplifier unit and connected to the input of the block of a powerful pulse signal amplifier, the fourth output of the frequency synthesizer block is connected to the pulse-width modulator block, the block output is small a powerful pulse signal amplifier is connected to the input of the low-power filter block, the output of the powerful pulse-signal amplifier block is connected to the input of the high-power filter block, the first input of the low-power multiplier block is connected to the output of the second switch block; the second input of the first block is connected to the output of the low-power filter block, the first input of the high-power multiplier block is connected to the output of the low-power multiplier block; the second input of the first is connected to the output of the power filter unit, the output of the power multiplier unit is connected to the input of the switchable range filter unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the antenna switch unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the “television” filter unit, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the coefficient measurement unit standing wave, the output of which is connected to the input of the output power measuring unit at a high frequency, the outputs of the power supply are connected to all the blocks, the inputs of the control unit are connected to all locks and with a encoder and with a digital multifunction keyboard tuner; the outputs of the control unit are connected to the inputs of the frequency synthesizer unit and to the thermal stabilization unit, the bidirectional ports of the integrated microcontroller of the control unit are connected to the inputs / outputs of the buffer unit, the outputs / inputs of which are connected to serial or parallel ports of a personal computer via a flat or twisted shielded cable.  2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit is made on a separate printed circuit board.  3. The system according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the control unit is shielded.  4. The system of claims. 1-3, characterized in that the power of the control unit is made in the form of a source with a highly stable output voltage.  5. The system according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the microcontroller of the control unit is detachable.  6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit with the display unit is interconnected by a flat cable.  7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the settings unit and the display unit are mounted on a common printed circuit board.  8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the switchable range filter unit is made with electromechanical relays, a microcontroller.  9. The system of claim 8, characterized in that the electromechanical relays of the switchable range filter unit are connected to the outputs of the decoder.  10. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the amplifier unit of the reversing two-stage radio frequency amplifier is made in the form of an autotransformer.  11. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the unit of the first reversing amplifier of the intermediate frequency is made with an inductor and a capacitor.  12. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the balanced mixer unit has diodes connected in series.  13. The system according to p. 12, characterized in that the diodes of the balanced mixer block have a recovery time of not more than 4 ns.  14. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit comprises from 1 to 4 memory chips with an interface.  15. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the block of the second intermediate frequency amplifier is made in three stages.  16. The system of clause 15, wherein an additional quartz filter is installed between the first and second stages of the block of the second intermediate-frequency amplifier.  17. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first transformer of the balanced mixer block is made with an input resistance of at least 2 kOhm.  18. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the voltage in the block of the balanced mixer is made with a value of 0.5 ... 1.3 V.  19. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the useful local oscillator signal has a voltage of 0.1-0.3 from the voltage of the frequency synthesizer block.  20. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the tuner valcoder is made in the form of alternating blackened and transparent sectors of the polymer disk.  21. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the tuner unit encoder is made of polyethylene.  22. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the block of the reversible radio frequency amplifier is linear.  23. The system according to p. 1, characterized in that the comparator unit contains a two-crystal light emitting diode.  24. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency synthesizer block is made of ultra-high frequency (microwave) bipolar transistors. 25. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the low-frequency power amplifier unit is made with elements for adjusting the output sound voltage level.