RU2669644C1 - Cryogenic generator with electromagnetic activation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building; physics.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of power plants having electrical elements, in particular to devices for controlled temperature stabilization, cooling and freezing of soil. Cryogenic generator with electromagnetic activation contains a pump, a condenser, an evaporator, a control valve. Heat exchanger is made recuperative, the direct and reverse connection is made in the form of pipelines, the pipeline of direct connection is connected to a condenser, a regulating valve, the source of the electric field and the evaporator, the feedback loop is connected to the evaporator, the alternating magnetic field generator and the pump. Source of the electric field is made in the form of a dielectric slit chamber, which is made of a dielectric tube, coaxially located inside the copper current-carrying conductor, made in the form of a cylindrical sleeve, isolated from the external environment from above and below by guiding devices made of dielectric.EFFECT: technical result consists in providing the possibility of removing heat from the soil volume of various genesis at different depths, strengthening the water-saturated soil by increasing its bearing capacity and creating a frozen screen by reducing the filtration capacity of the soil.1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of power plants having electrical elements, in particular to devices for adjustable temperature stabilization, cooling and freezing of the soil.

Known cryogenic local oscillator generator for an integrated spectrometer of submillimeter waves with a phase-locked loop, made in the form of an integrated circuit containing a long Josephson junction, a harmonic mixer made on a separate Josephson junction, and superconducting elements for connecting and matching impedances, in which both Josephson junction made on the basis of the superconducting tunnel structure Nb-AlN-NbN (Patent No. 22500500 RU. Publ. 20.05.2008).

There is a method of producing a cryogenic liquid sludge and a cryogenic liquid sludge jet generator that contains an accelerating confuser-diffuser nozzle, a surface separator with a separating surface and a receiving diffuser, the nozzle diffuser section is divided into two parts by a longitudinal partition, and the part adjacent to the separating surface is made with lesser degree of expansion (A.S. 1779961 SU. Publ. 07.12.1992).

However, the known jet generator is not intended to remove heat from the soil volume at various depths.

Known thermosiphon with a heat pump evaporator, including a thermosiphon containing a working fluid having the ability to transition from a liquid state to a gaseous state and vice versa, and having an evaporative and condenser parts, while the thermosiphon contains a sealed heat pipe containing a working fluid having the ability to transition from a liquid state to the gaseous and vice versa, and having the evaporative and condenser parts, the condenser part of the heat pipe is limited together with the outer casing, the lid and the lower plate my cavity of the heat pump evaporator, having nozzles for supplying the liquid phase of the heat pump working fluid and removal of the gaseous phase of the heat pump working fluid, so the condenser part of the heat pipe forms the inner shell of the heat pump evaporator, an intermediate case is installed between the outer and inner shell of the heat pump evaporator, having holes in the lower part with the possibility of passing through them a liquid or gaseous phase of the working fluid of the heat pump circulating inside the evaporator eplovogo pump, between the inner casing and the intermediate casing are vertically oriented tube-nozzle, with these additions to the liquid phase of the heat pump working fluid under pressure, wherein the evaporator of the heat pump has an inner surface (Patent №2261405 RU. Publ. 09/27/2005).

However, the known thermosiphon is not intended to remove heat from the soil volume at various depths.

A device for artificial freezing of soils at the base of structures is known, including an underground freezing part and an above-ground heat exchanger made in the form of pipes connected to one another, filled with non-freezing liquid, in which the above-ground heat exchanger pipe is double-walled with an annular gap between the walls connected to the underground freezing part tangentially mounted nozzles (A.S. 582362 SU. Publ. 30.11.1977).

However, the known device is not intended to remove heat from the volume of soil at various depths.

A known method of cleaning soil contaminated with toxic pollutants, which may be in immersed containers, the method includes placing at least one freezer on the surface of only contaminated land to be cleaned, to prevent disturbance and / or release of any buried pollutants into the surrounding earth or ground water, supply cold refrigerant to the freezer box until the ground below the freezer is frozen to the required depth and remove at least a portion of frozen contaminated soil, which may emit toxic pollutants into the surrounding soil and atmosphere (№US 4966493. Patent Publ. 10.30.1990).

Known cold engine or device that uses thermal energy of air, containing an evaporator, a high pressure expander, a pump for high pressure working fluid, a surrounding heat exchanger, circulation pump, generator, pipes, valves, sensors, which are operatively connected to each other using one or two atomic gases as a working substance (Publication number: 2017202013 NZ. Date of publication: 13.04.2017).

However, the known cold engine is not intended to remove heat from the volume of soil of different genesis at different depths.

A device is known for year-round cooling, freezing the soil of the foundation foundation and heating the structure on permafrost soil in the permafrost zone, containing an upsetting pipe installed without a gap in a soil well, plugged from below, with a coaxial pipe placed therein, with an open bottom end, the gap between the pipes on the upper end of the casing is plugged, the upper ends of the pipes contain nozzles, the cavity of the pipes and nozzles are filled with coolant, while the device contains a heat pump, low temperature urine heat carrier, heating of the heat carrier occurs from the soil in the casing pipe, the inner pipe is insulated from the outside, the pipes are connected through the heat-insulated pipes to the suction and discharge pipes of the heat pump, forming a primary circuit, the working body of the heat pump has a boiling point lower by 10-30 ° C minimum temperature primary coolant, and the heat pump is located inside the structure and provides heat supply with a conversion coefficient greater than unity, while the nozzles t UB are connected with an adjustable fluid pump and the heat exchanger, and form an independent primary closed circuit is connected to the evaporator of the heat pump (Patent №2519012 RU. Publ. 06/10/2014).

However, the constructive solution of the device for year-round cooling allows maintaining only a stable state of the foundation of the structure and is not intended to remove heat from the volume of soil of different genesis at different depths.

The objective of the present invention is the ability to remove heat from the volume of soil of different genesis at different depths.

The technical result is manifested in the strengthening of water-saturated soil by increasing its bearing capacity and creating a permafrost screen by reducing the filtration capacity of the soil.

The problem is solved in that in a cryogenic generator with electromagnetic activation containing a pump, a condenser, an evaporator, a control valve, the heat exchanger is made regenerative, direct and feedback are made in the form of pipelines, a direct communication pipe is connected to a capacitor, a control valve, an electric field source and the evaporator, the feedback pipeline is connected to the evaporator, the alternating magnetic field generator and the pump, while the electric field source is made in the form of a dielectric a slit chamber, which is made of a dielectric tube, coaxially located inside a copper current-conducting conductor, made in the form of a cylindrical sleeve isolated from the external environment from above and from below by guiding devices made of dielectric.

The present invention is illustrated by a detailed description and diagrams in which:

FIG. 1 - shows a diagram of a cryogenic generator with electromagnetic activation;

FIG. 2 illustrates a section through a main view of a dielectric slit chamber.

A cryogenic generator with electromagnetic activation (heat pump) (hereinafter referred to as KG) contains a pump 1 for pumping refrigerant (working fluid), a condenser 2, a direct connection pipe 3, which supplies the working fluid to the system and a feedback pipe 4 (Fig. 1). In addition, the KG contains a recuperative heat exchanger 5, a pressure reducing valve 6, an electric field source 7, an evaporator 8, an alternating magnetic field generator 9, located in the element 10, made in the form of a hollow cylinder.

On the direct connection pipe 3 after the pressure reducing valve 6, an electric field source 7 is mounted, made in the form of a dielectric slotted chamber 11, which serves as a capacitor (Fig. 2). The dielectric slit chamber 11 is made of a dielectric tube 12, coaxially located inside the copper current-carrying conductor 13. The copper conductive conductor 13 is made in the form of a cylindrical sleeve isolated from the environment from above and from below by dielectric guides 14 and 15. Inside the slit chamber 11 there is a zone of influence of an external electric field on the working fluid, which is created by elements 16 and 17.

A cryogenic generator with electromagnetic activation operates as follows.

The refrigerant (water, chladones, sodium chlorine, calcium chlorine, antifreeze, etc.) is pumped into the condenser 2 by pump 1, where it is compressed and cooled. The flow rate and pressure of the refrigerant in the direct connection pipe 3, in other words, the supply line, are controlled by a pressure reducing valve 6. To increase the efficiency of heat extraction from the cooled soil Q, the direct connection pipe 3, in other words, the supply line, sets up an electric field source 7 (electrostatic generator). The refrigerant passing through the electric field source 7, namely the dielectric slit chamber 11, is supplied to the evaporator 8, where heat is taken from the walls of the evaporator 8 and the adjacent soil Q. As a result, the temperature of the bulk space of the soil surrounding the evaporator 8 decreases, since there is heat transfer of energy from the soil to the evaporator 8. On the return line 4, a generator 9 of an alternating magnetic field of a concentration type is mounted. The alternating magnetic field generator 9 is built into the element 10 of the feedback pipeline 4. From the evaporator 8, the refrigerant is fed through a feedback pipeline 4 through an alternating magnetic field generator 9 to the regeneration heat exchanger 5. In the regeneration heat exchanger 5, heat is taken from the refrigerant and transferred to the consumer of thermal energy. The cooled refrigerant is pumped to the condenser 2. The cycle is then repeated.

The intensity of an alternating magnetic field is from about 6 × 10 ⁴ to 2 × 10 ⁵ amperes / meter.

Under the action of an alternating magnetic field by the generator 9 on a liquid refrigerant, there is an increase in the polarization of its molecules, which entails an increase in the heat capacity, enthalpy of the refrigerant, as well as its diffusion properties. An external alternating magnetic field from generator 9, acting on polarized refrigerant molecules (dipoles, Tripoli, quadripoles, etc.), gives rise to the Lawrence force, due to which hydrodynamic vibrations of different frequencies arise. As a result of this, the density of dissolved gases and the fraction of cavitation discontinuities in the liquid volume change. The heat received by the refrigerant from the evaporator 8 is relaxed (spent) on the homogenization of the gas-liquid medium of the refrigerant in both phase and density aspects, this leads to the intensification of heat removal from the cooled soil Q. The alternating magnetic field generated by the generator 9 affects the mass transfer processes and mass transfer in a viscous fluid (refrigerant). Refrigerant molecules and their associates, hydrated ions, make continuous oscillatory movements, which correspond to a certain energy level. When an alternating magnetic field of optimal frequency is exposed to this oscillating system, resonance is possible with a certain group of molecules and associates with the appearance of quanta, energy that can change the structural characteristic of the refrigerant and, accordingly, its physical properties: increase in the enthalpy mi × qi and increase in the entropy dq / dt °.

Molecules of the refrigerant entering the source of the electric field 7 are activated by the high-voltage electrostatic field, which causes their diffusion mass transfer to increase when passing through the volume of the evaporator 8. This helps to intensify heat transfer between the evaporator and the cooled soil Q.

The proposed cryogenic generator with electromagnetic activation allows you to remove heat from the soil volume of different genesis at different depths. KG can be used to strengthen water-saturated soil to increase its bearing capacity.

In addition, the proposed KG is intended to create a permafrost screen, which allows to reduce the filtration capacity of the soil, since the resistance to liquid permeability by filtering a chemical mixture consisting of solid water (ice) and soil of any fractional composition is much less than water-bearing rock.

Claims (1)

A cryogenic generator with electromagnetic activation, comprising a pump, a condenser, an evaporator, a control valve, characterized in that the heat exchanger is made regenerative, direct and feedback are made in the form of pipelines, a direct connection pipe is connected to a condenser, a control valve, an electric field source and an evaporator, a pipeline feedback is connected to the evaporator, an alternating magnetic field generator and a pump, while the electric field source is made in the form of a dielectric gap EASURES which is made of a dielectric tube disposed coaxially inside a copper current-carrying conductor formed as a cylindrical sleeve, isolated from the external environment at the top and bottom guide devices of the dielectric.

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