RU2667793C1 - Geoinformation system in 4d format - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: security systems.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to security alarm equipment and can be used to protect against any emergencies, such as fire, intrusion into housing and offices, warehouses and any other buildings and constructions. In a geographic information system in 4D format, 3D image is linked to current time and transmitted to a server, which is designed to permanently store retrospective and prospective maps and plans. Geoinformation system in 4D format allows to transfer information online; transfer of retrospective information; predict events in time; determine the coordinates of an object on a plan, taking into account the specified time; to provide the binding of the nearest video cameras to certain coordinates of an object and to give out a real image on the background of the GIS plan in 2D or 3D.

EFFECT: technical result is the ability to operate the system in several modes of processing input data and presenting them on a monitor screen.

9 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to communication technology and can be used to determine the location of moving objects in real time. The technical result is to increase the accuracy and speed of determining the location of moving objects.

GIS system 2 (DvAGIS or TwoGIS) until 2011 DublGIS is an international company operating in the cartographic field. Its activity is the creation of electronic directories integrated with city maps.

In 2015, the company was included in the twenty most expensive Runet companies according to Forbes magazine, along with the largest online stores and search engines. The idea of combining a city map and a directory in one was implemented in 1999 in Novosibirsk.

The disadvantages of modern geographic information systems: very limited functionality, the presentation of information in 2D format with individual elements in 3D, the inability to obtain retrospective and perspective information and the user to receive a real image at a point of interest.

In addition, often law enforcement agencies and sometimes ordinary users are faced with the task of obtaining the coordinates of the object of interest to the user (or subject), for example, using his cell phone or GPS beacon) the coordinates of the current video image at a certain geographical point both in the on-line mode and in retrospective (from the archive), and in the future, using software, for example, when calculating the consequences of technological disasters or natural disasters (floods or fires).

GIS hardware platform

To work with the GIS geographic information system, you need a server and cartographic and reference information input devices and numerous user workstations equipped with a personal computer.

For a long time, GISs were based on two hardware platforms - personal computers (PCs) and workstations (Workstation). Let's consider them in more detail.

GIS, built on the basis of personal computers, as a rule, were individual desktop mapping systems aimed at processing small amounts of information and relatively inexpensive in cost.

Professional geographic information systems were built on the basis of workstations.

The technological breakthrough in the production of personal computers has radically changed the situation. An increase in the clock frequency of the system bus, the internal frequency of the CPU (processors), the speed of the RAM chips and other changes in the hardware base have made modern PCs not inferior to average office workstations in terms of performance, and at a price cheaper than the latter by an order of magnitude. It makes no sense to list all the technical characteristics of today's computers, as the changes are too revolutionary and dynamic.

In addition to qualitative changes in the hardware base, there was a transition to GIS software based on the common Microsoft Windows and Linux operating systems. For example, starting with Windows NT, the software of the oldest GIS manufacturer, ESRI, is fully configured to operate on workstations with Unix operating systems. This greatly simplified the operation of geographic information systems.

An integral part of the hardware base for GIS are peripheral input / output devices. At the beginning of the creation of geoinformation projects, data entry was carried out using digitizers. Working with a digitizer resembles the work of a drafting engineer, drawing lines or dots, not only on a regular drawing board, but on a special tablet, with which graphic data are entered into a computer. Now, such operations are most often performed on a scanned image (on the so-called raster substrate). To obtain a raster image, special devices are used - flatbed (desktop) and wide-format scanners. Often, primary information has to be entered on tablets or cards of a rather large size. A similar operation is carried out by large-format scanners. The technology of working on a raster substrate allows you to combine raster and vector layers, greatly increases the accuracy and speed of digitization. There are several more advantages of this technology, for example, the ability to work simultaneously for multiple users, preliminary conversion of raster images, etc. All this ultimately led to the development of a set of specialized software for vectorizing rasters. Many professional GISs have built-in vectorizers that automate the process of digitizing bitmap images. Many data has already been converted to formats directly perceived by GIS applications.

Printing images is also associated with large-format products. For this, another component of the peripheral equipment for GIS is used - a large-format plotter. Currently, inkjet printing technology is the most common, as the price / quality ratio is optimal.

This is an apparatus for automatically recording the results of field measurements made using modern electronic total stations and geodetic instruments, as well as navigation systems for satellite positioning (Glonass or GPS).

The location of an object (subject) or point on the plan is determined by the geographical coordinate system.

Geographic coordinate system

The geographic coordinate system includes latitude, longitude and altitude.

Latitude

- угол ϕ между местным направлением зенита и плоскостью экватора, отсчитываемый от 0° до 90° в обе стороны от экватора. Географическую широту точек, лежащих в северном полушарии, (северную широту) принято считать положительной, широту точек в южном полушарии - отрицательной. О широтах, близких к полюсам, принято говорить как о высоких, а о близких к экватору - как о низких.

- the angle ϕ between the local direction of the zenith and the plane of the equator, counted from 0 ° to 90 ° in both directions from the equator. The geographical latitude of points lying in the northern hemisphere (northern latitude) is considered to be positive, the latitude of points in the southern hemisphere - negative. It is customary to speak of latitudes close to the poles as high, and close to the equator as low.

Due to the difference in the shape of the Earth from the ball, the geographical latitude of the points is somewhat different from their geocentric latitude, i.e. from the angle between the direction to a given point from the center of the Earth and the plane of the equator.

The latitude of a place can be determined using astronomical instruments such as a sextant or a gnomon (direct measurement), and you can also use GPS or GLONASS (indirect measurement).

Longitude

- угол λ между плоскостью меридиана, проходящего через данную точку, и плоскостью начального нулевого меридиана, от которого ведется отсчет долготы. Долготы от 0° до 180° к востоку от нулевого меридиана называют восточными, к западу - западными. Восточные долготы принято считать положительными, западные - отрицательными.

- the angle λ between the plane of the meridian passing through this point and the plane of the initial zero meridian, from which the longitude is counted. Longitudes from 0 ° to 180 ° east of the prime meridian are called east, west to west. Eastern longitudes are considered to be positive, western - negative.

The choice of the prime meridian is arbitrary and depends only on the agreement. Now the Greenwich meridian passing through the Greenwich Observatory in southeast London is taken as the meridian zero.

Height

Altitude - Altitude

Geographic coordinate system of the object

In navigation, the center of mass of the vehicle (TS) is selected as the origin of the coordinate system. The transition of the origin from the inertial coordinate system to the geographic (i.e., from O _iB O _g ) is carried out based on the values of latitude and longitude. The coordinates of the center of the geographical coordinate system O _gB inertial take on values (when calculated by the spherical model of the Earth):

X _og = (R + h) cos (ϕ) cos (Ut + λ)

Y _og = (R + h) cos (ϕ) sin (Ut + λ)

Z _og = (R + h) sin (ϕ)

where R is the radius of the earth, U is the angular velocity of rotation of the Earth, h is the height above sea level.

The orientation of the axes in the geographical coordinate system (GSC) is selected according to the algorithm.

X axis (another designation is the E axis) is the axis directed to the east.

Y axis (another designation is the N axis) is the axis directed to the north.

Z axis (another designation is the Up axis) - an axis directed vertically upwards.

The orientation of the XYZ trihedron, due to the rotation of the Earth and the motion of the vehicle, is constantly shifting with angular velocities.

ω _E = -V _N / R

ω _N = V _E / R + Ucos (ϕ)

The main disadvantage in the practical application of HSC in navigation is the large angular velocity of this system at high latitudes, increasing to infinity at the pole. Therefore, instead of HSC, semi-free in the azimuth of the SC is used.

Semi-free coordinate system in azimuth

Semi-free in the azimuth of the SC differs from the GSK in only one equation, which has the form:

ω _Up = Usin (ϕ)

Accordingly, the system also has an initial position that the HSC and their orientation also coincide with the only difference that its axes X _ω and Y _{ω are} deviated from the corresponding HSC axes by an angle ε for which the equation

The conversion between GSK and semi-free in the azimuth of SK is carried out according to the formula ^[2]

N = Y _ω cos (ε) + X _ω sin (ε)

E = -Y _ω sin (ε) + X _ω cos (ε)

In reality, all calculations are carried out precisely in this system, and then, for the output of the output information, the coordinates are transformed to the GSC.

Geographic coordinates recording formats

To record geographical coordinates, the WGS84 system is used.

Coordinates (latitude from -90 ° to + 90 °, longitude from -180 ° to + 180 °) can be recorded:

- in ° degrees as a decimal fraction (modern version)

- in degrees and 'minutes with decimal fraction

- in ° degrees, 'minutes and' 'seconds with decimal fraction (historical record form)

In English-speaking countries, a dot is used as the decimal separator, in most others, like the decimal separator standard in Russia, a comma. True, some Russian-language scientific publishing houses still prefer to use the English-language decimal separator format.

Positive signs of coordinates are represented (in most cases, omitted) by a “+” sign, or by letters: “N” - north latitude and “E” - east longitude.

Negative signs of coordinates are represented either by a “-” sign or by letters: “S” - south latitude and “W” - west longitude. Letters can stand both in front and behind.

There are no uniform rules for recording coordinates.

On search engine maps, coordinates in degrees with a decimal fraction with signs “-” for negative longitude are shown by default. On Google maps and Yandex maps, first latitude, then longitude (until October 2012, the reverse order was adopted on Yandex maps: first longitude, then latitude). These coordinates are visible, for example, when laying routes from arbitrary points. When searching, other formats are recognized.

In navigators, by default, degrees and minutes with a decimal fraction with a letter designation are often shown, for example, in Navitel, in iGO. You can enter coordinates in accordance with other formats. The format degrees and minutes is also recommended for radio communications in the maritime industry. At the same time, the original recording method with degrees, minutes and seconds is often used. Currently, the coordinates can be recorded in one of many ways or duplicated in two main (with degrees and degrees, minutes and seconds). As an example, options for recording the coordinates of the sign "Zero kilometer of roads of the Russian Federation" -

55 ° 45'21 '' s. w. 37 ° 37'04 '' c. d. ^{(G) (O) (I)} :

- 55.75972 °, 37.61777 ° - degrees

- N55.759722 °, Е37.617777 ° - degrees (+ additional letters)

- 55 ° 45.35'N, 37 ° 37.06'E - degrees and minutes (+ additional letters)

- 55 ° 45'20.9916``N, 37 ° 37'3.6228''E - degrees, minutes and seconds (+ additional letters)

If necessary, the formats can be counted independently: 1 ° = 60 'minutes, 1' minute = 60 '' seconds. You can also use specialized services.

Often there are situations when you need to find a person whose coordinates are unknown. Not necessarily this action is associated with surveillance, perhaps a child with a cell phone in his pocket just got lost. Locate by phone number What to do? Then determine the location by phone number will help the telecom operator. When you need to know the location of the subscriber In life, different situations happen. Very often people want, but cannot find each other. Then locating by phone number is the only way out. For example, we agreed to meet in an unfamiliar area or city, but you can’t navigate the terrain. Or the child after classes went to a friend, forgot to call, and parents need to find out where he is. In this case, the help of the coordinator is needed, to determine the location of the person by phone. As mentioned above, it is possible to find out the location by the number of the mobile device. A very common case is to search for your own missing or stolen phone. Here it is already possible to use special pre-installed programs. There are situations when there is a search for the missing person or a search for a criminal who is hiding from justice - in this case, special services also resort to the help of mobile operators. If you determine the location of the phone lying in your pocket, then the person can no longer hide. "Spy games" are also not ruled out when the bearing is not entirely legal. Who can request information. Anyone can ask for cell phone position information. Sometimes it is necessary to determine the location by phone number for various reasons, therefore, applicants may be different, how to determine the location of a mobile phone. The most important condition is that the one who made the request for the service must have the right to do so. If the search is conducted through the operator using his SMS services, then the consent and confirmation of the “lost” party is necessary. If you use a special direction finding program that uses GPS or GLONASS technology, then the person again knows that he has such a beacon. Without the consent of the subscriber, it is possible to find it only with the sanction of special services. When you can not find out and why? It is not always possible to determine where the subscriber or phone is located. How to determine the location of a person if, for example, he turned off his cell phone? In this case, the system does not work. You will not be able to find out where he is in this period of time. In the case of theft of the phone, the thief just needs to change the SIM card, and the search will become impossible. In addition, you cannot find a person if he does not confirm his consent to the transfer of data. Which operators support the service. Today, the largest Russian operators have the opportunity to locate by mobile device. Giants such as MTS, for example, provide a service called Locator. Its use is reduced to simple actions: you need to send a message to the short service number 6677 containing the phone number of the lost person. Then he will receive a text notification with a request to confirm his whereabouts and consent to the transfer of such information. This is the main condition. If the subscriber agrees, then his location will be communicated, and if he refuses, then no one will know where he is currently located. How to determine the location by mobile Beeline operator also has a similar service: sending a message is to number 684, then the representative’s actions Cellular companies are identical with the description of the MTS rules. At Megafon such a service is not available on all tariff plans. You need to send a request to USSD: * 148 * No. of the missing #, and if the subscriber agrees, his location will become known to you. What actions do not need to be done? The Internet is replete with sites that offer programs that allegedly report on the location of the phone, bypassing the operator. Are they worthy of your attention? As practice shows, such programs turn out to be ordinary games. Or, if you're not lucky at all, with dangerous viruses. Better to use beacon programs created by trusted developers. They are recommended to download from official sites. Many programmers claim that with the help of their developments, you can certainly determine the location of a person by phone. But this is not always the case in reality. The cellular communication system has been developed for a long time and is considered one of the most reliable in terms of secrecy, so you should definitely not trust such statements. How location is calculated Operators use the capabilities of their radio towers to search, for beacon programs, it is necessary that both cellular devices are connected to the Internet. The operator detects a mobile phone with an accuracy of 100-200 meters according to the layout of its base stations. For ordinary users, it’s impossible to determine the location by phone number with greater accuracy. How to determine the location of a person Navigation programs send a request to the server, and from there to the satellite. He searches for a phone with the given parameters and sends the received information to his subscriber. Accuracy is usually higher (plus or minus 50 meters). To use navigation systems, access to the network is required, since interactive maps are used: Yandex Latitude or Google Maps. Modern technologies Special services or the Ministry of Internal Affairs use other technologies to search for missing people. When the phone is turned on, he searches for the nearest tower. This is how his work works. Since the towers are located on the ground more often than the base stations, and their range is about 50 m, then determining which tower the particular subscriber is connected to, you can find out its location with high accuracy. But this is the radius in which the person may be located, that is, the search area in this case is 8.5 square kilometers. If special equipment and software are connected, then tracking is carried out from several points. In this case, it is possible to determine the exact coordinates on the ground, and the search area narrows to 1 sq.m. Since the target, as a rule, is constantly moving, the points from which the bearing is also constantly changing. Therefore, updating the operational data takes a few seconds. Despite the complexity and high cost of such search operations, they are very effective and are used by "specialists" to detect and eliminate dangerous criminals. Since locating a mobile phone is quite an expensive pleasure, bearing technology is constantly changing and improving. If earlier only special services could afford such means of tracking, then today it is available to a wider circle of people. Groups of programmers with sufficiently good training and a strong technical base are able to create a tracking system for a specific area, simply by going to the frequencies of the stations and entering them into the base, determining the location of the phone.They are developing algorithms that allow calculating the coordinates of the target with high accuracy. In addition, some manufacturers of mobile phones supply them with direction finding equipment, which, with a certain frequency, send a signal independent of the SIM card to the navigation satellite. So you can track the phone until it turns off. How much does it cost For ordinary people, the phone search service is available for a purely nominal fee. This allows you to use this service to a wider circle of people, if the search is conducted using the capabilities of the operator. Services such as Locator and its analogues cost from 2 to 12 rubles per request. The software used as a beacon is priced not much more expensive. Thus, legal search methods are quite accessible to any subscriber of a cellular network.

Known geographic information system from the patent of the Russian Federation for the invention No. 2235358, IPC F01G 17/30, publ. 08.21.2004 r.

This system comprises means for inputting information at a remote node, an information center, means for transmitting input information to a receiving means from input means of a remote node, first checking means at a remote node for checking information for accuracy when entering this information using input means, second checking means located in the information center to verify information received from the input means of the remote node by comparing this information with information previously accumulated in the information node. A computer system for centrally collecting geographically distributed information comprises a remote site computer, a transmission medium, and a central computer.

The disadvantages of this system are the limited functionality of the security system due to the inability to analyze events of the past and future.

Known geographic information system from the patent of the Russian Federation for the invention No. 2571919, IPC G06Q 50/00, publ. 10/27/2015, the prototype.

This system contains: a processor unit associated with a device designed to store data about real estate objects and their technological parameters, a data input device and a control device, as well as a device for monitoring and measuring the technological parameters of real estate objects, a device for capturing the earth's surface with objects located on it of real estate, a device for coordinate referencing of significant points of real estate on the photographed surface of the earth and a block for transmitting survey results and binding to the processor unit, configured to translate the received data into a graphical form, for subsequent comparison, clarification of the technological parameters of real estate obtained during shooting, with the available in a device designed to store data about real estate and their technological parameters, or to enter information About a newly discovered property.

The disadvantages of this system are the limited functionality of the security system due to the inability to analyze events of the past and future.

The task of creating the invention is the expansion of the functionality of the system.

Achieved technical result - ensuring the operation of the system in 4-dimensional coordinates, including time both on-line, as in retrospect, and in the future.

The solution of these problems was achieved in a geographic information system in 4D format, containing a server for storing and processing geophysical information of the territory, including cartographic and reference information, means of constant input and replenishment of geophysical information, user workstations containing computers connected to the server’s communication channels , the fact that it contains digital video surveillance modules located throughout the territory and each digital video surveillance module contains at least one video camera connected to the controller and a multiplexer connected to the controller, to the output of which video cameras are connected, while computers at workplaces are configured to bind a three-dimensional image to the current time and transfer it to a server, which is capable of permanent storage of retrospective and prospective maps and plans.

A geographic information system in 4D format can be configured to transmit information on-line. A geographic information system in 4D format can be configured to transmit retrospective information to a user. A geographic information system in 4D format can be configured to predict events over time of future information. A geographic information system in 4D format can be configured to determine the coordinates of an object on a plan taking into account the specified time. A geographic information system in 4D format can be configured to link the closest cameras to specific coordinates of the object and provide a real image against the background of a GIS plan in 2D or 3D.

Each user’s workstation can contain a computer with a monitor, keyboard, mouse-type manipulator attached to it, and the computer is made with the possibility of entering into the database simultaneously terrain images within the unit cell, its coordinates and video recording time and, if necessary, entered into computer time and coordinates of the elementary cell of interest and display from the computer memory on the monitor the image on this unit cell and neighboring cells from the specified time over time, the computer is capable of entering into a third data geographic coordinates of the unit cell of the base - height above sea level. The computer may be configured to display the image on-line. At least one video camera can be made with the possibility of rotation, and a computer with the ability to control rotation in predetermined coordinates.

The invention is illustrated in the drawings (Fig. 1 ... 7), where:

- in FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a system,

- in FIG. 2 shows the user's workplace and the scheme of the territory,

- in FIG. 3 shows the video image control by the coordinates of the terrain,

- in FIG. 4 user workplace with time and coordinates of the event,

- in FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a GTS system with a remote positioning system,

- in FIG. 6 shows a diagram of the spread of fire in the territory over time in dynamics (forecast),

- in FIG. Figure 7 shows the result of a fire (forecast) in the future at a specific point in time (5 hours after the moment of ignition).

A geographic information system in 4D format (Fig. 1 ... 7) contains a server 1 to which a communication information input device 2 and reference information input device 3 are connected by a communication line 4.

Server 1 (Fig. 1) is configured to store retrospective and prospective maps and plans with an indication of the date of their loading. Servet 1 via communication lines 4 through the Internet 5 is connected to the workstations of users 6.

Each user's workstation 6 contains a computer 7, connected to it by communication lines 4 of a monitor 8, a keyboard 9, and a mouse-type manipulator 10.

A controller 11 is connected to the computer with 7 communication channels 4, which controls all the systems that make up the geographic information system - GIS. Computer 7 (more precisely, a Pentium-type system unit with an installed OS, such as Windows) is intended for general control of the entire system.

The structure of the geographic information system introduced, connected to the Internet 5 through the controllers 11, a lot of digital video surveillance modules 12, located on the served GIS territory 18.

Each digital video surveillance module 12 contains video cameras 13 (preferably digital video cameras) connected to a multiplexer 14 and at least one video camera rotatable 15 and connected to the controller 11.

Workstations of users 6 can be connected to the Internet 5 using modems 16.

In FIG. 2 shows territory 17, which is served by the GIS.

In territory 17 roads 18, buildings 19 in 2D format, forest plantations 20, buildings in 3D format 21 are shown in 2D format.

In FIG. 3 and 4, monitor 8 is shown with a time indicator 22, which indicates the time: hour, minute, day, month, and year. In this case, in the normal state, the time indicator 22 shows the current time. Using the “mouse” type manipulator 10, the time can be changed to the past and the image of the object (subject) at the indicated time point will appear on the monitor screen 8.

If you enter the corresponding initial data into computer 7, then on the screen of monitor 8 an image of the object will appear in the future, for example, with the dynamics of flooding in the breakthrough of a dam or fire.

In FIG. Figure 5 shows a block diagram of a GTS system with a remote positioning system (Glonass or GPS). The system includes satellites 23, which are connected by radio channels 24 to positioning objects 25 (cell phones, beacons, Glonass or GPS receivers, etc.)

The proposed system can demonstrate past events by storing obsolete maps and plans in server 1 memory, which in previously existing GIS systems were periodically replaced with new ones with obsolete ones removed.

In addition, the same system can predict a future event, for example, to predict technological disasters (floods, fires, etc.).

For this, the server 1 has the appropriate software, and from the computer 7 at the workplace of the user 6 enter the initial data, for example, the direction and speed of the wind, air temperature, combustibility of buildings and forest plantations in case of fire (Fig. 6 and 7).

In FIG. Figure 6 shows the distribution of fire in territory 18, which is served by the GIS system, over time in dynamics (forecast), after 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, etc. from the moment of fire.

In FIG. Figure 7 shows the result of a fire (forecast) in the future at a specific point in time (in the example, 5 hours after the moment of ignition) of its occurrence and duration.

SOFTWARE

To ensure the management of GIS work in 4D format, Integra-S CJSC developed software

SYSTEM OPERATION

When the system is operating, electric power is supplied to the server 1 and computers 7 installed at the workstations of users 6 and other energy consumers.

They turn on computer 7. From digital video monitoring module 12 (video cameras 13 and 15), video information is transmitted via communication channel 4 to controller 11 and then via communication channel 4 and Internet 5 to server 1 of the GIS system, where it is superimposed on maps and plans entered into the server 1 from input devices 2 and 3, taking into account and indicating the time of input of information and coordinates of cameras 13 and 15, from which this information is entered.

Upon request from computer 7, video information is transmitted via communication channels 4 and the Internet 5 to computer 7 and monitor 8, together with information on the time of the event and the coordinates of the point of interest on the plan of territory 18 (indicated by the type 10 mouse cursor). In this case, it is possible to control the video image from computer 15 according to the coordinates of the terrain (RF Patent for the invention No. 2602389, IPC G01T 1/00, ZAO INTEGRA-S, author Kudelkin V.A., published on November 20, 2016)

Real video information from cameras 13 and 15 is superimposed on the image of the object in 2D or 3D format, which significantly increases the visibility of this information.

In this case, the video cameras 15 are rotatable both in the horizontal and vertical planes. This allows us to track the object (or subject) of interest to us on-line.

In the presence of a remote positioning system in the form of satellites 23, the coordinates of the studied objects can be determined more accurately.

Naturally, not all GIS functions can be used by all users. If necessary, access to such information can be accessed with a password.

In addition, by setting any elapsed date (not earlier than the time the proposed GIS was put into operation) on the time and coordinate indicator 22 (Fig. 3), you can set the time information using the keyboard 9 on the monitor 8 and, if so, enter the coordinates or indicate them the plan (map) of territory 18 with the cursor of the manipulator 19 of the “mouse” type.

As mentioned earlier, if you enter the appropriate source data into computer 7, enter the date from the future, then the image of the object in the future appears on the screen of monitor 8, for example, the dynamics of a fire or flooding of the area when a dam breaks in the form of a real 3D image in dynamics (Fig. . 6 and 7).

Systems are managed using a software product developed by Integra C.

SYSTEM TECHNICAL FEATURES:

The Integra-Video digital video surveillance system has the following characteristics:

- software compression is performed, PCI-Express

(updated interface, speed, extended functionality)

- video surveillance with the most convenient interface, visual perception and flexible arrangement of cameras in the set.

- allows continuous visual monitoring, video recording and motion detection in protected areas. Video motion detection transforms a surveillance and recording system into an active hazard detection system and thereby provides an operational response.

The scalability of the Integra-Video complex allows you to build a distributed structure of any complexity with the connection of an unlimited number of cameras, objects and users. The user is transmitted only the required video information in accordance with the request or the specified algorithms.

In the interface of the Integra-Video program, there are individual settings for each camera - image resolution, frame rate, camera location and its size relative to the main window or desktop are configured.

Due to the new transmission protocol, the throughput and speed of the communication channel are increased.

Automatic change of sets by time allows you to include sets on a schedule, to adjust the image on a schedule. The set can be selected either from the list by name or by remote control by number.

It is possible to view the archive of one camera at once in several time intervals (several windows).

The system works with types of cameras - analog, digital, stationary, rotary with the PELco-D protocol (through integration), IP-cameras (AXIS, Arecont, Mobitex, D-link, Sony, etc.

Functionality of the control program:

1. Display

All cameras are displayed on object plans (in integration). To display video information, full-screen and multi-screen formats are used. Pinching the video stream to the image size on the client. Save traffic and the ability to output 200 cameras on one monitor (in low quality, but at 25 fps). Implemented for any capture devices and IP equipment. Support for a large number of IP devices. Capturing more than 1 stream from IP cameras will allow you to connect more than 40 high-resolution IP cameras to the server for archiving, displaying, detecting and broadcasting the video stream to client locations.

Software and hardware automatic adjustment of brightness and contrast depending on the time of day, weather conditions and schedule are provided. Management of rotary and other actuators is carried out programmatically.

2. Recording

Various archive recording modes can be set - permanent, scheduled. The combination of different modes allows you to filter non-essential information and thereby reduce the volume of video archives by several times. The program supports backup archive and cyclic playback of pictures from a folder or avi - file. Video archives can be stored on various media (hard disk, CD, DVD, flash-memory, etc.). This provides ease of use, storage duration and compactness of large volumes of information. Integra-Video uses an optimized method of access to media (HDD, etc.), which increases the recording speed by 40% compared to the usual frame-by-frame recording used by most video surveillance applications. In addition, buffering has been implemented to compensate for short-term peak loads when recording to the video archive (for example, when reconnecting the IP equipment, while triggering sensors, with a sharp change in illumination, etc.) and avoiding frame loss.

3. Archive management

For a quick search of the required information, various criteria are applied - by date, by camera, by event. In this case, the search and analysis of the recording section of interest in the archive is carried out without interrupting the recording process. The recording section of interest in the archive can be recorded in the widespread avi format, which will allow you to play it on any system. Implemented the ability to quickly upload several archive sections to the universal avi format. The function of cloning the archive (copying) and quickly removing archive information from several servers for viewing on a remote terminal with the Integra Video program installed without loss of quality has been implemented.

4. Surveillance and network management

The system provides data transfer through a computer network, the Internet, telephone channels, cellular channels, Wi-Fi. This allows you to monitor and control the video system at remote sites anywhere in the world. A user on a remote computer can view network cameras in real time and video archives, record the cameras of interest on the hard drive and set additional motion detection zones independent of those already installed on the server. The web interface also allows you to configure the Integra-Video server / client. Information is received on the video client with minimal delays - less than 200 ms.

A unique telemetry control component that provides for all possible non-standard requests of users of video surveillance systems, for example, a control request with the possibility of transferring control, transferring control by timeout, refusal to control, refusal, and ignoring requests from this user. The delays in telemetry control are also minimal - less than 80 ms from the operator's action to sending a command to the actuator. Users are divided into groups with their priorities and many other settings. Possibility of remote client management (output of selected cameras to a multi-monitor set).

5. Reliability

The program includes a system of self-monitoring equipment. The software module for analyzing the state and remote diagnostics of the server using the service - communication, camera status, viewing Windows events, server uptime and warning of failures, etc. The hardware reboot module eliminates system freezing. Remote software update module using the service - hot-swap drives. For IP devices (not a capture card), you can use the emergency load balancing algorithm - if one of the servers fails, the working servers, according to the built-in algorithm, take over some of the functions of the failed server. This ensures uninterrupted operation of the system and the availability of a video archive in case of failure of one or more servers.

6. PTZ control module

Allows you to control PTZ cameras with the Pelco-D and P. protocol. Control can be carried out from the keyboard, using the mouse and a special joystick. The device is connected via an interface converter. To date, the module works in Integra-Video, through Integration.

7. Motion detection. Video location

Video motion detection allows you to attract operator attention to movements in the protected area. This frees the operator from monotonous work and reduces the likelihood that an important event will go unnoticed. An unlimited number of video detection zones of arbitrary shape and size can be set for each camera. For each zone, it is possible to set the minimum and maximum size of the object, the contrast and speed of movement, the schedule of each detector. These settings allow you to identify only what requires the attention of the operator. This ensures that there are no false positives. When motion is detected in the protected area, the system displays a real image from the alarm camera.

In the event of a video detector triggering, a remote user is given an alarm message and a video image indicating the camera on the plan.

8. Module for automatic tracking of moving objects

The system works with PTZ cameras through the Integra-Video 5 program, as well as tracking domed objects detected by the dome camera. Using the PTZ camera allows you to track objects on the territory and accompany them in automatic mode. It allows you to simultaneously track 4 or more objects in different cameras and record events.

9. Sound capture

The ability to capture sound locally and remotely - recording, incl. videoconference.

Audio and video communication (works in a local area network) of two or more remote objects is carried out in real time via a local area network or the global computer network Internet.

10. Access and user rights.

Ability to set user rights in order to limit user access to change program settings and view cameras and archive. The ability to create user groups, each of which will have certain rights.

A unique telemetry control component that provides for all possible non-standard requests of users of video surveillance systems, for example, a control request with the possibility of transferring control, transferring control by timeout, refusal to control, refusal and ignoring requests from this user and many other settings. Users are divided into groups with their priorities.

11. Using multiple monitors

The ability to output cameras and work with multiple monitors simultaneously (at least 8), construction and support of Video Walls.

12. Alarm camera set

A special kit that displays the cameras that triggered the motion detector.

13. Network traffic

In order to reduce the size of network traffic (relevant for narrow communication channels), there are a number of settings that are carried out directly on the network client itself:

- setting a limit on the number of frames received;

- setting limits on the size of received frames;

- Changes to the codec settings.

14. Confidentiality of video information

It is carried out using encryption of the video stream and is protected by electronic keys, both from the video server and from the client.

15. Recognition of a / m numbers

It supports the operation of the software modules "Number recognition system", the software "Traffic Control System" Integra-KDD ".

CHARACTERISTICS

Characteristics of video during software compression

1 / for capture cards based on: PCI-Express Integra-PVZ, Ewclid Ex-16MF. Conxant

- Triplex mode of operation;

- Resolution of digitization - from 720 × 288 to 720? 576;

- Recording frequency - from 12 to 25 frames per second per channel (720 × 288);

- The volume of one frame - from 0.3 to 30 Kb;

- Compression method - software frame compression using the MJPEG and H.264 codec for IP devices.

- The number of cameras, servers and users in the system is unlimited.

2 / for video capture cards based on: Conexant VT878a chipset.

- Triplex mode of operation;

- Resolution of digitization - from 386 × 144 to 768 × 576 (PAL);

- Recording frequency - up to 25 frames per second per channel;

- The volume of one frame - from 0.3 to 30 Kb;

- Compression method - software frame compression using MJPEG and H.264 for IP devices.

- The number of cameras, servers and users in the system is unlimited.

Characteristics of video with hardware frame compression

3 / for capture cards based on: HIK-vision.

- Recording frequency - up to 25 fps per channel

Composition of the software compression frame

- Server or group of servers based on Intel processor: at least Pentium4 3 GHz, 512 Mb RAM, HDD 160 Gb;

- Software "Integra-Video";

- Video capture cards based on: PCI-Express Ewclid Ex-16MF, Conexant BT878a, Hik chipset Vision.

- Remote jobs.

Cameras - analog, digital, stationary, rotary with PERco protocol, IP-cameras (Axis, Arecont)

The following features are being finalized:

- Checking the recording to disk (scheduled, checking for the period, random sampling from dates and cameras, etc.).

- Interface based on windows presentation forms technology. Allows you to change the program interface, without changing the core of the program and even without the participation of programmers. The whole interface will be in xml format.

- The interface will use a scripting language and nothing more. One function that receives a text string will allow you to transfer any commands to the kernel of the system and receive any data from it.

- “Receiver” - software designed for third-party developers, in addition to maintaining the old interface, there will also be an interface for working with scripts. The scripts will implement all the features of Integra-Video.

- Multicast broadcasting.

- ONVIF Integra-Video server. For reference - ONVIF is an open standard developed by Axis, Bosh, Sony for streaming. Thus, all software supporting ONVIF will be able to receive a video stream, video archive, alarming information from Integra-Video servers.

- Render output video with preserving proportions (for example, for cameras transmitting 16: 9 signal above and below there will be black bars like in a movie).

- Organization of the stream from two channels (video + sound).

The proposed system has a layer overlay mechanism that allows you to add data from various geographic information systems (GIS), such as Panorama GIS, ArcGIS, etc. to zones of interest. using standard geodata exchange protocols (WMS, TMS, XYZ, Tiles, etc.). All objects placed in such a virtual world that has a geographic location and are displayed to scale.

The application of the invention allowed:

To expand the functionality of the geographic information system, namely:

- ensure the recording of information recorded by the digital video surveillance modules

in the four coordinates X, Y, Z and t (time), that is, with the binding of each "three-dimensional frame to the current point in time,

- to ensure the reproduction of recorded information in the on-line mode, or in the past from any point in time specified by the operator,

- ensure the reproduction of information about natural disasters in the future in dynamics and with elements of real reproduction of events: showing on the monitor screen some objects in 3D format and overlaying animations of real destruction, fire and floods for greater visibility and information.

Claims (9)

1. Geographic information system in 4D format, containing a server for storing and processing geophysical information of the territory, including cartographic and reference information, means of constant input and replenishment of geophysical information, user workstations containing computers connected by communication channels with the server, characterized in that it contains digital video surveillance modules located throughout the territory, while the digital video surveillance modules contain at least one video camera each, sub connected to the controller, and a multiplexer connected to the controller, to the input of which video cameras are connected, while computers at workplaces are capable of linking a three-dimensional image to the current time and transferring them to a server, which is configured to permanently store retrospective and perspective maps and plans, each the user's workstation contains a computer with a monitor, keyboard, mouse-type manipulator attached to it, and the computer is configured to enter the database simultaneously images of the terrain within the unit cell, its coordinates and the time of video recording and with the possibility of entering into the computer the time and coordinates of the unit cell of interest and displaying from the computer memory the image of this unit cell and neighboring cells. 2. The geographic information system in 4D format according to claim 1, characterized in that it is configured to transmit information on-line. 3. A geographic information system in 4D format according to claim 1, characterized in that it is configured to transmit retrospective information to a user. 4. Geoinformation system in 4D format according to claim 1, characterized in that it is configured to predict events in time of future information. 5. Geographic information system in 4D format according to claim 1, characterized in that it is configured to determine the coordinates of the object on the plan taking into account the specified time. 6. Geographic information system in 4D format according to claim 5, characterized in that it is configured to bind the closest video cameras to specific coordinates of the object and provide a real image against the background of a GIS plan in 2D or 3D. 7. Geographic information system in 4D format according to claim 6, characterized in that the computer is configured to display the image on-line. 8. A geographic information system in 4D format according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one video camera is rotatable, and a computer is capable of controlling rotation in predetermined coordinates. 9. The geographic information system in 4D format according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one video camera is rotatable, and the computer is rotatable according to given coordinates.

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