RU2667346C1 - Method of image projection on the surface of real objects - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: image forming devices.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods for projecting images on the surface of real objects. Method of projecting an image on the surface of real objects involves creating a gobo on a dichroic glass from a basic template with an image, installation of a gobo with an image in a gobo projector, definition of the projection zone, determination of the location of the gobo projector, determination of the type of optics of the gobo projector used, proceeding, mounting the gobo mount on the installation site, calibrating the projector with a calibration gobo, directing the projector to the projected area, adjusting the focus of the projector's gobo. It differs in that after setting the value of the angle of opening and focus, a measurement is made of the distance from the projector's gobo to the extreme points of the projection, the data of the set values of the opening angle are recorded, focus, distances to the extreme points of projection and directions of attachment along the axes, photograph the projections of the calibration gobo from the installation site of the gobo projector and / or from the viewpoint of the projection, calculate the projection distortion from the data on the opening angle and the distance to the extreme projection points. Create a primary template in the graphical editor from the projection gobo projection image by deleting all graphic information from the template image, except for the one that is in the projection zone. Distort the projection gobo projection zone according to calculations, make, if necessary, the separation of the primary template into the main template of the projected image and the mask template of the clipping of the light flux from the areas where light should not enter. Image for the projection is superimposed on the main template, denoted on the mask template of the luminous flux clipping zone, if any, and if not, the mask is not formed. Main template with the image and the mask pattern with the clipping zones are distorted in accordance with the original geometry and dimensions of the calibration gobo. Create a gobo on the dichroic glass from the main template with the image, and also create a gobo mask on the dichroic glass from the mask template with non-transparent areas to cut off the light flux. Install the gobo with the image and the gobo mask in the gobo projector, place the gobo projector on the mount, guide and tune the gobo projector in accordance with the settings made earlier. Align the gobo with the image and the gobo mask relative to the axis of the light stream, adjust the focus of the projected image by shifting and tilting the lenses.EFFECT: eliminating the problem of hitting the light of the projector in the windows when projecting onto buildings, eliminating image distortion when projecting from the bottom to the top of a high-rise building.1 cl, 14 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for projecting images on the surface of real objects (buildings, structures, architectural forms, interior items, etc.), can be used for artistic, demonstration, advertising purposes or for educational purposes, as well as in highlighting buildings, structures and other objects and can be intended for light design of surfaces for the purpose of lighting, attracting attention, emotional impact on the viewer, as well as for influencing the consciousness of the viewer by visual transmission of meaning from mapping.

Visual information makes up a large proportion of all information about the outside world that a person receives. Observation of surrounding objects (landscape, buildings, mechanisms, other people), their size and visible properties, distance to them, their behavior (movement, change in shape, color and size, etc.) allows a person to navigate the environment and make the necessary actions.

One of the main goals of human art and artistic activity is the creation of new impressions of the external world, both real and illusory (existing only in the imagination of man). In particular, this includes changing existing ideas about surrounding objects and their properties. Visual information also plays a key role here - the design of objects (cars, buildings, appliances, interior elements) with the help of their coloring or giving them a complex shape.

One of the most common and effective methods for creating a visual image on any surface is video projection. Conventional video projections are used to demonstrate images: movies in a movie theater, decorative interior lighting, etc. The image fits into the required size by adjusting the video projector (very limited in number and variability of parameters). Some projector models (for example, Christie, Barco) and special software (Catalyst, Watchout) provide for the possibility of distortion of the projected image to more accurately lay it on the surface that serves as the screen. However, in all these cases, we are talking about two-dimensional deformation of the projection surface, while the manipulation of three coordinates is required for correct superposition, taking into account the perspective.

The prior art method for projecting images on the surface of real objects, including the arrangement of projectors and transferring the image from the projectors to the surface of a real object, the projected images are adjusted taking into account the location of the projectors and the roughness of the surface of a real object (DE 102005034990 A1, 09.28.2006). The disadvantage of this method is the lack of realism of the resulting image. A known method of projecting images on the surface of real objects (RU 2433487, publ. 10.11.2011), including measuring, and / or shooting, and / or laser scanning of real objects on which the image will be projected, calculating the position of projectors, light sources and spectators regarding real objects, creating and texturing 3D models of real and virtual objects, building a virtual scene, including virtual light sources, virtual projectors, 3D models of real objects, the location of which x identical to the location of real objects, light sources and projectors, and 3D models of virtual objects, programming the visualization of the virtual scene in terms of the location of the viewer in real time, programming the display of the received image on the surface of the models of real objects in real time, programming the visualization of the resulting scene from the point view of the location of the projectors in real time, programming the interactive part and the scenario of model behavior, the arrangement of projectors in real The situation is identical to the virtual scene, the final display of the resulting image through real projectors on the surface of real objects. The technical problem of the known method is the complexity of the method, the duration of the setup and position of the projectors, the need to create virtual ZD models of real objects, the need to program the visualization of the resulting scene from the point of view of the location of the projectors in real time. The technical problem of the known method is the difficulty of projecting images on residential buildings in the area where the windows are located, since the video projector within the projection area does not have the ability to prevent light from entering the windows. The similarity of the claimed method with the existing one is to use the geometry of the object to prepare the projected image.

The disadvantage of this method is the high cost used for the implementation of the method of video projectors, which, in turn, makes it impossible to use stationary projections. And also the design of video projectors does not imply street use, which requires the adoption of additional measures to protect devices from the effects of weather conditions. A known method of projecting various focused images using fixtures for projection (hereinafter referred to as “gobo-projector”). Projection occurs due to the passage of the light flux through the transparency - gobo (English "gobo"). The method does not imply a measurement of the geometry of the projection zone and does not imply a clear positioning of the projection on areas with complex geometry. Based on the prior art, a luminaire for projecting an image is known, consisting of a light source, an optical system for directing light flux along a longitudinal axis and obliquely forming an image that is positioned orthogonally with respect to the longitudinal axis (EP1159563 B1 of 02.28.2007). The similarity of the claimed invention with the existing one is that both devices are designed to project images using an optical system using a light emitting diode (hereinafter - LED) as a light source. The disadvantages of the luminaire are the inability to accurately position and align the slide relative to the light flux, as well as the inability to change the perspective of the projected image.

Existing projection methods using light projectors are limited to using standard gobos from manufacturers catalogs or created according to the sketch, but not involving a detailed drawing of the projected surface, taking into account its geometry and distance to the projection zone.

Aesthetically, at the moment, projection by light projectors does not fully reveal its potential due to the lack of the possibility of detailed drawing of the geometry of non-standard projection zones, for example, complex architecture with many elements. There is no way to adjust perspective and distortion when lighting at an angle.

Also a prerequisite for the creation of the invention was dissatisfaction with the appearance of the city in the dark. The use of only radiation devices limits the backlight to local and background lighting. Using projection lighting, you can illuminate the architecture of city buildings at a new level of quality. In addition, in architectural lighting, it is necessary to take into account the standards of illumination of windows of residential buildings, which, in turn, does not make it possible to use conventional methods of projection lighting. The closest analogue is the method of projecting images on the surface of real objects using gobo projectors [http://www.svetaktiv.ru/katalog/gobo_proektory1/; publ. 11.21.2016], including creating a gobo on a dichroic glass from the main template with the image, installing the gobo with the image in the gobo projector, determining the projection zone, determining the location of the gobo projector, determining the type of optics used for the gobo projector, based on the installation location relative to the zone projection, mounting the mount of the gobo projector on the installation site, the direction of the gobo projector to the projection area, the direction and focus adjustment of the gobo projector. The technical problem of the known methods is the difficulty of projecting images onto residential buildings in the area where windows are located, since the projector light enters the windows, exceeding the norms of their vertical illumination. The technical problem is the impossibility of accurate lighting of architectural details or the complete binding of the image to the surface geometry of the building. The technical problem is the inability to project a high-quality, aesthetically beautiful projection onto buildings with complex architecture and geometry, as well as when projecting not at right angles.

Also, projectors cannot eliminate image distortion when projecting from the bottom to the top of a tall building, as well as any other projection perspective distortions caused by the inability to shine at right angles to the projection plane.

The task of the claimed invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prototype.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to eliminate the problem of projector light entering the windows when projecting onto buildings, eliminating image distortion when projecting from the bottom to the top of a tall building.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the claimed method of projecting an image on the surface of real objects, including creating a gobo on a dichroic glass from the main template with an image, installing a gobo with an image in a gobo projector, determining the projection area, determining the location of the gobo projector, determining the used type of optics of the gobo projector, based on the installation location with respect to the projection area, mounting the mount of the projector gobo at the installation site, calibrating the projector in gauge gobo, directing the gobo projector to the projection zone, adjusting the focus of the gobo projector, characterized in that after setting the value of the opening angle and focus, the distance from the gobo projector to the extreme points of the projection is measured, data of the set values of the opening angle, focus, distances to extreme points are recorded projections and mounting directions along the axes, photograph the projections of the calibration gobo from the installation site of the projector gobo and / or from the projection point of view, calculate the distortion of the projection from the angle data disclosure and the distance to the extreme points of the projection, create the primary template in the graphics editor from the photo projection of the calibration gobo by removing from the image of the template all the graphic information, except that located in the projection area; then the projection area of the calibration gobo is distorted according to the calculation data, if necessary, the primary template is divided into the main template of the projected image and the mask template for cutting off the light flux from the areas where the light should not get; after which an image for projection is applied to the main template; then indicate on the mask template the zones of cutoff of the light flux, if any, and if they are not, a mask is not formed; moreover, the main template with the image and the mask template with zones of cutoff of the light flux are distorted in accordance with the initial geometry and dimensions of the calibration gobo; then create a gobo on a dichroic glass from the main template with the image, and also create a gobo mask on a dichroic glass from a mask template with non-transparent zones to cut off the light flux; Next, install the gobo with the image and the gobo mask in the gobo projector, put the gobo projector on the mount, direct and configure the gobo projector in accordance with the settings made earlier, adjust the gobo with the image and the gobo mask relative to the axis of the light flux, adjust the focus of the projected image by shifting and tilt lenses.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. Figure 1 shows the process of presetting a gobo projector and selecting a projection zone on a building.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows the process of pre-projecting an image onto a building to analyze the overall aesthetic perception of the image on the building.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows a close-up view of the grid for marking up projection points when projecting onto a building.

In FIG. 4 is a close-up view of a pre-projected image on a building.

In FIG. Figure 5 shows a close-up view of the grid of the marking of the projection points when projecting onto a building together with an overlaid preliminary image.

In FIG. Figure 6 shows a close-up view of the grid of the marking of the projection points when projecting onto a building together with a superimposed preliminary image with the distortion eliminated (a - view with a grid, 6 - view without a grid).

In FIG. 7 shows an undistorted (captured) close-up view of the projection zone when projecting onto a building with zones (building windows) to be cut off from the light flux in the mask template.

In FIG. Figure 8 shows a distorted close-up view of the projection zone when projecting onto a building with zones (building windows) to be cut off from the light flux in the mask template.

In FIG. 9 shows a formed mask template with darkened areas cutting off the light flux.

In FIG. 10 shows a formed gobo slide.

In FIG. 11 shows a view when applying a mask template with darkened areas that cut off the light flux and the formed gobo slide.

In FIG. 12 shows the process of projecting an image onto a building.

In FIG. 13 shows an example of a gobo projector device that can be used to implement the method.

In FIG. 14 shows an example of a practical demonstration of projection (a is a view of a building in its natural form, 6 is a view during projection).

In the drawings: 1 - gobo projector, 2 - tripod, 3 - building, 4 - projection area on the building, 5 - grid for marking projection points, 6 - projected image, 7 - building windows, 8 - projector gobo lens, 9 - frame for hold the gobo slide and gobo mask, 10 - gobo slide, 11 - gobo mask, 12 - LEDs, 13 - reflector, 14 - heat transfer tube, 15 - wires, 16 - radiator, 17 - power wire.

The implementation of the invention

The method of projecting images on the surface of real objects is as follows.

Place a gobo 10 slide (see Fig. 13) with the image in the gobo projector 1, put the projector in the intended convenient place for projection, if necessary on a tripod 2. Point the projector 1 at the proposed projection area 4 on the building 3. Determine the type of optics of the gobo projector 1, selecting the desired lens 8. Based on the installation location with respect to the projection area, mount the gobo of the projector at the installation location. Calibrate the calibration gobo, directing the gobo projector to the projection area, adjust the focus of the gobo projector. After setting the value of the opening angle and focus, the distance from the gobo of the projector 1 to the extreme points of the projection zone 4 is measured. The distances can be measured, for example, using a laser range finder. Record the obtained data of the values of the opening angle, focus, distances to the extreme points of the projection and directions of attachment along the axes. After that, projections of images of the calibration gobo are photographed from the installation site of the gobo projector 1 (Fig. 2), if necessary, to perceive the aesthetics of the image display on the building. This photographing is carried out by shooting the projection of the grid (Fig. 1, Fig. 3) marking the projection points and superimposing the images of the grid and the preliminary image (Fig. 5), for which a preliminary gobo is formed, onto which the image is printed directly.

Next, the projection distortion is calculated according to the information about the opening angle and the distance to the extreme points of the projection, a primary template is created in the graphic editor from the photo of the projection of the calibration gobo by removing all the graphic information from the image of the template except for that located in the projection zone (Fig. 4) if necessary, use a mesh overlay (Fig. 5).

Then, the projection area of the calibration gobo is distorted according to the calculation data and the grid (Fig. 6 (a)), the primary template is divided into the main template (Fig. 6 (b)) of the projected image and the mask template (Fig. 7) of cutting off the light flux from the zones where light should not fall, such as windows of residential buildings.

After that, an image for projection is superimposed on the main template, then the mask of the light cutoff zone is indicated on the mask template (Fig. 7), and the main template with the image and mask template with light cutoff zones are distorted in accordance with the initial geometry and size of the calibration gobo. As a result, it takes on the form as in FIG. 8.

Next, create a gobo on a dichroic glass (Fig. 10) from the main template with the image, and also create a gobo mask (Fig. 9) on a dichroic glass from a mask template with non-transparent zones to cut off the light flux. When mask 11 is applied to gobo slide 10 (Fig. 11), the closed areas of mask 11 block the luminous flux going to the windows 7 of the building or other sections of the building onto which the projection does not need to be allowed.

Then, the gobo 10 with the image and the gobo mask 11 are installed in the frame 9 of the gobo projector 1, put the gobo projector 1 on a mount, for example, on a tripod 2.

The gobo projector 1 is guided and adjusted according to the settings made earlier, the gobo with image 10 and the gobo mask 11 are aligned with respect to the axis of the light flux, and the focus of the projected image is adjusted by shifting and tilting the lenses. As a result, an undistorted image is formed on the building 3 from the projection point where the projector is (see Fig. 12) and the windows of the building 7 are not illuminated by the light of the projector 1.

The method can be implemented using a gobo projector 1 (see Fig. 13), which consists of a lens 8, a frame 9 for holding a gobo slide 10 and a gobo mask 11, LEDs 12.

It is preferable to enhance the power of the projector and at the same time to reduce its energy consumption for cooling the radiator 16 by using the removal of LEDs 12 to the heat transfer tube 14 with a reflector at the end 13, coming from the radiator 16 and connected to it, with wires 15 extending from the wire inside the tube 14 power supply 17.

Due to the removal of the LEDs 12 to the heat transfer tube 14 with the reflector 13, it is possible to reduce the heating of the LEDs on the substrate and at the same time increase their number by placing them on the end of the tube 14 and on its sides. That allows you to increase the luminosity of the projector 1 without the need to carry out forced cooling by blowing the radiator 16.

Radiator 16 can be moved outside the projector 1, providing free cooling. In addition, when the radiator is removed outside the housing, it is possible to increase the volume of the used radiator 16 and thereby enhance its cooling.

The method is used as follows.

Choose a projection zone and a convenient installation location for the gobo projector 1. Install the gobo projector 1 on a tripod 2, fix the approximate position of the tripod 2 relative to the memorable mark on the street or indoors (if projection is from the building window) or fix the picket if it is projected from an open area where there are no marker points.

A gobo reference slide with reference points is inserted.

Project a reference slide, adjust the projection size and tricks.

Measure the distances from the gobo of the projector to the reference points of the projection of the reference slide, and then photograph from the point of view of the observer.

On the basis of this data using graphic editors such as Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator, AutoCAD and others, create a primary projection template, taking into account the perspective. Impose the image intended for projection onto the photo of the projection zone and the photo of the projection of the template and deform all the images, bringing their reference points to the template.

Then a gobo slide is made with the necessary image.

Using the same principle, a slide mask is made to cut off from the light beam zones that are not intended for projection when projecting an animation slide and / or a slide that is not tied to the geometry of the projection zone. For example, when projecting a regular gobo slide, we need to cut out the windows or limit the image. For such cases we use a slide mask.

After the gobo projector 1, the prepared gobo slide is installed. Work is carried out on guiding the gobo of the projector, setting up and adjusting the gobo slide relative to the optical axis. As a result, we obtain the projection of image 6 on the building surface, with reference to the geometry and architecture of building 3, taking into account the distortion of the projection perspective and excluding the ingress of light into windows 7 and excessive illumination. In FIG. 14 shows an example of a practical demonstration of projection (a - view of the building in its natural form, b - view when projecting).

Claims (1)

A method of projecting an image on the surface of real objects, including creating a gobo on a dichroic glass from the main template with an image, installing a gobo with an image in a gobo projector, determining the projection zone, determining the location of the gobo projector, determining the type of optics used for the gobo projector, based on the installation location on in relation to the projection area, mounting the projector gobo mount on the installation site, calibrating the projector with a calibration gobo, pointing the projector gobo to the projection area, adjusting the focus projector gobo settings, characterized in that after setting the opening angle and focus, the distance from the projector gobo to the extreme points of the projection is measured, data on the set values of the opening angle, focus, distances to the extreme points of the projection and mounting directions along the axes are recorded, photographs of the projections of the calibration gobo from the place of installation of the gobo projector and / or from the projection point of view, they calculate the distortion of the projection according to the information about the opening angle and the distance to the extreme points of the projection, create the primary step a template in a graphical editor from a photograph of the projection of the calibration gobo by removing from the image of the template all the graphic information, except that located in the projection area; then the projection area of the calibration gobo is distorted according to the calculation data, if necessary, the primary template is divided into the main template of the projected image and the mask template for cutting off the light flux from the areas where the light should not get; after which an image for projection is applied to the main template; then indicate on the mask template the zones of cutoff of the light flux, if any, and if they are not, a mask is not formed; moreover, the main template with the image and the mask template with zones of cutoff of the light flux are distorted in accordance with the initial geometry and dimensions of the calibration gobo; then create a gobo on a dichroic glass from the main template with the image, and also create a gobo mask on a dichroic glass from a mask template with non-transparent zones to cut off the light flux; then install the gobo with the image and the gobo mask in the gobo projector, put the gobo projector on the mount, direct and adjust the gobo projector in accordance with the settings made earlier, adjust the gobo with the image and the gobo mask relative to the axis of the light flux, adjust the focus of the projected image by shifting and tilting lenses.

Images