RU2667302C1 - Sucker rod pump valve (options) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of the oil industry, in particular to the field of operation of wells by sucker rod pumps in horizontal and inclined wells. In the method, the valve of the rod pump contains a body, a saddle, a guide for the ball, pressed to the seat by a gravity pusher. Said gravity pusher can be made in the form of a disc with a recess on the end facing the ball, which is mounted in the body with a limited movement in one transverse plane. Also, the gravity pusher may be in the form of a pendulum whose swing axis is disposed on the longitudinal axis of the housing with the possibility of swinging in any plane passing therethrough within the inner cavity of the housing, and in the opposite end of the pivoting end of the pendulum a notch is made. Between the gravity pusher and the ball in the body, a rod can be coaxially arranged, which is mounted for longitudinal movement and interaction with its opposite ends with the recess of the gravitational pusher and the ball. Said gravity pusher can be equipped with inserts of a material with a higher density than the material of the pusher itself.EFFECT: proposed design of the sucker rod pump valve is simple, reliable and allows to reduce the transverse dimensions of the valve.6 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of oil industry, in particular to the field of well operation with sucker rod pumps in horizontal and deviated wells.

Currently, due to the depletion of many oil fields, depressions are increasing to increase the productivity of wells. For this, under conditions of low reservoir pressures, it is necessary to lower the pumps extremely deeply, which often turn out to be either directly in the horizontal barrel or in a very inclined part of it, which leads to unstable operation of the valves of the sucker rod pump, because valve balls are returned to the seat under their own weight, which is difficult when the pump cylinder is horizontal.

A known self-adjusting valve of a sucker-rod pump (RF patent No. 2616145, F16K 15/04, F04B 47/00, F04B 53/10, publ. 04/12/2017, bull. No. 11), comprising a housing, a centralizer with passage holes, an inclined tray with flushing channels, seat, ball, characterized in that at one end of the central axis of the self-aligning valve an inclined tray is eccentrically fixed, made lightweight, and at the other end in the eccentricity plane of the inclined tray, a massive load is tightened with a nut and secured with a lock nut, the inner surface is inclined This tray is made concave with a radius of curvature greater than the radius of the ball by the amount of the optimal gap between the seat and the ball in the open state of the valve, and the concave surface of the inclined tray is made in the form of a bed with longitudinal runners and flushing channels between them.

Its disadvantages are the complexity of the design, which is a complex multi-link mechanism, and the associated low reliability.

The closest in its technical essence to the sucker rod pump for horizontal wells (RF patent No. 2623345, F04B 47/00, publ. 06/23/2017, bull. No. 18), including a valve containing a cargo pusher in the form of an additional ball and an eccentric mechanism for moving it to the top point.

Its disadvantages are the complexity of the design, its low reliability, as well as increased transverse dimensions due to the lateral placement of an additional ball.

The technical objectives of the proposed valve are to simplify the design, increase its reliability and reduce the transverse dimensions.

These problems are solved by the valve of the sucker rod pump containing a housing, a saddle, a guide for the ball, pressed to the saddle by a gravity pusher.

What is new is that the gravitational pusher is made in the form of a disc mounted in the housing with the possibility of limited movement in the same transverse plane of the disk with a recess at the end facing the ball.

New is also the fact that between the gravity pusher and the ball in the body coaxially placed rod installed with the possibility of longitudinal movement and interaction of the opposite ends with the recess of the gravity pusher and the ball.

Also new is the fact that the gravity pusher is made with inserts of a higher density material than the disk material.

These problems are also solved by the valve of the sucker rod pump, comprising a housing, a saddle, a guide for the ball, pressed to the saddle by a gravity pusher.

What is new is that the gravity pusher is made in the form of a pendulum, the swing axis of which is placed on the longitudinal axis of the housing with the possibility of swing in any plane passing through it, within the internal cavity of the housing, and a recess is made in the end of the pendulum opposite to the swing axis.

Also new is the fact that between the gravitational pusher and the ball, a pusher is placed coaxially in the body, mounted with the possibility of longitudinal movement and interaction with opposite ends with the pendulum recess and the ball.

Also new is the fact that the gravity pusher is made with inserts of a higher density material than the material of the pendulum.

In FIG. 1 shows a valve with a gravitational pusher in the form of a disk in the open position, FIG. 2 - it is in the closed position.

In FIG. 3 shows a valve with a pusher in the form of a disk and a stem in the open position, FIG. 4 - he is in the closed position.

In FIG. 5 shows a valve with a pendulum in the form of a pendulum in the open position. In FIG. 6 - it is in the closed position.

In FIG. 7 shows a valve with a pusher in the form of a pendulum with the stem in the open position, FIG. 8 - he is in the closed position.

The valve of the sucker rod pump (not shown in Fig.) Contains a housing 1 (Figs. 1 and 2) with an internal cavity 2 and a perforated baffle 3 with holes 4, a seat 5, a ball 6 with guides 7, a gravitational pusher in the form of a disk 8 of smaller diameter, than the cavity 2 of the housing 1, with a conical recess 9 installed between the partition 3 and the guides 7. Outside the housing 1 made connecting threads 10.

The valve may further comprise a stem 11 (Figs. 3 and 4) with a cap 12 and a perforated bottom of the housing 13 with holes 14, between which and a partition 3 in the rear cavity 15 of the valve there is a disk 8.

The valve may contain a gravity pusher made in the form of a pendulum 16 cylindrical in shape (Figs. 5 and 6), the swing axis of which is made in the form of a ball joint 17 and is installed in the bottom 13 of the housing 1 (there is no partition 3). At the opposite end of the pendulum, a recess 9 is made to interact with the ball 6.

The valve body 1 (Figs. 7 and 8) can be made with a partition 3, a pendulum 16 with a hinge 17 is placed in the rear cavity 15, and its recess 9 interacts with the ball 6 through the rod 11 with the hat 12.

The valve operates as follows.

The valve can be used as a suction valve and installed using a thread 10 in the bottom of the cylinder of the sucker rod pump or as a discharge valve with a pump installed in the plunger.

Consider the operation of the valve as a suction valve.

When the rods (not shown in FIG. Not shown) and the plunger (not shown in FIG.) Move up, the suction process takes place, the pressure in the cylinder becomes lower than outside, and the fluid flow through the seat 5 (FIG. 1), past the ball 6, through grooves of the guides 7, the gap between the disk 8 and the housing 1 along the cavity 2, the holes 4 in the partition 3 and the rear cavity 15 fall into the cylinder. When this flow presses the ball 6 to the conical recess 9 of the disk 8, moving it to the position coaxial with the housing 1.

When the plunger reaches the top dead center, the fluid movement stops, the disk 8 (Fig. 2) falls under the influence of gravity and recess 9 pushes the ball 6 along the guides 7 until it stops in the seat 5, the pressure drop is now directed out of the cylinder outward, tightly presses the ball 6 to the saddle 5. Once the plunger reaches bottom dead center, the cycle repeats. The disk 8 moves freely in the same plane in the directions formed by the partition 3 and the guide 7 of the ball 6.

Further cycles are repeated.

The operation of the valve of FIG. 3 and 4 is characterized in that the interaction of the recess 9 of the disk 8 occurs through the rod 11 with the cap 12. The conical cap 12 is in contact with the conical recess 9 and the stem 11 with the ball 6. The disk 8 moves freely in any directions within the diameter of the back cavity 15 one plane between the partition 3 and the bottom 13.

When the valve is in the open position when the plunger moves upward, the pendulum 16 (Fig. 5) with the ball 6 through the recess 9 is turned to a position coaxial with the housing 1.

Upon reaching the top dead center by the plunger, when the fluid flow ceases to press ball 6 (Fig. 6) to the recess 9 of the pendulum 16, its gravity through the recess 9 pushes the ball 6 all the way into the seat 5, and the pressure drop tightly presses the ball 6 to the seat 5 .

Further cycles are repeated.

The valve of FIG. 7 and 8, only the action of gravity of the pendulum 16 is transmitted to the ball 6 through the rod 11 with a hat 12.

The recess 9 (Fig. 1-8) in structures where the pusher interacts directly with the ball 6, can have any shape, because the surface of the ball 6 itself forms an inclined surface, i.e. the recess 9 may be conical and cylindrical (not shown), including through (not shown), for example, like a saddle 5.

The outer surface of the pusher: the disk 8 (Fig. 1-4), or the pendulum 16 (Fig. 5-8), can be made with grooves to increase the cross section of the channel for liquid.

Since both the disk 8 (Fig. 1-4) and the pendulum 16 (Fig. 5-8) have some freedom of movement and rotation, it is not necessary that they have a balanced shape of the body of rotation. By changing their shape, you can increase the amplitude of their transverse movement and, accordingly, the axial movement of the ball 6 (Fig. 1-8) inside the housing 1.

The force of movement of the ball 6 and pressing it to the saddle 5 by any of the pushers: disk 8 (Fig. 1-4), or pendulum 16 (Fig. 5-8) can be increased by increasing the weight of the pusher (disk 8 or pendulum 16) with inserts material with a higher density, such as lead (for steel).

The guide 7 (Fig. 1) can be made plug-in or it is made directly in the housing 1.

The main advantages of a valve with a pusher in the form of a disk 8 (Fig. 1-4) or a pendulum 16 (Fig. 5-8) are its simplicity and the ability to realize it within the standard transverse dimensions of the pump valve, and by changing the length of the pendulum 16 (Fig. . 5-8) or disk 8 (Fig. 1-4) to select the necessary force of pressing the ball 6 (Fig. 1, 3, 6 and 8) to the seat 5. Advantages of the pendulum 16 (Fig. 5-8): more reliable due to the lack of probability of jamming due to friction on the guides. The hinge 17 (Fig. 5) can be a ball, Hooke (not shown), a flexible connection (not shown), or simply focusing a rounded point in the recess (not shown) on the bottom 13 of the housing 1.

In addition, the proposed valve will not create additional hydraulic resistance when working in a vertical well, unlike other designs, in which the pushers create additional pressure of the ball to the seat in a vertical position, which creates additional hydraulic resistance, while the disk 8 (Fig. 2 and 4) or the pendulum 16 (Figs. 5 and 7) occupy a position coaxial with the housing and serve only as a limiter for the ball 6 (Figs. 1-8) inside the housing 1.

The advantage of the design with an intermediate rod between the gravity pusher: the disk 8 (Fig. 3 and 4), or the pendulum 16 (Fig. 7 and 8) and the ball 6 (Fig. 3, 4, 7 and 8), in that the ball 6 has a limited sector of interaction with the pusher: the disk 8 (Fig. 1 and 2) or the pendulum 16 (Fig. 5 and 6), which limits the ball 6 (Fig. 1, 2, 4 and 5) from the seat 5. When using the rod 11 (Figs. 3, 4, 7 and 8) due to the shape of the recess 9 and the amplitude of the lateral movement of the pusher 11, the stroke of the ball 6 from the saddle 5 can be increased.

The proposed design of the valve of the sucker rod pump is simple, reliable and can reduce the transverse dimensions of the valve.

Claims (6)

1. The valve of the sucker-rod pump, comprising a housing, a saddle, a guide for the ball pressed against the saddle by a gravity pusher, characterized in that the gravity pusher is made in the form of a disk installed in the housing with limited movement in the same transverse plane with a recess at the end facing the ball . 2. The valve of the sucker rod pump according to claim 1, characterized in that a rod is installed coaxially between the gravity pusher and the ball in the body, mounted with the possibility of longitudinal movement and interaction of the opposite ends with the notch of the gravity pusher and the ball. 3. The valve of the sucker rod pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gravity pusher is made with inserts of a material of higher density than the disk material. 4. The valve of the sucker rod pump, comprising a housing, a saddle, a guide for the ball, pressed to the saddle by a gravity pusher, characterized in that the gravity pusher is made in the form of a pendulum, the swing axis of which is placed on the longitudinal axis of the housing with the possibility of swing in any plane passing through it , within the inner cavity of the housing, and in the opposite end of the swing axis of the pendulum, a recess is made. 5. The valve of the sucker rod pump according to claim 3, characterized in that between the gravity pusher and the ball, a pusher is installed coaxially in the body, mounted with the possibility of longitudinal movement and interaction of the opposite ends with the notch of the pendulum and the ball. 6. The valve of the sucker rod pump according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the gravity pusher is made with inserts of a material of higher density than the material of the pendulum.

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