RU2664615C1 - Method of registration of the standard ecg and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to the field of medicine and can be used in functional diagnostics for the purpose of self-recording the ECG. In the method of recording the electrocardiogram (ECG) in 12 standard leads, use an electrocardiograph, an electronic device for displaying the results of ECG recording on the screen, a lead wire for connecting electrodes with an electrocardiograph, electrodes for attachment to the extremities, and a holder with two electrodes for recording the thoracic leads, while electrodes are placed on the extremities and the thorax in three positions, and the ECG is recorded. Preliminary table of correspondence of chest volumes to the distances between the electrodes for the registration of the thoracic leads is prepared empirically, the volume of the patient's chest is measured before recording the ECG. Then, depending on the chest volume obtained, the distance between the electrodes for recording the thoracic leads in the holder is determined and set by moving at least one of the electrodes, and then the ECG is recorded. ECG recording device in 12 standard leads used in the implementation of the method was disclosed.

EFFECT: technical result consists in increasing the accuracy of the results of ECG registration, including when recording the ECG by the patients themselves at home, and reducing the complexity of the ECG recording process.

2 cl, 8 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to medical equipment, and can be used in functional diagnostics to facilitate the registration of an electrocardiogram (hereinafter ECG) with the goal of self-registration of an ECG in 12 standard leads by non-medical personnel.

State of the art

A known method of recording ECG [Pat. RF №2131698, publ. 06/20/1999], characterized in that the installation of electrodes on the chest is carried out by placing them in the area of the anatomical projection of the heart so that they are located at a distance of less than 50 mm and form at least two coordinate systems with a common intersection of the axes in center.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the inability to adjust the distance between the electrodes depending on the width of the chest of the patient under study, as well as the difficulty of using the method, which is especially noticeable when patients use the invention when registering ECG at home.

A device for the removal of potentials in electrocardiography [application for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 94020988, publ. 08.27.1996], comprising a rigid dielectric body with a flat working surface, in which spring-loaded rods are mounted with flat electrodes fixed to them and connected to current leads.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the inability to adjust the distance between the electrodes depending on the width of the chest of the patient under study, which reduces the information content and reliability of the readings.

A technical solution is known that is implemented in the Cardiojet device manufactured by Medical Telemetry Systems LLC, in which there is a rigid body, 4 electrodes are located on the bottom surface of the device. By applying the device to the chest according to a certain pattern, a 12-channel ECG is obtained.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the inability to adjust the distance between the electrodes depending on the width of the chest of the patient under study, which reduces the information content and reliability of the readings.

This technical solution was chosen by us as a prototype.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The problem to which the invention is directed is the problem of reduced accuracy of ECG registration results when the electrodes are incorrectly applied to the patient’s chest. This problem becomes even more pronounced when using mobile devices for ECG registration by patients on their own, at home.

The technical result from the use of the invention is to increase the accuracy of the results of ECG registration, including when registering the ECG by the patients themselves at home, and reducing the complexity of the ECG registration process.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for recording ECG in 12 standard leads contains an electrocardiograph, a lead cable for connecting electrodes to an electrocardiograph, electrodes for fastening on the limbs, a holder with two electrodes for registering chest leads, with the ability to change the distance between the electrodes depending on the width of the chest of the patient.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows the placement of 6 chest electrodes.

In FIG. 2 shows a pairwise grouping of the places for applying the chest electrodes.

In FIG. 3 shows a measurement chart of a patient’s chest volume.

In FIG. 4 shows a superposition pattern of a holder with two electrodes.

In FIG. Figure 5 shows an example of using a holder with two electrodes when registering an ECG in the chest leads VI and V2.

In FIG. Figure 6 shows an example of using a holder with two electrodes when registering an ECG in the chest leads V3 and V4.

In FIG. 7 shows an example of using a holder with two electrodes when registering an ECG in the chest leads V5 and V6.

In FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of a holder with two electrodes.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

To record the ECG in 12 standard leads, 12 leads are used. They are combined into two groups: six leads from the limbs (their axes lie in the frontal plane) and six chest leads (axes lie in the horizontal plane).

When registering leads from the limbs, it is not difficult to establish the electrodes correctly.

However, when registering chest leads, improper electrode placement directly affects the accuracy of the results of ECG recordings.

In FIG. 1 shows the placement of 6 chest electrodes.

Electrode overlay points are grouped in pairs V1-V2, V3-V4, V5-V6.

The distance between the electrodes can be calculated arithmetically by the formula, or determined from a table obtained empirically, or in another way. As an example, one, but not the only one of the possible table options for determining the distance between the electrodes obtained empirically by the authors:

To determine the volume of the chest at level 5 of the intercostal space in men (in women under the breast), the width of the chest is measured (see Fig. 3). Based on the measurement result, measured in centimeters, the distance between the electrodes is determined from the above table.

In FIG. 4 shows a superposition chart of a holder with two electrodes used when registering an ECG in accordance with the proposed method. For proper installation of the holder with two electrodes, it is enough to touch to determine the location of one of the points that has characteristic features (the edge of the intercostal cavity, the beginning of the intercostal cavity) and the approximate location of the second, while the exact location of the second point is obtained automatically due to the correctly set distance between the electrodes.

To implement the method, a device was developed for its implementation, containing a complex for recording an ECG (electrocardiograph), a lead cable for connecting electrodes to an electrocardiograph, electrodes for fastening on the limbs, a holder with two electrodes for registering chest leads, with the ability to change the distance between the electrodes depending from the width of the chest of the patient. To confirm the achievement of the claimed technical result, a series of tests of the device for implementing the method was carried out. In FIG. 5-7 show examples of the use of a holder with two electrodes when registering an ECG in the chest leads V1-V6 during testing.

The electrocardiograph 1 using lead cable 5 is connected to two electrodes on the hands 2, 4, two electrodes on the legs, and two electrodes on the holder with two electrodes 3. The holder with two electrodes 3 is mounted to the patient’s chest in three positions, and the readings are taken in accordance with the overlay of the holder with two electrodes (Fig. 4). The ECG is displayed on the screen of the electronic device 6, which can be, for example, a smartphone or a computer to which an electrocardiograph 1 is connected.

In FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of a holder with two electrodes.

It should be noted that this is one of the possible, but not the only option for the manufacture of a holder with two electrodes.

Since the width of the chest in patients can vary significantly, for the implementation of the method it is necessary to have a holder with two electrodes, in which it is possible to adjust the distance between the electrodes. In the embodiment of the holder with two electrodes shown in FIG. 8, electrodes 8, 12 are fixed in the holder body 10 using nuts 7, which are connected via cable buttons of leads 9 and 11 to lead cable 5 and electrocardiograph 1, respectively. In the housing of the holder 10 there is at least one groove along which at least one of the electrodes is able to move, thereby changing the distance between the electrodes.

The device operates as follows.

The patient, if necessary, measure the ECG, a measurement is made to determine the volume of the chest. According to the measurement results, in accordance with the established method, the distance between the electrodes in the holder with two electrodes 3 is determined and set by loosening the nut 7, moving at least one electrode along the groove in the holder body 10 so that the distance between the electrodes corresponds to the previously defined distance, then the position of the electrode is fixed by nut 7. Through lead cable 5, 2 foot electrodes, 2 hand electrodes 2, 4, and a holder with two electrodes 3 are connected to electrocardiograph 1.

In accordance with the superposition scheme of the holder with two electrodes 3, 3 ECG measurements are made, which are sent via cable 5 to the electrocardiograph 1. In the electrocardiograph 1, the measurement results are processed, an ECG is formed, which can be displayed on the screen of an electronic device 6, for example, a smartphone or computer, sent electronically to the attending physician, etc.

The possibility of carrying out the invention is confirmed by tests carried out during the development of the design and refinement of the device for implementing the method.

Using a holder with two electrodes, in which it is possible to change the distance between the electrodes, determining the distance between the electrodes depending on the width of the human chest, conducting 3 ECG measurements in the chest leads using the holder with two electrodes according to the specified scheme, all this improves the accuracy of measurements ECG.

Claims (2)

1. The method of recording an electrocardiogram (ECG) in 12 standard leads, according to which an electrocardiograph is used, an electronic device for displaying the results of ECG recording on the screen, a lead cable for connecting electrodes to an electrocardiograph, electrodes for fastening on the limbs and a holder with two electrodes for registering chest leads , apply electrodes to the limbs and chest in three positions and record an ECG, characterized in that empirically a table of correspondence is obtained In order to record chest volumes, the distance between the electrodes for registering chest leads, before registering an ECG, the patient’s chest volume is measured, then, depending on the received chest volume, the distance between the electrodes for registering chest leads in the holder is determined and set by moving at least one from the electrodes, and then carry out the registration of the ECG. 2. An ECG recording device in 12 standard leads, comprising an electrocardiograph, a lead cable for connecting electrodes to an electrocardiograph, electrodes for fastening on the extremities, and a holder with two electrodes for registering chest leads, characterized in that the holder with two electrodes for registering chest leads is made with the ability to change the distance between the electrodes by moving at least one of the electrodes to establish the distance between the electrodes in accordance with the volume g udnoy patient's cells, wherein the distance is determined from an empirically derived table of correspondence volumes thorax distances between the electrodes for recording chest leads, and the holder body configured to hold his hand in the measurement of ECG.

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