RU2664012C1 - Electron-beam processor of a quantum computer and the method of its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: computer equipment.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the computer equipment. System of the electron-beam processor of a quantum computer, containing one or more processor cores consisting of controlled electronic lenses in the form of lenses or condensers, controlled electron beam transparencies, electronic prisms, as well as deflecting systems or correctors of aberrations placed in a casing of dielectric material and protected by a screen of ferromagnetic materials, together with information input / output units forming an electron beam on the surface of a controlled electronic transparency around which the metal electrodes of micro lenses and prisms are disposed, and conductors of lens windings and wiring on dielectric plates on both sides, which are an array of controlled electronic micro-lenses with electrostatic or magnetic or combined fields, electrodes or windings of which are connected by conductors with pins on the surface of the body, computing processes are carried out by controlling the parameters of miniature electronic lenses and prisms, using controlled electron beam transparencies.EFFECT: technical result consists in expanding the arsenal of means for the same purpose.13 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to computing, and more precisely to an alternative technique - quantum computers using free electron beams generated using vacuum electronics elements, which are not traditional new elements of computer technology that perform the functions of basic arithmetic and logical operations, in order to increase the speed of computing operations outside depending on external conditions. The invention can be used in mobile computer devices, robots, in super-computers, in systems for fast automatic recognition of images of moving objects, in the autonomous navigation of mobile equipment, including control systems used in aeronautics, astronautics, and other branches of science and technology .

State of the art

Known devices [1-4] computer optics, which are analog optical processors, digital optical processors and optical processors of fuzzy logic, processors of the latter type are divided into two groups: logical processors that implement a strictly defined set of logical operations, and logical output systems, also known under the term "fuzzy associative memory", implementing more complex operations related to the class of fuzzy associations. The input information is represented by matrices from semiconductor lasers connected by planar waveguides to conventional (glass) optics and to switching matrices based on diffractive optical elements. The processor core is usually optical, consisting of arrays of light modulators (working to reflect light) and a set of glass lenses. The output information is presented in electronic form using radiation photodetectors (integrated into the analog-to-light conversion array), which form a matrix of photodiodes combined with a matrix of diodes.

The disadvantage of these devices is that the processor cores contain optical elements: glass optics in the form of a set of glass lenses, arrays of diffractive optical elements - liquid crystals, mirrors, echelles, fiber optics, which are poorly integrated and require special mounting, and with it possess unacceptable overall dimensions.

A disadvantage of such devices is also the fact that the information carrier is light, the information content of which is much less than the information content of the electron beam.

The disadvantage of these devices is that the devices contain a non-integrable system of liquid crystals, on which the speed of this device depends. Their boundary pulse repetition rate is only ~ 1 MHz.

The disadvantage of these devices is that the devices contain non-integrable glass optics in the form of a set of glass lenses that cannot change the optical properties. They are not controllable, which limits the capabilities of optical quantum computers.

The disadvantage of these devices is that the optical devices do not allow the readjustment (restructuring) of the optical circuit of the processor during solving the problem to provide the required computing operations.

The disadvantage of these devices is also the fact that in optical devices it is impossible to change the physical properties of the light stream, for example, the wavelength or phase of the electromagnetic wave.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the present invention is to develop a method that allows for the production of arithmetic and logical computational operations using a device consisting of an emitter of electrons, controlled integrable subminiature electronic lenses, controlled integrable superminiature systems for positioning electron beams and correcting their aberrations (deflecting systems and aberration correctors). The input information is represented by a source of electrons with matrices from controlled integrable subminiature electronic lenses. The processor core consists of arrays of electron beam modulators (controlled by integrable superminiature electronic lenses operating in the light) and an array of controlled integrable superminiature electron beam positioning systems and aberration correctors. The number of such arrays depends on the type and purpose of the quantum electron-beam computer. The output information is presented in electronic form using semiconductor receivers that are sensitive to the flow of free electrons, integrated into an array of analog-electronic conversion, forming a semiconductor matrix, combined with a matrix of diodes.

The objective of the invention is to develop an electron-beam processor for implementing the proposed method and device, which allows for the production of computational operations with a high speed of computational operations (1000 times greater than that of semiconductor and optical computers), since the electron-beam system is not redundant, each an element works at its full potential, and information processing is carried out not sequentially, but simultaneously (the calculation speed depends only on the speed of the electrons).

Another objective of the invention is the development of an electron beam processor for implementing the proposed method and device, which allows for the production of computational operations of large amounts of information at a high computing speed (1000 times greater than that of semiconductor and optical computers).

The third objective of the invention is the development of an electron-beam processor for implementing the proposed method and device that allows fast programmable restructuring (readjustment) of the electron-beam processor circuit to provide the required computing operations, without compromising the high computing performance.

The fourth objective of the invention is the development of an electron-beam processor for implementing the proposed method and device that allows the control of electron-optical elements to perform various computing operations without stopping and reprogramming the computer.

The fifth objective of the invention is the development of an electron beam processor for implementing the proposed method and device that allows full integration of all elements to reduce the overall dimensions of the device.

The sixth objective of the invention is the development of an electron beam processor for the implementation of the proposed method and device, which allows for the production of computational operations of large amounts of information when exposed to external factors: any temperature situation, any intensity of radiation, when exposed to microwave radiation.

The seventh objective of the invention is the development of an electron beam processor for implementing the proposed method and device, allowing to ensure the production of computational operations, which is a system with tunable logic at any time.

The eighth objective of the invention is the development of an electron beam processor that provides integrated manufacturing of processor elements.

The traditional digital system and quantum photon system are systems with strict logic. Any system based on strict logic is necessarily a specialized system that is configured exclusively for one task or less often for a close task. The proposed electron beam system is devoid of this drawback, since its logic can be rebuilt.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In the drawings of FIG. 1 schematically shows an electron beam processor for implementing the proposed method; in FIG. 2 shows a diagram of electron beam processors with a built-in image intensifier tube; in FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the structure of a common bus system of an electron beam processor. FIG. 1. ELV design scheme: 1 - casing of the electron-beam processor; 2 - electron gun; 3 - controlled electronic transparency; 4 - connecting electrodes; 5 - a system for deflecting electron beams; 6 - electronic lens analyzer; 7 - the second controlled electronic transparency; 8 - a second system for deflecting electron beams; 9 - the second electronic lens analyzer; 10 is a semiconductor receiver 10. FIG. 2. Design diagram of ELV with image intensifier tube: 1 - cathode of the image intensifier tube; 2 - anode of the image intensifier tube of the electron beam processor; 3 - controlled electronic transparency; 4 - connecting electrodes; 5 - a system for deflecting electron beams; 6 - electronic lens analyzer; 7 - the second controlled electronic transparency; 8 - a second system for deflecting electron beams; 9 - the second electronic lens analyzer; 10 is a semiconductor receiver 10. FIG. 3. The structure diagram of the common bus system of the electron beam processor.

The best embodiment of the invention

The proposed device is an electron-beam processor for implementing the proposed method includes a housing 1 (Fig. 1), inside the vacuum space of which 2 are elements of the electron-beam processor. The casing of the electron beam processor is made of electrically insulating vacuum material with the possibility of placing elements of the electron beam processor in it. Outside, the housing is covered with a shield that protects the electron beams from electromagnetic fields. On the surface of the housing there are pins for connecting the elements of the electron beam processor with batteries and controls. The information input unit consists of an electron beam emission source with a condenser 2 forming an electron beam on the surface of a controlled electronic transparency 3, consisting of an array of controlled electronic microlenses (electrostatic or magnetic, or with combined fields), the electrodes or windings of which are connected by wires to pins on the outer surface corps.

The basis of the design of the electron-beam processor is a housing 1, inside which there is an electron gun with a condenser 2, a controlled electronic transparency 3, consisting of many controlled electronic microlenses (electrostatic or magnetic or with combined fields) built into the transparency body, the electrodes or windings of which are connected conductors with pins on the outer surface of the device case 4, a system for deflecting electron beams 5, an electronic lens analyzer 6 (electrostatic or magnetic whether with combined fields) connected to the pins on the surface of the device’s body, decomposing the image created by the banner 3 into a spectrum, elements 3, 5, 6 can be repeated (7, 8, 9) depending on the processor design, the signal generated by these elements ( electron beam) is detected by semiconductor detectors 10 sensitive to the flow of free electrons integrated into an array of analog-electronic conversion forming a semiconductor matrix, combined and connected to the matrix of the diode s through the pins located at the end of the housing. In FIG. 2 shows an ELV combined with an electron-optical converter (EOP): a controlled electronic transparency 3, an electronic lens analyzer 6, a system for deflecting electron beams 5 and similar elements 7, 8, 9, and finally, a semiconductor receiver 10.

To achieve maximum versatility and simplify information exchange protocols in electron beam processor systems, the so-called bus structure of communications between the individual devices included in the system is used. With the bus structure of communications, all information flows are sent in the right direction. A typical structure of an electron beam processor system includes three main devices: a processor; input / output devices used to communicate with the electron beam system with external devices for receiving input signals and issuing output signals. All devices of the processor system are united by a common system bus. The system bus includes four main buses of the lower level: address bus; data bus; control bus; power bus.

In FIG. 2 shows the proposed device, intended mainly for pattern recognition and autonomous navigation of the same design as that shown in FIG. 1, and differing only in that instead of a source of electron emission or instead of television vision, or a photo lens with a photodiode array, an electron-optical converter (EOP) is used, part of which (a lens, a photocathode and an electronic lens) is integrated into an electron-beam computer and creates an electronic image of the object, transferring it electronically to the front surface of the electron beam transparency. Technical (television) vision, or a photo lens with a photodiode array, is connected to a controlled electron beam transparency through an array of random access memory cells.

According to the claimed method, the electron beam processor operates as follows. It is known that electron beams differ significantly from the fluxes of photons (light) and electron fluxes moving along conductors in that they have a higher degree of information, not only due to the shorter Debroyle wavelength, but also due to the possibility of controlling the change in the wavelength , a change in the phase of the oscillations of this wave, a change in its polarization, a change in the spatial position of the electron beam. These properties of electron beams provide them with high quality indicators when used in electron beam processors. With their help, you can perform arithmetic and logical operations, multiply matrices by vectors or matrices by matrices, quickly identify and recognize images of moving objects. To carry out these operations, the properties of the elements of vacuum electronics (miniature electronic lenses, electronic prisms, electronic mirrors, electronic stigmatizers, electronic aberration correctors) are used. It is known that outside the focal plane of the lens a spectrum of the object arises. This mathematical operation is the basis of a number of computing processes of electronic lenses. The core of the processor is miniature electronic lenses, combined into arrays - controlled electron beam transparencies with many miniature electronic lenses. Computational processes are carried out by controlling the parameters of miniature electronic lenses and prisms. Each computational operation is carried out for a time equal to the time of flight of the electron beam through the processor. The transition to the next operation is carried out by clock pulses. A typical structure of an electron beam processor system includes three main devices: a processor; input / output devices for connecting the electron beam system with external devices for receiving input signals and issuing output signals. All devices of the processor system are combined by a common system bus (Fig. 3).

Industrial applicability

The invention can be used in mobile computer devices, in robots and robotic technical systems, in supercomputers, in systems for fast automatic recognition of images of moving objects, in autonomous navigation devices of mobile equipment, including various control systems using computers used in aeronautics, astronautics and other branches of science and technology.

Information sources

1. Carts Y.A. Optical computing nears reality // Laser Focus World / 1990 / V / 26 / P / 53-54.

2. Ishihara S. Optical computers: A new era of science. - M .; The science. 1992.

3. Guilfoyle P.S., McCallum D.S. High-speed low-energy digital optical prosessor. // Optical Engineering. 1996. V. 35. P. A3-A9.

4. Averkin A.H., Bykovsky A.YU. Optoelectronic logic device, RF Patent 2128356.

Claims (13)

1. The system of an electron beam processor of a quantum computer, containing at least one or more processor cores, consisting of controlled electronic lenses in the form of lenses or capacitors, controlled electron beam transparencies, consisting of many miniature electronic lenses, electronic prisms, as and deflecting systems or aberration correctors placed in a vacuum casing made of dielectric material and protected by a screen made of ferromagnetic materials, together with information input / output blocks, cc block The information ode consists of an electron beam emission source with a condenser forming an electron beam on the surface of a controlled electronic transparency, which is a thin plate of dielectric or metal with many microholes, around which metal electrodes of micro lenses and prisms are placed by planar technology, and lens coil conductors and wiring on dielectric plates on both sides, and on metal on one side, separated from the metal by a dielectric film, representing an array of controlled electronic micro-lenses with electrostatic or magnetic, or with combined fields, the electrodes or windings of which are connected by conductors with pins on the surface of the casing, the basis of one core or more of the core are these controlled electron beam transparencies, and electronic lenses, computational processes are carried out by controlling the parameters of miniature electronic lenses and prisms, using controlled electron beam transparencies, and each computational operation carried out is obtained for a time equal to the time of flight of the electron beam through the processor, information is output by semiconductor receivers sensitive to the flow of free electrons integrated into the array of analog-electronic conversion, forming a semiconductor matrix, combined and connected to the matrix of diodes through the pins placed on the case, all processor devices are united by a common system bus, and the processor system bus includes four main buses of the lower level: address bus, data bus, bus well, controls, a power bus, moreover, these controlled electron beam transparencies with electron-optical elements are manufactured according to planar technology, and magnetic lenses and lenses with combined electrostatic and magnetic fields have magnetic cores made of soft materials that are not closed on both sides, the gap between the elements of the specified the magnetic circuit serves as a pole tip, and the elements of the magnetic circuit simultaneously act as an electrostatic lens and a magnetic lens, all of these lenses have t-holes in the middle, around which are arranged windings flat magnetic microlenses. 2. The system according to claim 1. differs from the known ones in that it has the flexibility to control the physical parameters of electron beams. 3. The system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the electron-optical microelements are combined into arrays of controlled integrable super-miniature systems for positioning electron beams and aberration correctors located on the transparency plane. 4. The system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the electronic lenses allow you to individually change the speed and phase of each electron beam, operate in the mode of forming the spatial frequency spectrum of the analyzed image of an object formed by a transparency or an electron-optical converter. 5. The system of claim 1 is characterized in that technical or television vision, or a photo lens with a photodiode array, is used to enter information, which is connected to a controlled electron beam transparency through an array of random access memory cells. 6 The system of claim 1 is characterized in that for inputting information, the electron-optical converter is integrated into the electron-beam computer. 7. The system of claim 1 is characterized in that an electron source with a thermal cathode or field cathode is used; placed in a solenoid with a magnetic field. 8. The system of claim 1 is characterized in that it uses rigid or tunable logic. 9. The system according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is resistant to any external conditions: temperature, radiation, magnetic, microwave field. 10. A method of performing computational operations, characterized in that, when solving mathematical and logical problems, the flow of free electrons generated by the system into a vacuum space according to any one of paragraphs. 1-8, interacts with many longitudinal, axially symmetric electric and magnetic fields of electrostatic and magnetic lenses, and transverse electric and magnetic fields of deflecting systems. 11. A method of performing computational operations, characterized in that when solving mathematical and logical problems, the procedure of decomposing the image of an object with an electronic lens into a spectrum is used, with the logarithm of this spectrum using the procedure of astigmatism of the spectrum image using electronic prisms or cylindrical lenses, or electron deflection systems by any of paragraphs. 1-8. 12. Method for the production of computational operations according to claims. 1-8, characterized in that when performing computational operations, the control of electron beams is carried out using electric and magnetic fields by controlling the parameters of electronic lenses and prisms using controlled beam transparency of the system according to any one of paragraphs. 1-8. 13. Method for the production of computational operations according to claims. 1-8, characterized in that the change in the energy and phases of the electrons in each electron beam is carried out by controlling the parameters of electronic lenses and prisms using controlled beam transparencies of the system according to any one of paragraphs. 1-8.

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