RU2663739C1 - Method for manufacturing direct flow reverse-osmosis filtering systems, direct flow reverse-osmosis filtering system (options) and pump unit of direct flow reverse-osmosis filtering systems (options) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technology of water and air purification.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to water purification means. Pump unit of the reverse osmosis filtration system comprises housing 18 within which power supply unit 19 and pump 20 connected thereto are mounted, first 21 and second 22 pressure sensors, controller 26, adjustable valve 23, solenoid valve 24.EFFECT: improved quality and degree of cleaning efficiency.26 cl, 8 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to means for producing pure water, in particular to reverse osmosis water purification systems and controls for such systems, and can be used in residential premises, hospitals, social institutions, as well as in industrial enterprises.

State of the art

As the closest analogue, a means for controlling reverse osmosis systems was selected, which contains a pump whose inlet is connected to the inlet pipe and the outlet is connected to the pipe to connect to the input of the membrane separation unit (US 2005/0115875 A1, published June 2, 2005). The purified water that has passed the membrane separation is stored in a tank from which it is supplied to the consumer. Storage of water in the tank reduces its quality compared to once-through systems in which the water that has just been cleaned is sent to the consumer.

In addition, in reverse osmosis cleaning systems with a storage tank, a back pressure is applied to the membrane from the tank side, which reduces the efficiency of the pump. As a result, ceteris paribus (with the same pump power, etc.), systems with a storage tank show the worst characteristics of flow rate, degree of desalination, and permeate selection coefficient. In turn, this entails a decrease in the service life of the membrane and prefilters.

Disclosure of the invention

The problem solved by the present invention is the creation of means for constructing direct-flow reverse osmosis water purification systems and their management to increase the degree of cleaning efficiency.

In the course of solving this problem, the following set of technical results is achieved: the possibility of creating once-through reverse osmosis filtering systems by converting existing membrane cleaning systems that do not require replacement of the entire system; increase in speed and degree of filtration efficiency; pressure increase in front of the reverse osmosis membrane in conditions of low tap pressure; increase the coefficient of selection of permeate; improving the degree of water purification; extending the life of the membrane and the system as a whole, as well as increasing the convenience of its operation.

This set of technical results is achieved by the fact that the method of creating a direct-flow reverse osmosis filtering system containing a membrane having an inlet, a concentrate outlet and a permeate outlet is that

- provide a pump unit having means for connecting to a power source;

- said pump unit has a housing inside which are installed: a pump, first and second water pressure sensors, a controller, an adjustable valve, an electromagnetic valve;

- said pump unit comprises means for connecting to at least the following pipelines: an inlet pipe connecting a water source to said pump unit; a pipeline to the membrane inlet connecting said pump unit to said membrane inlet; a permeate conduit connecting said membrane permeate outlet to said pump unit; a concentrate pipe connecting said membrane concentrate outlet to said pump unit, and a drainage pipe connecting said pump unit to a drain;

- provide the connection of the aforementioned pump unit with the said pipelines so that the inlet pipe is connected to the inlet of the pump through the solenoid valve, the inlet pipe is also connected to the first pressure sensor, the pipe to the membrane inlet is connected to the output of the pump, the permeate pipe is connected to the second a pressure sensor, and the concentrate pipeline is connected to the drainage pipeline through said adjustable valve;

- provide signals from said first and second pressure sensors to said controller and control the operation of the pump unit based on the signals of said controller;

provide permeate to the consumer through an appropriate pipeline.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that

- said casing of the pump unit contains means for indicating the status of the pump unit;

- provide control of the indicated means of indication by means of said controller.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that in case of low pressure in the inlet pipe or high pressure in the permeate pipe, the said pump is turned off and the water supply to the inlet of said pump is shut off by means of the said electromagnetic valve.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that they provide switching the pump unit from the mode of restricting the flow of concentrate to the washing mode of the membrane by opening the said adjustable valve, while the washing mode is performed after each cycle of the pump.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that

- said pump unit further comprises means for connecting to a permeate supply pipe to a consumer;

- provide the connection of the aforementioned pump unit with the permeate supply pipe to the consumer so that the permeate pipe is connected to the permeate supply pipe to the consumer and to the second pressure sensor.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that

- ensure that said controller receives data from a group of at least the following sensors: a flow rate sensor mounted on an inlet pipe; a flow rate sensor installed on the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; salinity sensor installed on the inlet pipe; salinity sensor installed on the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; water temperature sensor installed on the inlet pipe;

- provide data from the said group of sensors by the said controller and the transmission of this data over a wireless communication channel for remote storage.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that the said group of sensors is installed inside the pump housing, and the controller is provided with a wireless module.

The specified set of technical results is achieved by the fact that the reverse osmosis filtering system, according to the first embodiment, contains:

- a membrane having an inlet, a concentrate outlet and a permeate outlet;

- a pump unit having means for connecting to a power source, means for connecting to pipelines and a housing inside which are installed: a pump, first and second water pressure sensors, a controller, an adjustable valve, an electromagnetic valve;

- a group of pipelines, including at least: an inlet pipe connecting a water source to said pump unit; a pipeline to the membrane inlet connecting said pump unit to said membrane inlet; a permeate conduit connecting said membrane permeate outlet to said pump unit; a concentrate pipe connecting said membrane concentrate outlet to said pump unit, and a drainage pipe connecting said pump unit to a drain;

said pump unit is connected to said pipelines so that the inlet pipe is connected to the inlet of said pump through said electromagnetic valve, the inlet pipe is also connected to said first pressure sensor, the pipe to the membrane inlet is connected to the output of said pump, the permeate pipe is connected to said second pressure sensor and the concentrate pipeline is connected to the drainage pipeline through said adjustable valve;

- the aforementioned membrane permeate outlet is connected to the permeate supply means to the consumer by means of a corresponding pipeline;

- said controller is connected to said first and second pressure sensors, an adjustable valve and an electromagnetic valve, and is configured to control the operation of said pump unit.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that the system contains at least one prefilter installed in front of the membrane inlet.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that the system comprises at least one post-filter installed between the said output of the membrane permeate and the means for supplying permeate to the consumer.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that said pre-filter, post-filter and membrane are located in a single housing in the form of a cleaning unit, said cleaning unit housing contains means for attaching said filters and a membrane and means for connecting to the following pipelines: a membrane inlet pipe, a permeate pipe, Concentrate pipeline; Pure water supply pipeline to the consumer.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that the system

- contains a group of at least the following sensors: a flow rate sensor mounted on the inlet pipe; a flow rate sensor installed on the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; salinity sensor installed on the inlet pipe; salinity sensor installed on the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; water temperature sensor installed on the inlet pipe;

- said controller is connected to said sensor group and has a wireless communication module for transmitting the received data to remote storage.

The specified set of technical results is achieved by the fact that the reverse osmosis filtering system, according to the second embodiment, contains:

- a membrane having an inlet, a concentrate outlet and a permeate outlet;

- a pump unit having means for connecting to a power source, means for connecting to pipelines and a housing inside which are installed: a pump, first and second water pressure sensors, a controller, an adjustable valve, an electromagnetic valve;

- a group of pipelines, including at least: an inlet pipe connecting a water source to said pump unit; a pipeline to the membrane inlet connecting said pump unit to said membrane inlet; a permeate conduit connecting said membrane permeate outlet to said pump unit; a concentrate pipe connecting said membrane concentrate outlet to said pump unit, and a drainage pipe connecting said pump unit to a drain;

said pump unit is connected to said pipelines so that the inlet pipe is connected to the inlet of said pump through said electromagnetic valve, the inlet pipe is also connected to said first pressure sensor, the pipe to the membrane inlet is connected to the output of said pump, the permeate pipe is connected to said second pressure sensor and the concentrate pipeline is connected to the drainage pipeline through said adjustable valve;

- said pump unit contains means for connecting to a permeate supply pipe to a consumer;

- the system comprises a permeate supply pipe to a consumer connecting said pump unit to a permeate supply means to a consumer;

- said pump unit is connected to said permeate supply pipe to a consumer so that the permeate pipe is also connected to a permeate supply pipe to a consumer;

- said controller is connected to said first and second pressure sensors, an adjustable valve and an electromagnetic valve, and is configured to control the operation of said pump unit.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that the system contains at least one prefilter installed in front of the membrane inlet.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that the system comprises at least one post-filter installed between the said output of the membrane permeate and the means for supplying permeate to the consumer.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that said pre-filter, post-filter and membrane are located in a single housing in the form of a cleaning unit, said cleaning unit housing contains means for attaching said filters and a membrane and means for connecting to the following pipelines: a membrane inlet pipe, a permeate pipe, concentrate pipeline.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that the system

- contains a group of at least the following sensors: a flow rate sensor mounted on the inlet pipe; a flow rate sensor installed on the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; salinity sensor installed on the inlet pipe; salinity sensor installed on the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; water temperature sensor installed on the inlet pipe;

- said controller is connected to said sensor group and has a wireless communication module for transmitting the received data to remote storage.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that said group of sensors is installed inside said pump case body.

The specified set of technical results is achieved by the fact that the pump unit of the reverse osmosis filtering system having a membrane having an inlet, a concentrate outlet and a permeate outlet, according to the first embodiment, contains:

- Means of connecting to a power source, a housing inside which is installed: a pump, first and second water pressure sensors, a controller, an adjustable valve, an electromagnetic valve;

- means for connecting to a group of pipelines, including at least: an inlet pipe for connecting to a water source; a pipe to the membrane inlet for connection to the membrane inlet; a permeate conduit for connecting to the membrane permeate outlet; a concentrate pipe for connecting to the outlet of the membrane concentrate, and a drainage pipe for connecting to the drain;

- said pump unit is designed so that when connected to the said group of pipelines, the inlet pipe is connected to the inlet of the pump through the solenoid valve, the inlet pipe is also connected to the first pressure sensor, the pipe to the membrane inlet is connected to the output of the pump, the permeate pipe is connected to said second pressure sensor, and the concentrate pipe is connected to the drain pipe through said adjustable valve;

- said controller is connected to said first and second pressure sensors, an adjustable valve and an electromagnetic valve, and is configured to control the operation of said pump unit.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that the pump unit contains installed on the housing means for indicating the status of the unit, controlled by the controller.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that said controller is configured to turn on the membrane washing mode by opening said adjustable valve at the end of each pump switching cycle.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that the said controller is configured to receive data from a group of sensors, including at least: a flow rate sensor mounted on the inlet pipe; a flow rate sensor installed on the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; salinity sensor installed on the inlet pipe; salinity sensor installed on the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; water temperature sensor installed on the inlet pipe;

- wherein said controller has a wireless module for transmitting the received data to remote storage.

The specified set of technical results is achieved by the fact that the pump unit of the reverse osmosis filtering system having a membrane having an inlet, a concentrate outlet and a permeate outlet, according to the second embodiment, contains:

- means of connecting to a power source, and a housing inside which are installed: a pump, first and second water pressure sensors, a controller, an adjustable valve, an electromagnetic valve;

- the pump unit contains means for connecting to a group of pipelines, including at least: an inlet pipe for connecting to a water source; a pipe to the membrane inlet for connection to the membrane inlet; a permeate conduit for connecting to the membrane permeate outlet; a concentrate pipe for connecting to the outlet of the membrane concentrate, and a drainage pipe for connecting to the drain;

- said pump unit is designed so that when connected to the said group of pipelines, the inlet pipe is connected to the inlet of the pump through the solenoid valve, the inlet pipe is also connected to the first pressure sensor, the pipe to the membrane inlet is connected to the output of the pump, the permeate pipe is connected to said second pressure sensor, and the concentrate pipe is connected to the drain pipe through said adjustable valve;

- the pump unit contains means for connecting to the permeate supply line to the consumer, intended to be connected to the permeate supply means to the consumer;

- said pump unit is designed so that when connected to said pipelines, the permeate pipeline is also connected to the permeate supply pipe to the consumer;

- said controller is connected to said first and second pressure sensors, an adjustable valve and an electromagnetic valve, and is configured to control the operation of said pump unit.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that the pump unit contains installed on the housing means for indicating the status of the unit, controlled by the controller.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that said controller is configured to turn on the membrane washing mode by opening said adjustable valve at the end of each pump switching cycle.

The specified set of technical results is also achieved by the fact that inside the said housing a group of at least the following sensors is installed: a flow velocity sensor mounted on the inlet pipe; a flow rate sensor installed on the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; salinity sensor installed on the inlet pipe; salinity sensor installed on the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; water temperature sensor installed on the inlet pipe;

- said controller is configured to receive data from said group of sensors and has a wireless communication module for transmitting the received data to remote storage.

A distinctive feature of the means in accordance with the present invention is that they allow the creation of direct-flow reverse osmosis water purification systems by supplementing existing systems with a pump unit, which can be installed both near the existing reverse osmosis system and remotely. Another distinctive feature of the present invention is a high degree of structural aggregation and the ability to build split systems in which electrical components that do not require regular maintenance and filtering equipment that require maintenance and access are completely separated and spaced.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 shows the options for constructing a direct-flow reverse osmosis water purification system.

In FIG. 6-FIG. 8 shows the design of the pump unit.

The implementation of the invention

The problem of providing the population with quality drinking water remains relevant throughout the world. Among the large number of existing cleaning agents, reverse osmosis treatment systems provide the highest quality water with maximum efficiency. A modern water filtration system must meet many requirements:

- ensuring the supply of fresh water to the consumer, excluding its storage in the drive;

- stable high performance of clean water at any time as needed;

- saving water by reducing the discharge of water into the sewer and other losses;

- low cost of maintenance and operation by increasing the life of the membrane, prefilters, etc .;

- high reliability of operation.

Currently, millions of water purification systems are in operation that do not meet modern requirements. Due to the different designs of existing systems and different operating conditions, raising their technical level is most often possible only by completely replacing all equipment. The present invention allows to create a direct-flow reverse osmosis split-cleaning system that meets modern requirements, based on almost any existing reverse osmosis system by converting it and allows for a high degree of filtering efficiency. The degree of filtration efficiency means the proportion of water entering the treatment system, which in typical conditions of daily use is processed by the system into purified osmotic water available for consumption. The degree of efficiency is influenced not only by the properties of the membrane, but also by other design and operational factors, for example, pump power, throughput of the flow restrictor on the drainage line, the presence and parameters of auto-flushing, etc.

One of the main factors determining the effectiveness of the reverse osmosis process is the magnitude of the water pressure at the membrane inlet, therefore, the basis for solving the problem is the design of the pump unit shown in FIG. 6-FIG. 8.

According to the first embodiment, the pump unit 1 of the reverse osmosis filtering system includes means for connecting to a power source, a housing 18, inside which are installed: a pump 20, a first 21 and a second 22 water pressure sensors, a controller 26, an adjustable valve 23, an electromagnetic valve 24.

The power source can be made both in the form of a power supply unit 19, installed inside the housing 18, and in the form of an external unit, providing power to the electrical components of the pump unit from the mains. If there is an internal power supply unit 19, the latter can be performed with either one output voltage, for example 24 V, or with several, for example 24 V and 48 V. This will allow installing pumps of various power and performance in pump unit 1 without changing the others Components.

The housing 18 may be made of plastic and consist of a base 27 and a cover 28, as shown in Fig. 8. The housing 18 may include a ventilation window (not shown). The housing 18 may also include shock absorbing supports 25 and means of attachment to vertical surfaces (not shown). As such means of fastening, sockets, hinges, flanges and any other known elements can be used.

The pump unit 1 comprises means 8 for connecting to a group of pipelines, including at least: an inlet pipe 3 for connecting to a water source; pipeline 4 at the input of the membrane for connection with the input of the membrane 16; permeate pipe 5 for connecting to the permeate outlet of the membrane 16; a concentrate conduit 6 for connecting to the outlet of the membrane concentrate 16, and a drainage conduit 7 for connecting to the drain. As the connection means 8, standard fittings, fittings, adapters, collet elements or any other suitable means can be used. Thus, the pump unit 1 according to the first embodiment is intended to be connected to three inlet pipelines 3, 5 and 6 and two exhaust pipelines 4 and 7.

The inlet of the pump 20 is connected to the means of connecting to the input pipe 3, and the output of the pump 20 is connected to the means of connecting to the pipe 4 to the membrane inlet. Thus, the pump 20 creates in the pipeline 4 at the inlet of the membrane the water pressure of the required value.

The first pressure sensor 21 is used to determine the water pressure at the inlet of the pump 20. The second pressure sensor 22 is used to determine the permeate pressure in the pipeline 5. Both pressure sensors are installed inside the housing 18. As sensors for pressure 21 and 22, for example, sensors with a bellows or membrane elastic element. The function of the pressure sensors 21 and 22 is to provide an electrical signal at a time when the pressure in the corresponding pipe reaches a certain maximum or minimum value.

The inlet of the pump 20 is connected to the means of connecting to the inlet pipe 3 through an electromagnetic valve 24 to stop the water supply to the pump by the signal of the controller 26. The controller 26 gives a signal to close the solenoid valve 24 if the pressure in the inlet pipe 3 measured by the first sensor 21 pressure reaches a certain lower acceptable value. A decrease in pressure means that there is not enough water in the inlet pipe 3, and in order to prevent damage to the pump 20, the controller 26 gives a signal to turn it off, shut off the inlet pipe 3 and turn on the corresponding indicator light.

The adjustable valve 23 provides a connection inside the housing 18 of the pipeline 6 of the concentrate with the drain pipe 7 and performs the function of a flow restrictor on the drainage line.

The controller 26 is installed inside the housing 18, for example, in its cover 28 (see Fig. 7) and provides control over the operation of the adjustable valve 23, pump 20, the electromagnetic valve 24 and other electrical components. As the controller 26 can be used as a programmable or non-programmable industrial controller.

Thus, the pump unit 1 according to the first embodiment is designed so that when connected to the mentioned group of pipelines:

- the inlet pipe 3 inside the housing 18 is connected to the inlet of the pump 20 through the aforementioned electromagnetic valve 24, while the inlet pipe 3 is also connected to the aforementioned first pressure sensor 21,

- the pipe 4 at the input of the membrane is connected inside the housing 18 with the output of the pump 20,

- the permeate pipe 5 is connected inside the housing 18 with the second pressure sensor 22 and is not flow-through,

- the pipeline 6 of the concentrate is connected inside the housing 18 with the drain pipe 7 through an adjustable valve 23.

- the controller 26 is connected to said first 21 and second 22 pressure sensors, an adjustable valve 23, an electromagnetic valve 24, and is configured to control the operation of said pump unit.

The pump unit 1 may comprise diode means 10 for indicating the state and operating modes of the unit, which are mounted on the housing 18 (for example, on the cover 28), controlled by the controller 26. Standard light diodes, possibly of different colors, can be used as the means of indication. In the event of the occurrence of an event or the inclusion of a certain operating mode, the corresponding indicator lights up. Indicators 10 can, for example, inform the user about the following conditions: there is no water in the inlet pipe; filtering is performed (operating mode); filter readiness mode; membrane flushing mode; the need to restart.

The controller 26 is configured to switch the adjustable trap 23 from the mode of restricting the flow of concentrate to the washing mode of the membrane 16. This is achieved by fully opening the adjustable valve 23 and increasing the flow washing the membrane. It is advisable to turn on the flushing mode at the end of each filtration cycle (on / off cycle of pump 20) for a period of 15 seconds to 25 seconds, depending on the quality of the water. The optimal washing mode prolongs the membrane life, improves the quality of cleaning and the degree of filtration efficiency.

The pump unit 1 may be configured to receive measurement information from various sensors. In this case, the controller 26 is configured to receive data from a group of sensors, including, for example: a flow rate sensor 30 mounted on an inlet pipe 3; a flow rate sensor 31 mounted on a permeate supply pipe 11 to a consumer; salinity sensor 32 mounted on inlet pipe 3; a salt content sensor 33 mounted on a permeate supply pipe 11 to a consumer; a water temperature sensor 34 mounted on the inlet pipe 3; a leak detector (not shown) located on the floor of the room in which the filter system is installed. Sensors 30, 32 and 34 in the first embodiment of the pump unit can be implemented in a common housing in the form of a sensor hub mounted on the inlet pipe 3 outside the pump unit 1.

To communicate with a group of sensors, a controller 26 is selected that has a sufficient number of input channels and is capable of receiving data from sensors, as well as storing, processing, and transmitting these data to computer systems. The controller 26 may have a wireless module, for example, Bluetooth, over Wi-Fi networks, etc. for transmitting the received data to remote storage and processing. The data obtained from the sensors will allow the controller 26 to monitor the status of the filtering process in real time and to control the operation of the pump unit 1 to achieve the maximum degree of efficiency and quality of cleaning. Data from sensors can either be stored in the memory of the controller 26, or transmitted over networks, for example, to cloud storage, and used to inform the user about the state of the system in real time, for example, through a special application on a smartphone.

Thus, the pump unit 1 can be integrated into various information systems.

The difference between the pump unit 1 according to the second embodiment is that it additionally contains means 29 for connecting to the permeate supply pipe 11 to the consumer, and in this case, the pipe 11 connects the pump unit 1 to the permeate supply means 12 to the consumer (in the first embodiment, the pipe 11 connects the permeate output membrane 16 with means 12 for supplying permeate to the consumer). The differences of the second embodiment and the connection of the pump unit 1 from the first are shown in FIG. 1 dashed line. As seen in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6, the permeate pipe 5 inside the housing 18 passes into the pipe 11 through the second pressure sensor 22, forming a permeate flow line.

In the second embodiment, the pump unit 1 is configured so that when connected to the said pipelines, the permeate pipe 5 is connected to both the permeate supply pipe 11 to the consumer and the second pressure sensor 22 (as shown in Fig. 6).

A distinctive feature of the second embodiment of the pump unit 1 is that the permeate line is made flowing inside the pump unit 1, and not deaf, as in the first embodiment. This design allows you to place a group of sensors 30-34 inside the housing 18 and provide the same additional functionality with fewer assembly elements of the filtering system.

The design of the pump side 1 described above for the first and second options is the basis of reverse osmosis filtering systems.

Such a system as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, comprises a reverse osmosis membrane 16 having an inlet, a concentrate outlet and a permeate outlet. In filtration systems equipped with a pump-operated side in accordance with the present invention, reverse osmosis membranes of the Prio ^® brand of models K858, K859 are optimal.

As is known in the art, permeate is understood to mean water that has undergone membrane separation. By concentrate is meant water that has not undergone membrane separation, into which all impurities retained by the membrane are washed off.

In a first embodiment of the system, the permeate outlet of the membrane 16 is connected to the means 12 for supplying pure water to the consumer via a permeate supply line 11 to the consumer. In FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, the first embodiment is shown by a solid line. As means 12 for supplying pure water to a consumer, for example, a faucet 12 is used.

The basis of the filtration system in accordance with the present invention is the pump unit 1 shown in FIG. 6-FIG. 8 and described above.

According to the first embodiment of the system, the pump unit 1 is connected by means of connection 8 to the following pipelines: inlet pipe 3, pipe 4 to the membrane inlet, permeate pipe 5, concentrate pipe 6, drain pipe 7. Thus, the pump unit 1 is connected to three inlet pipelines 3, 5 and 6 and two exhaust pipelines 4 and 7, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5. As a means of connecting to the aforementioned pipelines, any known means (fittings, fittings, adapters, etc.) can be used.

At the entrance of the membrane 16, at least one prefilter can be installed. The prefilter is designed to protect against mechanical impurities and provides an extension of the life of both the membrane and other components. There are various options for installing a prefilter. A prefilter 13 can be mounted on the inlet pipe 3 in front of the pumping side 1, as shown in FIG. 2 (option 2), FIG. 3-FIG. 5. In this case, the prefilter 13 protects both the pump 20 and the membrane 16 from mechanical impurities. It is also possible to install the prefilter 14 in the pipe 4 at the membrane inlet after the pump unit 1, as shown in FIG. 2 (option 1). In this case, only the membrane 16 is protected, but it becomes possible to form a more compact single cleaning unit 2.

As pre-filters, both single-module and multi-module filters can be used. In FIG. 2-FIG. 4 shows single-module pre-filters. In FIG. 5 shows a variant with a multi-module pre-filter, which is an assembly of three modules, including a combination of deposited and mechanical filter modules.

It is advisable to use mechanical filters with prefilters with a filter fineness of worse than 5 microns. The optimal properties for use as prefilters in the present invention are possessed by Prio ^® brand filters of models K100, K101, K871.

The filtering system in accordance with the present invention may include at least one post-filter 15, which is installed between the output of the permeate of the membrane 16 and the means 12 for supplying permeate to the consumer. The presence of a post filter allows you to improve the quality of water treatment and improve its taste. The optimal properties for use as post-filters in the present invention are possessed by Prio ^® filters of models K875, K870, K884, K879, K880, K886, K881. From those shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 4, FIG. Of the 5 options, it is obvious that the post-filter can be installed both on the permeate pipe 5 and on the permeate supply pipe 11 to the consumer. Most preferred is the installation of the post-filter 15 on the pipe 11 as close to the means 12 for supplying permeate to the consumer.

To increase the modularity of the design, it is advisable to prefilter 14, postfilter 15 and membrane 16 in one housing in the form of a single cleaning unit 2, as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 (dashed line), FIG. 4 (dashed line) and FIG. 5 (dashed line). The body of the cleaning unit 2 may contain means 17 for attaching the mentioned filters and membranes and means 9 for connecting to the following pipelines: pipe 4 to the membrane inlet, permeate pipe 5, concentrate pipe 6, pure water supply pipe 11 to the consumer. Means 17 of fastening can be made in the form of elastic plastic forks, providing capture and fixing of the cylindrical filter housings and membranes due to the elastic deformation of the material. This design provides quick removal / installation without additional assembly operations.

On the pipe 5 of the permeate, as close as possible to the outlet of the permeate of the membrane 16, a check valve 35 is installed to prevent the reverse flow of permeate.

Further development of the system in accordance with the present invention consists in the presence of the sensor group 30-34 described above. The system may contain additional sensors depending on specific conditions. This ensures the appearance of information and communication subsystems as components, which allows you to integrate the filtering system into various computer networks.

The difference of the filtering system in the second embodiment is the connection of the permeate supply pipe 11 to the consumer. In the second embodiment, the pipe 11 is connected to the pump unit 1, and not to the permeate outlet of the membrane 16. This connection option is shown by the dashed line in FIG. 1. In the second embodiment, there is no need to install means for connecting to the pipe 11 on the cleaning unit 2. The permeate line in the second embodiment is flowing and starts from the permeate of the membrane 16, passes inside the housing 18 through the second pressure sensor 22, and connects to the clean supply means 12 water to the consumer.

Thus, all embodiments of the system are shown in graphical materials:

- in FIG. 1 shows the design of a reverse osmosis filtration system, comprising a pump-action flap 1 and a purification unit 2, connected by pipelines 4, 5 and 6;

- in FIG. 2 shows the options for a filtering system with a postfilter 15 and two options for connecting a single-module prefilter 13 (option 2) and a single-module prefilter 14 (option 1);

- in FIG. 3 shows the design of the cleaning unit 2 (dashed line) comprising a single-module prefilter 13 and a membrane 16;

- in FIG. 4 shows the design of a cleaning unit (dashed line) comprising a single-module prefilter 13, a membrane 16 and a postfilter 15;

- in FIG. 5 shows the design of a cleaning unit (dashed line) comprising a three-module prefilter 13, a membrane 16 and a postfilter 15.

The modular design of the filtering system allows you to quickly create from scratch, as well as convert and modify existing filtering systems into direct-flow reverse osmosis systems.

This is as follows.

For a direct-flow reverse osmosis filtering system, the required capacity is determined, a pump 20 (pump) of the required power is selected, and on its basis a pump unit 1 is created, as described above. Install the pump unit 1 in the immediate vicinity of the cleaning unit 2, which does not contain any electrical components, or at a distance from it, depending on operating conditions. The present invention allows to create split filtering systems in which a maintenance-free pump unit 1 can stand up to a distance of 20 meters from the cleaning unit 2 that requires quick availability.

The pump unit 1 is connected to the inlet pipe 3, the pipe 4 to the membrane inlet, the permeate pipe 5, the concentrate pipe 6 and the drain pipe 7 using appropriate connection means.

The permeate pipe 5 is also connected to the means of supplying pure water to the consumer 12 via the pipe 11. In the first embodiment, the pipe 11 connects the permeate outlet of the membrane 16 to the means 12. In the second embodiment, the pipe 11 connects the permeate output of the membrane 16 to the permeate supply means 12 to the consumer through the pump block 1.

Due to the design of the pump unit 1, the concentrate pipe 6 is connected inside the housing 18 with the drain pipe 7 through an adjustable valve 23. This connection allows you to control the throughput of the flow restrictor on the drainage line, which increases the permeate selection coefficient and allows you to turn the membrane flush on and off to increase it service life and work efficiency.

Open the inlet pipe 3 and provide a water supply to the inlet of the pump 20 under pressure from 0.05 MPa to 0.45 MPa.

The filtering system and the pump unit work as follows.

The first pressure sensor 21 determines the water pressure at the inlet of the pump 20 and transmits data to the controller 26. The controller 26 provides voltage from the power source to the pump 20 and opens the solenoid valve 24. The pump 20 delivers water to the pipe 4 to the input of the membrane 16 and provides pressure the inlet of the membrane 16 is not lower than 0.6 MPa.

Permeate from the output of the membrane 16 is supplied to the user through the pipe 11 and the supply means 12. In the filtering mode, the adjustable valve 23 is half open and acts as a flow restrictor of the concentrate. The concentrate in this filtering mode is discharged into the drainage pipe 7 with a flow rate of 240 ml / min to 450 ml / min. On the housing 18 of the pump unit 1, the corresponding indicator light is on.

If the user stops consuming water (supply means 12 is closed), the pressure in the permeate pipe 5 rises. The second pressure sensor 22 detects the pressure in the pipeline 5 and transmits data to the controller 26. If the permeate pressure reaches the maximum permissible value, the controller 26 switches on the washing cycle of the membrane 16, for which it switches the adjustable valve 23 from the mode of limiting the flow of concentrate to the washing mode of the membrane 16, after which turns off the pump 20, closes the solenoid valve 24, returns the adjustable valve 23 from the flushing mode of the membrane 16 to the flow restriction mode of the concentrate and turns on the corresponding indicator light. This prevents the breakdown of the mechanisms of the pump unit 1.

At the end of each cycle of the pump 20, the membrane flushing mode is automatically activated. For this, the controller 26 completely opens the adjustable valve 23 for a period of 15 seconds to 25 seconds and provides a drain into the drainage pipe 7 of the concentrate stream with a flow rate of up to 2.2 l / min.

On the housing 18 of the pump unit 1, the corresponding indicator light is turned on.

If there are sensors 30-34, the data from them is sent to the controller 26, which, depending on the operating algorithms, processes them, transfers them to remote storage and controls the operation of the system depending on the data received. Data from sensors 30-34 transferred to external systems can be used in various ways, for example, sent to the cloud storage and through the application in a smartphone to inform the consumer about the state of the system and the quality of cleaning in real time.

The design of the pump unit in accordance with the present invention allows the creation of modern direct-flow reverse osmosis filtering systems by converting existing membrane cleaning systems without replacing the entire system. Such a conversion to direct-flow systems provides an increase in the filtration rate, an increase in pressure in front of the reverse osmosis membrane under low water pressure, an increase in the permeate extraction coefficient and degree of efficiency, as well as an improvement in the degree of water purification.

In the present invention, the permeate selection coefficient can reach 2/3, while in traditional systemic ones with a tank about 1/6. From here it is easy to calculate that to get 1 liter of permeate in the traditional system, 6 liters of water must be passed through the prefilters (5 of which will then merge into the drainage). In a once-through system in accordance with the present invention, to obtain 1 liter of permeate, only 1.5 liters must be passed through the prefilters (of which 0.5 l will be drained into the drain). As a result, ceteris paribus, prefilters in this system can last 4 times longer (6 / 1.5 = 4) and their resource in our example is wasted only on cleaning 1.5 liters of water, and not 6 liters as in traditional systems.

Thus, an increase in the permeate selection coefficient, in turn, leads to a more efficient use of the existing resource of prefilters and an extension of their service life. Controlling the operation of the pump unit through the controller allows you to automate the flushing of the membrane after each filtration cycle, which extends the life of the membrane and also increases the usability of the pump side and the filter system as a whole.

Claims (70)

1. A method of creating a direct-flow reverse osmosis filtering system containing a membrane having an inlet, outlet concentrate and permeate outlet, consisting in the fact that - provide a pump unit having means for connecting to a power source; - said pump unit has a housing; - inside the said housing are installed: pump, first and second water pressure sensors, controller, adjustable valve, solenoid valve; - said pump unit comprises means for connecting to at least the following pipelines: an inlet pipe connecting a water source to said pump unit; a pipeline to the membrane inlet connecting said pump unit to said membrane inlet; a permeate conduit connecting said membrane permeate outlet to said pump unit; a concentrate pipe connecting said membrane concentrate outlet to said pump unit, and a drainage pipe connecting said pump unit to a drain; - provide the connection of the aforementioned pump unit with the said pipelines so that the inlet pipe is connected to the inlet of the pump through the solenoid valve, the inlet pipe is also connected to the first pressure sensor, the pipe to the membrane inlet is connected to the output of the pump, the permeate pipe is connected to the second a pressure sensor, and the concentrate pipeline is connected to the drainage pipeline through said adjustable valve; - provide signals from said first and second pressure sensors to said controller and control the operation of the pump unit based on the signals of said controller; - provide permeate supply to the consumer through an appropriate pipeline. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that - said casing of the pump unit contains means for indicating the status of the pump unit; - provide control of the indicated means of indication by means of said controller. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that in case of low pressure in the inlet pipe or high pressure in the permeate pipe, turn off said pump and shut off the water supply to the inlet of said pump by means of said electromagnetic valve. 4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that they switch said pump unit from the mode of restricting the flow of concentrate to the flushing mode of the membrane by opening the said adjustable valve, while the flushing mode is performed after each cycle of the pump. 5. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that - said pump unit further comprises means for connecting to a permeate supply pipe to a consumer; - provide the connection of the aforementioned pump unit with the permeate supply pipe to the consumer so that the permeate pipe is connected to the permeate supply pipe to the consumer and to the second pressure sensor. 6. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that - ensure that said controller receives data from a group of at least the following sensors: a flow rate sensor mounted on an inlet pipe; flow rate sensor  installed on the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; salinity sensor installed on the inlet pipe; salinity sensor installed on the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; water temperature sensor installed on the inlet pipe; - provide data from the said group of sensors by the said controller and the transmission of this data over a wireless communication channel for remote storage. 7. The method according to p. 6, characterized in that said group of sensors is installed inside said pump case housing, and said controller is provided with a wireless communication module. 8. The reverse osmosis filter system containing - a membrane having an inlet, a concentrate outlet and a permeate outlet; - a pump unit having means for connecting to a power source, means for connecting to pipelines and a housing inside which are installed: a pump, first and second water pressure sensors, a controller, an adjustable valve, an electromagnetic valve; - a group of pipelines, including at least: an inlet pipe connecting a water source to said pump unit; a pipeline to the membrane inlet connecting said pump unit to said membrane inlet; a permeate conduit connecting said membrane permeate outlet to said pump unit; a concentrate pipe connecting said membrane concentrate outlet to said pump unit, and a drainage pipe connecting said pump unit to a drain; said pump unit is connected to said pipelines so that the inlet pipe is connected to the inlet of said pump through said electromagnetic valve, the inlet pipe is also connected to said first pressure sensor, the pipe to the membrane inlet is connected to the output of said pump, the permeate pipe is connected to said second sensor pressure, and the concentrate pipeline is connected to the drainage pipeline through said adjustable valve; - the aforementioned membrane permeate outlet is connected to the permeate supply means to the consumer by means of a corresponding pipeline; - said controller is connected to said first and second pressure sensors, an adjustable valve and an electromagnetic valve, and is configured to control the operation of said pump unit. 9. The system according to p. 8, characterized in that it contains at least one prefilter installed in front of said membrane inlet. 10. The system according to p. 9, characterized in that it contains at least one post-filter installed between said output of the membrane permeate and the means for supplying permeate to the consumer. 11. The system according to p. 10, characterized in that said pre-filter, post-filter and membrane are located in a single housing in the form of a cleaning unit, said cleaning unit housing contains means for attaching said filters and a membrane and means for connecting to the following pipelines: a pipeline to the membrane inlet, permeate pipeline, concentrate pipeline, pure water supply pipeline to the consumer. 12. The system of claim. 8, characterized in that - contains a group of at least the following sensors: a flow rate sensor mounted on the inlet pipe; a flow rate sensor installed on the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; salinity sensor installed on the inlet pipe; salinity sensor installed on the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; water temperature sensor installed on the inlet pipe; - said controller is connected to said sensor group and has a wireless communication module for transmitting the received data to remote storage. 13. The reverse osmosis filter system containing - a membrane having an inlet, a concentrate outlet and a permeate outlet; - a pump unit having means for connecting to a power source, means for connecting to pipelines and a housing inside which are installed: a pump, first and second water pressure sensors, a controller, an adjustable valve, an electromagnetic valve; - a group of pipelines, including at least: an inlet pipe connecting a water source to said pump unit; a pipeline to the membrane inlet connecting said pump unit to said membrane inlet; a permeate conduit connecting said membrane permeate outlet to said pump unit; a concentrate pipe connecting said membrane concentrate outlet to said pump unit, and a drainage pipe connecting said pump unit to a drain; - said pump unit is connected to said pipelines so that the inlet pipe is connected to the inlet of said pump through said electromagnetic valve, the inlet pipe is also connected to said first pressure sensor, the pipe to the membrane inlet is connected to the output of said pump, the permeate pipe is connected to said second sensor pressure, and the concentrate pipeline is connected to the drainage pipeline through said adjustable valve; - said pump unit contains means for connecting to a permeate supply pipe to a consumer; - the system comprises a permeate supply pipe to a consumer connecting said pump unit to a permeate supply means to a consumer; - said pump unit is connected to said permeate supply pipe to a consumer so that the permeate pipe is also connected to a permeate supply pipe to a consumer; - said controller is connected to said first and second pressure sensors, an adjustable valve and an electromagnetic valve, and is configured to control the operation of said pump unit. 14. The system according to p. 13, characterized in that it contains at least one prefilter installed in front of said membrane inlet. 15. The system according to p. 14, characterized in that it contains at least one post-filter installed between the said output of the membrane permeate and the means of supplying permeate to the consumer. 16. The system according to p. 15, characterized in that the said prefilter, postfilter and membrane are located in a single housing in the form of a cleaning unit, said housing of the cleaning unit contains means for attaching said filters and a membrane and means for connecting to the following pipelines: a pipeline to the membrane inlet, permeate pipeline, concentrate pipeline. 17. The system according to p. 13, characterized in that - contains a group of at least the following sensors: a flow rate sensor mounted on the inlet pipe; a flow rate sensor installed on the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; salinity sensor installed on the inlet pipe; salinity sensor installed on the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; water temperature sensor installed on the inlet pipe; - said controller is connected to said sensor group and has a wireless communication module for transmitting the received data to remote storage. 18. The system according to p. 17, characterized in that said group of sensors is installed inside said pump case housing. 19. The pump unit of the reverse osmosis filtering system having a membrane having an inlet, a concentrate outlet and a permeate outlet, comprising: - Means of connecting to a power source, a housing inside which is installed: a pump, first and second water pressure sensors, a controller, an adjustable valve, an electromagnetic valve; - means for connecting to a group of pipelines, including at least: an inlet pipe for connecting to a water source; a pipe to the membrane inlet for connection to the membrane inlet; a permeate conduit for connecting to the membrane permeate outlet; a concentrate pipe for connecting to the outlet of the membrane concentrate, and a drainage pipe for connecting to the drain; - said pump unit is designed so that when connected to the said group of pipelines, the inlet pipe is connected to the inlet of the pump through the solenoid valve, the inlet pipe is also connected to the first pressure sensor, the pipe to the membrane inlet is connected to the output of the pump, the permeate pipe is connected to said second pressure sensor, and the concentrate pipe is connected to the drain pipe through said adjustable valve; - said controller is connected to said first and second pressure sensors, an adjustable valve and an electromagnetic valve, and is configured to control the operation of said pump unit. 20. The block according to claim 19, characterized in that it comprises means for indicating the state of the block mounted on the housing, controlled by the controller. 21. The unit according to claim 19, characterized in that said controller is configured to turn on a membrane flushing mode by opening said adjustable valve at the end of each pump on-cycle. 22. The block according to claim 19, characterized in that said controller is configured to receive data from a group of sensors, including at least: a flow rate sensor mounted on an inlet pipe; a flow rate sensor installed on the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; salinity sensor installed on the inlet pipe; salinity sensor installed on the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; water temperature sensor installed on the inlet pipe wherein said controller has a wireless module for transmitting the received data to remote storage. 23. The pump unit of the reverse osmosis filter system having a membrane having an inlet, a concentrate outlet and a permeate outlet, comprising: - means of connecting to a power source and a housing inside which are installed: a pump, first and second water pressure sensors, a controller, an adjustable valve, an electromagnetic valve; - the pump unit contains means for connecting to a group of pipelines, including at least: an inlet pipe for connecting to a water source; a pipe to the membrane inlet for connection to the membrane inlet; a permeate conduit for connecting to the membrane permeate outlet; a concentrate pipe for connecting to the outlet of the membrane concentrate and a drainage pipe for connecting to the drain; - said pump unit is designed so that when connected to the said group of pipelines, the inlet pipe is connected to the inlet of the pump through the solenoid valve, the inlet pipe is also connected to the first pressure sensor, the pipe to the membrane inlet is connected to the output of the pump, the permeate pipe is connected to said second pressure sensor, and the concentrate pipe is connected to the drain pipe through said adjustable valve; - the pump unit contains means for connecting to the permeate supply line to the consumer, intended to be connected to the permeate supply means to the consumer; - said pump unit is designed so that when connected to said pipelines, the permeate pipeline is also connected to the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; - said controller is connected to said first and second pressure sensors, an adjustable valve and an electromagnetic valve, and is configured to control the operation of said pump unit. 24. The block according to claim 23, characterized in that it comprises means for indicating the state of the block mounted on the housing and controlled by the controller. 25. The block of claim 23, wherein said controller is configured to turn on a membrane flushing mode by opening said adjustable valve at the end of each pump on-cycle. 26. The block according to claim 23, characterized in that a group of at least the following sensors is installed inside said housing: a flow velocity sensor mounted on an inlet pipe; a flow rate sensor installed on the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; salinity sensor installed on the inlet pipe; salinity sensor installed on the permeate supply pipe to the consumer; water temperature sensor installed on the inlet pipe; - said controller is configured to receive data from said group of sensors and has a wireless communication module for transmitting the received data to remote storage.

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