RU2662277C2 - Modular video-endoscopic system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical equipment.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to medical equipment, namely to the means of medical testing of splanchnic cavity or tubular organs. Endoscope’s control module contains control means, at least one control channel connected with the control means and made to transmit control actions from the control means of the endoscope’s control unit to the insertion tube of the endoscope, and connecting means made with the opportunity of detached connection of the endoscope’s control unit insertion tube of the endoscope, allowing each control channel of the endoscope’s control unit to be connected to a corresponding control channel of the endoscope’s insertion tube, the connection of the control channels is provided by means of connecting means located on circle at the distal end of the endoscope’s control unit and corresponding response elements, located on the circle at the proximal end of the insertion tube of the endoscope. Insertion part of the endoscope consists of at least one control channel of the endoscope’s insertion tube, made with the possibility of transmission of control actions from the endoscope’s control unit to control the endoscope’s insertion tube, and the connection means of the endoscope’s insertion tube, made with the possibility of detached connection of the endoscope’s control unit with insertion tube of the endoscope, allowing each control channel of the endoscope’s control unit to be connected to a corresponding control channel of the endoscope’s insertion tube, the connection of the control channels is provided by means of connecting means of endoscope’s insertion tube located on circle at the proximal end, and the corresponding connecting means of the endoscope’s control unit, located on the circle at the distal end of the endoscope’s control unit. Modular video endoscopy system contains an endoscope’s control unit, an endoscope’s insertion tube and a video information module made with possibility to be connected to the endoscope’s control unit.

EFFECT: use of the invention allows to simplify the management of video-endoscopic system.

23 cl, 16 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine and veterinary medicine and can be used for diagnostic and surgical procedures, for example, for medical examination of internal cavities or tubular organs of the body by visual inspection or inspection using photographic means.

In addition, the present invention can be used to create endoscopic and surgical instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy or for surgical purposes, as well as for creating surgical instruments using a laser in which the laser beam is directed along a flexible channel or passed through a flexible channel.

BACKGROUND

From US 9107573 known endoscope containing

handle

a flexible rod or removable part having a distal end and a proximal end,

a connecting mechanism that fastens the handle with the proximal end of the flexible rod part,

a lighting unit or light source for illuminating an area in front of the distal end of the flexible shaft portion,

an electronic video sensor, such as a CCD sensor, located at the distal end of the flexible shaft portion,

a block of images placed in a flexible rod part,

moreover, the connecting mechanism contains a channel of electrical signals for supplying power to the lighting unit and the image block and a data channel for transmitting data from the image block.

The proximal half of the flexible rod portion is thickened enough to accommodate, among other things, means (122) for controlling the position of the distal end of the flexible rod portion.

In addition, the proximal half of the flexible shaft portion also includes a valve for air and a valve for aspirating various body fluids from the inside of the working shaft.

The known endoscope has a modular design, while it provides the ability to pair optionally one flexible rod or removable part with many different handles, for example four, each of which may have its own purpose.

So, for example, the first handle may contain electronic means for controlling the image block and the lighting unit, as well as a cable for transmitting a video signal to a device for controlling a video camera.

The second handle instead of the cable may contain a battery and wireless means with a device for controlling a video camera.

The third handle may include a battery and a built-in monitor for displaying images obtained by the electronic video sensor.

The fourth handle may include USB-type connecting means for connecting an external cable to a computer.

This design also allows for individual processing, such as disinfection, handles and a flexible rod part, which simplifies and speeds up the maintenance of the endoscope.

However, the design of such an endoscope is cumbersome, the scope of the flexible part is limited. The disadvantages include the combination of a flexible rod part and the entire mechanical part of the controls, since the mechanical part of the controls, which does not come into contact with biological tissues, is also cleaned and sterilized, which involves the manufacture of the entire module from special materials that are resistant to sterilization and leads to an increase in the cost of the device as a whole. At the same time, the endoscope tube and the optical system fail most often (depressurization, tube collapse, clouding of optics) and the optical system, and failure of the mechanical part and electronics is rare. Therefore, the combination of the flexible rod part and the entire mechanical part leads to the fact that, if it is necessary to repair the tube of the endoscope and / or the optical part, two of the most expensive but rarely failing parts are sent for repair (and therefore cannot be used). endoscope (mechanical part and electronics). Also, due to the combination of the flexible rod part and the entire mechanical part, the cost of a set of these parts increases during one surgical operation with different flexible rod parts. Another disadvantage of the known endoscope is the location of the connection area of the detachable parts at the grip of the handle of the palm of the hand, which reduces the reliability of this connection due to the action of multidirectional forces in this place during the doctor’s surgical procedures.

A system for in vivo diagnostic and surgical procedures is known from WO 02055126, which is the closest analogue of the present invention.

The system comprises a device configured for insertion in vivo and comprising a disposable insertion part and an external part.

The disposable plug-in portion contains a sensor for in vivo information.

The system also includes a transmitter for transmitting this information and a receiver for receiving it.

In addition, the device in this system can be made not in the form of a video sensor, but can be used for mechanical influences for intubation or suction, for example, with gastric bleeding and gastric emptying.

The disadvantages include the impossibility of disconnecting the handle and the flexible part at any bending angle of the latter. The disadvantages of the known system include the lack of adjustment controls when using different plug-in parts.

Thus, despite the wide variety of known systems, the challenge remains to create multifunctional modular endoscopic systems for diagnostic and surgical procedures, characterized by wide versatility and ease of management.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This problem is solved thanks to the control unit of the endoscope, containing:

controls for controlling the endoscope;

control channels associated with control means and configured to transmit control actions from control means; and

connecting means configured to detachably connect the endoscope control unit to the input part of the endoscope, ensuring that each control channel of the endoscope control unit is connected to the corresponding control channel of the input part of the endoscope in the respective connection areas in such a way that under any condition of the input part of the endoscope caused by control actions, the connection area of at least one control channel of the endoscope control unit and the corresponding channel control input part of the endoscope is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the endoscope.

The specified control unit of the endoscope ensures the achievement of a technical result in the form of the ability to disconnect the input part of the endoscope from the control unit of the endoscope under any condition of the input part of the endoscope, due to control actions, which, in turn, facilitates and accelerates the work of medical personnel during the endoscopic procedure.

Preferably, the control channels comprise at least one mechanical control channel and at least one electronic control channel.

Preferably, the control channels comprise mechanical control channels, and the control means comprise a first control mechanism adapted to transmit rotation to the mechanical control channel and / or a second control mechanism configured to transmit translational movement to the mechanical control channel.

Preferably, the endoscope control unit comprises a handle, at least one end of which is a tubular part, and said at least one mechanical control channel comprises three hollow shafts concentrically located in the tubular part of the handle.

Preferably, the first control mechanism comprises a control wheel and a worm wheel arranged on one axis and intermediate gears adapted to transmit rotation from the worm wheel associated with the control wheel to a gear wheel rigidly fixed to one of the hollow shafts.

Preferably, the electronic control channel comprises at least one electrical contact group containing spring-loaded contacts fixedly located around the circumference of one of the hollow shafts at its distal end, and corresponding to an electrical contact group containing contact pads located around the circumference of the proximal portion of the inserted endoscope.

Preferably, the second control mechanism comprises a curved lever fixed in the tubular part of the handle with one of its ends, made in the form of a fork having two shoulders, a plate rigidly mounted on one of the hollow shafts and made to be inserted into the gap between the two shoulders of the fork of the curved lever moreover, the curved lever is made with the possibility of its deflection to ensure movement of the plate together with one of the hollow shafts in the axial direction, and the second control mechanism also holds a flat spring, configured to return the lever to its original position after it is deflected.

Preferably, to fix the second control mechanism in the inoperative position, the handle comprises a locking mechanism comprising a rod, a pin located on its upper end, and a handle mounted on the lower end, the shaft being made to rotate about its axis when the handle is rotated around the axis of this rod to allow entry the specified pin in the groove made on the curved lever for fixing the curved lever in the locked position and ensuring the removal of the specified pin from the groove with vodom curved lever in the release position.

Preferably, the connecting means comprise grooves arranged around the circumference of the hollow shafts at their distal end, splines and friction elements adapted to engage with corresponding protrusions, splines and friction elements located around the circumference of the inserted endoscope at its proximal end.

Preferably, the connecting means also comprise a mechanical coupling located at the distal end of the tubular part of the handle and adapted to fix the input part of the endoscope therein.

Preferably, the axis of rotation of the steering wheel extends transversely relative to the longitudinal axis of the tubular portion of the handle.

This problem is also solved thanks to the control section of the endoscope, containing the control unit of the endoscope, containing

controls for controlling the endoscope;

control channels associated with control means and configured to transmit control actions from control means; and

connecting means configured to detachably connect the endoscope control unit to the input part of the endoscope, ensuring that each control channel of the endoscope control unit is connected to the corresponding control channel of the input part of the endoscope in the respective connection areas in such a way that under any condition of the input part of the endoscope caused by control actions, the connection area of at least one control channel of the endoscope control unit and the corresponding channel control of the input part of the endoscope is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the endoscope; and

a control nozzle containing

controls for controlling the endoscope;

control channels associated with control means and configured to transmit control actions from control means;

connecting means configured to detachably connect the control nozzle to the endoscope control unit, providing connection of the control nozzle control channels to the corresponding control channels of the endoscope control unit and / or the input part of the endoscope.

Preferably, the control channels of the endoscope control unit comprise at least one mechanical control channel and at least one electronic control channel, and the control channels of the control nozzle comprise at least one electronic control channel.

Preferably, the control means of the endoscope control unit comprise a first control mechanism configured to transmit a rotation endoscope control unit to the mechanical control channel and / or a second control mechanism configured to transmit translational movement of the endoscope control unit to the mechanical control channel, and the control nozzle control means comprise buttons controls configured to control the electronic control channel.

Preferably, the endoscope control unit comprises a handle, at least one end of which is a tubular part, and the mechanical control channel of the endoscope control unit comprises three hollow shafts concentrically located in the tubular part of the handle.

Preferably, the first control mechanism comprises a control wheel and a worm wheel arranged on one axis and intermediate gears adapted to transmit rotation from the worm wheel associated with the control wheel to a gear wheel rigidly fixed to one of the hollow shafts.

Preferably, the electronic control channel of the endoscope control unit contains at least one electrical contact group, which contains spring-loaded contacts fixedly located around the circumference of one of the hollow shafts at its distal end, and which corresponds to an electric contact group containing contact pads located around the circumference of the proximal section the input part of the endoscope, and at least one electrical contact group, which contains spring-loaded contacts, not They are located on the circumference of one of the shafts at its proximal end, and the control nozzle contains contact pads located on a circle on its distal section, corresponding to the specified spring-loaded contacts, motionlessly located on the proximal end of one of the shafts.

Preferably, the second control mechanism comprises a curved lever fixed in the tubular part of the handle with a control end made in the form of a fork having two shoulders, a plate rigidly mounted on one of the hollow shafts and configured to be inserted between the two shoulders of the fork of the curved lever, moreover the curved lever is made to be deflected so that the plate moves along with one of the hollow shafts in the axial direction, and the second control mechanism also contains lives a flat spring, made with the possibility of returning the lever to its original position after its deviation.

Preferably, in order to fix the second control mechanism in the inoperative position, the handle comprises a locking mechanism comprising a rod, a pin located on its upper end and a handle mounted on the lower end, the shaft being made to rotate about its axis when the handle is rotated around the axis of this rod to allow entry the specified pin in the groove made on the curved lever, for fixing the specified curved lever in the locked position and ensuring the removal of the specified pin and groove with the translation of the curved lever in the release position.

Preferably, the connecting means comprise grooves arranged around the circumference of the hollow shafts at their distal end, splines and friction elements adapted to engage with corresponding protrusions, splines and friction elements of the inserted endoscope at its proximal end.

Preferably, slots are arranged around the circumference of one of the hollow shafts at its proximal end, adapted to engage with corresponding slots located around the circumference of the control nozzle in its distal section.

Preferably, the connecting means also comprise a mechanical coupling located at the distal end of the tubular part of the handle and adapted to fix the input part of the endoscope therein.

Preferably, the axis of rotation of the control wheel extends transversely relative to the longitudinal axis of the tubular portion of the handle.

This problem is also solved thanks to the input part of the endoscope containing

control channels configured to transmit control actions to control the input portion of the endoscope, and

connecting means configured to detachably connect the input part of the endoscope to the control unit of the endoscope so that each control channel of the input part of the endoscope is connected to the corresponding control channel of the control unit of the endoscope in the respective connection areas in such a way that under any condition of the input part of the endoscope due to control actions, the connection area of at least one control channel of the input part of the endoscope and the corresponding control channel the end of the control unit of the endoscope is transverse with respect to the longitudinal axis of the endoscope.

Preferably, the connecting means and control channels are located in one tubular body, the connecting means containing friction elements located around the circumference of the proximal portion of the tubular body and corresponding to friction elements located at the distal end of the endoscope control unit.

Preferably, the connecting means also include fasteners located on the distal portion of the tubular body and configured to fix the input portion on the endoscope control unit.

This problem is also solved thanks to a modular video endoscopic system containing

the proposed control unit of the endoscope, the proposed input part of the endoscope,

a control nozzle made with the possibility of detachable connection with the proximal part of the control unit of the endoscope, and

a video information module configured to connect to an endoscope control unit.

This problem is also solved thanks to the input part of the endoscope containing

connecting means made with the possibility of detachable connection of the input part of the endoscope with the control unit of the endoscope,

flexible stretch, and

a control channel configured to transmit control actions to bend a flexible portion in which the control channel comprises a gearbox.

The specified endoscope input part ensures the achievement of a technical result in the form of increasing the versatility of the endoscope control unit with the drive of the corresponding multifunctional modular endoscopic system, since the same drive can be used with a relatively high-speed tool or with a relatively low-speed tool (in the latter case, with a gearbox ) The specified input part also provides improved control accuracy of the input part.

Preferably, the connecting means and control channels are located in one tubular body, the connecting means containing friction elements located around the circumference of the proximal portion of the tubular body and corresponding to friction elements located at the distal end of the endoscope control unit.

Preferably, the connecting means also include fasteners located on the distal portion of the tubular body and configured to fix the input portion on the endoscope control unit.

Preferably, the control channel comprises at least two rods, a drum, a fixed disk having two symmetrical holes configured to pass two rods through them and direct the two rods to the drum, and a hollow shaft configured to transmit rotation to the gearbox, one end of the two rods is fixed on the distal end of the flexible section, and their other ends are fixed on the drum, and the specified drum is made with the possibility of winding one rod and winding the second rod when it is rotated AI said reducer.

Preferably, the gearbox comprises an input gear, an output gear with internal gearing, an arcuate notch in the disk, and an intermediate gear configured to transmit rotation from the input gear to the output gear, the axis on which the intermediate gear is mounted through the neckline.

Preferably, a rigid portion is located between the flexible portion and the body.

This problem is also solved thanks to a modular video endoscopic system containing

endoscope control unit,

the proposed input endoscope, and

a video information module configured to connect to an endoscope control unit.

This problem is also solved thanks to a modular video endoscopic system containing

endoscope control unit,

a control nozzle made with the possibility of detachable connection with the proximal part of the endoscope control unit,

the proposed input endoscope, and

a video information module configured to connect to an endoscope control unit.

Preferably, the endoscope control unit comprises an electronic unit configured to connect to the video information module via cable.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The description of the present invention is accompanied by the relevant drawings, in which:

in FIG. 1 is a side view of a multifunctional modular video endoscopic system according to one embodiment of the invention;

in FIG. 2 is a side view of an endoscope control unit according to one embodiment of the invention;

in FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an electromechanical connector of an endoscope control unit according to one embodiment of the invention;

in FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a first control mechanism for controlling the bending angles of a flexible portion of an input portion of an endoscope according to one embodiment of the invention;

in FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a second control mechanism for controlling linear movements of a surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the invention;

in FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an arrangement of hollow shafts according to one embodiment of the invention;

in FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a proximal contact group of an electromechanical connector according to one embodiment of the invention;

in FIG. 8 is a side view of an inserted portion of an endoscope according to an embodiment of the invention;

in FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a video sensor located in the head of the input portion of the endoscope, according to one embodiment;

in FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a linear movement mechanism of an input portion of an endoscope according to one embodiment of the invention;

in FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a mechanism for moving control rods of an input portion of an endoscope according to one embodiment of the invention;

in FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a surgical instrument control mechanism according to one embodiment of the invention;

in FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a control nozzle with an electric motor according to one embodiment of the invention;

in FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a video endoscopic system according to one embodiment of the invention;

in FIG. 15 is a perspective view of an input portion of an endoscope according to one embodiment of the invention when connected to an endoscope control unit;

in FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a gearbox according to one embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In one embodiment of the invention, the endoscope comprises an endoscope control unit 1 and an endoscope input portion 2. In yet another embodiment, the endoscope also includes a removable control nozzle 3, made with the possibility of detachable connection with the control unit of the endoscope. If necessary, the endoscope may contain a set of removable control nozzles 3. In another embodiment of the invention, the endoscope is made in the form of a multifunctional modular video endoscopic system.

In one embodiment of the invention, a multifunctional modular video endoscopic system (Fig. 1) comprises:

the endoscope control unit 1, made in the form of a handle, the distal end of which is a tubular part,

a set of removable input parts 2 of the endoscope, one of which, when the video endoscopic system is in operation, is located in the distal part of the tubular part of the endoscope control unit 1,

a set of removable control nozzles 3, one of which during operation of the video endoscopic system is connected to the proximal part of the tubular part of the endoscope control unit 1, and

a video information module 4 having an electrical connection with the endoscope control unit 1.

The endoscope control unit 1 in other embodiments may have a different design, ensuring the performance of its functions. If necessary, it can be equipped with a handle. The endoscope control unit 1 (Fig. 2) contains a plastic hollow pistol grip and has a metal, for example titanium, body containing a tubular part integrated with the upper part of the pistol grip.

The tubular part of the housing is combined with a metal supporting frame that repeats the contours of the pistol grip, while the pistol grip is mechanically connected to the supporting frame.

In one embodiment of the invention, the endoscope control unit 1 is made of metal, for example titanium, and comprises a tubular part integrated with the upper part of the pistol grip and the lower part of the pistol grip.

The endoscope control unit 1 also contains:

mechanical clutch 5,

electromechanical device 6 pairing,

the first control mechanism 7,

the second control mechanism 8,

electronic unit 9, and

a locking mechanism 10 for fixing the second control mechanism 8 in the inoperative (locked) position.

An endoscope control unit 1, according to one embodiment, for performing operations such as, for example, laparoscopy, bronchoscopy, otoscopy, thoracoscopy, laryngostroboscopy, is used in the absence of a control nozzle 3 to control the input part of the endoscope containing at least connecting means made with the possibility of detachable connection of the input part 2 of the endoscope with the endoscope control unit 1, a flexible section and control channels configured to transmit control actions minutes for bending the flexible portion. Control channels can be mechanical and / or electronic.

In yet another embodiment, the endoscope control unit 1 is used in conjunction with the control nozzle 3, forming together with it the control section of the endoscope. In this embodiment, the control nozzle 3 comprises: control means for controlling the endoscope; control channels associated with control means and configured to transmit control actions from control means; connecting means configured to detachably connect the control nozzle 3 to the endoscope control unit 1 to provide control channels of the control nozzle 3 to the corresponding control channels of the endoscope control unit 1 and / or the input part 2 of the endoscope.

A mechanical clutch 5 is placed on the distal end of the tubular part of the endoscope control unit 1 for fixing the input part 2 of the endoscope in it (Fig. 8),

The electromechanical interface device 6 (Fig. 2) is intended for mechanical and electrical connection of the input part 2 of the endoscope and the control nozzle 3 (Fig. 1) with the first control mechanism 7 for controlling angular parameters, and with a second control mechanism 8 for controlling linear parameters (Fig . 2).

The electromechanical conjugation device 6 is designed in such a way that, for any condition of the input part of the endoscope due to control actions, the connection area of at least one control channel of the endoscope control unit and the corresponding control channel of the input part of the endoscope is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the endoscope.

In addition, the electromechanical device 6 interface is designed for mechanical and electrical connection of the input part 2 of the endoscope and the control nozzle 3 with the video information module 4.

An electromechanical interface device 6 (Fig. 2) is placed and fixedly mounted in the tubular part of the endoscope control unit 1, preferably coaxially with its tubular part, and contains concentrically arranged hollow shafts 28, 220, 230 and electrical contact groups 15, 17, which are counterparts for used during operation of the input part 2 of the endoscope and the control nozzle 3. The concentrically arranged hollow shafts 28, 220, 230 form a mechanical control channel, and the electrical contact groups 15, 17 are part of the electric onnyh control channels. Concentrically located hollow shafts 28, 220, 230 are arranged to rotate and / or move in the axial direction. The use of hollow shafts as mechanical channels ensures that for any condition of the input part of the endoscope due to control actions, the connection area of at least one control channel of the endoscope control unit and the corresponding control channel of the input part of the endoscope remains transverse with respect to the longitudinal axis of the endoscope. The electrical contact group 15 is located on the distal part of the electromechanical coupler 6, namely in the region of the distal end of the hollow shaft 230. The electrical contact group 17 is located on the proximal part of the electromechanical coupler 6, namely in the region of the proximal end of the hollow shaft 220.

Control means for controlling the endoscope, for example, for transmitting rotation control to the mechanical control channel and / or for transmitting translational motion to the mechanical control channel, comprise a first control mechanism 7 and a second control mechanism 8.

The first control mechanism 7 is configured to transmit rotation to the mechanical control channel and serves to control angular parameters, such as the bending angle of the flexible portion 32 (Fig. 8) of the input part 2 of the endoscope.

In addition, the first control mechanism 7 serves to control electronic devices, such as, for example, drivers for LEDs for lighting the head 31, electric motors or high-frequency electrosurgical devices, by changing such power characteristics as, for example, current, frequency, pulse duty cycle, during their implementation power supply via video information module 4 or electronic unit 9.

The first control mechanism 7 contains (Fig. 4): a control wheel 18, with which the user, in particular, controls the bending of the flexible section 32 of the input part 2 of the endoscope,

a worm wheel 23 located on the same axis as the control wheel 18, and

a system of 21 intermediate gears configured to transmit rotation from the worm gear 23 connected to the control wheel 18 to the gear wheel 22, rigidly fixed to the hollow shaft 230 of the electromechanical coupler 6.

In one embodiment, the system of 21 intermediate gears comprises two gears.

The control wheel 18 is located in the upper part of the endoscope control unit 1 so that the control wheel 18 is convenient to control the fingers of the hand holding the endoscope control unit 1, made in the form of a pistol grip.

The axis of rotation of the control wheel 18 extends transversely relative to the longitudinal axis of the electromechanical coupler 6.

A transparent or translucent body is placed inside the control wheel 18, for example, an optical acrylic cylinder that transmits light from a source located inside the axis of the control wheel 18.

The absolute encoder 19 and the line of light detectors 20 are located on the lower part of the control steering wheel 18.

The first control mechanism 7 is two-channel, because it provides the transfer of control actions to the mechanical control channel and electronic control channel.

The mechanical control channel used with the first control mechanism 7 is formed by a control wheel 18, a worm wheel 23 and a system of 21 intermediate gears.

In one embodiment, the rotation of the control wheel 18 changes the intensity of the light emitted by the light source, such as an LED, or controls the suction.

Data on the absolute position of the control wheel 18 is continuously supplied to the video information module 4.

When the control wheel 18 is rotated, the torque through the worm wheel 23 is transmitted to the system of intermediate gears 21.

The use of a worm gear prevents the transmission of torque from the flexible portion 32 of the input part 2 of the endoscope to the control wheel 18, i.e. the force exerted on the flexible portion 32 located inside the patient’s body during operation of the video endoscopic system will not lead to unwanted rotation of the control wheel 18 and will not prevent the doctor from performing the necessary manipulations.

Thanks to this technical solution, the flexible portion 32 of the input part 2 of the endoscope can be made of an elastic material, for example silicone, in contrast to the package of metal plates or metal elements that are often used nowadays.

The system of the intermediate gears 21 (Fig. 4) transmits the torque to the gear wheel 22 of the electromechanical coupling device 6, rigidly fixed to the hollow shaft 230. Next, the hollow shaft 230 through the friction elements 13 located around the circumference at its distal end, transmits the rotation to the corresponding friction elements (not shown) of the proximal electromechanical connector (not shown) of the input part 2 of the endoscope. In this embodiment, the interaction region of the friction elements 13 of the hollow shaft 230 and the friction elements of the proximal electromechanical connector of the input part of the endoscope 2 forms the connection region of the control channel of the control unit of the endoscope and the corresponding control channel of the input part of the endoscope, which is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the endoscope in any state parts of the endoscope due to control actions. This, in particular, is ensured by the fact that when using a hollow shaft as a control channel of a control unit transmitting rotation through an electromechanical connector to the corresponding control channels of the input part, as described above, the orientation of the indicated connection region with respect to the axis of the endoscope remains unchanged in any state input part caused by control actions. In other embodiments, it is possible to use other connecting means and / or connection methods, providing such a constant orientation. Such connecting means and / or connection methods, if necessary, can be used with all other embodiments of the present invention.

The electronic control channel comprises at least one electrical contact group 15 containing spring-loaded contacts fixedly arranged around the circumference of one of the hollow shafts 230 at its distal end and corresponding to that shown in FIG. 8 electrical contact group 35 of the proximal electromechanical connector (not shown) containing contact pads located around the circumference of the proximal portion of the input part of the endoscope.

The electronic control channel used in the first control mechanism 7 is formed by a control wheel 18, an absolute encoder 19 and light receivers 20.

When the control wheel 18 is rotated simultaneously with it, the absolute encoder 19 changes its angular position, due to which the illumination of the light receivers 20 changes depending on the angle of rotation of the control wheel 18.

The signal from the light receivers 20 enters the electronic unit 9, where this signal is converted into an indicator of the absolute angle of rotation of the control wheel 18, which is then transmitted, if necessary, to the video information module 4.

In one embodiment, the video information module 4, depending on the angle of rotation of the control wheel 18, can change the power characteristics of the attached devices, such as a surgical suction. In addition, the electronic unit 9 itself can change the power characteristics of connected devices, for example, LEDs for lighting the input part 2 of the endoscope.

Encoder 19 may use, among other things, Gray codes.

When attaching the input part 2 of the endoscope to the endoscope control unit 1, the position of the control wheel 18 is stored in the electronic unit 9 of the endoscope control unit 1. When changing the position of the control wheel 18, data on its position is sent to the electronic unit 9, where they are decoded, for example, from Gray codes into a binary code. Further, data on the position of the control wheel 18 from the electronic unit 9 is continuously supplied to the video information module 4. The electronic unit 9 determines the type of input part 2 and transmits this data to the video information module 4. The electronic unit 9 or video information module 4 generates a corresponding control signal in the required control channel . For example, if the electronic unit 9 determined the input part 2 as a laryngostroboscope, then when the control wheel 18 is turned, the repetition rate of light pulses from the LEDs at the distal end of the flexible section 32 can change. In the case when the video information module 4 received information from the electronic unit 9 that it is used shaver nozzle, when turning the control wheel 18, voltage control can be implemented on the electric motor of the control nozzle 3 or surgical aspirator. The control algorithms can be promptly changed by a doctor from the program menu of the video information module 4 or determined by the electronic unit 9 depending on the type of input part 2 of the endoscope.

The second control mechanism 8, located in the endoscope control unit 1, serves to control linear parameters, in particular to control the position, for example, the needle, loop, electrode or the opening angle of the working part of the surgical instrument, which is placed, if necessary, at the distal end of the input part 2 of the endoscope.

The second control mechanism 8 comprises a curved lever 27 (FIG. 5), a flat spring 26, a plate 25 and a hollow shaft 28 mounted concentrically with respect to it inside the hollow shaft 230.

Curved lever 27 has a control end and a controlled end.

The control end of the lever 27 is fixed in the electromechanical device 6 mates. The control end of the curved lever 27 is preferably made in the form of a fork having two shoulders.

A plate 25 is inserted between the two arms and is movable, two small pins protrude from the surface of the pin so that these pins are located on both sides of the control end of the curved arm 27, i.e. cover it. The pins serve as stops for the control end of the curved lever 27.

When the curved lever 27 is deflected transversely to its longitudinal axis, the plate 25 and the hollow shaft 28 rigidly connected to it move axially along the longitudinal axis of the electromechanical interface device 6.

The hollow shaft 28 through cutouts 14 made at its distal end, transmits axial movement to the input part 2 of the endoscope.

The flat spring 26 compresses the working arm of the curved arm 27 in the distal direction and ensures that the curved arm 27 is moved to the extreme distal (released) position so that the user does not have to make efforts to bring the surgical instrument to its original position, i.e. open position.

The locking mechanism 10 for fixing the second control mechanism 8 serves to fix the curved lever 27 in the idle position, when the use of the curved lever 27 is not necessary.

The locking mechanism 10 comprises a shaft 200, at the upper end of which, as shown in FIG. 5, a pin 202 is formed, and a handle 201 is mounted on the lower end of the shaft 200.

The rod 200 is made to rotate around its longitudinal axis, in particular by turning the handle 201 around the longitudinal axis of the rod 200.

In one embodiment of the invention, when the shaft 200 is rotated by the handle 201 counterclockwise, when looking at the shaft 200 from the side of the handle 201, the pin 202 enters the return groove on the curved lever 27 and fixes the curved lever 27 in the locked position, in which the end of the curved lever 27 is pressed against the handle of the endoscope control unit 1.

When the rod 200 is rotated by the handle 201 in a clockwise direction, when looking at the rod 200 from the side of the handle 201, for example, by 90 °, the pin 202 comes out of the return groove on the curved lever 27, and the curved lever 27 deviates under the action of the flat spring 26, after which the controlled end of the curved lever 27 is in the released position, i.e. is at a distance from the handle of the endoscope control unit 1.

The electronic unit 9 is made in the form of an electronic board for accommodating electronic components. To the electronic unit 9 there is a signal from the electrical contact group 15, the electrical contact group 17 and the absolute encoder of the control wheel 18.

The electronic unit 9 is connected to the video information module 4 via a cable 11. In one embodiment, an NFC controller is installed in the electronic unit 9, by which the electronic unit 9 determines the type of input part 2 of the endoscope.

The control channels of the control nozzle 3, containing the electronic control channel and the mechanical control channel, are connected with the control means and are configured to transmit control actions from the control means. In various embodiments, these control actions are transmitted to the control channels of the endoscope control unit 1 and / or the control channels of the input part 2 of the endoscope through the control channels of the endoscope control unit 1. The control means comprise control buttons configured to control the electronic control channel of the control nozzle 3.

The control actions can come from the control buttons of the control nozzle 3, from the control wheel 18 or from the video information module 4. The control object can be lighting LEDs at the distal end of the flexible section 32, the engine in the control nozzle 3, or an external device, such as a vacuum extractor.

The user controls the input part 2 of the endoscope using control means, namely mechanical controls, such as the control wheel 18 of the first control mechanism 7, the curved lever 27 of the second control mechanism 8 and electrical controls, such as control buttons located on the control nozzle 3 connected to the electromechanical device 6 interfaces.

To transmit the input part 2 of the endoscope of the mechanical control signals, the electromechanical coupler 6 comprises a hollow shaft 230 and a hollow shaft 28 concentrically located in the hollow shaft 230 (FIG. 6).

The hollow shaft 230 is involved in controlling the bending of the flexible portion 32 of the input part 2 of the endoscope through the first control mechanism 7.

The hollow shaft 230 is made to rotate from the control wheel 18 and has at its distal end connecting elements, preferably friction elements 13.

The hollow shaft 28 is involved in controlling the linear parameters of the input part 2 of the endoscope through the second control mechanism 8.

The hollow shaft 28 is made with the possibility of movement in the axial direction during movement of the curved lever 27 and has cutouts 14 at its distal end.

To transmit the input part 2 of the endoscope of the torque from the electric motor in the electromechanical device 6 there is a hollow shaft 220, which is preferably covered by a control nozzle 3.

Hollow shaft 220 contains splines 12 and 16, located respectively at its distal and proximal ends.

Slots 12, friction elements 13, cutouts 14, and the electrical contact group 15 of the distal part of the electromechanical coupler 6 form connecting means, or a mating part, for the proximal electromechanical connector of the input part 2 of the endoscope. Depending on the task performed by the introduced part 2 of the endoscope, the proximal electromechanical connector contains corresponding slots, friction elements or protrusions for controlling the mechanical control channel and an electrical contact group 35 for controlling via the electronic control channel.

Depicted in FIG. 7, the slots 16 and the electrical contact group 17 of the proximal part of the electromechanical coupler 6 form the connecting means, or the counterpart, for the distal connector of the control nozzle 3. The counterpart of the distal connector of the control nozzle 3 contains corresponding slots and an electrical contact group.

The endoscope insertion part 2, which is shown in FIG. 8 and which can be used as part of the multifunctional modular video endoscopic system disclosed above, and only with the endoscope control unit 1, is made in the form of a composite body and contains a head 31, a flexible section 32, fasteners 33 and a proximal electromechanical connector (not shown).

The head 31 of the input part 2 of the endoscope is placed on its distal end and is fixedly mounted on the flexible section 32.

The electromechanical contact part is made in the form of a tubular body 34, which contains the mechanical and electronic control channels necessary to control the bending of the flexible section 32 and / or the angular position of the active element of the head 31. In this case, controlling the bending of the flexible section leads to a change in the state of the input part, for example, transition from a direct state to a curved state. In other embodiments, control actions transmitted through control channels translate the input part between other states, the form of which is determined by the particular application.

A flexible portion 32 of the input portion 2 of the endoscope connects the head 31 to the tubular body 34.

In one of the embodiments of the invention, the active element of the head 31 is a video module 37 (Fig. 9), located in the head 31.

In another embodiment, the active element of the head 31 is a surgical instrument located at the distal end of the head 31.

In one embodiment of the invention, the flexible portion 32 is cylindrical and continuous, i.e. without cavities, and the input part 2 of the endoscope also contains a rigid part located between the flexible portion 32 and the tubular body 34. In another embodiment, the flexible portion 32 may be replaced by a rigid portion.

The mechanisms housed in the tubular body 34 provide the ability to reposition the surgical instrument during a surgical or diagnostic procedure. These mechanisms are described in more detail below.

The electromechanical contact part of the input part is a mate for the distal end of the electromechanical interface device 6 and provides the connection of the electronic and mechanical control channels of the endoscope control unit 1 with the corresponding electronic and mechanical control channels of the input part 2. The connection area of the electronic and mechanical control channels of the control unit 1 endoscope with the corresponding electronic and mechanical control channels of the input part 2 is transverse in relative to the longitudinal axis of the endoscope in any condition of the input part of the endoscope, due to control actions. In more detail, the means of connecting the electronic and mechanical control channels of the endoscope control unit 1 with the corresponding electronic and mechanical control channels of the input part 2 are described below.

The fastening elements 33 are used for stationary fixing (fixing) of the input part 2 of the endoscope in the endoscope control unit 1.

The fastening elements 33 are made with the possibility of fixing on the mechanical coupling 5 and are fixedly connected to the tubular body 34.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the fasteners 33 comprise cutouts that include the teeth of the mechanical coupling 5.

The video module 37 contains a video sensor and lighting elements, such as LEDs.

However, in other embodiments, the head 31 of the video endoscopic part may contain only an optical system and lighting elements, for example for diaphanoscopy.

In one embodiment, the head 31 and the flexible portion 32 are integral with the tubular body 34.

Various combinations of heads 31 can be implemented, differing in controllability of video module 37 (controlled, uncontrolled), and various combinations of types of flexible section 32, differing in controllability of the distal end of flexible section 32 and in the type of section itself (rigid, flexible).

To control the axial movement when the steering wheel 18 is rotated, a screw-nut mechanism (Fig. 10) is placed in the tubular body 34, which comprises a hollow shaft 50, a gearbox 51, a screw member 52, a running member 53 and a stationary washer 54.

The hollow shaft 50 is configured to transmit torque from the control unit 1 to the gearbox 51 by connecting the connecting means, in particular the friction elements 13 located around the circumference at the distal end of the hollow shaft 230, with the friction elements located around the circumference on the proximal electromechanical connector.

In this embodiment, the interaction region of the friction elements 13 of the hollow shaft 230 and the friction elements of the proximal electromechanical connector of the input part of the endoscope 2 forms the connection region of the control channel of the control unit of the endoscope and the corresponding control channel of the input part of the endoscope, which is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the endoscope in any state parts of the endoscope due to control actions.

The reducer 51 (Fig. 16) provides the necessary control sensitivity and determines the direction of rotation of the screw element 52 (clockwise or counterclockwise when the wheel 18 is rotated clockwise).

In one embodiment, the gearbox comprises an input shaft adapted to be connected to the hollow shaft 50. The input shaft drives a gear wheel 100, which transmits rotation to the intermediate gears 101 and 103, mounted on one axis. The axis is mounted on a fixed distal wall (not shown) of the gearbox. The intermediate gears 101 and 103 transmit rotation to the screw element 52 by means of an internal gearing gear 102 connected to the screw element 52. An arcuate cut 104 is made in the gear wheel 102, through which the axis of the intermediate gears 101 and 103 passes. The size of this cut determines gear rotation range 102.

In one embodiment, the gearbox comprises one intermediate gear.

The screw element 52 is placed parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tubular body 34 and the proximal end is mechanically connected with the output shaft of the gearbox 51. The distal end of the screw element is fixed in a fixed washer 54. In this fixed washer 54, slots are made - guides along which the running element 53 can move axially thread direction.

At the distal end, the running element 53 is connected to a rigid rod 55. At the proximal end of the running element is attached a cylindrical body (nut) with a thread inside, which forms a helical gear with the screw element 52, which ensures the movement of the running element 53 with a rigid rod 55.

The movement of the rigid rod 55 in the axial direction is further converted into a movement of the working parts of the surgical instrument, for example, a change in size and movement of the loop for polypectomy.

Due to the cutout 104, the gear wheel 102 can only be rotated by a predetermined angle, as a result of which the movement of the surgical instrument is limited and thus the breakage of the instrument that can occur when the working parts of this surgical instrument are unlimitedly moved.

To control the bending of the flexible section 32 when turning the control wheel 18 in the input part 2, there is a mechanism for controlling the bending of the flexible section 32 (Fig. 11), which consists of a hollow shaft 50, a gearbox 51, a drum 62, a fixed disk 63 and two rods 60.

The hollow shaft is made with the possibility of transmitting torque from the control unit 1 to the gear 51 by connecting connecting means, in particular friction elements 13 located around the circumference of the hollow shaft 230 on the distal part of the electromechanical coupling device 6, with corresponding friction elements located around the circumference at the proximal electromechanical connector.

In this embodiment, the interaction region of the friction elements 13 of the hollow shaft 230 and the friction elements of the proximal electromechanical connector of the input part of the endoscope 2 forms the connection region of the control channel of the control unit of the endoscope and the corresponding control channel of the input part of the endoscope, which is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the endoscope in any state parts of the endoscope due to control actions.

The gear 51 provides the necessary control sensitivity and determines the direction of bending of the flexible section 32 (left or right when the wheel 18 is rotated clockwise).

The drum 62 is made to rotate around its axis, parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tubular body 34. The drum 62 is mechanically connected with the output shaft of the gearbox 51.

The fixed disk 63 has two symmetrical holes through which two rods 60 pass.

In FIG. 16 shows a gearbox according to one embodiment, which comprises an input shaft adapted to be connected to the hollow shaft 50. The input shaft drives the gear wheel 100, which transmits rotation to the intermediate gears 101 and 103, mounted on the same axis. The axis is mounted on a fixed distal wall (not shown) of the gearbox. The intermediate gears 101 and 103 transmit the rotation to the drum 62 by means of an internal gearing 102 connected to the drum 62 by an output shaft. An arcuate notch 104 is made in the gear wheel 102 through which the axis of the intermediate gears 101 passes. The size of this cut-out determines the rotation range of the gear wheel 102.

One end of the two rods is fixed at the distal end of the flexible portion. The other ends of the two rods 60 are fixed at the upper point of the drum 62 in such a way that when the flexible section is bent at 0 degrees (flexible straight section), both rods are the same length and the anchor point of the rods on the drum 62 is in the upper position. When the control wheel 18 is rotated, the torque through the distal connector of the electromechanical coupling device 6, the proximal connector of the tubular body 34 and the gear 51 is transmitted to the drum 62. When the drum 62 is rotated, one of the rods, depending on the direction of rotation, is wound on its surface, the other is wound as a result of which the flexible portion 32 is bent.

The radius of the drum 62 and the maximum angle α of its rotation are calculated such that the change in the length of the rods 60 leads to the maximum required bending of the flexible section 32.

Similar to the nozzle with a surgical instrument, cutout 104 also limits the rotation of the gear wheel 102, as a result of which the movement of the two rods is limited and thus the breakage of the flexible portion 32, which can occur with the unlimited movement of these two rods, is excluded.

In one possible implementation of the embodiment of FIG. 12, which contains a one-piece rigid section and a tubular body 34, a surgical instrument is placed at the distal end of the head 31, controlled by the axial movement of the hollow shaft 28 when exposed to the second control mechanism 8, using the surgical instrument control mechanism, which consists of

a rod 55 located at the distal end of the surgical instrument control mechanism and configured to transmit axial movement to the distal end of the head 31,

the unlocking mechanism of the connector, which consists of a spring 66, ensuring that the unlocking mechanism is in the initial (closed) position,

a cylindrical element 67 configured to rotate along its longitudinal axis,

levers 68 mounted on the cylindrical element 67,

protrusions (teeth) 71, symmetrically and motionlessly mounted on the cylindrical element 67,

a cylindrical stationary body 72 with longitudinal grooves, relative to which the cylindrical element 67 rotates,

a latch connecting the movable hollow shaft 28 and the rod 55 and consisting of two symmetrical elements (teeth of the latch) 70, made with the possibility of entering with a closed connector in the cutouts 14 of the distal end of the hollow shaft 28,

two symmetrical spring-loaded plates 69, at one end of each of which symmetrical elements (latch teeth) 70 are placed, and the second end is rigidly fixed with a rod 55.

When connecting the tubular body 34 to the distal end of the electromechanical coupler 6 (Fig. 12), the teeth of the latch 70 are aligned with the cutouts 14 at the end of the hollow shaft 28 at the moment when it is maximally shifted in the distal direction by bringing the curved lever 27 to the released position.

After that, the teeth of the mechanical coupling 5 are inserted into the cutouts of the fasteners 33 with the input part 2 of the endoscope fixed on the endoscope control unit 1.

In this embodiment, the area of interaction of the teeth of the latch 70 and the cutouts 14 at the end of the hollow shaft 28 forms the connection area of the control channel of the endoscope control unit and the corresponding control channel of the input part of the endoscope, which is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the endoscope for any state of the input part of the endoscope, due to control impacts.

Further, when the doctor acts on the curved lever 27, the hollow shaft 28 makes reciprocating movements, which are transmitted through plates 69 moving in the longitudinal grooves of the cylindrical stationary body 72 and the cylindrical element 67 to the rod 55.

When removing the tubular body 34, the rotational movement of the coupling 5 through the levers 68 is transmitted to the cylindrical element 67. The protrusions 71, when the cylindrical element 67 rotates, fall under the plates 69, raising them to a height sufficient for the teeth of the latch 70 to exit the cutouts 14 of the hollow shaft 28.

In one implementation, the control nozzle 3 for the shaver consists of a shaft with splines 82 (Fig. 13), which are counterparts to the splines 16 of the proximal connector of the electromechanical coupler 6, the separator 83, designed to separate the removed biological material from the internal cavity of the hollow shaft 220, which then through a tube 85 is output to an external device for collecting and transmitting torque to the shaft, control buttons 76 and electronic control components 84 in the form of microcircuits, electrical contact group 78, yuscheysya mate to the proximal electrical contact group 17, the electromechanical coupling devices 6 and the arrangement of the segments on the spring-loaded contacts circle type pogo pin, the reducer 86, designed to obtain the desired characteristics, such as the tool rotation speed at the distal end of the head 31, the electric motor 87.

The electronic component board 84 is connected to the control buttons 76 and the contact group 78.

In one embodiment, the main elements of the video information system (Fig. 14) are: a video module 37, which generates an electric signal, a light source 88, an additional signal converter of the video module - interface converter 89, located in the tubular body 34 of the input part of the endoscope,

an electrical distal connector formed by electrical contact groups 35 and 15,

electromechanical device 6,

an electrical proximal connector formed by electrical contact groups 17 and 78 to which control buttons 76 are connected and, for some implementations, actuators, for example an electric motor, bus switches 91.

The signal from the video module, if necessary, is subjected to preliminary processing in the converter 89 of the interface. The interface converter 89 provides interfacing with the electronic unit 9. This step is not necessary and its need is determined by the capabilities of the electronic unit 9 to process input signals of various formats. Further, through the connector formed by the electrical contact groups 35 and 15, the signal enters the bus switches 91. The need for them is due to the fact that the input part 2 of the endoscope is installed in the endoscope control unit 1 with four fixed rotation angles around its longitudinal axis. This allows the doctor to choose the viewing direction of the endoscope in accordance with the location of the study area, without having to adjust the position of the endoscope control unit 1 in space. For example, for an endoscope with a forward-side view, installation options for the input part 2 of the endoscope can be selected for viewing up, down, left or right. In addition, for endoscopes with flexible controllable distal ends, installation options with a bend in the vertical or horizontal plane can be selected. Indication of the selected installation angle of the input part 2 of the endoscope is carried out by selecting four contacts in the electrical contact group 15 and one in the electrical contact group 35 (Fig. 15). The contact in the electrical contact group 35 generates a signal, depending on the rotation (shown by a circular arrow) of the input part 2 of the endoscope, when installed, this signal is applied to contact A, B, C or D of the electrical contact group 15. Further, signal 90 (shown by an arrow) contact A, B, C or D (for example, in Fig. 15 - from contact A) is supplied to the corresponding bus switch 91, which performs the necessary switching between the data bus of the input part 2 of the endoscope and the electronic unit 9 of the handle of the endoscope control unit 1.

The electronic unit 9 of the handle of the endoscope control unit 1 converts the video signal into a standard output format. For example, a signal from a video sensor in parallel DVP format or serial MIPI CSI can be converted to a USB 3.0 serial output signal.

In addition, the electronic unit 9 of the handle of the endoscope control unit 1 receives data from the absolute encoder of the control wheel 18, data on the type of input part 2 of the endoscope and the position of the control buttons 76 of the control nozzle 3. These data are transmitted to the central video information module 4 to select a video information processing algorithm and formation of appropriate management.

Central video information module 4 is intended for processing, storage and display of information. The video information module 4 can be described as a combination of 5 blocks, such as a display unit 56, a local data storage unit 57, an external information system interface unit 58, a primary data processing unit 59 and a user control and interface unit 61. Further, the signal from the video information module 4 goes to external controlled devices 80 (high-frequency surgical device, vacuum extractor) and / or from them to the video information module 4.

The display unit outputs a video signal, for example in HDMI format, to a monitor. The number of monitors can be from one to several, for example, one for the doctor, and the second for the patient.

The local data storage unit outputs the entire endoscopic video session or individual photos to external storage devices, such as flash memory or hard disk. Typically, these data are overwritten and / or erased before a new examination.

In medicine, the generally accepted format for storing the results of endoscopy, tomography, ultrasound and other examinations is DICOM. Special software that stores the specified results on remote servers and allows you to read and / or write medical data in this format is called DICOM Client or DICOM Server. In the unit for interfacing with external information systems, the DICOM Client is implemented.

The primary data processing unit provides additional processing (filtering, compression, spectral transformations) of the video signal.

Using this unit, for example, you can change the contrast or select a specific part of the spectrum in the input signal or synthesize a video image from some sections, for example, intensify the red color in which the capillary network is better visible.

Using the control unit and the user interface, the user makes settings for the image on the monitor, such as white level, brightness, contrast, etc., using the touch screen and / or buttons / control knobs. Further, this signal goes to the primary data processing unit.

In the present description, the invention is described by way of example implementations, which should not be construed as limiting. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes and modifications are possible that are within the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the following formula.

Claims (37)

1. The control unit of the endoscope, containing: controls for controlling the endoscope; at least one control channel associated with the control means and configured to transmit control actions from the control means of the endoscope control unit to the input part of the endoscope; and connecting means, made with the possibility of detachable connection of the control unit of the endoscope with the input part of the endoscope with the provision of connecting each control channel of the control unit of the endoscope with the corresponding control channel of the input part of the endoscope, moreover, said connection of control channels is provided by means of said connecting means arranged circumferentially at the distal end of the endoscope control unit, and corresponding response elements located circumferentially at the proximal end of the input part of the endoscope. 2. The endoscope control unit according to claim 1, wherein said at least one control channel comprises at least one mechanical control channel and at least one electronic control channel. 3. The control unit of the endoscope according to claim 1, wherein said at least one control channel comprises a mechanical control channel, and the control means comprise a first control mechanism configured to transmit rotation to the mechanical control channel, and / or a second control mechanism made with the possibility of transmitting to the mechanical control channel translational motion. 4. The control unit of the endoscope according to claim 1, which contains a handle, at least one end of which is a tubular part, and the specified at least one control channel contains hollow shafts concentrically located in the tubular part of the handle. 5. The control unit of the endoscope according to claim 4, in which the first control mechanism comprises a control wheel and a worm wheel located on the same axis, and intermediate gears configured to transmit rotation from the worm wheel associated with the control wheel to the gear wheel, rigidly mounted on one of these hollow shafts. 6. The control unit of the endoscope according to claim 4, wherein said at least one electronic control channel comprises at least one electrical contact group comprising spring-loaded contacts fixedly arranged around the circumference of one of said hollow shafts at its distal end, and the corresponding electrical contact group containing contact pads located around the circumference of the proximal portion of the input part of the endoscope. 7. The endoscope control unit according to claim 4, in which the second control mechanism comprises a curved lever fixed in the tubular part of the handle with one of its ends, made in the form of a fork having two shoulders, a plate rigidly fixed to one of these hollow shafts and made with the possibility of inserting a fork of a curved lever into the gap between the two arms, the curved lever being deflectable so that the plate moves together with one of the hollow shafts in the axial equalization, and the second control mechanism also contains a flat spring, configured to return the lever to its original position after its deviation. 8. The control unit of the endoscope according to claim 7, in which for fixing the second control mechanism in the inoperative position, the handle comprises a locking mechanism comprising a rod, a pin at its upper end and a handle mounted on the lower end, the rod being rotatable around its axis when turning the handle around the axis of this rod to ensure that the specified pin in the groove made on the curved lever to fix the curved lever in the locked position and to ensure that bonded pin from the recess with a curvilinear transfer lever in the released position. 9. The endoscope control unit according to claim 4, in which the connecting means comprise grooves located on the circumference of said hollow shafts at their distal end, slots and friction elements adapted to engage with corresponding protrusions, splines and friction elements located around the circumference of the proximal the end of the input endoscope. 10. The control unit of the endoscope according to claim 9, in which the connecting means also comprise a mechanical coupling located at the distal end of the tubular part of the handle and configured to fix the input part of the endoscope therein. 11. The control unit of the endoscope according to claim 5, in which the axis of rotation of the control wheel extends transversely relative to the longitudinal axis of the tubular part of the handle. 12. The control unit of the endoscope according to claim 1, which further comprises: a control nozzle made with the possibility of detachable connection with the proximal part of the control unit of the endoscope and containing control means of the control nozzle; at least one control channel of the control nozzle associated with the control means of the control nozzle and configured to transmit control actions from the control means of the control nozzle to the endoscope control unit; connecting means of the control nozzle, made with the possibility of detachable connection of the control nozzle with the endoscope control unit, ensuring the connection of each control channel of the control nozzle with the corresponding control channel of the endoscope control unit and / or the input part of the endoscope. 13. The endoscope control unit according to claim 12, wherein said at least one control channel of the endoscope control unit comprises at least one mechanical control channel and at least one electronic control channel, and said at least one control channel of the control nozzle comprises at least one electronic control channel. 14. The control unit of the endoscope according to claim 13, wherein the control means of the control nozzle comprise control buttons configured to control the electronic control channel of the control nozzle. 15. The endoscope control unit according to claim 13, wherein the control unit comprises a handle, at least one end of which is a tubular part, and said at least one control channel of the endoscope control unit comprises hollow shafts concentrically located in the tubular part of the handle. 16. The endoscope control unit according to claim 15, wherein said at least one electronic control channel of the endoscope control unit contains at least one electrical contact group, which comprises spring-loaded contacts fixedly located around the circumference of one of said hollow shafts at its distal end , and which corresponds to an electrical contact group containing contact pads located around the circumference of the proximal portion of the input part of the endoscope, and at least one electric the contact group, which contains spring-loaded contacts, motionlessly located around the circumference of one of these hollow shafts at its proximal end, and the control nozzle contains contact pads, located on a circle on its distal section, corresponding to the specified spring-loaded contacts of the endoscope control unit. 17. The control unit of the endoscope according to claim 15, in which along the circumference of one of these hollow shafts at its proximal end are slots arranged to engage with corresponding slots located around the circumference of the control nozzle in its distal section. 18. The input part of the endoscope containing at least one control channel of the input part of the endoscope, configured to transmit control actions from the control unit of the endoscope to control the input part of the endoscope, and connecting means of the input part of the endoscope, made with the possibility of detachable connection of the input part of the endoscope with the control unit of the endoscope to ensure the connection of each control channel of the input part of the endoscope with the corresponding control channel of the control unit of the endoscope, moreover, the specified connection of the control channels is provided by means of connecting means of the input part of the endoscope located circumferentially at its proximal end, and corresponding connecting means of the endoscope control unit located circumferentially at the distal end of the endoscope control unit. 19. The input part of the endoscope according to claim 18, in which the connecting means and control channels of the input part of the endoscope are located in one tubular body, and the connecting means of the input part of the endoscope contain friction elements located around the circumference of the proximal section of the tubular body and correspond to friction elements located along circles at the distal end of the endoscope control unit. 20. The insertion part of the endoscope according to claim 19, in which the connecting means of the input part of the endoscope also contain fasteners located on the distal portion of the tubular body and configured to fix the input part on the control unit of the endoscope. 21. The inserted endoscope part according to claim 18, which comprises at its proximal end circumferential slots, friction elements or protrusions for controlling the mechanical control channel of the inserted endoscope part and electrical contact pads for controlling the inserted endoscope part via the electronic control channel, which are responsive to corresponding circumferential slots, friction elements, cutouts and an electrical contact group at the distal end of the endoscope control unit. 22. A modular video endoscopic system comprising: endoscope control unit according to any one of paragraphs. 1-17, the input part of the endoscope according to any one of paragraphs. 18-21 and a video information module configured to connect to an endoscope control unit. 23. The modular video endoscopic system of claim 22, wherein the endoscope control unit comprises an electronic unit configured to connect to the video information module via cable.

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