RU2657321C1 - Bucket meter of liquid and associated petroleum gas in a flowing gas-liquid mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measuring equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of measurement technology and can be used to measure the mass flow of crude oil and its components (oil, gas and formation water). distinctive feature of the solution is that the conditions counter design has been created that made it possible to organize separately from the measuring process in the separating body itself, flowing in the body of the measuring unit, of an efficient process of separation of the mixture entering the meter, providing, thus, the arrival into the buckets of the measuring unit of doses of a liquid mixture doses, purified from associated gas, characterized by a constant mass, namely: by providing the counter with separate from the body of the measuring unit, a separation body with elements for draining the separated liquid mixture from it into the buckets of the measuring unit, and placing in this separating body of funnels with a bump, forming a separation unit with it, and also by performing the funnel itself with perforation and fixing of it in the separation body with the possibility of forming in it a separate chamber between its inner surface and the outer surface of the funnel with the congestion zones and diversion of the separated products: the upper zone associated with the gas collector, zone for the accumulation and removal of gas separated from the mixture, and a lower zone for the accumulation and removal of the separated liquid mixture.

EFFECT: reduction in the measurements error and an increase in their reliability, characterized by the reproducibility of the measurement results, by increasing the efficiency of the separation process in the meter, ensuring the consistency of the mass of the liquid doses taken into account, measured by each bucket.

5 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of measuring equipment and can be used for measuring the mass flow rate of crude oil and its components (oil, gas and produced water).

Known bucket meter for the amount of liquid in the flowing gas-liquid mixture containing a horizontally arranged cylindrical body and placed in it a measuring unit, including: a cover and a support sealed to the end surface of the body; located between them with the possibility of free swinging and connected by a common rib and a common sidewall, two prismatic buckets of triangular section with their load-balanced measuring chambers inside, alternately filled with the considered liquid mixture and discharged from them with fixing the number of drains, each with its own load, balancing the weight of the liquid mass in the volume of the bucket filled with the measuring chamber and causing it to turn: one adjacent to the lid, and the other adjacent to the support; as well as connecting the cover and bearing studs, restricting the turns of the buckets and located parallel to the axis of the housing; as well as collectors associated with the meter body, one of which is intended for supplying a gas-liquid mixture to the input device, and the other is for withdrawing from the housing the recorded liquid mixture with the density sensor of the recorded liquid mixture located in it (P. P. Kremlevsky. Flow meters and quantity counters. - Leningrad .: Engineering, 1975).

This well-known counter of the amount of gas-liquid mixture allows to reduce the error in measuring its flow rate caused by a change in the density of the gas-liquid mixture taken into account by orienting the measuring chamber of each bucket filled with it in such a way that the center of gravity of the mass of this liquid in it moves along the angle bisector at the apex of the isosceles triangle.

The disadvantages of this known bucket meter for the amount of gas-liquid mixture are the large measurement errors, as well as their unreliability, characterized by the irreproducibility of the results of these measurements, since:

- the mass of the mixture to be taken into account in the balanced mass measured by the buckets, poured into the body of the measuring unit of the meter counter is unstable due to the presence in it of an undetermined amount of unaccounted for associated gas, as well as due to the introduction of gas that was previously released from the gas-liquid stream into its measured mass dose, poured into the meter body;

- in the process of filling the ladles with the flow of the mixture, part of it is sprayed and leaves the ladles in the lower part of the body, being unaccounted for;

- inconsistency of the mass of liquid in the load-balanced mass measured by the buckets, the mixture being poured into the buckets, as well as its unaccounted-for quantity sprayed when pouring into the buckets, can lead to an excessive rise in the liquid level in the lower part of the meter body, controlled by a float controlled through a lever system with a valve located on meter inlet nozzle, which, in turn, complicates the design of the valve control unit, and, as a result, complicates the design of the meter itself;

- the location of the metering devices for the mixture parameters: temperature, pressure, density and its chemical composition, outside this well-known counter does not solve the problem of reducing the measurement error of its flow rate, because, taking into account the dynamics of the flow of crude oil, the measurement results at each time point reflect the parameters different leaking doses of the mixture, thereby not ensuring the reliability of meter measurements, i.e. their reproducibility, and, as a consequence, their great error;

- in addition, this well-known meter does not comply with the current rules for oil metering, which obligate third parties to take into account the influence on the measurement accuracy of not only oil parameters such as temperature and pressure, but also and the presence of free and dissolved gas in it, as well as the procedure for determining its density (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 451 of May 16, 2014 “On the Approval of the Rules for the Accounting for Oil”).

Closest to the proposed invention is a bucket meter for the amount of liquid and associated petroleum gas in the flowing gas-liquid mixture, disclosed in the patent for utility model No. 154443, publ. 08/27/2015 and containing:

• a measuring unit located in its horizontally located cylindrical body and comprising: a cover and a support sealed to the end surface of the body; located between them with the possibility of free swing and connected by a common rib and a common sidewall, two prismatic buckets of triangular cross section with their load-balanced measuring chambers inside, alternately filled with the fluid mixture taken into account and drained from them, and with their side plates with a load, balancing the weight of the liquid in weight the volume of the filled measuring chamber of the bucket and causing its rotation: one adjacent to the lid, and the other adjacent to the support; as well as connecting pins and a cover that limits the turns of the buckets and is parallel to the axis of the housing of the measuring unit, and at least one magnet that fixes each drain of the buckets and is located on the side plate adjacent to the cover, as well as sensors connected to it located on the counter cover from her outside

• a separation unit formed from the input device for filling the gas-liquid mixture into the measuring chambers of the ladles and the funnel enclosing it with the chimney of the gas-liquid mixture flow held underneath on its inner surface;

• collectors, one of which is intended for supplying a gas-liquid mixture to the inlet device, the other - for withdrawing from the housing of the recorded liquid mixture with the density sensor of the recorded liquid mixture located in it; and the third is a gas manifold for removing gas separated from the gas-liquid mixture;

• an ejector installed in the outlet manifold of the meter and connected to the gas manifold;

• as well as a unit informationally connected with all the sensors of the meter and calculating the amount of liquid in the flowing gas-liquid mixture and displaying these readings.

This counter closest to the claimed technical solution allows to reduce the measurement error and increase their reliability, characterized by reproducibility of the measurement results, by creating conditions that provide preliminary separation of the mixture entering the meter and separation of associated gas from the mixture before it is poured into the measuring unit buckets using a perforated chipper and funnels, which, as a result, approximates the mass of the considered liquid doses of the gas-liquid mixture, measured each m bucket, to a constant value.

In addition, preliminary separation of the flow of the mixture entering the meter allows you to eliminate the excessive rise in the liquid level in the lower part of the meter body and simplify its design by abandoning the use of a complex unit that regulates the removal of the recorded mixture from the meter body, and the use of the funnel itself in the meter eliminates the spraying of the mixture , providing, thus, its full accounting counter. At the same time, the use in the design of the meter counter to measure the density of the recorded liquid mixture allows one to take into account the density value of the liquid mixture in calculating its quantity and, thereby, reduce the measurement error of its flow rate, ensuring reliability of measurements, i.e. reproducibility.

The disadvantages of this counter closest to the invention, however, are the large measurement error and their unreliability, characterized by the irreproducibility of their results due to the lack of structural elements in the meter that contribute to a deeper separation of the mixture entering the meter and gas separation from it before filling it into buckets for accounting, and ensuring, as a result of the constancy of the mass of doses of the mixture poured into the buckets of the measuring unit;

The technical result achieved by the invention is to reduce the measurement error and increase their reliability, characterized by reproducibility of the measurement results, by increasing the efficiency of the separation process in the meter, ensuring a constant mass of the measured liquid doses of the mixture, measured by each bucket.

The specified technical result is achieved in that a bucket meter for the amount of liquid and associated petroleum gas in the flowing gas-liquid mixture containing

a measuring unit located in its horizontally arranged cylindrical body and comprising: a cover and a support sealed to the end surface of the body; located between them with the possibility of free swing and connected by a common rib and a common sidewall, two prismatic buckets of triangular cross section with their load-balanced measuring chambers inside, alternately filled with the fluid mixture taken into account and drained from them, and with their side plates with a load, balancing the weight of the liquid in weight the volume of the filled measuring chamber of the bucket and causing its rotation: one adjacent to the lid, and the other adjacent to the support; connecting the cover and bearing studs, restricting the turns of the buckets and located parallel to the axis of the housing of the measuring unit; and at least one magnet fixing each bucket drain placed on the side plate adjacent to the lid, as well as associated sensors located on the counter lid on its outer side;

a separation unit formed from the input device for filling the gas-liquid mixture into the measuring chambers of the ladles and the funnel enveloping it with the chimney of the gas-liquid mixture flow held beneath it on its inner surface;

collectors, two of which are counter-connected to the housing perpendicular to its axis, one of which is designed to supply a gas-liquid mixture to the input device, and the other collector is designed to divert the recorded liquid mixture from the housing with the density sensor of the recorded liquid mixture located in it, as well as sensors temperature and pressure of the recorded liquid mixture, and the third collector is gas, designed to drain the gas separated from the mixture;

an ejector installed in the outlet manifold of the meter and connected to the gas manifold;

as well as a unit associated with all meter sensors and calculating the amount of liquid in the flowing gas-liquid mixture and displaying these readings,

it is additionally equipped with a separation case with elements for draining the separated liquid mixture into the buckets of the measuring unit, and there are installed forming the separation unit for the meter: an input device and a funnel with a chipper, and the separation body is hermetically attached to the body of the measuring unit,

while the funnel of the separation unit is made with perforation and fixed in the separation case with the possibility of forming in it between its inner surface and the outer surface of the funnel of a separate chamber with zones of accumulation and removal of separated products: the upper one, connected with the gas collector, the zone for accumulation and removal separated from gas mixture and a lower zone for accumulation and removal of the separated liquid mixture.

Equipping the meter with sensors that record the temperature and pressure of the recorded liquid mixture, as well as a sensor that fixes the density of the gas in the recorded mixture, increases the accuracy of measurement calculations.

Providing the meter with elements for sampling allows you to determine the chemical composition of the recorded liquid mixture, including the presence of paraffins, sulfur, water content of the liquid mixture, to be taken into account in calculations, which, as a result, increases the accuracy of meter measurements.

The invention is illustrated by drawings:

FIG. 1 - General view of the bucket counter of the amount of liquid and associated petroleum gas in the flowing gas-liquid mixture in the context.

FIG. 2 - - Side view in FIG. one.

FIG. 3 - Measuring unit.

FIG. 4 - View A in FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 - View B in FIG. 3.

FIG. 6 - General view of the counter in axonomer.

The bucket meter for the amount of liquid and associated petroleum gas in the flowing gas-liquid mixture contains:

• measuring unit 1 (Fig. 1), placed in a horizontally arranged cylindrical body 2;

• separation unit 3, located in a separate separation case 4 and formed from the input device 5 for pouring the mixture into the measuring unit 2 and the perforated funnel 6 enveloping it with a gas-liquid mixture flow chipper 7 held beneath it on its inner surface;

• collectors 8, 9 and 10, one of which 8 is intended for supplying a gas-liquid mixture to the input device 5, another collector 9 for withdrawing from the housing 1 the recorded liquid mixture with a density sensor with two electrodes located in it: one 11 for measuring the density of the recorded mixture and another 12 - to measure the density of the gas in it, as well as sensors of its temperature and pressure, respectively 13 and 14, and the third - a gas manifold 10 for removal of gas separated from the mixture;

• an ejector 15 installed in the output manifold 9 and connected to the gas collector 10 with a sampling tube 16 in its housing;

• and also an electronic unit 17, informationally connected with all meter sensors, that calculates the amount of liquid and associated gas in the flowing gas-liquid mixture and displays these readings.

The measuring unit 1 of the counter (Fig. 1) contains:

- hermetically attached to the end surface of the housing 2 cover 18 and the support 19 (Fig. 3);

- located between them and connected by a common rib and a common sidewall, two prismatic buckets of triangular section 20 and 21 with their load-balanced measuring chambers inside, alternately filled with the fluid mixture taken into account and drained from them, with coaxial fingers 22 and 23, respectively, on their free sidewalls, rotatably mounted on the axis of symmetry of the housing in the sockets 25 and 26 of the cover 18 and the support 19, and with its side plates 27 and 28 with a load of 29 and 30: one 29 adjacent to the cover, and the other 30 adjacent to the support;

- connecting the cover 18 and the support 19 of the studs 31, 32 and 33, restricting the turns of the buckets and located parallel to the axis of the housing of the measuring unit,

- at least one magnet 34 located on the side plate adjacent to the cover and fixing the number of buckets 20 and 21, as well as the sensors 35 and 36 associated with it located on the counter cover 18 from its outer side.

The separation housing 4 (Fig. 1) contains drain elements 37 and 38 that guide the separated mixture into the ladles 20 and 21 of the measuring unit 1. It is sealed on the housing 2 of the measuring unit 1, separately from it, which allows you to divide the technological zones of the meter into two separate : separation and measurement, and thereby prevent the reverse process of introducing the gas previously separated from it into the mixture, ensuring its output to the gas manifold 10 during the separation of the mixture, and then through the ejector 15 to the collecting outlet 9.

The funnel 6 of the separation unit 3 is fixed in the separation housing 4 with the possibility of forming between its inner surface and the outer surface of the funnel a separate chamber 39 with its own zones of accumulation and removal of the separated products: the upper zone associated with the gas collector, the zone for accumulation and removal of gas separated from the mixture 40 and a lower zone for accumulating and discharging the separated mixture 41.

A capacitive sensor is used as a sensor for the density of the recorded liquid mixture and the gas density in it, which measures the percentage of water in the mixture and the percentage of gas in it.

When taking into account the heavy oil meter in its design, a thrust bearing (not shown) is used that holds the support of the measuring unit on the body of the measuring unit.

The bucket meter for the amount of liquid and associated petroleum gas in the flowing gas-liquid mixture works in this way.

Before starting the meter, the buckets 21 and 22 of the measuring unit 1 are calibrated. For this purpose, a pre-separated mixture is poured into these buckets and calibrated with the mixture loaded with counterweights 25 and 26. Thus, they are poured into the buckets 21 and 22 (Fig. 3) the dose of the separated mixture always remains constant, independent of its density. The value of this mass is entered in the electronic unit 17 (Fig 1).

During the operation of the meter, the recorded liquid mixture is sampled from the hole 16 in the ejector body 15, its chemical composition is determined, including the presence of paraffins, sulfur, and the water content of the liquid mixture for accounting purposes, which, as a result, increases the accuracy of meter measurements.

A necessary condition for the operation of this meter is the presence of gas in the housing 2 (Fig. 3) of the measuring unit 1, which is released from the gas-liquid mixture entering the meter, consisting of liquid and associated gas, free and dissolved in it, when it passes through the meter due to the effect gravitational separation arising due to the difference in the densities of liquid and gas under the influence of their gravity.

The flow of the mixture enters through a valve (not shown) in the manifold 8 (Fig. 1), which blocks the flow of the mixture into the separation case 4 of the meter in case of an accident or the need for maintenance of the meter, then passes through the input device 5 and falls onto the surface of the bump 7. When faced with chipper 7, the mixture is divided into droplets and jets with the release of free associated gas from them, due to the difference in the specific gravities of the separated products. Drops and jets of the mixture are thrown onto the surface of the perforated funnel 19, again split into drops with the release of gas from them. At the same time, part of the droplets breaks through the holes of the funnel and moistens its surface from opposite sides of the liquid mixture draining from them, covering the holes of the funnel with thin films with the release of bubble gas from them. In the form of films and drops, the mixture enters the accumulation zone and its outlet 36 of the chamber 34, falls onto the drain elements 21 and 22 of the separation housing and flows from them into the buckets 21 and 22 of the measuring unit 1.

The gas released from the mixture penetrates through the openings of the perforated funnel 6 into the accumulation zone 35 and its removal chamber 34 and, sucked off by the ejector 15, enters the gas manifold 10, and from there into the ejector 15 and then into the manifold 10.

Thus, the completion of the meter with a separation case 4 with the elements of the separation unit from the funnel 6 and the chipper 7 located therein and the location of this separation case outside the housing 2 of the measuring unit 1 and its connection with the gas manifold 10, as well as the manufacture of a funnel 6 with perforation, to organize in the separation case itself, separately from the measurement process, in the case of the measuring unit, an effective process of separation of the mixture entering the meter, thereby ensuring entry into the bucket and 20 and 21 of the measuring unit purified from associated gas doses of the liquid mixture, characterized by constant mass.

The principle of operation of the measuring unit 1 is based on the successive filling of each of the two buckets 20 and 21 with a pre-separated mixture and their subsequent release from it by tipping over at the moment they reach a certain mass of the mixture exceeding the mass of their cargoes 25 and 26.

The recorded mixture of buckets falls into the lower part of the housing 1 and is forced into the output manifold 9.

The moment of the beginning of filling one bucket corresponds to the moment of the end of filling the other bucket and vice versa. When filling the bucket 20 (Fig. 3), it turns to the left until it stops in the pin 31 and the mixture inside it spills into the housing 2, while the magnet 34 (Fig. 6) reaches the axis of the electromagnetic sensor 35 (Figs. 1, 4, 5) and fixes in it with its impulse the moment of discharge of this bucket, corresponding to the moment of the beginning of filling of another bucket 21. Then, in the same way, when filling the bucket 21, it turns to the right with a pin 32 and the mixture inside it is poured into the housing 2, while the magnet 34 reaches the axis of the electromagnetic sensor 36 and fixes on it pulse, the moment of emptying of this bucket, corresponding to the moment the bucket 20 begins to fill.

Thus, the time moments recorded by the sensors 35 and 36 correspond to the total filling time of one bucket. Information from these electromagnetic sensors is fed to an electronic unit 17, which calculates the mass flow rate of the separated oil mixture flowing through the counter, i.e. its liquid phase.

Located in the output manifold 9, the sensors of the density of the recorded mixture and the gas density in it, respectively 11 and 12, as well as sensors of its temperature and pressure, respectively 13 and 14, send their readings to the electronic unit 17, which corrects its calculations taking into account these readings.

After that, the recorded mixture and the gas separated from it are mixed in the outlet ejector 15 and their mixture goes beyond the counter, and the electronic unit 17 performs calculations and displays all the information stored and calculated by it on the indicator.

The technical solution created thanks to the combination of its essential features reflected in the claims allows to reduce the measurement error of the meter and to ensure their reliability, which is characterized by the reproducibility of the results of these measurements, by creating conditions for the meter to be arranged separately from the measurement process in the separation housing the case of the measuring unit, an effective process of separation of the mixture entering the meter, thereby ensuring doses of liquid mixture purified from associated gas into the ladles of the measuring unit, which are characterized by constant mass, namely: equipping the meter separate from the body of the measuring unit, a separation case with elements for draining the separated liquid mixture from it into the ladles of the measuring unit and placing a funnel in this separation case with a chipper, forming a separation unit with it, as well as the implementation of the funnel itself with perforation and fixing it in a separation case with the possibility of forming in it tdelnoy chamber between its inner surface and the outer surface of the funnel with zones of accumulation and discharge of the separated products: the upper connected with the gas collector zone for the accumulation and discharge of the separated gas mixture, and the bottom area for the accumulation and discharge of the separated liquid mixture.

The bucket meter claimed as an invention for the amount of liquid and associated petroleum gas in the flowing gas-liquid mixture has been tested at the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Flow Metering Federal State Unitary Enterprise and is ready for release at the applicant's enterprise.

The technical solution proposed as an invention complies with the current rules for oil metering, which obligate third parties to take into account the influence on the measurement accuracy of not only oil parameters such as temperature and pressure, but also the presence of oil in oil production, preparation, transportation and refining, and oil consumption. it contains free and dissolved gas, as well as the procedure for determining the density of oil (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 451 of May 16, 2014 “On the Approval of the Rules for the Accounting of Oil”).

Claims (5)

1. A bucket meter for the amount of liquid and associated petroleum gas in the flowing gas-liquid mixture, comprising a measuring unit located in its horizontally arranged cylindrical body and comprising: a cover and a support sealed to the end surface of the body; located between them with the possibility of free swinging and connected by a common rib and one sidewall, two prismatic buckets of triangular section with their load-balanced measuring chambers inside, alternately filled with the fluid mixture taken into account and drained from them, and with their side plates with a load, balancing by weight the mass of liquid in the volume of the filled measuring chamber of the bucket and causing its rotation: one adjacent to the lid, and the other adjacent to the support; connecting the cover and bearing studs, restricting the turns of the buckets and located parallel to the axis of the housing of the measuring unit; at least one magnet fixing each bucket drain and placed on a side plate adjacent to the lid, as well as associated sensors located on the counter lid on its outer side; and also a separation unit formed from the input device for filling the gas-liquid mixture into the measuring chambers of the ladles and the funnel enclosing it with the chimney of the gas-liquid mixture flow held underneath on its inner surface; collectors, two of which are counter-connected to the housing perpendicular to its axis, one of which is intended for supplying a gas-liquid mixture to the inlet device, and the other collector is designed to drain the recorded liquid mixture from the housing, and the third is a gas collector for removing gas separated from the mixture; an ejector installed in the outlet manifold of the meter and connected to the gas manifold; density meter of the recorded liquid mixture installed in the outlet manifold, and a unit informationally connected to all meter sensors and calculating the amount of liquid in the flowing gas-liquid mixture and displaying these readings, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a separation case with elements for draining the separated liquid mixture into the buckets of the measuring unit and a funnel with a chipper is installed in it, forming a separation unit with it, and the separation body itself is hermetically fixed to the measuring unit, while the funnel is perforated and fixed in a separation housing with the possibility of forming a separate chamber in it between its inner surface and the outer surface of the funnel with zones of accumulation and removal of separated products: the upper one, connected with the gas collector, an area for accumulation and removal separated from the mixture of gas and the lower zone for the accumulation and removal of the separated liquid mixture. 2. The counter according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with temperature and pressure sensors of the recorded liquid mixture installed in the collector that takes away the recorded liquid mixture. 3. The counter according to claim 1, characterized in that the density sensor of the recorded liquid mixture contains two electrodes: one electrode for measuring the density of the recorded liquid mixture, and the other electrode for measuring the gas density in it. 4. The counter according to claim 1, characterized in that the density sensor of the recorded liquid mixture is installed in the ejector body. 5. The counter according to claim 1, characterized in that the ejector body is configured to take samples of the recorded liquid mixture from it.

Images