RU2656275C1 - Radio control areas determination method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: instrument engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the navigational instrument making and can find application in the troops automated control systems (ACS) for the radio control areas (RCA) determination, in which the rationally located mobile radio-receiving systems (MRRS) best operation conditions must be ensured and the MRRS movement optimum routes determination in the selected RCA or during the RCA change. For this, performing intended for the MRRS deployment area preliminary analysis, study and evaluation by the optimization method, for example, by dynamic programming method using the additive quality criterion (target function), at that, as the criterion constituents using the mathematical, informational or geometric primitives, characterizing, for example, the MRRS deployment areas inapplicability and these areas exclusion from the calculation, with the MRRS movement optimum route determination subsequent determination from the location point to the selected receiving positions based on the movement route passing conditions, moved MRRS tactical and technical characteristics and certain optimality criteria (minimum time spent on movement, shortest by length path, minimum energy costs, protective and masking properties of the terrain, etc.). As the movement optimal route selection tool, it is proposed to use the Dijkstra algorithm. At that, the following methods are used: the MRRS deployment areas selection method, based on the terrain evaluation method; MRRS movement method, with their adaptation according to the RES EA level, inside the selected RCA; methodology of the MRRS movement to the new geographic area in the event of their retargeting. Considering: concept of the geoinformation systems and new information technologies integration; operational and tactical operating conditions and performance characteristics of the MRRS intended for placement in the selected area; terrain tactical properties in combination with seasonal climatic and weather conditions; assessment of the possibilities for the MRRS application in the terrain geographically primitive area and the RCA optimized by the RES EA level; travel optimal route determination during the MRRS adaptation within the RCA; MRRS movement to the unevaluated area in case of retargeting optimum route determination, followed by its minimization and optimization in accordance with the deployment areas selection methodology; time spent for the MRRS movement, travel length, energy costs, etc.

EFFECT: expansion of functional capabilities on the basis of improvement in the RCA determination method, ensuring reduction in the time spent for the RCA selection, optimization of the MRRS adaptation process to the RCA by the EA level and the MRRS movement optimal route determination process during adaptation within the selected RCA or movement to the new geographic area in the case of the MRRS retargeting.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of military equipment and can be implemented in the form of a program for electronic computers (computers) of an automated command and control system (ACS) for troops to determine areas of radio monitoring (RRK), which should provide the best operating conditions for rationally located mobile radio receiving complexes (MRPKs) and determining the optimal routes for moving MRPKs in the selected RRK or when changing the RRK.

As a prototype used in the development of the invention, the patent for the invention “Method for assessing terrain” was adopted for the determination of RRB (patent RU No. 2600096, IPC G06F 19/00, IPC H04W 40/20 dated December 16, 2014).

When moving an MRPK to a designated area, the timeliness of arrival of the complex is achieved by choosing the optimal route of movement, which should be optimized by the shortest travel route for the shortest possible time, taking into account the tactical and technical characteristics of MRPKs, oriented towards fulfilling the requirements for maintaining the maximum possible characteristics of radio monitoring during relocation and re-targeting.

Currently, there are known methods for determining the optimal routes for moving mobile objects on the ground, based on the analysis of information about methods of moving around the area using CCM and other sources.

For example, there is a known way of laying a route for different types of transport complexes with different traffic areas using geoinformation technologies and CCM (patent RU No. 2045773, IPC G06F 17/16 of 10.19.1995), where the fuel saving is the main criterion for choosing the optimal route -lubricants. The disadvantage of this method is that the selected quality criterion for determining the optimal route does not take into account the geographical nature of the terrain.

A known method of laying the optimal route for the movement of mobile objects over rough terrain [Dorogov A.Yu., Lesnykh V.Yu., Rakov V.I., Titov G.S. Algorithms for the optimal movement of mobile objects over rough terrain and the transport network / St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University, Issue No. 3, 2006], which solves the problem of finding optimal paths by the level of transport costs for a number of technical applications: assessment of transport accessibility of geographically distributed security systems , planning optimal routes for the movement of robotic systems on rough terrain, modeling routes in simulators of mobile systems and ompyuternyh games. The main disadvantage of this method is that it does not allow preliminary filtering according to certain characteristics of the source data before the process of selecting and constructing optimal travel routes and, therefore, reduce the size of the sample to be processed on a computer, which requires the use of powerful resource-intensive software computing systems and leads to an increase in information processing time.

A known method of selecting the trajectory of a mobile object in a conflict environment [A.V. Dobrovidov, E.L. Kulida, I.M. Rudko. The choice of the trajectory of the object in a conflict environment / M. Management Problems, Issue No. 3, 2011]. In this method, the problem of determining the quality of covert maneuvering of an object when it passes a route from a given starting point to a given end point in a region in which the object is confronted by a number of observers searching and detecting the object is considered. The criteria for choosing the optimal trajectory of movement of a mobile object are the minimum travel time of the trajectory and the probability of its non-detection on the entire trajectory of movement by none of the observers. The disadvantage of this method is that the movement of the mobile object is carried out in an anisotropic environment.

It is stated that the closest in essence to the claimed invention is a method of laying a route of movement on rough terrain (patent RU No. 2439, IPC G01C 21/34 of 07.15.2010), in which the optimal route of movement was determined based on an assessment of the geographical properties of the area on the basis of the passability criterion without a preliminary assessment of the effectiveness of the use of mobile systems at the end point of the route, which is a significant drawback when deciding on the use of mobile systems according to Assigning.

The problem of determining the optimal travel route in the general formulation is formulated as follows [6]. On the map of the area, it is necessary to determine the route from the starting set of points to the set of end points, which has minimal costs.

The invention consists in a preliminary analysis, study and assessment of the area of the area intended for the deployment of MRPK, optimization method, for example, dynamic programming using the additive quality criterion (objective function) [1, 13, 14], while introducing as criteria components, for example, mathematical, informational, or geometric primitives characterizing, for example, the unsuitability of zones for the placement of MRPKs and the exclusion of these zones from the calculation, with the subsequent determination of the optimal about the route of moving the MRPK from the deployment point to the selected receiving positions based on the conditions of patency of the route of travel, the tactical and technical characteristics of the moved MRPKs and certain criteria of optimality (the minimum time spent on moving, the shortest path, minimum energy costs, protective and masking properties of the area, and etc.). It is proposed to use the Dijkstra algorithm [4, 5] as a tool for choosing the optimal travel route. The application of this algorithm is due to the fact that this algorithm finds in the set of initial motion routes presented in the form of a graph the only best path with the required optimal properties. To solve this problem, it is possible to use the Floyd algorithm, the breadth-first search algorithm, the Ford-Bellman algorithm. However, unlike the breadth-first search algorithm, Dijkstra's algorithm only works with graph arcs whose weight is one. The Ford-Bellman algorithm works with arcs that have negative weight. In our case, the weight of the arcs cannot be negative, because the time taken to move, the length of the path, and energy costs taken into account in the methodology cannot be negative. Floyd's algorithm requires a large amount of time and information resources for computing operations.

At the initial stage of determining the RRB, in order to select the most optimal positions suitable for the deployment of MRPKs, by optimizing they minimize the geographical area of possible location, taking into account the exclusion of administrative and physical-geographical (and other) components, forming possible areas of placement on a digital map of the area (MSC) ) Minimization leads to a decrease in the amount of information (without loss of quality), which reduces the size of the sample to be processed on a computer and, as a result, reduces the requirements for hardware resources, which allows, for example, the use of small-sized mobile computer tools.

At the next stage, structuring and predictive assessment of the minimized working area is carried out with the aim of the possible selection of certain types of MRPKs that can be most effectively placed and applied in this geographical area to perform radio monitoring tasks, for which operational tactical operating conditions and parameters restricting the use of placement of selected MRPKs in this RRK. Further, for the selected MRPKs, the level of electromagnetic accessibility (EMD) of radio emission sources (IRI) is estimated in order to determine and adapt the optimal receiving positions for performing the tasks of radio monitoring in this geographical area.

An algorithm for calculating the signal power at the input of a receiver is used as a toolkit for determining the level of EMD of IRI [7]. These calculations are based on the calculation of signal loss on the propagation path of radio waves (RRV) from IRI to MRPK, in accordance with methods for calculating signal attenuation and / or field strength on the RRV path in accordance with the recommendations of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) [Recommendation ITU-R P .525-2, Recommendation ITU-R P.526-13, Recommendation ITU-R P.452-15, Recommendation ITU-R P.1546-5].

In accordance with the tasks of radio monitoring and selected MRPK methodology for calculating losses [7] on the RRV path takes into account: features of the propagation of radio waves in different frequency ranges; type of route RRV (land, sea, mixed); features of the underlying surface on the RRV highway (dry soil, meadow, forest, sea); terrain.

The result of the predictive assessment of the minimized working area are the terrain sections on the Central Control Commission optimized for the Republic of Kazakhstan with the corresponding MRK according to EMR IRI.

At the next stage, the possibility of adapting the use of MRPK in the predicted RRB is assessed in order to increase the level of EMR of IRI, and in the case of the possibility of increasing EMD, adaptation and clarification of the positions suitable for placing MRPK are carried out.

MRCK moving routes when changing the receiver positions of the RRM are presented in the form of an oriented weighted graph, the vertices of which represent some control points of the path, while the construction of the graph is determined by the initial data (tactical and technical characteristics of the MRC, time of year, climatic and weather conditions, time of day), restrictions (administrative nature (sections of the track closed for movement for any reason, etc.), the presence of energy resources, average speed, ogre restrictions on the patency of sections of the track (the presence and condition of bridges, the condition of existing roads, the presence of blockages, large rivers and lakes on the road, etc.), depending on the protective and masking properties of the terrain and others), optimization criteria (minimum time spent for movement, the shortest path, minimum energy costs, etc.) and is carried out in accordance with the methodology of laying the route of movement on rough terrain [15].

The choice of the optimal route for moving MRPKs to the RRK is determined by the Dijkstra algorithm. The resulting optimal route of moving MRPK to RRK is displayed on the MSC in the form of a line indicating the coordinates of the receiving positions of MRPK and technical characteristics of movement (path length, time and energy costs for moving MRPK and others).

When changing the radio monitoring area and the need to move the MRPK to another geographical area, the algorithm for determining the new RRK and the algorithm for moving the MRPK to this area, presented by other MSCs, is carried out similarly to the methods described above.

The technical result of the invention is an improved method for determining areas of radio monitoring, including:

- the methodology for the selection of areas of deployment of MRPK, based on the method of assessing the terrain;

- the methodology for moving MRPKs, when adapting them according to the level of EMR IRI, inside the selected RRB;

- the methodology for relocating MRPKs to a new geographical area if they are redirected.

Considering this:

- The concept of integrating geographic information systems and new information technologies;

- operational and tactical conditions of functioning and tactical and technical characteristics of MRPKs intended for deployment in a selected area;

- tactical properties of the terrain in combination with seasonal climatic and weather conditions;

- an assessment of the possibilities for the use of MRPK in a locality minimized by geographical primitives and optimized RRK according to the level of EMR of IRI;

- determination of the optimal travel route when adapting MRPK inside the RRK;

- determination of the optimal route for moving MRPKs to an unappreciated area when re-targeting, followed by its minimization and optimization in accordance with the methodology for choosing deployment areas;

- time spent on moving MRPK, path length, energy costs, etc.

Achievable technical result of the invention is to reduce the calculation time spent on the choice of deployment areas, and reduce the time spent on determining the optimal route for moving MRPKs to the selected deployment area or to another geographical area when re-targeting, by decision makers, by reducing subjective factors and errors , due to a decrease in the volume of data being analyzed under a priori uncertainty based on the use of information technologies.

The aim of the present invention is an improved method for determining RRK, which allows to reduce the time spent on choosing RRK, optimizing the process of adapting MRKK to RKR according to the level of EMD and optimizing the process of determining the optimal route for moving MRKK when adapting within the selected RRK or moving to a new geographical area in case of redirecting MRK .

The goal solution is implemented in the form of a technique represented by the flowchart of FIG. one.

At stage 1, operational and tactical data are entered for a given geographic distribution system, which includes initial data on the area (sector, zone) of the estimated area, time of day (night, morning, evening or day for spring-autumn or summer time), characteristics of the time of year ( winter, spring-autumn, summer), direct visibility opportunities and others, depending on the tasks set, restrictions are set and particular and generalized criteria are determined to minimize and optimize a certain geographical area in order to exclude it is zones unsuitable for placing radio reception complexes, for example, by administrative, geographical or physical (or other) parameters (features), a tool (complex) is determined to implement a method for assessing location on the ground in a given geographical area, taking into account accepted criteria and restrictions with the use of GIS, GLO-NASS, CCM and other modern technologies.

At stage 2, a digital map of the area is loaded for the geographic area defined at stage 1.

At stage 3, by optimizing according to particular criteria and a generalized criterion, the geographic area of the possible distribution of MRPKs is minimized, taking into account the exclusion of components of an administrative and physical-geographical (and other) nature, forming possible areas of MRPK placement on the central distribution center.

Then, after minimizing and optimizing the geographical zones at the CCM, the nomenclature (list) of radio receiving complexes that can be used in this geographical area to perform radio monitoring tasks with subsequent assessment of their effectiveness according to the EMR IRI is determined by geographical criteria.

For this, at step 4, a nomenclature of the possible types of MPCs is introduced, the number of MPCs proposed for use, the tactical and technical characteristics of the selected MPCs, which take into account the requirements for the placement of the MPCs, and affect the conditions for using the MPCs for their intended purpose in the stage 1 of the MPCs.

At stage 5, the calculation and evaluation of the IRI EMD of a given geographical area is carried out in accordance with the recommendations: ITU-R P.525-2, ITU-R P.526-13, ITU-R P.452-15, ITU-R P.1546 -5. Then, it checks the effectiveness of using MRPKs in a given geographical area by comparing the possibilities for using the selected MRPKs, according to the EMR EMR with the calculated data, and at step 6, a decision is made on the effectiveness of using MRPKs and adaptation by the level of EMR IRI in this RRB. If necessary, and the possibility of using MRPK in RRK proceed to stage 7, where the adaptation of the receiving positions that are most suitable for using MRK in RRK according to EMR EMR, taking into account their tactical and technical characteristics, including placement requirements, is carried out. If a decision is made on the inefficiency of using an MPC in a given geographical area, then proceed to step 14, where a decision is made to re-target an MPC to another geographical area.

At stage 8, the statement of the problem of moving MRPKs is carried out, the starting and ending points of movement are marked on the MSC, the requirements for moving the MRPKs (at what time to arrive at the final points, at what average speed to move, etc.) to a given geographical area are determined.

At stage 9, initial data are entered (season, climatic and weather conditions, time of day), restrictions are determined (administrative in nature (sections of the track closed for movement for some reason, etc.), availability of energy resources, average speed, restrictions depending on the protective and camouflaging properties of the terrain, etc.), sections of the track unsuitable for movement (dilapidated and destroyed bridges; blockages; roads, large rivers and lakes, overcoming of which is impossible for one reason or another, are noted on the MSC etc.), establishes the criteria for optimizing travel routes (minimum time spent on travel, the length of the shortest path, minimal energy consumption, etc.).

At stage 10, all possible routes for moving MRPKs are formed and a graph of routes for moving MRPKs in a given geographical area is constructed.

At stage 11, weights are calculated for the arcs of the graph of MRPK travel routes that take into account optimization criteria (minimum time spent on moving, shortest path, minimum energy costs, etc.).

At stage 12, the optimal travel route is determined for the MRPKs selected at stage 4, using the Dijkstra algorithm.

At stage 13, the MSC displays the optimal route for moving the MRPK to the RRK in the form of a line indicating the coordinates of the receiving positions of the MRPK and technical characteristics of the movement (path length, time and energy costs for moving the MRPK and others).

At step 14, the condition of retargeting the MPC to another geographical area is checked. If, depending on various reasons, it is necessary to reorient MRPKs to another RRK, then proceed to stage 2, where a new geographic area is loaded, with its subsequent minimization, optimization and determination of the optimal route for moving MRPKs to the newly loaded RRK.

The proposed method fits into the modern concept of command and control as follows. There is a great complexity of solving control problems in conditions of extreme shortage of time allocated for planning operations (combat operations), sharply aggravates the global problem of completeness and timeliness of information processing. In order to move to a new qualitative level, the joint use of modern tools (GIS, GLONASS, CCM and others) in automated military control systems is necessary. Automation of control processes due to new information technologies and their use at the system level of command and control requires the development and application of special technologies for assessing the situation in areas of special mission at the preparatory stage, i.e. in peacetime. Therefore, the need to solve the problem of preliminary assessment of a geographical area for placing mobile radio receiving complexes with the possibility of their rapid movement within this area, or to another geographical area when re-targeting, taking into account the tactical properties of the area, exists, as it is one of the most important tasks in planning and organizing events radio monitoring [2, 3].

Thus, the proposed method for determining areas of radio monitoring consists in performing new operations and a new sequence of their implementation and has a number of significant advantages that minimize and structure the proposed area of MRPK deployment, reduce the decision-making time for deployment and relocation of MRPK both inside the selected RRK and to a new geographical area, if redirected, to ensure a high degree of use of information technology, to reduce the subjective ctor of decision-making by officials, to increase the effectiveness of the application of MRPK as intended.

Thus, the claimed technical solution meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty."

Information sources

1. Belman R. Dynamic programming. M .: Publishing house of foreign literature, 1960. - 400 p.

2. Gitis V. Fundamentals of spatio-temporal forecasting in geoinformatics. M .: Fizmatlit, 2004 .-- 256 p.

3. Reikleitis G. Optimization in technology. M.: Mir, 1986 .-- 347 p.

4. Emelichev V. A., Melnikov O. I., Sarvanov V. I., Tyshkevich R. I. Lectures on graph theory. M .: Nauka, 1990 .-- 384 p.

5. Shaporev S.D. Mathematical logic. Course of lectures and practical exercises. M .: Nauka, 2000 .-- 416 p.

6. Dorogov A.Yu., Lesnykh V.Yu., Rakov V.I., Titov G.S. Algorithms for the optimal movement of mobile objects over rough terrain and the transport network // SPBGEU. - 2006. - No. 3. - S. 419-427.

7. Kalyuzhny N.M., Galkin S.A., Korzhukov K.N., Semenov G.N., Chernov A.B. The choice of methods for estimating losses and the development of software models for assessing the electromagnetic accessibility of radio monitoring tools. // Bulletin of NTU "KhPI". - 2015. - No. 32. - S. 86-96.

8. Dobrovidov A.V., Kulida E.L., Rudko I.M. The choice of the trajectory of the object in a conflict environment // M .: Control problems. - 2011. - No. 3. - S. 64-75.

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11. Recommendation ITU-R P.452-15. A prediction procedure for estimating interference between stations on the surface of the Earth at frequencies above approximately 0.1 GHz. 2013 .-- 54 p.

12. Recommendation ITU-R P.1546-5. Prediction method for point-to-zone communication paths for terrestrial services in the frequency range from 30 MHz to 3000 MHz. 2013 .-- 57 p.

13. Ganiev A.N., Chebotar I.V., Serebryakov Yu.I. and others. "A method of assessing the terrain." RF patent for the invention No. 2600096, 2016. Bull. Number 29

14. Ganiev A.N., Chebotar I.V., Serebryakov Yu.I. et al. Integrated methodology for the formation of the structure of radio engineering systems and its placement in space // High technology. - M .: Radio engineering. - 2015. - No. 12. - S. 70-79.

15. Mukhin A.I., Shlyk A.M., Rudnev N.I. "A method of plotting a route on rough terrain." RF patent for the invention No. 2439496, 2012. Bull. No. 1.

Claims (1)

A method for determining radio monitoring areas, including a method for selecting deployment areas for mobile radio receiving complexes based on a terrain estimation method, and a method for moving mobile radio receiving complexes between selected regions in case of their re-targeting, characterized in that the initial terrain assessment is carried out according to physical and geographical conditions recorded on digital map of the area (CCM), exclude areas unsuitable for placement of radio reception complexes for operational and technical the inherent capabilities of the placed radio receivers in performing control tasks, optimize the CCM using dynamic programming methods according to the particular and generalized criteria of the area for the possible placement of mobile radio receivers in the area, followed by assessing the possibility of using mobile radio receivers in terms of the electromagnetic accessibility of radio sources, relocation is carried out on routes optimized for the shortest travel path for the minimum possible faux time, given the tactical and technical characteristics of mobile radio systems, aimed at meeting the requirements to preserve the highest possible specifications of radio when redeployment and retargeting.

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