RU2655590C1 - Screened armor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: protective devices.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of armor protection and can be used to protect armored vehicles, in particular armored vehicles, against cumulative anti-tank grenades. Shielded armor consists of a main armor and a lattice screen fixed in front of it at a certain distance, made in the form of a lattice of flat extended metal elements with a profile thickness of 2 to 12 mm, a ratio of thickness to width of 0.1–1, a linear mass of not less than 0.5 kg/m. Shortest distance between the elements is less than the diameter of the cumulative grenade. Elements are connected to each other by at least two flexible bonds fixed above the upper element, and the distance from the front side of the elements to the main armor is not less than 150 mm.

EFFECT: increase in the performance and protection of armored vehicles from cumulative anti-tank grenades is achieved.

7 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of armor protection and can be used to protect armored vehicles, in particular armored vehicles from cumulative anti-tank grenades.

A device is known for protection against anti-tank cumulative grenades (RF patent No. 2534485, priority dated June 28, 2013), which is a screen made in the form of a base with discrete metal volumetric protective elements. The surface density of the base is from 0.05 to 10 kg / m ² , metal volumetric protective elements have overall dimensions from 5 to 50 mm and a density of from 2500 to 19000 kg / m ³ , and the screen is installed in front of the protected object at a distance of 50 to 1500 mm The device, as described, is mounted on the protected object using stretch marks or a rigid (semi-rigid) frame.

The first disadvantage of the known device is:

- in the case of fastening with stretch marks - the difficulty of securing the protective device on the protected object, since such fastening is not always feasible on armored vehicles, due to the complex external architecture;

- in the case of fixing with a rigid or semi-rigid frame - low adaptability to operating conditions and low overall cross-country ability. When overcoming obstacles of large dimensions or narrow oversized passages, any force action (touching the rigid frame of an obstacle) in the absence of compliance of the screen frame can lead to its deformation or breakage.

The second disadvantage of the device is the limitation of the mobility of the components of external mechanisms at the facility (for example, manhole covers when they are opened), overlapping openings for quick access of the crew to the facility or to parts of the facility that require operational maintenance without dismantling the trellis screen.

Known anti-cumulative screen of a tank, infantry fighting vehicle (RF patent No. 2125224, priority from 05.22.1998), which includes an obstacle for anti-tank cumulative ammunition, located in front of the main armor protected by it and fixed to the tank body, made in the form of an optically transparent single-layer or a multilayer mesh or lattice screen or mesh-lattice screen fixed to a horizontal beam at a distance of up to 2-3 m from the main armor protected by it, i.e. the frontal, side, aft of the hull and towers and.

Known anti-grenade protective device (RF patent No. 2462680, priority of 11.29.2010), including mesh deflecting elements installed in front of the protected object, and from the outside there is an additional mesh screen at a distance of at least 1 and no more than 5 grenade lengths, with the cell size is not less than the caliber of the grenade and not more than the span of the feathers of the stabilizer of the cumulative grenade.

A disadvantage of the above known devices is the significant removal of the protective screen from the protected object, which when using the device for protecting objects of armored vehicles will lead to an unacceptable increase in the dimensions of the object and mechanical damage to both the screens themselves and their fastening elements on the protected object during its normal operation.

According to the essential features, the shielded armor adopted for the prototype (patent of the Russian Federation No. 6048, priority dated 01/15/1997), consisting of the main armor and a lattice screen fixed in front of it at some distance, made in the form of a lattice made of parallel horizontally located metal plates of rectangular cross section with a ratio of thickness to width equal to 0.13-0.17, and the ratio of the thickness of the horizontal plates and the distance between them is within 0.065-0.085, while the metal plates are inen with each other by vertical connecting rails having the same thickness with the plates, and the ratio of the distance between them to the distance between the plates is 7.3-9.5, and the distance from the faces of the plates opposite the main armor to the main armor is at least three distances between the plates .

The main disadvantages of the prototype are:

- deterioration in the operational characteristics of the protected object: limitation of the mobility of the components of external mechanisms on the object (for example, manhole covers when they open); closing openings for quick crew access to the facility or to parts of the facility that require operational maintenance without dismantling the trellis screen;

- low destruction efficiency of the cumulative lining of anti-tank grenades in the case of interaction with the trellis screen in the general case (not normal to the trellis screen and / or not in the plane of symmetry of the trellis screen);

- a high probability of detonation of the explosive of the cumulative charge of a grenade excited by a shock wave during the interaction of a grenade with a rigidly mounted rigid lattice screen. Detonation of an explosive of a cumulative charge even at a distance from the protected object leads to its destruction;

- low overall passability - when overcoming obstacles of large dimensions or narrow oversized passages, any force impact (touching an obstacle with a hard screen), in the absence of flexibility of the trellis screen, can lead to its deformation or breakage.

The present invention is the creation of shielded armor free from the above disadvantages.

The technical result of the invention is to increase operational performance (ergonomics, reliability, ease of use, including maintenance) of protected objects, due to:

- providing mobility of the components of the external mechanisms of the object (for example, manhole covers when they are opened) without dismantling the trellis screen;

- ensuring quick access of the crew to the facility or to parts of the facility that require operational maintenance without dismantling the trellis screen;

- reduce the likelihood of a screen breakage when a force is applied (screen touching an obstacle).

Another technical result is to increase the security of the object by increasing the destruction efficiency of the anti-tank cumulative grenade (facing the cumulative charge of a grenade) and reducing the likelihood of detonation of an explosive cumulative charge of a grenade.

The specified overall technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known shielded armor, consisting of the main armor and a lattice screen fixed in front of it at a certain distance, made in the form of a lattice of flat extended metal elements (in the prototype metal plates; hereinafter referred to as elements), having a certain ratio of thickness and width, fixed at a certain distance from each other, interconnected by bonds (in the prototype - connecting rails) located on According to the invention, the elements are made with a certain distance from each other with a profile thickness of 2 to 12 mm, a thickness to width ratio of 0.1-1, a linear mass of at least 0.5 kg / m, and the smallest distance between the elements is less than the diameter of the cumulative grenade, the said elements are interconnected by at least two flexible bonds fixed above the upper element, and the distance from the front side of the elements to the main armor is at least 150 mm.

The most fully claimed technical result is achieved by fulfilling the bonds connecting the elements, shortened in length, for example, in the form of chains.

In addition, the bonds can be made tensile or tensile.

In addition, the fastening of the elements to the bonds can be made of low strength.

In addition, the elements can be made on the front side with a sharp edge.

In addition, the bonds connecting these elements can be located at the maximum possible distance from each other, within these elements.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that, unlike the prototype:

- elements are made with a profile thickness of 2 to 12 mm;

- the ratio of the thickness of the elements to their width is 0.1-1;

- linear mass of elements not less than 0.5 kg / m;

- the smallest distance between the elements is less than the diameter of the cumulative grenade;

- the elements are interconnected by at least two flexible ties fixed above the top element;

- the distance from the front side of the elements to the main armor is at least 150 mm;

- in addition: the bonds can be made shortened in length, for example, in the form of chains; bonds can be made tensile or tensile; the fastening of elements to the bonds can be made of low strength; elements can be made on the front side with a sharpening; communications can be located at the maximum possible distance from each other, within the mentioned elements.

The claimed technical features are significant, as they affect the technical result achieved.

Comparison of technical solutions implemented in the claimed invention with other known technical solutions allows us to conclude that the claimed invention does not explicitly follow from the existing level of technology and, therefore, meets the criterion of "novelty":

1. Improving the operational performance of the protected object is ensured by:

- an exception to the increase in the radius of the overcasting of the screen, for example, when swinging it (the screen) relative to the suspension points, by making the bonds strong and placing them at the maximum possible distance from each other, within the elements;

- the ability of the screen to deviate or rise in contact with an obstacle due to the flexibility and strength of the bonds, making them shortened in length and securing the bonds, and, consequently, the entire lattice screen, above the upper element;

- the ability of the screen to stretch and bend, avoiding irreversible engagement of elements over obstacles due to the flexibility and extensibility of the ties and fixing the screen above the top element;

- the possibility of tearing the elements from the bonds in the case of irreversible engagement with an obstacle while maintaining part of the protective properties of the screen due to the low-strength fastening of the elements to the ties and fixing the trellis screen above the upper element.

2. Improving the usability of the facility is achieved:

- the possibility of deflecting or raising the trellis screen due to the flexibility of the connections and making them reducible in length;

- the possibility of increasing the distance between the elements by performing tensile ties.

3. Improving the security of the object by increasing the destruction efficiency of the anti-tank cumulative grenade is achieved:

- the manifestation of an additional destructive factor due to the flexibility of the bonds, a certain thickness, linear mass and sharpening of elements located on the front side at a distance of at least 150 mm from the main armor;

- reducing the likelihood of a regular operation of a grenade fuse by placing the elements at a distance of at least 150 mm from the front side to the main armor or the fuse interacting with the significantly inclined plane of the element formed by sharpening the element from the front side or with the edge of the point;

- strengthening the effect of cutting grenades due to the sharpening of the front edges of the elements.

4. Improving the security of the object by reducing the likelihood of detonation of an explosive of the cumulative charge of a grenade is provided:

- a decrease in the shock wave in the cumulative grenade, due to the greater flexibility of the trellis screen due to the suspension of elements on flexible connections;

- reducing the force of interaction of the grenade with the screen due to the sharpening of the front edges of the elements.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

- in FIG. 1 shows shielded armor, general view;

- in FIG. 2 shows a fragment of a trellis screen with a chain link;

- in FIG. 3 shows the interaction of the element with a cumulative grenade (top view);

- in FIG. 4 shows a section G-D of FIG. 3;

- in FIG. 5 shows a special case of a cumulative grenade falling at a large angle from the normal to the front plane of the trellis screen, next to the inside of the connection.

The shielded armor consists of the main armor 1 (Fig. 1) and a lattice screen fixed in front of it, consisting of elements 2, interconnected by flexible ties 3, fixed above the upper element. The elements are made with a profile thickness s from 2 to 12 mm, a ratio of thickness s to width h equal to 0.1-1, linear mass of at least 0.5 kg / m. The smallest distance H between the elements is less than the diameter Dк (Fig. 4) of the cumulative grenade, and the distance B (Fig. 1) from the front of the elements 2 to the main armor 1 is at least 150 mm.

In a specific embodiment, the connections 3 are located at the maximum possible distance from each other, within the elements 2.

Elements can have a different profile: strip, trapezoidal, triangular, diamond-shaped, segmented, oval, etc., while they can be bent relative to the minor axis of the profile.

Moreover, the elements can be generally not parallel with respect to each other and the horizon. By parallelism for profiles of elements without parallel planes (for example, an oval profile) from the sides facing other elements, we mean the parallelism of the planes of symmetry of these profiles passing through the major axis of the profile.

In the general case of interaction, as practice shows, the rigid fastening of elements to bonds with the formation of a rigid lattice structure (RF patent No. 6048) does not have a decisive role in the destruction of a cumulative grenade. For the effective destruction of a grenade, a certain mass is needed that is in its path (in the projection of the grenade onto a plane perpendicular to its trajectory).

Since the destruction of a grenade is determined by the part of the mass of element 2 located in the projection of the grenade onto a plane perpendicular to its trajectory, and the length of the element is determined individually for each protected object, one of the distinguishing features of the lattice screen on flexible connections is the linear mass of the element.

A running mass of at least 0.5 kg / m provides the necessary deformation of the grenade fairing with a violation of the fuse’s electrical circuit or the destruction of a cumulative funnel, that is, effective destruction of the grenade.

In a particular embodiment, the connections 3 can be made shortened in length, for example, in the form of chains (Fig. 2). With such connections, the lattice screen can be closed in the vertical direction due to gaps f.

In a particular embodiment, the bonds can be made tensile or tensile. As tensile bonds, steel cables, chains, ribbons of textile materials (polyester, polyester or aramid materials) can be used. As tensile bonds materials such as rubber, polyurethane, etc. can be used.

In a specific embodiment, the fastening of the elements to the bonds can be made of low strength. For example, elements can be attached to strong bonds in the form of chains with a low-strength weld, less strong than the bond strength and its fastening.

In a specific embodiment, the elements 2 can be made on the front side with a sharp edge (Fig. 4). In this case, the sharpening can be one-sided and two-sided. Bilateral sharpening refers to sharpening from the lower and upper sides of the element. In turn, the sharpening can have a different profile. The figure 4 shows a one-sided sharpening of the elements 2 at an angle γ.

Shielded armor works as follows.

If a fuse of a cumulative grenade doesn’t get into element 2, the grenade fairing deforms with a violation of the fuse’s electrical circuit or the cumulative funnel is destroyed, as a result of which the cumulative effect may not occur at all, or the cumulative jet formed under these conditions will have low penetration ability.

In general, when approaching a grenade not normal to the trellis screen and / or not in the plane of its symmetry (Fig. 3), and if the fuse does not hit element 2, the element bends at the point of interaction with the body of the grenade during interaction of the grenade with the element , as a result, there is an increase in the part of the mass of the element acting on the grenade (area B is larger than area A), which provides more effective destruction of the grenade (including its cumulative lining) than in the case of interaction with a rigidly installed rigid solution woven screen according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 6048. Unlike a rigidly installed rigid grid screen, in the general case of interaction, the effect of cutting a grenade is more pronounced than cutting. The grenade additionally slides along the edge of the element. That is, in this case of interaction, an additional destructive factor appears.

The interaction of a cumulative grenade with a trellis screen, which has greater flexibility due to the suspension of elements on flexible couplings, reduces the shock wave in the grenade, which can, in some cases, excite detonation of the explosive cumulative charge of a grenade. Therefore, a lattice screen with flexible connections reduces the probability of detonation of a grenade charge. Reducing the likelihood of detonation also contributes to a decrease in the interaction force of a grenade with a trellised screen due to the sharpening of its elements.

In the particular case of a grenade entering the screen at a large angle from the normal to the front plane of the trellis screen, next to the inside of the connection 3 (Fig. 5), in the direction of this connection, the grenade will not fly tangentially to the element without breaking, as it will be limited in movement along element 2 by bond 3, and the head of the grenade will enter between elements, the smallest distance between which is less than the diameter of the cumulative grenade, and will also be destroyed by them. Therefore, the connections connecting the elements, it is advisable to arrange at the maximum possible distance from each other, within the mentioned elements.

Making connections flexible allows (mainly when installing the screen on the chassis of the object), due to their bending during the interaction of elements with obstacles in the terrain during the movement of the object, to exclude irreversible engagement of elements over obstacles, while retaining the original protective properties of the trellis screen.

If the connections are made abbreviated, for example, in the form of chains (Fig. 2), it is possible to close the lattice screen in the vertical direction due to the gaps f, which ensures the mobility of the components of the external mechanisms of the object (for example, manhole covers when they open) and the crew can quickly access object or to parts of the object requiring operational maintenance, without dismantling the trellis screen. If necessary, the trellis screen can be raised or raised and laid on an object.

In the case of flexible connections being tear-resistant, in the process of interaction of the trellis screen with the situation on the ground when the object overcomes obstacles, damage to the screen is eliminated, while its original protective properties are preserved.

In the case of tensile ties (mainly for the object’s chassis), the likelihood of irreversible engagement of elements over obstacles is reduced, and the possibility of increasing the distance between the elements is ensured, which, in turn, provides crew access, for example, during maintenance to parts of the object located behind the screen, without dismantling it.

In the case of fastening elements to bonds of low strength during the interaction of elements with the situation on the ground, when an object overcomes obstacles, individual elements can come off from communication (connections), while eliminating the loss of the entire lattice screen while maintaining part of its protective properties. The distance between the remaining elements and their original shape will remain unlike a rigidly installed rigid lattice screen, which can be completely torn or bent.

Elements can be made on the front side with a sharpening, which enhances the effect of cutting a cumulative grenade.

When a cumulative grenade hits the edge of the fuse into the plane of the element, formed by sharpening the element from the front side, made at a certain angle, the fuse does not fire, thereby reducing the likelihood of the regular operation of the grenade fuse on the screen as a whole.

If flexible ties are located at the maximum possible distance from each other, within the elements and the bonds are made strong, during the swing of the screen (when the object is moving) or when one of its lower sides is raised in motion from the mesh to prevent an increase in the radius of the overcasting of the screen, since the length of the bond from the point of attachment to the lower element 2 is the largest radius of the overcast at any position of the trellis screen. This makes it possible to use a lattice screen with strong and flexible connections not only on the chassis, but also on the turntable of the facility, where necessary gaps should be provided to the protruding parts of the chassis.

The implementation of the claimed invention will improve operational performance and security of armored vehicles from cumulative anti-tank grenades.

Claims (7)

1. Shielded armor, consisting of the main armor and a lattice screen fixed in front of it at a certain distance, made in the form of a lattice of flat extended metal elements having a certain ratio of thickness and width, fixed at a certain distance from each other and interconnected by bonds located at a certain distance from each other, characterized in that the elements are made with a profile thickness of 2 to 12 mm, the ratio of thickness to width equal to 0.1-1, the linear mass of at least 0.5 kg / m, while the smallest distance between the elements is less than the diameter of the cumulative grenade, the said elements are interconnected by at least two flexible ties fixed above the top element, and the distance from the front side of the elements to the main armor is at least 150 mm. 2. Shielded armor according to claim 1, characterized in that the bonds are made reducible in length, for example in the form of chains. 3. Shielded armor under item 1, characterized in that the connection is made of tensile strength. 4. Shielded armor according to claim 1, characterized in that the bonds are made tensile. 5. Shielded armor according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening of the elements to the bonds is made of low strength. 6. Shielded armor according to claim 1, characterized in that the flat extended elements are made on the front side with a sharp edge. 7. Shielded armor according to claim 1, characterized in that the bonds connecting the said screen elements are located at the maximum possible distance from each other, within the said extended metal elements.

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