RU2655118C1 - Method of manufacturing a ventilation panel that shielding electromagnetic radiation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering and communications.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of radioequipment. Method of manufacturing from thermoplastic polymer material in the form of a filament of a ventilation panel, a shielding EMR having a plurality of ventilation openings separated by bridges, a size smaller than the diameter of the holes, comprising manufacturing a panel from thermoplastic polymer material, metallization of all panel-bound surfaces with metal with high electrical conductivity, manufacturing of a frame, the installation of the metallized panel in a frame from electrically conductive material, wherein the panel is manufactured on a 3D printer having a printhead and table driven by electric motors, when the filament from the thermoplastic polymer material is fed to the printhead with the extruder, the filament is heated in the extruder to the melting point, extruding the melt filament material through the extruder nozzle, layer-by-layer application of the extruded melt material to the surface of the 3D printer working table, when the print head and table move with the help of electric drives managed by the controller, until a predetermined thickness of the ventilation panel with a plurality of ventilation openings is obtained, the distance between the end face of the extruder nozzle and the applied first and subsequent layers of the panel is in the range of 0.4 to 0.8 the thickness of the material extruded from the nozzle, the thickness of the bridges between the openings is a multiple to the diameter of the nozzle, and the manufacturer's logo is executed on the area not containing openings and not exceeding 10 % of their area.

EFFECT: invention can be used in the design of ventilation devices for electronic equipment.

8 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of radio equipment and can be used in the design of cases of electronic equipment with a ventilation device.

A known method of manufacturing a composite ventilation panel shielding electromagnetic radiation (EMP) (US patent No. 6426459 from 07/30/2002), in which a frame of a ventilation shielding panel having fastenings U is made from a sheet of pressed steel by drawing, stamping, folding or another method of cold working -shaped or C-shaped to fix the honeycomb structure. The honeycomb structure is obtained from corrugated strips of electrically conductive material - aluminum or other metal foil with a thickness of 0.039 ... 0.197 mm, followed by assembly of the panel. The disadvantage of this method is the high complexity of manufacturing a honeycomb structure from corrugated foil.

Known air filter in the form of a ventilation panel that shields EMP (application US No. 2005/0132885 from 01.12.2004), intended for use in personal computers, network equipment and other electronic devices. The ventilation panel is made by foaming a thermoplastic polymeric material (polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.) to obtain pores open for air to pass through the panel. The panel is then subjected to vacuum metallization so that the metal layer covers the outer surfaces and the surface of the pores to obtain electrically conductive surfaces. To increase the stiffness of the panel and its fastening in the casing of the apparatus, a metallized panel of polymeric material is placed in a metal frame.

The disadvantage of the method of manufacturing a ventilation panel by foaming a polymer thermoplastic material is that the irregularly shaped pores create a great resistance to the passage of air and significantly reduce the cooling efficiency of the electronic device. In addition, the material does not have electrical conductivity and does not provide shielding of electromagnetic radiation.

The invention is known of a data processing system (US patent No. 6252161 from 11/22/1999), which uses an EMR shielding electronic device with a panel of electrically conductive polymer material having holes (round, multifaceted, or a combination thereof). The panel is made by casting with the formation of holes, casting, followed by cutting holes or extruding with the formation of holes.

The disadvantage of this method of manufacturing a panel of an electrically conductive polymer is the need to manufacture an expensive casting mold or a mold for extruding a polymer material. This method can be effective only for large-scale or mass production.

A known method of manufacturing products on a 3D printer (application WO 2015/189661 from 12/17/2015, p. 4, paragraph 0008) from a polymeric material in the form of a filament. The solid filament is fed from the coil by a roll feed device into the extruder channel of the 3D printer's print head, where the filament material is heated to the melting temperature, the molten material is extruded through the nozzle and the layers are applied sequentially to obtain the product.

The disadvantage of this method is that the manufactured product does not have electrical conductivity and does not provide shielding of electromagnetic radiation.

Known ventilation panel shielding EMR, and a method for its manufacture (US patent No. 6870092 from 12/04/2002). The ventilation panel is made of a thermoplastic polymer material (polypropylene, polyethylene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), etc.) by casting a panel with many through-holes under pressure or injection molding into a mold with subsequent coating of its external surfaces and surfaces of the holes with a layer of electrically conductive material that can be selected from the group of metals (copper, zinc, tin, nickel, etc.). A second layer may be applied to the first layer of the electrically conductive material. The holes in the panel can have a variety of shapes (round, elliptical, triangular, rhomboid, square, rectangular, hexagonal, or combinations of holes of various shapes).

The disadvantage of the method of manufacturing ventilation panels is the complexity and high cost of molds for injection molding or injection molding, its low efficiency for small-scale production of panels of various designs due to the impossibility of their manufacture without creating new expensive molds.

The technical task of the invention is to reduce the complexity of the method of manufacturing shielding electromagnetic radiation ventilation panels of various designs from thermoplastic polymer material in small-scale production.

The technical problem is solved in a method of manufacturing a panel of a thermoplastic polymeric material that shields electromagnetic radiation, having a plurality of ventilation holes separated by jumpers smaller than the diameter of the holes, including manufacturing a panel with holes; metallization with metal with high electrical conductivity of all surfaces bounding the panel and surfaces of a plurality of ventilation openings; manufacturing a frame of electrically conductive material; installation of a metallized panel in the frame; at the same time, a ventilation panel is made on a 3D printer having a table driven by electric motors and a print head, by layer-by-layer deposition of extrudable molten material on the surface of the 3D printer’s desktop or on a substrate laid on the table, to form the first and subsequent layers to obtain a given thickness of the ventilation panel with many ventilation holes during the movements of the print head and table using electric drives controlled by the controller, when filing from thermoplastic polymer black material in the print head with an extruder; heating the filament in the extruder to the melting temperature of the polymer material; extruding molten material through an extruder nozzle, with a distance between the end face of the extruder nozzle and the applied layer of the ventilation panel in the range 0.2 ... 0.5 of the nozzle diameter with respect to the thickness of the lintels and the nozzle diameter selected from the interval 4 ... 10.

To ensure a given shielding level of at least 40 dB, the panel is made of a filament of an electrically conductive thermoplastic polymer material.

With this method, it is possible to produce ventilation panels of electronic devices having a square, rectangular, hexagonal, round, oval shape with ventilation holes of a round, oval, square, rectangular, hexagonal shape.

To reduce resistance to air movement through the ventilation holes they are perpendicular to the first and second planes.

To increase ventilation efficiency without loss of electromagnetic radiation shielding efficiency, the ventilation holes are made mutually parallel and can be inclined to the first and second planes of the panel at an angle not exceeding 45 °.

To increase the productivity of 3D printing, ventilation holes are performed in parallel rows in a rectangular coordinate system.

In the central area of the panel, which occupies no more than 10% of the area of the panel occupied by the holes, the manufacturer's logo is executed.

The technical effect - reducing the complexity of the method of manufacturing shielding electromagnetic radiation ventilation panels of various designs from thermoplastic polymer material in small-scale production - is achieved due to the following new distinctive features of the method: a ventilation panel is made on a 3D printer having a table driven by electric motors and a print head, layer-by-layer application extrudable molten material to the surface of the desktop 3D printer or laid th table on a substrate to form first and subsequent layers to obtain the desired thickness of the ventilation panel with a plurality of ventilation openings during movement of the print head and the table using actuators controlled by the controller; when filing a filament from a thermoplastic polymer material into a printhead with an extruder; heating the filament in the extruder to the melting temperature of the polymer material; extruding molten material through an extruder nozzle, with a distance between the end face of the extruder nozzle and the applied layer of the ventilation panel in the range 0.2 ... 0.5 of the nozzle diameter with respect to the thickness of the lintels and the nozzle diameter selected from the interval 4 ... 10.

To ensure a given shielding level of at least 40 dB, the panel is made of a filament of an electrically conductive thermoplastic polymer material.

This set of distinctive features was not found during the patent information search, therefore, the invention meets the criterion of "novelty." Since the proposed method of manufacturing a ventilation panel is not known and does not follow clearly from the prior art, the invention meets the criterion of "inventive step".

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a 3D printer during printing of a ventilation panel from a melt of a thermoplastic polymeric material.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows the filing process of a thermoplastic electrically conductive polymer material for printing a ventilation panel on a 3D printer.

In FIG. 3 shows the process of extruding the filament in the manufacture of the panel.

In FIG. 4 - fragment A in FIG. 3.

In FIG. 5 shows a ventilation panel with round holes made on a 3D printer.

In FIG. 6 is a section BB in FIG. 5.

In FIG. 7 shows the assembly process of a ventilation panel manufactured on a 3D printer from a thermoplastic polymer electrically conductive material with a frame.

In FIG. 8 - ventilation panel made of thermoplastic electrically conductive material assembled with a frame.

In FIG. 9 is a cross-section BB in FIG. 8.

In FIG. 10 - ventilation panel with a logo made in the center.

A manufacturing method on a 3D printer (Fig. 1-4) of a ventilation panel 1 shielding electromagnetic radiation having a plurality of ventilation holes 2 of diameter D (Fig. 3), separated by jumpers 3 of thickness T, smaller than the diameter D of holes 2, includes: filing 4 from a thermoplastic polymeric material in a solid state to a printhead 5 with an extruder 6; heating the filament 4 in the extruder 6 to a melting point; extruding molten filament material 4 through the nozzle 7 (FIG. 4) of the extruder 6, for example, a thermoplastic electrically conductive material, for example, “Conductive Flexible TPU” or “Electrifi”, or “ABS conductive” (http://www.blackmagic3d.com/Conductive -p / bm3d-tpu-175.html; https://www.multi3dllc.com/product/electrifi-3d-printing-filament/; http://rusabs.ru/collection/Conductive) having a surface coated with a layer metal with high electrical conductivity (copper, nickel, etc.); layer-by-layer deposition of molten material extruded through the nozzle 7 of the extruder 6 onto the surface of the desktop 8 of the 3D printer (Fig. 1, 2) or a substrate (not shown) laid on the table 8, with the movements of the printhead 5 and table 8 using electric drives 9a, 9b (Fig. 1), controlled by a controller (not shown), for the formation of the first and subsequent layers to obtain a given thickness of the ventilation panel 1 with many ventilation holes 2, with a distance δ (Fig. 4) between the end face of the nozzle 7 of the extruder 6 and the first and subsequent layers n Aneli 1, which is in the range of 0.2 ... 0.5 of the material thickness δ = (0.2 ... 0.5) d. When δ <0.2d, the resistance of the molten material to extrusion increases significantly and the productivity of the 3D printer is significantly reduced, and when δ> 0.5d the density of the panel material decreases, and therefore the strength of the extruded from the nozzle 7 with a diameter d, and the thickness T of the jumpers 3 between holes 2 is a multiple of the diameter d of the nozzle 7 so that T / d = k, where k is an integer number of diameters of the nozzle 7, determined based on the given strength of the panel 1 and selected from the range 4 ... 10. At k <4, the strength is low, and at k> 10, the total area of the ventilation openings decreases and, accordingly, the ventilation efficiency. Then metallization is carried out with metal (copper, nickel, etc.) with high electrical conductivity of all surfaces bounding the panel 1: mutually parallel to the first surface 10, the second surface 11 and the closed side surface 12 perpendicular to them, as well as the surfaces of the plurality of holes 2; the manufacture of the frame 13 from an electrically conductive material; installation made on a 3D printer and a metallized panel 1 in the frame 13 (Fig. 7).

With the same sequence of actions as in the manufacture of panel 1 from a non-conductive polymer material, a panel 1 is made of an electrically conductive thermoplastic polymer material.

In the same sequence of actions, a panel 1 is made having a square (Fig. 1, 2, 5, 10), rectangular or round shape (not shown) in a plan with round (Fig. 1, 2, 5), square (Fig. 7 , 10), oval, rectangular or hexagonal (not shown) ventilation holes 2, perpendicular to its first and second planes 10 and 11 (Fig. 6) or mutually parallel and inclined to the first and second planes 10 and 11 of panel 1 at an angle not exceeding 45 ° (Fig. 9).

On the panel area that does not contain holes and does not exceed 10% of their area, logo 14 (Fig. 10) of the manufacturer of the ventilation panel is executed.

Claims (8)

1. A method of manufacturing a ventilation panel of a thermoplastic polymeric material that shields electromagnetic radiation, having a plurality of ventilation holes separated by jumpers smaller than the diameter of the holes, comprising manufacturing a panel with holes, metallization with high conductivity metal of all surfaces and surfaces of a plurality of ventilation holes, making a frame of electrically conductive material, installation of a metallized panel in a frame, characterized by m, that they produce a panel on a 3D printer having a table driven by electric motors and a print head, layer-by-layer deposition of extrudable molten material on the surface of the 3D printer’s desktop or on a substrate laid on the table, to form the first and subsequent layers to obtain a given thickness of the ventilation panel with many ventilation holes during the movements of the print head and table using electric drives controlled by the controller, when filing from a thermoplastic polymer material in a printhead with an extruder, heating the filament in the extruder to the melting temperature of the polymer material, extruding the molten material through the extruder nozzle, with a distance between the end face of the extruder nozzle and the applied layer of the ventilation panel in the range of 0.2-0.5 nozzle diameter with respect to the thickness of the jumpers and a nozzle diameter selected from an interval of 4-10. 2. The manufacturing method according to p. 1, characterized in that the panel is made of an electrically conductive thermoplastic polymeric material. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the manufacture of a panel having a square, rectangular or circular shape in plan. 4. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the manufacture of a panel having round, oval, square, rectangular or hexagonal ventilation holes. 5. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the manufacture of a panel having ventilation holes perpendicular to its first and second surfaces. 6. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the manufacture of a panel having ventilation holes mutually parallel and inclined to the first and second surfaces of the panel at an angle not exceeding 45 °. 7. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the manufacture of a panel with ventilation holes located in parallel rows in a rectangular coordinate system. 8. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the manufacture of the panel, in the Central region of which, occupying no more than 10% of the area of the panel occupied by the holes, perform the logo of the manufacturer.

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