RU2654370C1 - Method of measuring the level of water in the well and the device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: test and measurement equipment.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions refers to acoustic methods of measurement and control and can be used to determine the level of fluid in wells, wells and reservoirs. Method for measuring the water level using an acoustic proximity sensor includes the supply of a sound signal through an open wellhead, the reception of a reflected signal, and the calculation of the time of passage of the depth signal of the water mirror. Before using the level gauge, it is calibrated with a high-precision level, contact type, and corrected by introducing a correction factor, and from the received reflected sound signal, the signal having the largest travel time with the largest amplitude is extracted and the depth calculation is performed using this signal. Apparatus comprises a receiver-emitter located in a common housing and a main device comprising a controller to which an indicator and a charge generator are connected, as well as a radiation scheme, a receiving signal amplifier, a switch, a timer, an ADC, and a memory.

EFFECT: increasing the accuracy of measuring the liquid level in the well by eliminating the effect of interference from clutches and sub-bows changing the diameter of the well on the results of measurements and expanding the nomenclature of funds of a certain purpose.

6 cl, 8 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The group of inventions relates to acoustic methods of measurement and control and can be used to determine the level of liquid in wells, wells and reservoirs.

A device for measuring the level of water in a well according to the patent of the Russian Federation for utility model No. 2115892, IPC ЕВВ 47/04, publ. January 10, 2004

This device for measuring the liquid level in the well contains a drum, a galvanometer, a power source, a graduated measuring cable, a ground contact and a tip with a sound-forming surface located on its front end and an electrode mounted in it, characterized in that the sound-forming surface is made in the form of an open bell-shaped cavity inside which the electrode is placed, while the tip of the electrode is recessed relative to the front end of the tip.

Disadvantages: the need to use a geophysical cable, which significantly increases the time of measurement and the cost of equipment.

A known method and device for measuring the water level in a well according to the patent of the Russian Federation for the invention No. 2115892, IPC G01F 23/296, publ. 20.076.1998

The method provides for the emission of an acoustic sounding pulse and the registration of signals reflected from the pipe coupling joints and from the surface of the fluid in the well. In this case, the couplings perform the function of fixed reflector-rappers. The depth of the location of any of the couplings is determined according to the passport of the well by the known shoulder length of the drill pipes located above this coupling joint. The acoustic level gauge contains a pulse generator, an amplifier, a switch, and a reversible acoustic transducer connected in series to the well. The switch is connected to the comparison unit through a low-pass filter. The outputs of the comparison unit are connected to the recording unit and the microprocessor. The microprocessor is connected to a pulse generator, a low-pass filter, and a comparison unit. The proposed method and device greatly simplify the measurement process while maintaining high accuracy and reliability of determining the level.

Disadvantages: relatively low accuracy of measuring the liquid level in the well due to the influence of fluctuations in temperature and air pressure in the annulus on the speed of sound and interference from couplings and sub, changing the diameter of the well on the measurement results. This device was also used most often in oil wells with internal space buried from atmospheric air, as a result of which conditions of rarefaction of the gas mixture in the measured volume of space can be created, creating additional errors. Another disadvantage of this method is its highly specialized application, since communication with the internal space of the well occurs through a narrow tight insert in the column. In addition, the level is determined mainly by reference to reflections from the coupling joints, since pressure can change in the measured space in an unpredictable way.

Objectives of the invention: increasing the accuracy of measuring the liquid level in the well and reducing the influence of interference on the measurement results and expanding the range of means for a specific purpose (water level meters).

Technical result: improving the accuracy of measuring the liquid level in the well by eliminating the influence of interference from couplings and sub, changing the diameter of the well on the measurement results.

The solution of these problems, namely, level measurement in widespread hydrogeological wells, was achieved in a method for measuring the water level in a well using a soundless non-contact level gauge, including supplying an audio signal through an open wellhead, receiving a reflected signal and calculating the time of passage of the signal for the depth of the water mirror , the fact that before using the soundless contactless level gauge, it is calibrated by a high-precision level gauge, for example, a contact type, and correction is carried out by introducing a correction factor, and from the received reflected sound signal, the signal having the longest travel time with the largest amplitude is extracted, and the level depth is calculated using this signal.

The solution of these problems was achieved in a device for measuring the water level in a well containing a receiver - emitter located in a common housing, and a main device containing a controller, to which an indicator and a charge generator are connected via communication channels, to the output of which a radiation circuit is connected, and the output of a receiving amplifier signal and switch, in that the controller contains a timer and an ADC connected to each other, and memory, and the outputs from the switch are connected to the inputs of the charging generator and the radiation circuit.

A device for measuring the level of water in a well may include a power source in the body of the main device, connected by electric wires to the controller, a pulse generator, and a receiving signal amplifier. A device for measuring water level in a well may include a measurement mode enable button located on the housing. A device for measuring the water level in a well may include two correction buttons to increase and decrease the correction factor. A device for measuring water level in a well may include a write button to the controller's memory.

The invention is illustrated by drawings (Fig. 1-8), where:

- in FIG. 1 shows a General block diagram of a device

- in FIG. 2 shows a detailed block diagram of a charging generator,

- in FIG. 3 shows the design of the receiver-emitter,

- in FIG. 4 is a view A of FIG. 3

- in FIG. 5 shows the algorithm of the water level meter,

- in FIG. 6 shows a diagram of the installation of the device in the well, the first option,

- in FIG. 7 shows a diagram of the installation of the device in the well, the second option,

- in FIG. 8 is a diagram of a reflected signal.

The device for measuring water in the well (Fig. 1) is a receiver-emitter 1, made in a common housing 2 and the main device 3. The receiver-emitter 1 and the main device 3 are connected by cable 4.

The main device 3 contains a controller 5, which includes an ADC 6 (analog-to-digital converter), a timer 7 and a memory 8. In addition, the main device 3 has an indicator 9 connected to the controller 5 by a communication line 10.

The input of the charging generator 11 and the output of the amplifier 12 are also connected to the controller 5. The radiation circuit 13 is connected to the output of the charging generator 11. The main device 3 includes a switch 14 which is connected by its outputs to the input to the controller 5, to the charging generator 11, and to the radiation circuit 13.

The receiver-emitter 1 contains a speaker 15 and a microphone unit 16.

The composition of the main device 3 includes a power supply 17 (battery type Crohn). The power supply 17 by electrical wires 18 is connected to the controller 5, amplifier 12, charge generator 11 and switch 14.

The main unit 3 has four buttons:

Control button 19,

Correction button “-” 20,

Correction button "+" 21,

Record Button 22.

The correction buttons 20-22 are designed to reduce and increase the correction factor in the process of periodically calibrating the device and entering it into memory. The charging generator 11 (Fig. 2) contains a high-voltage generator 23, to the output of which a capacitor 24 is connected, and a variable resistor 25 to the power input.

In FIG. 3 and 4 show in more detail the design of the receiver-emitter 1, which contains a conical-shaped housing 2 with a parabolic-shaped cover 26 on which a speaker 15 and a microphone unit 16 are fixed.

In FIG. 5 shows the algorithm of the device.

In FIG. 6 shows the installation diagram of the device, more precisely the emitter-receiver 1, in the well, the first option. In the well 27, a casing 28 is installed having couplings 29. On the surface 30, a mouth 31 is made. The water level is shown in pos. 32.

In FIG. 7 shows a diagram of the installation of the device in the well 27, the second option. Casing 28 has an adapter 33 from a large diameter to a smaller one.

In FIG. 8 is a graph of reflected signal 34 over time.

Peaks 35 of the signals reflected from the couplings 29 and a signal with a maximum amplitude of 36 reflected from the surface of the water are visible.

DEVICE OPERATION

The device with the working name - "UZBK-250" - a soundless non-contact sound level meter is designed to measure the liquid level in wells in the range of 5-250 m by the reflected sound signal. When developing the device, the task of creating a compact, convenient device for measuring levels in hydrogeological wells was solved. The main working function is performed by controller 5. The controller 5 circuit also includes a timer 7 and ADC 6. The device consists of a receiver - emitter 1 and the main device 3, which are connected by a multi-core cable 4 3 m long (Fig. 6). The receiver-emitter 1 is installed at the mouth 31 of the well 27 (Fig. 6 and 7).

The main device 3 is powered by a 9V Krona battery — a power supply 17 (Fig. 1).

The current consumption is 3 mA in the mode of viewing values and 100 mA in the charging mode of the capacitor 24 (Fig. 2). Management of the operating functions of the device is carried out through the control buttons 19-22 (Fig. 1). To enable the measurement mode, use button 19 - operation.

When pressed, a measurement work cycle and controller 5 are performed for 2 seconds. supplies power to the high-voltage generator - 23, and then produces a pulse radiation and within 2 seconds receives all the reflected signals.

Controller 5 calculates the distance to the water level according to the formula H = 0.5 T × C,

where: N - distance to the water mirror - level,

T is the travel time of the signal,

C is the speed of sound in air.

The speed of sound depends on the air temperature and can be determined from the table. one.

To eliminate the temperature error, a calibration function was introduced, and we proceed from the assumption that the air temperature in all wells of a hydrogeological purpose is constant.

The radiation power is controlled by controlling the magnitude of the charge current in the range of 20-100 mA, for which a variable resistor 25 is used, which is included in the power circuit of the high-voltage generator 23 (Fig. 2). Measurements should be started with a minimum or close to it radiation power until reliable repeatable readings are obtained. After charging the capacitor 24, a control pulse is applied to the radiation circuit -13 and a high-voltage voltage pulse is supplied to the speaker 15. The speaker 15 is located in a metal cone 2 in a conical shape to reduce electromagnetic interference. In the same housing 2 is located and the receiver of the reflected signals - the microphone unit 16, which is a sensitive microphone amplifier threshold type. The emitter at the time of measurement is located at the level of the wellhead. After the radiation of the working pulse, the controller 5 for 2 seconds. fixes and records in memory 8 times and amplitudes of all reflections from inhomogeneities in the well. To view the entire array of measured values, there is a correction button 20, a consecutive click on which will cause the depth of all reflections and their amplitudes to be displayed on the screen, starting from the last. According to the algorithm, the controller 5 selects the last surface with the highest reflection coefficient from the measured value array and displays the value on the screen as the measured value of the distance to the water mirror in centimeters. There is also a depth correction function, which consists in fitting the level gauge to the control values by introducing and recording an additional factor in the memory. The depth correction range is selected +/- 5 m. To enter the correction factor, use the correction buttons 20 and 21, respectively, to increase and decrease the multiplier. For the calibration-correction operation, it is necessary to know the exact value of the water level in a given well, measured by a contact type level gauge. We click on the correction button 21 and an increase in the correction factor is displayed on the screen of the indicator 9. To carry out the correction operation, you should always first press the correction button 21, since the button 20 also serves to view the array of measurements. We stop at a certain value and make a measurement. We perform the operation until the measured value coincides with the control value. At the end of the operation, press the record button 22 and write the correction factor to the controller memory. In the future, the need for correction disappears and you can use the correction button 20 only to view the array of measurements, if necessary.

The use of such a device greatly simplifies the process of measuring levels in wells with sufficient accuracy, does not require winding equipment. And it also allows you to get the result in conditions where the contact level gauge is powerless, for example, when the depressurization of the column and the presence of flows in the cavity of the well or transitions of pipe diameters in the dry part of the well.

The use of a group of inventions allowed:

- to improve the accuracy of measuring the liquid level in the well due to the periodic calibration of the device and entering into its memory a correction factor,

- eliminating the influence of interference from couplings and sub, changing the diameter of the borehole, on the measurement results by introducing into the control algorithm the selection of a signal having a maximum travel time.

- reduce the power consumption of the device through the use of modern microcircuits,

- expand the range of water level meters in the well.

Manufactured and tested a prototype device - "UZBK-250."

Claims (6)

1. The method of measuring the water level in the well using a soundless non-contact level gauge, including supplying an audio signal through the open wellhead, receiving a reflected signal and calculating the time of passage of the signal depth of the water mirror, characterized in that before using the soundless level gauge, it is calibrated by a high-precision level gauge , for example, of the contact type, and the correction is carried out by introducing a correction factor, and from the received reflected sound signal, a signal having the longest travel time with the greatest amplitude and the calculation of the depth of the well are made using this signal. 2. A device for measuring the water level in a well, comprising a receiver-emitter located in a common housing, and a main device containing a controller, to which an indicator, a charge generator are connected via communication channels, to the output of which a radiation circuit is connected, an output of a receiving signal amplifier and a switch characterized in that the controller contains a timer and an ADC connected to each other, and a memory, and the outputs from the switch are connected to the inputs of the charging generator and the radiation circuit. 3. A device for measuring the water level in a well according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a power source in the body of the main device, connected by electric wires to the controller, a charge generator and a receiving signal amplifier. 4. A device for measuring the water level in a well according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises an operation mode enable button located on the housing. 5. A device for measuring water level in a well according to claim 2, characterized in that it contains two correction buttons for increasing and decreasing the correction factor. 6. A device for measuring water level in a well according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a button for writing to the controller’s RAM.

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