RU2654291C1 - Underwater nuclear gas pumping station - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to underwater development of offshore oil and gas fields and is designed to transport natural gas through subsea pipelines. Underwater nuclear gas pumping station contains the first and the second circuits of steam production and use, a steam bypass system from one circuit to the other circuit, the first and the second steam condensers. Each of the two circuits comprises a nuclear steam-generating plant (NSGP), a steam distributor (SD), a steam-turbine compressor plant (STCP) and a steam-turbine electric plant (STEP). In each of the two circuits the pipeline of steam removal from the NSGP is connected to the SD inlet, the first pipeline of steam removal from the SD is connected to the STCP inlet, and the second pipeline of steam removal – to the STEP inlet, pipelines of steam supply and removal to the STCP and the STEP, pipelines of steam removal and feedwater supply to the NSGP are connected by plug-in connections to the corresponding inlet and outlet nozzles of the STCP, the STEP and the NSGP. Pipelines of steam removal from the STCP of the first circuit and the STCP of the second circuit are connected to the first steam condenser, and the pipelines of steam removal from the STEP of the first circuit and the STEP of the second circuit are connected to the second steam condenser.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to increase the operational reliability and the economical efficiency of the station.

5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of underwater arrangement of offshore oil and gas fields and is intended for the transportation of natural gas through underwater pipelines.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is an atomic subsea gas pumping station containing a housing divided by solid bulkheads into sealed compartments, on average of which a water-water atomic reactor is installed, connected by steam pipelines to gas turbochargers located on aggregate frames in adjacent to the reactor compartments. The receiving and pressure branches of the turbocharger gas pipelines pass through the double-sided space and are connected to the baffles of the docking stations of the station with the main gas pipeline located in the keel of the station (see patent RU 2154231, F17D 1/065, B63H 21/18, 08/10/2000).

The disadvantage of the above technical solution is the lack of uninterrupted operation of the gas pumping station, because when any type of equipment of a nuclear subsea gas pumping station stops or fails, it is necessary to stop the operation of the field, which is unacceptable under the conditions of production at the gas field.

The technical result of the claimed submarine nuclear pumping station (PAGS) is to increase its operational reliability and economic efficiency.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the underwater atomic gas pumping station contains the first and second circuits for the production and use of steam, a system for transferring steam from one circuit to another circuit, the first and second steam condensers, each of the circuits containing an atomic steam generator (APGU), a steam distributor (PA), a steam turbine compressor installation (PTKU) and a steam turbine electrical installation (PTEU), in each of the two circuits, the steam exhaust pipe from the APGU is connected to the steam input, the first pipeline steam supply from the steam is connected to the input of the PTKU, and the second steam removal pipe to the input of the PTEU, the steam supply and drain pipes to the PTKU and PTEU, the steam drain and feed water to the APGU are connected by detachable connections to the corresponding input and output pipes of the PTKU, PTEU and APGU, in addition, PTKU, APGU, STAR of the first and second circuits, as well as the first and second capacitors are enclosed in sealed insulated housings, pipelines of the steam bypass system and pipelines connecting the elements of the circuits to each other and steam condensers are provided with insulating coating and, in addition, a pair of drain piping TAP TAP first circuit and second circuit are connected to the first capacitor pair and the pair of drain piping PTEU PTEU first side and the second circuit connected to the second capacitor pair.

The steam bypass system from one circuit to another circuit includes a first steam bypass pipe between the first steam exhaust pipe from the steam circuit of the first circuit and the second steam exhaust pipe from the second circuit steam circuit, a second steam bypass pipe between the second steam pipe from the steam circuit of the second circuit and the first the pipeline for the removal of steam from the steam of the second circuit, as well as the third pipeline for transferring steam between the pipeline for removing steam from the first gas control unit and the pipe for removing steam from the second gas control unit.

Steam bypass piping is equipped with shut-off valves.

The pipelines for supplying and discharging steam to the PTKU and PTEU of the first and second circuits, as well as the pipelines for discharging steam and feeding feed water to the automatic control system of the first and second circuits, are equipped with shut-off valves.

The gas pumping station may be located on the bottom platform equipped with ballast and anchor systems.

The claimed invention allows to increase operational reliability and economic efficiency by ensuring the possibility of uninterrupted operation of PAGS in case of failure of one or more types of equipment in different circuits. The presence in PAGS of two circuits with a steam bypass system from one circuit to another circuit, as well as the connection of all pipelines for steam removal and supply of feed water using detachable connections with the corresponding inputs and outputs of PTKU, PTEU and APGU, allows you to disconnect any equipment for repair or replacement without stopping the operation of PAGS.

Increasing operational reliability and economic efficiency is envisioned through two circuits for the production and use of steam (hereinafter referred to as circuits). More than two circuits are allowed. This will allow PAGS to be in operational condition even during emergency decommissioning of several types of equipment in different circuits. The efficiency of PAGS is increased due to the separation of the steam produced in each gas processing unit into two steam consumers: a PTKU drive and a PTEU drive that provides PAGS electric consumers. PAGS can also provide the ability to supply electricity to consumers at fields outside PAGS (downhole equipment, pumping equipment, etc.).

PAGS provides a highly efficient and reliable power supply to underwater facilities for the arrangement of offshore gas field facilities with maximum autonomy of their operation. This is currently a problem for offshore fields, especially those located in harsh Arctic conditions, such as the Shtokman field, 650 km offshore.

Sealed thermally insulated bodies and heat-insulating coating of pipelines ensures minimization of heat loss in PAGS and, therefore, increases operational reliability and economic efficiency.

The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated in the drawing.

The drawing shows a diagram of PAGS.

In the drawing, the dashed-dotted line shows the steam pipelines, and the dash-dotted line with two points of the electric cable.

PAGS contains two duplicating circuits for the production and use of steam, a system for transferring steam from one circuit to another circuit, a piping system with shut-off valves, a first condenser and a second condenser.

The first circuit contains a steam turbine compressor installation (PTKU) 1, steam turbine electrical installation (PTEU) 2, an atomic steam generator installation (APGU) 3, and a steam distributor (PAR) 4.

The second circuit contains PTKU 5, PTEU 6, APGU 7 and PAR 8.

Each of the PTKU 1 and PTKU 5 has a sealed heat-insulated casing, inside which is a gas compressor and a steam turbine unit.

Each of the PTEU 2 and PTEU 6 has a sealed heat-insulated casing, inside of which there is a steam turbine and an electric generator.

Each of APGU 3 and APGU 7 has a sealed heat-insulated casing, in which there is a nuclear reactor and a steam generator.

Each of PAR 4 and PAR 8 has a sealed insulated casing.

Steam 4 has a steam inlet connected to the steam exhaust pipe from APGU 3, and two steam exits, while the first steam outlet is connected to the steam supply pipe to the PTKU 1 steam turbine unit, and the second steam outlet is connected to the steam supply pipe to the PTEU 2 steam turbine .

Steam 8 has a steam inlet connected to the steam exhaust pipe from APGU 7 and two steam outlets, with the first steam outlet connected to the steam supply pipe to the PTKU 5 steam turbine unit, and the second steam outlet to the steam supply pipe to the PTEU 6 steam turbine.

Pipelines for the removal of steam from PTKU 1 of the first circuit and PTKU 5 of the second circuit are connected to the first steam condenser 9.

Pipelines for the removal of steam from PTEU 2 of the first circuit and PTEU 6 of the second circuit are connected to the second steam condenser 10.

The steam bypass system from one circuit to another circuit includes three steam bypass pipelines, namely:

- the first pipe 11 bypass steam between the first pipe for the removal of steam from the steam 4 of the first circuit and the second pipe for the removal of steam from the steam 8 of the second circuit;

- a second pipeline 12 for steam bypass between the second pipeline for the removal of steam from the steam 4 of the first circuit and the first pipe of steam removal from the steam 8 of the second circuit;

- the third pipeline 13 steam bypass between the pipeline for the removal of steam from APGU 3 of the first circuit and the pipe for the removal of steam from APGU 7 of the second circuit.

The first steam bypass pipe 11 is provided with a shut-off valve 14, the second steam bypass pipe 12 is provided with a shut-off valve 15, and the third steam bypass pipe 13 is equipped with a shut-off valve 16.

The steam supply and exhaust pipelines in PTKU 1 and PTKU 5 are equipped with shut-off valves and are connected to the input and output steam nozzles of PTKU 1 and PTKU 5 by means of detachable connections.

The steam supply and exhaust pipelines in the PTEU 2 and PTEU 6 are equipped with shut-off valves and are connected to the inlet and outlet steam nozzles of the PTEU 2 and PTEU 6 through detachable connections.

Pipelines for steam removal and feed water supply to АПГУ 3 and АПГУ 7 are equipped with shut-off valves and are connected to outlet steam pipes and outlet pipes of feed water АПГУ 3 and АПГУ 7 by means of detachable connections.

Pipelines of the steam bypass system and pipelines connecting the elements of the modules to each other and to the steam condensers are provided with a heat-insulating coating, for example, based on ceramic microspheres.

Shelter of equipment under water can be either autonomous - for each type of equipment, or general for PAGS. General shelter for PAGS is possible both with and without a pressure chamber, i.e. Wet shelter.

PAGS can be located on the bottom platform 17, equipped with a ballast system 18 and an anchor system 19, which ensures the possibility of its operation in underwater, surface position and at the bottom. Anchor system 19 is designed to stabilize PAGS in underwater and surface positions in an offshore field. Moreover, the claimed invention can be used not only under water, but also may not have a ballast and anchor system, but can be located on the upper structure of the offshore platform or on other surface gas field structures, which ensures increased autonomy and reliability of power supply to surface and underwater objects of the offshore oil and gas field .

The electric generators PTEU 2 and PTEU 6 are connected by electric cables to an electric distribution device (ERU) 20, through which electricity is supplied to PAGS and underwater power consumers (PEP) 21 and 22 outside of PAGS.

In normal mode, an autonomous gas pumping station operates as follows.

In each of APGU 3 and APGU 7, steam is generated by the thermal energy generated in a nuclear reactor.

The steam from the steam generator APGU 3 of the first circuit enters the PAIR 4 of the first circuit, and the steam from the steam generator APGU 7 of the second circuit enters the PAIR 8 of the second circuit.

From PAR 4 of the primary circuit, steam is distributed through thermally insulated pipelines to the steam turbine PTEU 2 and to the steam turbine unit PTKU 1, namely: steam from the first output of PAR 4 is supplied to the input of the steam turbine unit PTKU 1 of the primary circuit, and from the second output of PAR 4 steam turbine PTEU 2 of the primary circuit.

From steam 8 of the second circuit, steam is distributed through thermally insulated pipelines to the steam turbine PTEU 6 and to the steam turbine unit PTKU 5, namely: steam from the first output of steam 8 is fed to the input of the steam turbine PTEU 6 of the second circuit, and from the second output of steam 8 is fed to the input steam turbine unit ПТКУ 5 of the second circuit.

In PTEU 2 and PTEU 6, a steam turbine drives an electric generator, which converts the kinetic energy of rotation of the generator rotor into electric current. Electricity is generated, which is fed through electric cables to the input of the ERU 20, through which PAGS is supplied with electric power, as well as PES 21 and PES 22. The presence of PTEU in PAGS provides autonomous operation of the gas pumping station, independent of external sources of electricity.

Steam turbine units PTKU 1 and PTKU 5 drive a gas compressor that converts the kinetic energy of rotation of the compressor rotor into the kinetic energy of the pumped gas. Compressed gas from PTKU 1 and PTKU 5 is supplied to the consumer.

The spent steam from the steam turbine unit ПТКУ 1 and the exhaust steam from the steam turbine unit ПТКУ 5 enters the input of the first steam condenser 9.

In the condenser 9, the exhaust steam is cooled and condensed by means of a cooler, which can be used outside water.

Condensed spent steam from the steam turbine unit ПТКУ 1 comes from the steam condenser 9 as feed water to the steam generator АПГУ 3.

Condensed spent steam from the steam turbine unit ПТКУ 5 enters from the steam condenser 9 as feed water to the steam generator АПГУ 7.

The exhaust steam from the steam turbine PTEU 2 and the exhaust steam from the steam turbine PTEU 6 enters the second steam condenser 10.

In the condenser 10, the exhaust steam is cooled and condensed by means of a cooler, which can be used outside water.

Condensed spent steam steam turbine PTEU 2 comes from the steam condenser 10 as feed water to the steam generator APGU 3.

Condensed spent steam steam turbine PTEU 6 comes from a steam condenser 10 as feed water into the inlet pipe of the steam generator APGU 7.

The location of the underwater autonomous gas pumping station on the platform 17, equipped with a ballast system 18 and the anchor system 19, provides the possibility of surfacing or immersion of the station for rotation, maintenance and repair of equipment.

PAGS can work in underwater and in surface position. Changing the position of the station is carried out using the anchor system, as well as using ballast systems. Under favorable conditions in the offshore field, in the absence of a storm, ice, iceberg approach, it is possible to use the station in a surface position. Under adverse weather conditions, the station will be operated underwater.

During normal operation, the shut-off valve 14, the shut-off valve 15 and the shut-off valve 16, with which the pipelines of the steam bypass system are equipped, are closed.

If it is necessary to repair PTKU 1 of the primary circuit, PAGS is transferred to the surface position. Then close the shut-off valve installed on the steam supply pipe in PTKU 1, and the shut-off valve installed on the steam exhaust pipe from PTKU 1. Open the shut-off valve 14 on the first bypass pipe. Thus, the steam generated by the steam generator APGU 3 of the primary circuit is fed through the first steam bypass pipe to the input of the steam turbine unit PTCU 5 of the secondary circuit.

Then the pipelines for supplying and discharging steam are disconnected from the inlet and outlet nozzles of the steam PTKU 1, thus disconnecting the PTKU 1 from PAGS. PTKU 1 is repaired in the surface position or, with the use of watercraft, delivered to the coastal enterprise for repair.

If it is necessary to repair the PTCU 5 of the second circuit, PAGS is transferred to the above-water position, after which the shut-off valve installed on the steam supply pipe to the PTCU 5 is closed and the shut-off valve installed on the steam removal pipe from the PTCU 5. Open the shut-off valve 14 on the first bypass pipeline . Thus, the steam generated by the steam generator APGU 7 of the second circuit, enters through the first pipeline bypass steam to the input of the steam turbine unit PTCU 1 of the primary circuit.

Then the pipelines for supplying and discharging steam are disconnected from the inlet and outlet nozzles of the steam PTKU 5, thereby disconnecting the PTKU 5 from the PAGS. PTKU 5 is repaired in the surface position or, with the use of watercraft, delivered for repair to the coastal enterprise.

If it is necessary to repair PTEU 2 of the primary circuit, PAGS is transferred to the surface position. Then close the shut-off valve installed on the pipeline supplying steam to the PTEU 2 of the primary circuit, and the shut-off valve installed on the pipeline to remove steam from the PTEU 2 primary circuit. Open the shut-off valve 15 on the second pipe 12 bypass steam. Thus, the steam generated by the steam generator APGU 3 of the first circuit, enters through the first pipeline bypass steam to the input of the steam turbine PTEU 6 of the second circuit.

Then, the steam supply and exhaust pipelines are disconnected from the inlet and outlet steam nozzles of the PTEU 2, thus disconnecting the PTEU 2 from the PAGS. After that, the PTEU 2 is repaired in the above-water position or delivered to the coastal enterprise for repair using watercraft.

If it is necessary to repair PTEU 6 of the second circuit, PAGS is transferred to the surface position. Then close the shut-off valve installed on the pipeline supplying steam to the PTEU 6 of the second circuit, and the shut-off valve installed on the pipeline to withdraw steam from the PTEU 6 of the second circuit. Open the shut-off valve 15 on the second pipe 12 bypass steam. Thus, the steam generated by the steam generator APGU 7 of the second circuit, enters through the second pipe 12 bypass steam to the input of the steam turbine PTEU 2 of the primary circuit.

Then, the steam supply and exhaust pipelines are disconnected from the inlet and outlet steam nozzles of the PTEU 6, thus disconnecting the PTEU 6 from the PAGS. After that, the PTEU 6 is repaired in the above-water position or, with the use of watercraft, delivered to the coastal enterprise for repair.

If it is necessary to repair APGU 3 of the primary circuit, PAGS is transferred to the surface position. Then close the shut-off valves installed on the pipelines for supplying feed water to the automatic control unit 3 of the primary circuit, and the shut-off valve installed on the pipeline for removing steam from the automatic control unit 3 of the primary circuit. The shut-off valve 16 is opened on the third steam bypass pipe 13. Thus, the steam generated by the steam generator APGU 7 of the second circuit enters the third pipeline 13 bypass steam to the input of the PAR 4 of the primary circuit.

Then, the feed water supply pipes and the steam exhaust pipe are disconnected from the inlet and outlet steam nozzles of the APGU 3, thus disconnecting the APGU 3 from the PAGS. After that, the automatic control unit 3 is repaired in the above-water position or delivered to the coastal enterprise for repair using watercraft.

If it is necessary to repair APGU 7 of the second circuit, PAGS is transferred to the surface position. Then close the shut-off valves installed on the pipelines for supplying feed water to the secondary control unit 7 of the second circuit, and the shut-off valve installed on the pipeline for removing steam from the secondary control unit 7 of the second circuit. The shut-off valve 16 is opened on the third steam bypass pipe 13. Thus, the steam generated by the steam generator APGU 3 of the first circuit, enters through the third pipeline 13 bypass steam to the input of the PAR 8 of the second circuit.

Then, the feed water supply pipes and the steam exhaust pipe are disconnected from the inlet and outlet steam nozzles of the APGU 7, thus disconnecting the APGU 7 from the PAGS. After that, the automatic control unit 7 is repaired in the above-water position or delivered to the coastal enterprise for repair using watercraft.

Thus, if it is necessary to disconnect one of the main elements of PAGS, steam is transferred from one circuit to another and PAGS continues to work without stopping for repairs, which ensures the reliability of the transportation of natural gas through subsea pipelines in offshore oil and gas fields.

The claimed invention will improve the operational reliability and economic efficiency of PAGS due to the provided dual-circuit system for the production and use of steam, the elimination of complex underwater operations in the maintenance of PAGS and increase its maintainability.

Claims (5)

1. An underwater atomic gas pumping station containing the first and second circuits for the production and use of steam, a system for transferring steam from one circuit to another circuit, the first and second steam condensers, each of the circuits containing an atomic steam generator (APGU), steam distributor (PAR) , a steam turbine compressor unit (PTKU) and a steam turbine electrical installation (PTEU), in each of the two circuits the steam exhaust pipe from the steam generator is connected to the steam input, the first steam pipe from the steam generator is connected to the input of the PTC and the second steam removal pipeline with the PTEU input, the steam supply and removal pipelines to the PTKU and PTEU, the steam removal and feedwater supply pipelines to the automatic control unit are connected by detachable connections to the corresponding input and output nozzles of the PTKU, PTEU and APGU, in addition, PTKU, APSU, steam of the first and second circuits, as well as the first and second capacitors are enclosed in sealed thermally insulated bodies, pipelines of the steam bypass system and pipelines connecting the circuit elements to each other and to the steam condensers are equipped with heat insulators yatsionnym coating and, moreover, a pair of drain piping TAP TAP first circuit and second circuit are connected to the first capacitor pair and the pair of drain piping PTEU PTEU first side and the second circuit connected to the second capacitor pair. 2. The gas pumping station according to claim 1, characterized in that the steam bypass system from one circuit to another circuit includes a first steam bypass pipe between the first steam exhaust pipe from the steam circuit of the first circuit and the second steam exhaust pipe from the steam circuit of the second circuit, the second pipeline steam bypass between the second pipeline for the removal of steam from the steam of the first circuit and the first pipeline for steam from the steam of the second circuit, as well as the third pipeline of the bypass between the pipeline for steam from the first APGU and the pipe Odom discharging vapor from the second APGU. 3. The gas pumping station according to claim 2, characterized in that the steam bypass pipelines are equipped with shut-off valves. 4. The gas pumping station according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipelines for supplying and discharging steam to the PTKU and PTEU of the first and second circuits, as well as the pipelines for discharging steam and supplying feed water to the automatic control unit of the first and second circuits, are equipped with shut-off valves. 5. The gas pumping station according to claim 1, characterized in that it is located on the bottom platform equipped with ballast and anchor systems.

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