RU2653888C2 - Tillage tool (options) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agricultural machine building, in particular to the tillage tool. Tillage tool contains movable frame, which in its front part contains at least one post, and in the rear part are two support wheels. At least one fixed to the shaft rotating working disk (21) is fixed to the tool frame, and comprising drives disposed along the said working disk (21) perimeter. Each of working disk (21) drive comprises shaft (10), on which one side a drive wheel (6) is fixed, interacting with the race track (22) for rotation transmission to the drive shaft (10), on which the working element (2) is fixed, made in the form of drill protruding beyond the working disk (21).

EFFECT: such design solution provides reduction of resistance during the soil processing to the depth of up to 37 cm, formation of one- and two-tier plowing layer, saving fuel and lubricant materials and increasing the tillage productivity, as well as improving the soil water-air regime.

16 cl, 50 dwg

Description

Application area

The invention relates to a tillage implement.

The invention can be used in agronomy and national economy.

Introduction

Currently, when energy carriers have risen in price, which significantly affects the cost of agricultural products, and climatic conditions have changed in the direction of warming, which leads to a constant moisture deficit in the upper layers of the soil, I invented a new hitherto unprecedented and unheard-of method of tillage - longline belt-pulling, and agricultural equipment for its implementation - a tillage tool that can replace such existing tillage implements as, for example, the cultivator LLG-10; disc harrow BDT-3; plow PN-5-35; RUM-3 mineral fertilizer spreader and many other tillage implements.

Thanks to the application of my invention on the expanses of agricultural land, the cost of fuel and lubricants (fuels and lubricants), which every producer of agricultural products bears an inevitable burden, will reduce agricultural time due to the high productivity of my invention and increase the quality of tillage, including the absence of shafts and collapses that form during the use of well-known tillage tools.

The Borisenko soil longline cultivator is proposed - 3 meters of capture (ПЯРБ-3.0). ПЯРБ-3.0 is capable of qualitatively cultivating the soil to a depth of 35 cm, which corresponds to the characteristics of plows and plane cutters, in terms of their economic indicators they are many times greater than them.

Also, when removing the flat-cutting racks from PYARB-3.0, we obtain a mobile cultivator up to 25 cm with simultaneous spreading and random filling of mineral fertilizers and crop residues, which corresponds to the characteristics of discs and harrows, cultivators and spreaders of mineral fertilizers, in terms of their processing quality and fuel consumption far superior to them.

It is aggregated by MTZ-80 tractors; MTZ-100 in a single version, T-150; K-750 from 2 to 6 pieces in a coupler. The operational speed of the PNRB-3.0 is not more than 5 km / h, which corresponds to the productivity of one unit per 1 hour of operation of 1.5 hectares, for 7 hours, respectively, 10.5 hectares with a tillage depth of 30-35 cm.

Fuel consumption compared with plowing and planing tillage when using my invention, by the way, is reduced to 4 times.

The type of operation is performed by the working body - a drill, which at the moment of contact with the soil begins to rotate and is buried due to the weight of agricultural equipment equipped with a ballast box. I called this method a tiered tape-pulling method. This method will significantly reduce the cost of fuel and lubricants per unit area, reduce agricultural terms due to its productivity, deliver mineral fertilizers to the soil efficiently, do not require high qualification from the machine operator, and increase and retain moisture in the soil.

The PNRB-3.0 does not supplant a traditional set of equipment that has been tested over the years, but only tries to occupy its niche among them adequately, enabling agricultural specialists to use the possibilities of this agricultural machine in an argumented and practical way, which will undoubtedly lead to an increase in crop yields.

This is not a complete list of the possibilities and benefits of using the PNRB-3.0, but only the advantages are obvious.

The simplicity of the principle of operation of the working bodies of the PNRB-3.0, their unpretentiousness on different types and soil moisture make the tool and method of tillage quite acceptable for use in agriculture.

Comparison of PNRB-3.0 with other well-known agricultural equipment.

Needle harrows are known (patents No. RU 284471, SU 184023 and SU 360012). These include support wheels, needle-disk batteries and battery angle mechanisms. However, with an increase in the working width, suspension of long branches of needle discs to the frame, holding them at the desired angle of attack, deepening them and raising them to the transport position are very difficult, as they require an increase in the metal consumption of the overall harrow frame and tremendous effort when the battery is operated at the desired angle of attack. In addition, the depth of processing of the surface soil layer does not exceed 10-12 cm in one pass, compared to PNRB-3.0 - 20-25, does not require additional effort on the angle of attack of the battery, because he has one angle of attack - 90 ° to the soil level.

In more detail, consider the example of the well-known needle harrow BIG-3.

The difference in processing in the first is up to 12 cm, in the second (PNRB 3.0) - up to 25 cm. Productivity of the first is 6.2 ha / h, and PNRB 3.0 is not less, but the processing depth is 2 times greater. Both the first and the second crush the soil into small fractions, fight weeds, improve the water-air regime of the soil, only the design features the first one looks simpler, but the processing depth, quality and consumption of fuel and lubricants undoubtedly stand behind the PNRB-3.0 .

I give these characteristics of the PNRB-3.0, proving the universality of my invention, removing flat racks with legs, and in their place we will install lump crushers.

Now for comparison, we take the PN-5-35 plow, aggregated by a T-150 tractor with a plowing depth of 30-32 cm, and PNRB-3.0, aggregated by an MTZ-100 tractor, with the same processing depth. The productivity of the first unit is 5.3 ha for 7 hours of operation, the second (PNRB-3.0) 10.5 ha for 7 hours of treatment. Let us compare the tractors themselves: the T-150 belongs to the class of tractors of 3 ton-force, and MTZ-100 - to 1.5 ton-force. If the quality of tillage is the same for them, then the consumption of fuel and lubricants is incredibly disproportionate in favor of PNRB-3.0, as well as the productivity itself, moreover, fertilizers are delivered strictly under the second tier of soil.

Compared with the RUM-3 mineral fertilizer spreader, the first spreads fertilizers on the soil surface with a productivity of up to 50 hectares per shift, which require incorporation into the soil, and the second ПЯРБ-3.0 directly self-closes fertilizers in the soil with a productivity of 10.5 hectares per 7 hours, complete with flat-cutting paws and tillage depth up to 35 cm, up to 18.4 ha in 7 hours, without flat-cutting stands with paws, replacing the latter with lump crushers with tillage depth up to 25 cm.

As can be seen from the above examples, the PNRB-3.0 significantly surpasses the traditional agricultural implements both in its characteristics, productivity and fuel consumption, and in many indicators not yet known to the author.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the invention is the development of a tillage implement, the use of which will increase the moisture reserves in the soil, will save fuel and lubricants and increase the productivity of tillage, and will also improve the water-air regime of the soil.

Another objective of the invention is the development of tillage tools, the use of which will allow to realize:

a) explosive loosening of the upper arable layer;

b) tearing apart and crushing of the upper arable layer;

c) belt-tearing cultivation and crushing of the upper arable layer;

d) implementation of the above points a), b), c) with the simultaneous incorporation of mineral fertilizers into the upper arable layer;

d) the formation of the upper and lower tiers of the arable layer;

f) the formation of the upper and lower tiers of the arable layer with the incorporation of mineral fertilizers under the lower tier of the arable layer.

Other benefit objectives will be discussed below as the description is presented and drawings are provided.

According to a first embodiment of the invention, the tillage implement is characterized by the presence of:

- a movable frame, which in its front part contains at least one rack and two support wheels located in the rear of the said frame,

- at least one rotating working disk mounted on said shaft and containing drives located around the perimeter of said working disk, each of said drives having a shaft, on one side of which a drive wheel is fixed, interacting with a treadmill for transmitting rotation to said a drive shaft on which a working body is fixed, which protrudes beyond the working disk.

According to a second embodiment of the invention, the tillage implement is characterized by the presence of:

- a movable frame, which in its front part contains at least one rack and two support wheels located in the rear of the said frame,

- at least one rotating working disk mounted on said shaft and comprising drives located around the perimeter of said working disk, each of said drives having a shaft, on one side of which a drive wheel is fixed, cooperating with a treadmill for transmitting rotation to said drive shaft, on which is mounted a working body that extends beyond the working disk,

- rack crusher located behind the aforementioned working disk in the direction of movement of the movable frame in the process of soil cultivation.

According to a third embodiment of the invention, the tillage implement is characterized by the presence of:

- a movable frame, which in its front part contains at least one rack and two support wheels located in the rear of the said frame,

- at least one rotating working disk mounted on said shaft and comprising drives located around the perimeter of said working disk, each of said drives having a shaft, on one side of which a drive wheel is fixed, cooperating with a treadmill for transmitting rotation to said drive shaft, on which is mounted a working body that extends beyond the working disk,

- racks of a plane cutter located behind the working disk in the direction of movement of the movable frame during soil cultivation.

According to the claimed invention, the drive also contains a casing in which the drive shaft is mounted, mounted on bearings, and fasteners of the working body on the drive shaft.

According to the claimed invention, the frame contains a ballast box designed to regulate the depth of the rotating working bodies.

Also, according to the claimed invention, the tillage implement contains at least two disk soil knives, which are located in front of the working disk from its two sides along the movement of the frame in the process of tillage.

Also, according to the claimed invention, at least one fertilizer hopper is located on the frame, connected to the fertilizer supply system in the upper tier of the soil or under the ploskorez stand.

According to the claimed invention, a crusher is located on a plank cutter stand.

The tasks are solved by the fact that in a rectilinear translational movement of the tillage implement, aggregated by the tractor, through the working bodies connected to the shafts of rotation of the working bodies through the wheels of the working bodies sitting on the drive shafts, in a circle of the disk located on it, in contact with the soil, the workers self-rotate organs, and through the drive shaft and the sprocket sitting on it, it drives the fertilizer shafts with coils and agitators shafts with agitators in the fertilizer boxes themselves.

The design of the treadmill and the inner cone-shaped design of the wheel of the drives of the working bodies do not allow the latter to slip on the treadmill, and the wheels sitting on the shafts of the drives, despite their off-centerness on the shafts, force the latter to rotate qualitatively on their shafts. Due to this power dependence, the shafts of the drive of the working bodies and the working bodies themselves spin. And since the weight of the agricultural machine itself with a loaded ballast box and the weight of fertilizers in the fertilizer boxes is rather big, putting pressure on the working bodies, thanks to their scrolling along their axis and their shape, there is a forced deepening of the working bodies to a given depth, followed by tearing and tilting the soil from its place her finding on another.

After the working bodies are deepened to a predetermined depth (the racks of the front support legs sliding on the soil with skis and the rear support wheels determine the depth), the working bodies cease to rotate, having traveled the wheels (located on the rotation shafts) along the treadmill. And the soil knives when the tillage implement moves forward due to the fact that they have a round shape and are located at the lower point of the implement, cut the tape to the depth of the specified loosening of the first tier, sit on the lower shafts, scrolling on bearings, which greatly facilitates the exit of working bodies from the soil , due to mounting at an angle to the center of the disk, on which the shafts of the working bodies with the bodies themselves are mounted. There is a capture and release of a lump of soil on a rack-paw of a plane cutter or on lump crushers located in places of plane-cutting paws.

Further, the working bodies are turned upside down on the disk circle, which, rotating, lowers them to their original working position, catching and guiding the drive wheels of the drive shafts of the working bodies and the bodies themselves along the treadmill, so endlessly while the unit moves forward.

List of drawings

When considering embodiments of the present invention, narrow terminology is used. However, the present invention is not limited to the accepted terms and it should be borne in mind that each such term covers all equivalent elements that work in a similar way and are used to solve the same problems.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

FIG. 1 - a working body made in the form of a semi-wedge-shaped drill.

FIG. 2 - a working body made in the form of a drill.

FIG. 3 - working body, made in the form of a wedge-shaped drill.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 1 working body, made in the form of a semi-wedge-shaped drill.

FIG. 5 is a bottom view of FIG. 1 working body, made in the form of a semi-wedge-shaped drill.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of FIG. 2 working bodies, made in the form of a drill.

FIG. 7 is a bottom view of FIG. 2 working bodies, made in the form of a drill.

FIG. 8 is a bottom view of FIG. 3 working body, made in the form of a wedge-shaped drill.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of FIG. 3 working body, made in the form of a wedge-shaped drill.

FIG. 10 - spring.

FIG. 11 - the drive wheel of the working body of the drive shaft

FIG. 12 is a plan view of FIG. 11 wheels of the working body of the drive shaft.

FIG. 13 - the drive housing of the working bodies in the Assembly.

FIG. 14 - a shaft of a drive of working bodies without bearings.

FIG. 15 is an end view of FIG. 14 shaft drive working bodies.

FIG. 16 - a casing of a shaft of a drive of working bodies with a lock nut without a fixing bolt.

FIG. 17 - a shaft of a drive of working bodies without bearings.

FIG. 18 - connection of the working body with the drive shaft of the working body with a drive wheel, washer, springs, bearing in the housing.

FIG. 19 - drive mounting drive of the working bodies, with the mounting of bearing housings with a square disk seat on the axis.

FIG. 20 is a plan view of FIG. 19.

FIG. 21 - the work of the drive wheel of the working body along the treadmill for rotation of the working body with a modified eccentric on the square axis of the drive shaft of the working bodies.

FIG. 22 - a disk with a typesetting set of the drive of the working bodies with the working bodies side view and a treadmill of the wheels of the drive of the working bodies.

FIG. 23 - disk with a complete set of working bodies with their drives on the central square axis.

FIG. 24 - the central square axis of the disk with a thread at the edges and a slotted keyway.

FIG. 25 is a side view (end view) of FIG. 24.

FIG. 26 - disk knife assembly with a mounting fragment on the frame of the tillage implement.

FIG. 27 is a plan view of FIG. 26.

FIG. 28 is a side view of the treadmill for the drive wheel of the working bodies

FIG. 29 is a plan view of FIG. 28.

FIG. 30 is a top view of the mounting of the base of the treadmill with the track itself to a fragment of the frame of the tillage implement.

FIG. 31 - spacer sleeve mounting disc drives the working bodies.

FIG. 32 is a side view of FIG. 31.

FIG. 33 - a fully cultivating tillage implement.

FIG. 34 is a side view of FIG. 33 tillage tools.

FIG. 35 is a bottom view of FIG. 33 agricultural implements.

FIG. 36 is a front view of FIG. 33 agricultural implements.

FIG. 37 is a rear view of FIG. 33 agricultural implements.

FIG. 38 is a front view of the legs of the ploskorez with the end of the duct

FIG. 39 is a rear view of FIG. 38.

FIG. 40 is a top view of a fertilizer box with agitators of fertilizers on axles, fertilizer unloading coils.

FIG. 41 is a side view of the connecting bracket of the disks of the fastening drive of the working bodies.

FIG. 42 is a perspective view of FIG. 41 connecting brackets of disks of fastening of a drive of working bodies.

FIG. 43 is a side view of an agricultural implement with a work area on two tiers of soil.

FIG. 44 is a front view of a soil crusher.

FIG. 45 is a side view of the soil lump crusher of FIG. 44.

FIG. 46 is a rear view of the soil crusher of FIG. 44.

FIG. 47 - soil layer formed by a tillage implement, containing the upper tier I.

FIG. 48 is a plan view of the soil layer of FIG. 47.

FIG. 49 - soil layer formed by a tillage implement containing the upper tier I and lower tier II.

FIG. 50 is a plan view of the soil layer of FIG. 49.

In more detail in FIG. 1-50 depicted:

1 - hex head with internal thread of the working body

2 - drill

3 - drill tap groove

4 - internal threaded connection

5 - spring

6 - drive wheel drive the working body

7 - conical square landing seat of the drive wheel of the drive of the working body

8 - landing bearing shaft drive of the working body

9 - bearing mounting hole

10 - drive shaft of the working body

11 - the square of the drive shaft of the working body

12 - threaded connection of the working body with the drive shaft

13 - a casing of a shaft of a drive of working bodies

14 - washer

15 - locking cotter pin in the hole of the shaft

16 - a lock nut of a casing without a lock bolt

17 - through hole in the shaft of the drive of the working bodies

18 - the seat of the bearings of the drive shaft of the working body

19 - square disk seat per axis

20 - a flange of a landing nest

21 - a disk of fastening of drives of working bodies

22 - treadmill

23 - central square shaft

24 - keyway

25 - frame agricultural implements (fragment)

26 - circular knife

27 - a fork of a rack of a circular knife

28 - a rack of a fork of a circular knife

29 - a bracket for mounting a rack of a circular knife

30 - landing pillow with bearings

31 - bearing housing with bearings of the rack of a circular knife

32 - fastening nut

33 - the base of the treadmill with the track itself

34 - spacer sleeve mounting disc drives of the working bodies

35 - corner attachment of agricultural implements to the tractor

36 - hydraulic hose

37 - hydraulic cylinder

39 - fixing the crankshaft to the frame

40 - a wheel of a back support

41 - paw of a plane cutter

42 - front support foot

43 - ski

44 - ballast box

45 - fat box

46 - rack mounting fertilizer boxes

47 - gears of drives of fertilizer and shafts of agitators of fertilizers in a fertilizer box.

48 - connecting finger traction

49 - lump crushers

50 - bearing in the housing mounting the central square shaft

51 - chain drive shafts fertilizer boxes

52 - level of tuk in a box

53 - lever rotation of the crankshaft with a hydraulic cylinder.

54 - funnel piping

55 - stand paw cutter

56 - fertilizer coils

57 - fertilizer agitators

58 - fat shaft with coils

59 - shaft tedders

60 - asterisk of a fat shaft

61 - asterisk shaft agitators tuks

62 - housing with a plastic sleeve for the shaft of the fat.

63 - crusher rack

64 - wheel travel limiter

65 - connecting brackets.

66 - mounting bolt.

The order of the invention

To disclose the operation of my invention, we take a single unit MTZ-100 plus PNRB-3.0. The tillage implement that I invented is attached to the tractor according to the scheme two-point on a hitch. This makes it possible for the tractor to wag a little while moving forward, not to wag when moving forward, without causing any harm to the agricultural machine.

The working bodies 2, under the weight of the tillage implement, ballast in the drawer 44 and the weight of the tuks in the fertilizer drawers 45, with the floating position of the lifting lever of the tractor hitch, self-lower until the front struts of the support 42 with skis 43 have very close contact with the soil, which skis 43 begin to glide over the soil, limiting the further deepening of the tillage implement, its front part. The rear support wheels 40, through the crank 53, connected to the hydraulic cylinder 37 and the stroke limiter 64 for lifting the rear support wheels, determine the depth of tillage at its rear.

The front disk knives 26 in the amount of eleven pieces attached to the frame of the tillage implement 25, through the brackets 29 with the nut 32, have a stand 28, with a fork 27 sitting in the bearing housing with bearings 31, under the weight of the above factors, are buried in the soil. The soil is cut into a tape of a given depth, defined by the front ski rack 42 with ski 43, having holes in the rack 42 with a stopper fixing the position of the rack 42 with respect to the frame of the agricultural implement 25. The disks 21 for fastening the drives of the working bodies are mounted in pairs with brackets 65, in several places fixing bolts. When lowering the frame 25 to the soil, they get in contact with the working bodies 2, made by the type of drill, sitting on the shafts 10 of the drive of the working bodies, mounted on bearings 8, which have seats 18 on the disk 21 of the fastening of the working bodies connected by bolts.

The design feature of the drive of the working bodies is as follows. The shaft 10 has a square 11 of the drive of the working body, the locking hole 17, which does not allow the shaft 10 to freely walk on the bearings 10 through the cotter pin 15 and the washer 14, and also a casing 13, which does not allow the shaft 10 to freely walk on the bearings holding it 8, through the lock nut 16 casing, with a locking bolt, abuts against the shaft 10.

A rubber drive wheel is put on the shaft 10, namely, on the square 11. The wheel 6 is spring-loaded on both sides by springs 5, the large ends of which abut against the wheel 6, and the other: one side - into the bearing base 8 and into the hexagonal head of the working body 1 with a washer 14. The wheel 6 is spring-loaded on both sides by springs 5, the large ends of which abut against the wheel 6, and the other: the small ends of the spring 5 - into the base of the bearing 8 and the hexagonal head of the working body 1 with the washer 14. Wheel 6 has a conical square seat 7 which gives loofah t of the stroke of the wheel itself, that is, it can change its angle with respect to the shaft 10 fastening to it. At the bottom of the frame of the tillage implement 25, the wheel 6 is in tight contact with the treadmill 22, which is attached to the frame 25 with bolts. The end of the shaft 10 has a right-hand thread 12, on which the working body 2 is screwed. Such working bodies 2 are mounted on the disk 21, as shown in FIG. 22, you can attach from seventeen pieces or more, it depends on the diameter of the disk 21. According to my idea, through a distance of 15-20 cm in a circle of the ends of the working bodies 2. Disk 21 has the same disk 21, which sits on a joint shaft 23 in the places of landing disks 21 having a square base (Fig. 24). On both sides, the joint shaft 23 has a thread and seats for bearings with housings 8. On the one hand, the joint shaft 23 has a slot for a key 24 to rotate the sprockets, which drive the fertilizer coils 58 with agitators 59 through the chain drives. Disk 21 has a flange 20 of the mounting socket on the shaft 23 with a square seat 19. To assemble the disks 21 on the joint shaft 23, a spacer sleeve 34 is put on in size with connecting brackets 65 (Figs. 41 and 42), then two disks 21 on both sides of the spacer sleeve and 34 and disks 21 are connected through brackets 65 with bolts and nuts in three or more places along the outer ends of disks 21. Then, on the shaft 23, after the disks 21, one more spacer sleeve 34 is worn on both sides; then the bearings 8 with bearings through the mounting holes 9 are connected to the disks 21.

On the left side, the joint shaft 23, the first on the right side in the forward direction of the agricultural implement, is installed through the key and the key slot 24 leading the tap drive sprocket. The edges of the joint shaft 23 are fixed with nuts.

Returning, after describing the design of the device and mounting the working bodies 2 on the disks 21 sitting on the shaft 23, we can continue the description of the invention: the working bodies 2 meet the soil in pairs in a cut tape and due to the rotation of the disk 21 obtained from the contact of the working bodies 2 with the soil, and wheels 6 mounted on the shaft 10 of the drive of the working bodies, through the treadmill 22, the wheel 6, and with it the shaft 10 with a drill 2 at the end and the disc 21 sitting on the shaft 23, each begins its rotation, one with a drill 2 at the end is screwed into the soil under the mas oh agricultural implement to the desired depth, the other - to scroll the disc 21 with other working bodies 2, finished screwed into the soil by the contact wheel 6 with a treadmill 22 during the forward movement of the frame forward tilling implement.

Having made his way along the treadmill 22, the wheel 6, being at the bottom of its path, stops rotating the shaft 10 with the working body 2. And since the unit moves forward, due to the angular location of the drive shaft of the working bodies 10 to the center of the shaft axis 23, which means and of the working bodies 2, grabbing or cutting off a piece of land about 18 × 30 × 20 cm cut off on both sides by circular knives 26 is carried out on a stand 55 of the paw of a plane cutter with a crusher 49, where the latter, having hit the sharp edges of the crusher 49, crumbles and falls back on the I mean. In addition, and this is important, when a piece of soil from the working bodies 2 located in pairs at a distance of 12-15 cm from each other due to their design is sent to the crusher 49, then there is practically no soil between the working bodies 2 and the ploskore stand, since it is in flight, the plane-cutting paw 41 is free without any resistance of the soil to the stand 55 of the paws 41 of the plane cutter and there is no pressure of the upper tier of soil I, removed by disks 21 with working bodies 2, freely loosens the second without any effort from the tractor tier p Fertilizing fertilizer under it. In other words, flat-tillage becomes nothing more than cultivating the soil to a depth of 10-12 cm, which significantly reduces fuel consumption per unit area and increases the productivity of the tillage implement.

Using my invention allows to reduce soil resistance during processing to a depth of 37 cm, and this makes an impression on a knowledgeable agronomist. Using my invention allows me to implement non-traditional methods of tillage, which frees up more powerful tractors and replaces them with less powerful ones, an incredibly huge amount of fuel and lubricants is saved, making plowing more ecological, the productivity of the unit increases, and therefore, the cost of agricultural products decreases.

I believe that my invention has the right to live and enormously enrich agronomic science and technology, provide invaluable benefits to the national economy and the simple peasant, help to save one’s pocket, simplify the process of soil cultivation and expand the methods of cultivating it.

Using the invention, a single and two tier arable layer can be obtained.

I would like to separately pay attention to the arable layer, which contains two tiers.

The first tier is used for continuous sowing crops - rye, wheat, barley, buckwheat, millet, etc.

The second tier is used for wide-row tillage (corn, potatoes, beets) for industrial crops.

Using the inventive arable layer allows you to save moisture in the soil and improve the water-air regime of the soil, which will increase the yield of planted cultivated plants and will also reduce the "wear" of the soil.

Revealing the second option of equipping my PNRB-3.0, namely, preparing the soil for sowing spring and winter crops, that is, loosening the soil up to 25 cm, the implement is re-equipped, that is, the racks of paws 41 of the plane cutter 55 are removed, and in their place using the same bolts, previously fastening racks 55, fasten the racks of the crusher 63.

As in the first embodiment of my invention of two-tier loosening of the soil, with the simultaneous application of fertilizers, and in the second, single-tier loosening with chaotic fertilizing throughout the loosened soil layer, the BZTS-1 harrow or rotary harrows can follow with the help of simple technical operations, will easily join the rear of the PNRB-3.0 frame.

The quality of tillage will be better than after plow passes, as there will be no plow sole and dumps with collapses.

It is clear that the above are only some of the possible optimal options for putting into practice the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the options set forth above.

Technical result

The technical result of the invention is to reduce the resistance in the process of tillage to a depth of 37 cm, the formation of a single and two-tier arable layer, saving fuel and lubricants, increasing the productivity of tillage and improving its water-air regime.

Claims (24)

1. Tillage tool, characterized in that it contains: - a movable frame, which in its front part contains at least one rack and two support wheels located in the rear of the said frame, - at least one rotating working disk mounted on a shaft and containing drives located around the perimeter of said working disk, each of said drives having a drive shaft, on one side of which a drive wheel is fixed, interacting with a treadmill for transmitting rotation to said a drive shaft on which a working body is fixed, made in the form of a drill protruding beyond the working disk. 2. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive also comprises a casing in which the drive shaft is mounted, mounted on bearings, and fasteners of the working body on the drive shaft. 3. The gun under item 1, characterized in that the frame contains a ballast box, designed to regulate the depth of the rotating working bodies. 4. The tool according to p. 1, characterized in that it contains at least two disk soil knives, which are located in front of the working disk from its two sides along the movement of the frame in the process of tillage. 5. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one fertilizer hopper is located on the frame, connected to the fertilizer supply system in the upper soil layer. 6. Tillage tool, characterized in that it contains: - a movable frame, which in its front part contains at least one rack and two support wheels located in the rear of the said frame, - at least one rotating working disk mounted on a shaft and containing drives located around the perimeter of said working disk, each of said drives having a drive shaft, on one side of which a drive wheel is fixed, interacting with a treadmill for transmitting rotation to said a drive shaft on which a working body is fixed, made in the form of a drill protruding beyond the working disk, - lump crusher rack, located behind the aforementioned working disk in the direction of movement of the movable frame during soil cultivation. 7. The tool according to claim 6, characterized in that the drive also comprises a casing in which the drive shaft is mounted, mounted on bearings, and fasteners of the working body on the drive shaft. 8. The tool under item 6, characterized in that the frame contains a ballast box, designed to regulate the depth of the rotating working bodies. 9. The tool according to p. 6, characterized in that it contains at least two disk soil knives, which are located in front of the working disk from its two sides along the movement of the frame during soil cultivation. 10. The tool according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one fertilizer hopper is located on the frame, connected to the fertilizer supply system in the upper soil layer. 11. Tillage tool, characterized in that it contains: - a movable frame, which in its front part contains at least one rack and two support wheels located in the rear of the said frame, - at least one rotating working disk mounted on a shaft and containing drives located around the perimeter of said working disk, each of said drives having a shaft, on one side of which a drive wheel is fixed, interacting with a treadmill to transmit rotation to said shaft a drive on which a working body is fixed, made in the form of a drill protruding beyond the working disk, - a ploskorez stand, located behind the working disk in the direction of movement of the movable frame during soil cultivation. 12. The tool according to claim 11, characterized in that the drive also comprises a casing in which the drive shaft is mounted, mounted on bearings, and fasteners of the working body on the drive shaft. 13. The gun under item 11, characterized in that the frame contains a ballast box, designed to regulate the depth of the rotating working bodies. 14. The tool according to p. 11, characterized in that it contains at least two disk soil knives, which are located in front of the working disk from its two sides along the movement of the frame during soil cultivation. 15. The tool according to claim 11, characterized in that at least one fertilizer hopper is located on the frame, connected to the fertilizer supply system in the upper soil layer or under the ploskorez rack. 16. The gun under item 11, characterized in that on the stand of the plane cutter there is a lump crusher.

Images