RU2651664C1 - Device for implementation of batch autoresonant mode of movement of bulk materials while sorting said materials in horizontal cylindrical sieves - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to an apparatus for realising batch autoresonant mode of movement of bulk materials when sorting said materials in horizontal cylindrical sieves. Invention can be used in the agricultural and processing industry, chemical and mineral processing industry. Device for sorting a bulk medium in batch autoresonant mode includes a cylindrical sieve with piercing holes, a device for smoothly changing sieve turns, a device for cleaning sieve holes. Inside the sieve, additional friction surfaces are installed at a certain distance from each other, made in the form of flat rings fixed to posts with a gap to the inner surface of the sieve, perpendicular to the axis of its rotation. Axial speed of moving the processed bulk material along the sieve is controlled by changing the width of the rings and the gap between the outer diameter of the ring and the inner surface of the sieve. On each flat ring, two semi-rings are pivotally fixed at one end, the second ends of the semi-rings can radially move relative to the solid ring, thereby changing the width of the rings differentially and the gaps between the sieve surface and the rings. Last ring is cut and installed on the sieve surface without a gap along a helical line so that when the sieve rotates, the helical sieve surface shifts the grain back to repeated separation, reduces its loss by descent.

EFFECT: improved sorting quality.

5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The device can be used in the agricultural and processing industries, chemical and mineral processing industries. The batch autoresonant mode of movement of the granular medium allows to reduce the energy consumption for processing by returning part of the free energy of the incident grain flow in the third and fourth quadrants of the circle, to increase the specific productivity of the cylindrical sieve by three times due to an increase in the utilization of the surface of the sieve from 20% (for existing) up to 70% (with portioned autoresonant driving mode).

A detailed theoretical description of the portioned autoresonance regime of the motion of a granular medium in a cylinder and the conditions of its existence are given:

1. Patrin V.A. “Development of the theory of the interaction of the processed grain with the working bodies of grain cleaning machines from the standpoint of synergetics” / V.A. Patrin // Abstract. Doct. tech. sciences. Novosibirsk, 2015.

2. Patent for invention No. 2457046 dated July 27, 2012 Bull. 21. "A method for sorting bulk materials, a device for its implementation and a batch method of moving bulk media."

However, in existing cylindrical sieves, when the ratio of the sieve length to its diameter is more than 0.4, this mode, as experience has shown, is impossible to obtain due to slipping of the granular medium relative to the inner surface of the sieve. The friction force between the processed material and the working body is insufficient in order to transfer the necessary amount of energy to the grain for a portioned autoresonant mode of motion.

Cylindrical sieves are rarely used in mobile grain cleaning machines. With minor changes in the angle of inclination of the sieve, the axial velocity of the processed material changes and some of the grain is in the waste. Sorting quality is reduced.

To eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages, it is proposed to install FIG. 1 additional friction surfaces in the form of flat rings 2 at some distance from each other X. Flat rings use the lateral pressure of the granular medium δ _b to increase the friction force and ensure stable operation of the sieve with significant changes in its angle of inclination. The plane of the rings is fixed perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the sieve on 4 racks so that between the surface of the sieve and the outer diameter of each flat ring there is a gap S, which provides axial movement of the grain. Rings do not violate the natural process of the sieve, stabilize the axial speed of the grain. Bulk medium has the property of a viscous liquid. Part of the normal pressure is transmitted to the side walls that limit it. So for wheat, the lateral friction force is 38% of normal with a mobility coefficient of m = 0.38. The elementary additional friction force of grain on two surfaces of an installed flat ring is (Fig. 2):

;

;

,

,

where δ _n is the normal pressure of the grain on the surface of the sieve,

f _to - coefficient of friction of wheat on the surface of the ring.

The greater the friction force, the more free energy is transferred from the working body to the grain. The system "sieve - bulk medium" goes into batch autoresonant mode of movement.

The magnitude of the friction force and the axial velocity of the processed grain depends on the width of the flat rings and the gap between the outer diameter of the ring and the inner surface of the sieve. Since part of the processed material passes through the holes of the sieve, then as it moves along the axis of the sieve, its quantity decreases. Therefore, in the proposed sieve design, a differentiated installation of rings along their width and the size of the gap between the rings and the surface of the sieve is provided along the sieve, and it is also possible to control their dependence on the physicomechanical properties of the processed material and the size of the sieve filling with grain when the productivity changes.

Each ring consists of three parts. FIG. 2 of one flat continuous ring 2 and two half rings 3, which at one end are pivotally mounted on a continuous ring, and the second ends can move radially relative to the continuous ring, increasing or decreasing its width and the gap between the sieve and the ring. After adjustment, the position of the half rings is fixed with screws.

To reduce grain loss immediately with the sieve, together with large impurities, the last ring 5 is made split and stretched. Interacting with the processed material, the spiral surface of this ring moves the grain back along the sieve for re-separation. Large impurities pass through the hole in the ring.

Claims (5)

1. A device for sorting granular media in a batch autoresonant mode, including a cylindrical sieve with punching holes, a device for smoothly changing sieve rotations, a device for cleaning sieve openings, characterized in that additional friction surfaces are installed inside the sieve at a certain distance from each other, made in the form of flat rings mounted on racks with a gap to the inner surface of the sieve, perpendicular to the axis of its rotation. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that to increase the amount of energy transferred from the working body to the processed bulk medium, friction forces from the lateral pressure of the bulk medium on the plane of the rings are used. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the axial velocity of the processed bulk material on the sieve is controlled by changing the width of the rings and the gap between the outer diameter of the ring and the inner surface of the sieve. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that on each flat ring two half rings are hinged at one end, the second ends of the half rings can radially move relative to the continuous ring, thereby changing the width of the rings and the gaps between the surface of the sieve and the rings differentially. 5. The device according to p. 4, characterized in that the last ring is cut and mounted on the surface of the sieve without a gap along the helix so that when the sieve is rotated, the helical surface of the sieve shifts the grain back to re-separation, reduces its loss by descent.

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