RU2650067C2 - Domestic appliance having locking device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: personal and household items.

SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to domestic appliance (100) comprising door (101), wherein said domestic appliance (100) comprises locking device (103) with at least one permanent magnet (105-1, 105-2), for exerting a retaining force to hold door (101) closed and coil (107) for generating at least one counter magnetic field for neutralising the maintaining force.

EFFECT: invention relates to a domestic appliance with a door.

12 cl, 16 dwg

Description

Technical field

This invention relates to a household appliance with a locking device for locking a door.

State of the art

In household appliances, such as, for example, washing machines, keeping the door closed in the locked position occurs due to mechanical geometric closure. To this end, the doors are equipped with hooks or eyes, which when locked are inserted into the inner part of the shutter. To open the door, some household appliances have a mechanical opening key.

Patent document EP 0109590 B1 describes a door safety lock device in which all structural elements of a safety device and elements for opening and closing a door are combined in one housing, so that only one structural element is required for these functions. Two extreme position sensors and a power electromagnet of an electromechanical locking device are enclosed in a single unit in the housing.

US Pat. No. 2,888,290 discloses a refrigerator including devices for electromagnetic fixation.

Laid-open (non-accepted) application WO 00/11296 A1 shows a refrigerator case, the case having a locking device including an electromagnet.

The laid out (non-accepted) application EP 2284340 A2 shows a magnetic latch for locking the hole.

US Pat. No. 3,146,381 shows a system for controlling the force of an electromagnet.

The laid out (unapproved) application EP 2045423 A2 shows a device for activated locking of parts moving relative to each other.

Disclosure of invention

The task underlying the invention is to indicate such a household appliance in which it is possible, without using mechanics, to hold the door in the closed position and unlock it again.

This problem is solved by the subject of the invention with features according to the independent claim. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of figures, descriptions and dependent items.

According to an aspect of the invention, the problem is solved by a household appliance, which comprises a locking device with a permanent magnet for creating a holding force for holding the door in the closed position and a coil for creating a counteracting magnetic field to neutralize the holding force. This achieves, for example, a technical advantage, consisting in the fact that it is possible to simplify the design of the window, since it is not necessary to have a hook and a handle mechanism. The locking device allows, on the one hand, to open the door from the inside and, on the other hand, to open the door with the key to open the door. The doors of household appliances are held by means of a holding force, realized through a power circuit. A power-closure valve provides holding forces in two stages. This is a slight holding force to keep the door closed and an increased holding force that prevents the door from opening without using force, that is, which can be equated to a lock. Switching between both forces or turning them off is possible through targeted control of the coil.

A household appliance is a device that is used for housekeeping. This can be a large household appliance, for example, a washing machine, a clothes dryer, a dishwasher, a food processor, an exhaust ventilation device, or a household appliance, such as a refrigerator, freezer, or a combination fridge-freezer. However, it can be a small household appliance, such as a water heater, coffee machine, food processor or vacuum cleaner.

In a preferred embodiment of the household appliance, the locking device is located in the door or in the housing of the household appliance. This achieves, for example, a technical advantage, consisting in the fact that there is the possibility of efficient transmission of holding force.

In a further preferred embodiment of the household appliance, the door or housing of the household appliance includes, in whole or in part, a material with high magnetic permeability for interacting with the generated magnetic field. The magnetically permeable material makes it possible to achieve, for example, a technical advantage in that a holding force of a door or a housing is generated.

In a further preferred embodiment of the household appliance, the locking device includes a magnetically conductive part with a high magnetic permeability for the passage of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet. Due to this, for example, a technical advantage is achieved, consisting in the fact that it is possible to conduct a magnetic field in a given place.

In a further preferred embodiment of a household appliance, a coil is wound around a magnetically conductive part. Due to this, a technical advantage is achieved, for example, in that it is possible to effectively superimpose the magnetic field of the coil on the magnetic field of a permanent magnet.

In a further preferred embodiment of the household appliance, the locking device comprises a first magnetically conductive part and a second magnetically conductive part. Due to this, a technical advantage is achieved, for example, in that it is possible to realize a magnetic circuit by means of two magnetically conductive parts, which can be effectively equipped with a coil for applying a magnetic field.

In a further preferred embodiment of the household appliance, a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet are disposed between the first magnetically conducting part and the second magnetically conducting part. Due to this, for example, a technical advantage is also achieved consisting in the fact that a durable magnetic circuit is created. Using materials with good conductivity or high magnetic permeability, magnetic field lines can propagate along long paths. In a further preferred embodiment of the household appliance, a coil is wound around the first magnetically conductive part and the second magnetically conductive part. Due to this, a technical advantage is achieved, for example, in that the mounting space is reduced and the locking device is formed in a symmetrical shape.

In a further preferred embodiment of the household appliance, the first magnetically conductive part comprises a first coil and the second magnetically conductive part comprises a second coil. This achieves, for example, a technical advantage, consisting in the fact that it is possible to control two oppositely directed magnetic fields independently of each other.

In a further preferred embodiment of the household appliance, the locking device comprises a movable guide rod for conducting a magnetic field having a high magnetic permeability. Due to this, for example, a technical advantage is achieved, consisting in the fact that it is possible to purposefully strengthen the magnetic field, which produces a holding force, or weaken it.

In a further preferred embodiment of the household appliance, the guide rod is connected to the magnetically conductive part by means of an elastic element. This achieves, for example, a technical advantage in that an easily controllable structure is created to enhance the magnetic field. In the General case, the elastic element can also be connected to the housing or to be associated with it. The elastic element creates a force to separate the guide rod and the magnetically conductive part.

In a further preferred embodiment of the household appliance, it is possible to superimpose the guide rod on the first magnetically conductive part and on the second magnetically conductive part. Due to this, a technical advantage is achieved, for example, in that it is possible to control the holding force.

In a further preferred embodiment of the household appliance, the guide rod is connected by means of the first elastic element to the first magnetically conductive part and by means of the second elastic element to the second magnetically conductive part. This achieves, for example, a technical advantage, consisting in the fact that it is possible to bring the guide rod along both magnetically conductive parts. In the general case, any element that creates a force for separating the guide rod and the magnetically conductive part can be used as an elastic element.

In a further preferred embodiment of the household appliance, the locking device comprises a switch detecting the positions of the guide rod. Due to this, for example, a technical advantage is achieved, consisting in the fact that it is possible to register the door opening position.

In a further preferred embodiment of the household appliance, the household appliance comprises an elastic element between the locking device and the door. Due to this, a technical advantage is achieved, for example, in that, when the holding force is less than a certain small value, the door is automatically opened.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Embodiments of the invention are presented in the drawings and are further described in more detail. Showing:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a locking device;

FIG. - 2A-2H different phases when locking, unlocking and opening the door by means of a locking device;

FIG. - 3A-3C different embodiments of the locking device;

FIG. - 4A and 4B are two different designs of the locking device; and

FIG. - 5A and 5B are two control circuits for the locking device.

The implementation of the invention

In FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an electromagnetic locking device 103 with two permanent magnets 105-1 and 105-2 and a coil 107 in a de-energized position, the door 101 is open with a wide gap relative to the locking device 103.

The locking device 103 is located in the housing of the household appliance 100 and is configured to interact with a locking rod 117 having a high magnetic permeability located in the door of the household appliance 101 by means of the generated magnetic field. The magnetic locking rod 117 may include, for example, an iron core. The magnetic field of the permanent magnets 105-1 and 105-2 allows you to create a holding force that holds the door in the closed position.

The locking device 103 includes two magnetically conducting parts 109-1 and 109-2 extending parallel to each other, between which are located permanent magnets 105-1 and 105-2. A coil 107 is wound around both magnetically conducting parts 109-1 and 109-2 and is configured to create a magnetic field superimposed on that magnetic field that is created by both permanent magnets 105-1 and 105-2.

Additionally, the locking device 103 includes a guide rod 111, which allows you to act on a magnetic field. The guide rod 111 contains a material with high magnetic permeability.

The guide rod 111 is mounted on a permanent magnet 105-2 by means of a prestressed elastic spring element 113, for example a spiral pressure spring. Magnetic field lines 119 extend inside both magnetically conductive parts 109-1 and 109-2, both permanent magnets 105-1 and 105-2 and the guide rod 111. Between the locking device 103 and the door 101 there is another elastic spring element 115, which presses on the door 101 if the holding force does not exceed the elastic force. The spring element 115 is implemented, for example, in the form of a spiral pressure spring or an elastic door seal.

The force holding the door is created by magnetic interaction. By changing the magnetic field by means of electric coils 107 and / or by moving the magnet or the iron core by the guide rod 111, various holding forces are realized when opening, locking or unlocking, in the unlocked and locked position. As a result, in the unlocked position, it is possible to achieve slight holding forces, i.e. efforts of staff not exceeding 50 N, and in the locked position - achieving high holding forces, for example 200 N. The part on the side of the door should be made of a material with high magnetic permeability.

In FIG. 2A shows a locking device 103 when the coil 107 is de-energized. The door 101 is open with a gap and held by the elastic element 115 at a distance from the locking device 103. The guide rod 111 is pressed against the magnetic parts 109-1 by the magnetic field of the permanent magnets 105-1 and 105-2 and 109-2, so that the magnetic field is directed to the region of the guide rod 111.

In FIG. 2B shows the locking device 103 when the coil 107 is de-energized after manually pressing and closing the door 101. The door 101 is pressed against the locking device 103, overcoming the elastic force of the elastic element 115, and held in this position by the magnetic field of the magnet 105-1, which has a holding the force on the locking bar 117 in the door. The holding force in this position is, for example, 50 N. On the other side of the locking device 103, the guide rod 111 is held by the permanent magnet 105-2 in the contact position with the magnetically conducting parts 109-1 and 109-2.

In FIG. 2C, the locking device 103 is shown in a position corresponding to the beginning of the positive directional electric current acting on the coil 107. The magnetic field generated by the coil 107 is superimposed on that magnetic field that is created by the permanent magnets 105-1 and 105-2. On the left side of the locking device 103, the magnetic field in the region of the guide rod 111 is canceled (opposite direction of the magnetic field lines). Then, the guide rod 111 is pressed with the spring element 113 outward. As a result, in the right part of the locking device 103, the magnetic field in the region of the locking rod 117 is amplified, so that the holding force between the locking device 103 and the locking rod 117 is increased, and the door 101 is locked. The holding force acting on the door 101 in this position is, for example, 280 N. After that, the electric current flowing through the coil 107 is interrupted.

In FIG. 2D shows the locking device 103 when the coil 107 is de-energized. The guide rod 111 is held by the elastic member 113 at a distance from the magnetically conducting parts 109-1 and 109-2, so that the magnetic fields generated by both permanent magnets 105-1 and 105-2 are shifted by the right side in the direction of the locking rod 117. The spring element 113 creates an air gap between the guide rod 111 and the magnetic parts 109-1 and 109-2. As a consequence of this, also in the de-energized position of the locking device 103, an increased holding force is maintained, so that the door 101 remains locked.

In FIG. 2E shows the locking device 103 in position when a higher positive voltage is applied to the coil 107 after the start of the opening phase to unlock and open the door 101. To unlock, first close the air gap between the guide rod 111 and the magnetic parts 109-1 and 109-2. This is accomplished by briefly supplying a higher voltage to the coil 107. The magnetic field thus created by the coil 107 enhances the magnetic field that is created by the permanent magnets 105-1 and 105-2. As a result, the magnetic field lines on the left side of the magnetically conducting parts 109-1 and 109-2 interact with the guide rod 111. The force exerted on the guide rod 111 exceeds the force of the spring member 113, so that the guide rod 111 is again attracted to the magnetically conducting parts 109-1 and 109-2. The holding force acting on the door 111, as a result, is further increased for a short period.

In FIG. 2F shows a locking device 103 with an adjacent guide rod 111 in position when a higher positive voltage is applied to the coil 107. Both the guide rod 111 and the locking rod 117 are held by the magnetic parts 109-1 and 109-2.

In FIG. 2G shows the locking device 103 in the de-energized position of the coil 107 with an adjacent guide rod 111. In the de-energized state, the position of the guide rod 111 is maintained. This position corresponds to the position of FIG. 2B, which is installed shortly after closing door 101.

In FIG. 2H, the locking device 103 is shown in position when negative voltage is applied to the coil 107. In this case, an oppositely directed magnetic field is created by the coil 107, which neutralizes the holding force of the permanent magnet 105-1. The holding force in this position is, for example, 0 N. Then, the elastic element 115 pushes the door 101 outward, and it is possible to manually open it. Perhaps the electrical control of the coil 107, carried out in the form of pulses or in the form of exposure to direct or alternating current for a limited time by means of an electrical circuit.

In FIG. 3A shows an embodiment of a locking device 103 in which a coil of a coil 107-1 is wound around a first magnetically conductive part 109-1 in a direction axially opposite to a direction of a coil of a coil 107-2 around a second magnetically conductive part 109-2. Coil 107-1 and coil 107-2 are connected in series. The guide rod 111 is strengthened by a single elastic member 113. Between the locking device 103 and the shutter rod 117, an elastic member 115 is provided to open the door 101 and / or to hold it in the region of the locking device 103.

When applying the winding sections, the winding direction of the individual winding sections is chosen so that the electromagnetic effects of the winding sections complement each other. In principle, dividing the coil into sections is not necessary. Nevertheless, the elastic member 113 may be connected to or connected to the housing in such a way that it creates a force acting on the separation of the guide rod 111 and the magnetically conductive parts 109-1 and 109-2.

In FIG. 3B shows an embodiment of a locking device 103 in which the winding of the coil 107-1 is wound around the first magnetically conductive part 109-1 axially in the same direction as the winding of the coil 107-2 around the second magnetically conductive part 109-2. Coil 107-1 and coil 107-2 are connected in series. The guide rod 111 is mounted on the magnetically conductive parts by means of two elastic elements 113-1 and 113-2. In the General case, one or more elastic elements can be provided. The elastic members 113-1 and 113-2 provide a force that counteracts the magnetic field.

The resilient member 115 is located in the area of the hinge not shown or in the front wall of the household appliance. In the general case, several resilient elements may also be provided for this purpose.

In FIG. 3C shows an embodiment of a locking device 103 with two coils 107-1 and 107-2, for which control is possible separately. In this embodiment, the return of the guide rod 111 is carried out by means of two elastic elements 113-1 and 113-2.

In FIG. 4A shows the construction of the electrically controlled part of the locking device in the housing 121 of the household appliance 100. The shutter rod 117 is located in the door 101. If the door 101 at least partially consists of a material with high magnetic permeability, the door itself forms a shutter rod 117. The thrust 117 of the shutter is not necessarily made as a separate part.

In FIG. 4B shows the construction of an electrically controlled part of the locking device in the door 101 of the household appliance 100. The shutter rod 117 is located in the housing 121.

In FIG. 5A shows a connection circuit 200 for controlling the locking device 103. The circuit 200 includes a voltage source 201, resistances 203-1, 203-2 and 203-3 and microswitches 205-1, 205-2, 205-3. Depending on the position of the switches 203-1, 203-2 and 203-3, the circuit 200 supplies voltage to the coil 107, creating two currents of different magnitude in the positive direction or one current in the negative direction, the values of which are determined by the resistances 203-1, 203- 2 and 203-3. As a result, they can be unlocked or locked, as well as open the door 101. However, in the general case, it is also possible to use other switching circuits with one or more coils.

In FIG. 5B shows yet another connection circuit 200 for controlling the locking device 103. In this embodiment, the voltage source is turned on in the opposite direction to FIG. 5A. The electrical circuits of the switches for monitoring the position of the door are not shown in the electrical diagrams.

Monitoring the locked or unlocked position of the locking device is possible by requesting the on state of the switch, which is electrically opened or closed by means of parts that are moved during locking or unlocking, for example, the guide rod 111. In addition, it is possible to control the closed or open position of the door by asking for the switch on the state of the switch, which is electrically opened or closed by means of parts moved during its closing or opening - for example Imer, door 101, or door lock shutter rod 117.

The locking device 103 allows, on the one hand, to open the door 101 from the inside in the unlocked position, so that an openable seal with a child safety function is achieved. On the other hand, the opening of the door 101 is achieved by means of the door open button, which unlocks the door 101 or opens it. Thanks to the locking device 103, the window design is simplified, which eliminates the need for a hook and a handle mechanism. The locking device 103 does not impose high requirements for tolerances in position in the vertical direction, as, for example, in the case of a hinged window.

All the features explained and shown in combination with individual embodiments of the invention can be provided in the subject invention in various combinations in order to realize their preferred effects simultaneously.

The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims and is not limited to the features explained in the description or shown in the figures.

Designations

100 household appliance

101 door

103 locking device

105 permanent magnet

107 coil

107-1 coil

107-2 coil

109 high magnetic permeability magnetic part

109-1 high magnetic permeability magnetically conductive part

109-2 high magnetic permeability magnetically conductive part

111 high magnetic permeability control rod

113 elastic element

115 elastic element

117 shutter rod with high magnetic permeability

119 magnetic field lines

121 building

200 connection diagram

201 voltage source

203-1 resistance

203-2 resistance

203-3 resistance

205-1 microswitch

205-2 microswitch

205-2 microswitch.

Claims (12)

1. A household appliance (100) with a door (101), characterized in that the household appliance (100) comprises a locking device (103) with at least one permanent magnet (105-1, 105-2) to create a holding force for holding doors (101) in the closed position, and a coil (107) to create a counter magnetic field to neutralize the holding force, and the locking device (103) is located in the door (101) or in the housing (121) of the household appliance (100), and the locking the device (103) contains a magnetically conductive part (109-1, 109-2) having a high magnetic permeability, for conducting a magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet (105-1, 105-2), and the coil (107) is wound around a magnetically conductive part (109-1, 109-2). 2. A household appliance (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the door (103) or the housing of the household appliance (100) comprises a shutter rod (117) for communication with a magnetic field. 3. A household appliance (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the locking device (103) comprises a first magnetically conductive part (109-1) and a second magnetically conductive part (109-2). 4. A household appliance (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that between the first magnetically conductive part (109-1) and the second magnetically conductive part (109-1) are a first permanent magnet (105-1) and a second permanent magnet (105- 2). 5. A household appliance (100) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the coil (107) is wound around the first magnetically conductive part (109-1) and the second magnetically conductive part (109-2). 6. A household appliance (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that the first magnetically conductive part (109-1) comprises a first coil (107-1), and the second magnetically conductive part (109-1) contains a second coil (107-2) . 7. A household appliance (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking device (103) comprises a movable guide rod (111) with high magnetic permeability for conducting a magnetic field. 8. A household appliance (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that the movable guide rod (111) is connected to the magnetically conductive part (109-1, 109-2) by means of an elastic element (113). 9. A household appliance (100) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the guide rod (111) is arranged to be superimposed on the first magnetically conductive part (109-1) and the second magnetically conductive part (109-1). 10. A household appliance (100) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the guide rod (111) is connected to the first magnetically conducting part (109-1) by means of the first elastic element (113-1) and by the second elastic element (113- 2) - with the second magnetically conducting part (109-2). 11. A household appliance (100) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the locking device (103) comprises a switch for registering the position of the guide rod (111). 12. A household appliance (100) according to one of paragraphs. 1-4, 6-8, characterized in that the household appliance (100) contains an elastic element (115) between the locking device (103) and the door (101).

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