RU2648540C2 - Method of moving object in airspace - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aircraft engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to aircraft engineering. Method of moving an object in the airspace is to bring parachutes to a specified altitude into the airspace, moving the object in the parachutes direction along cables fixed to the parachutes, keeping the object in the air due to the interaction of opened parachutes canopies with the relative airflow. Of all the parachutes previously been in the folded state on the site, n≥1 parachutes are brought to the specified altitude into the airspace with their canopies opening after being brought to the specified altitude. Then the object is brought into movement towards the opened parachutes along the cables attached to these parachutes. Then m≥1 parachutes, which are up to this point have been in the folded state on the site, are brought into the airspace and, after opening the canopies of the newly brought to the altitude m≥1 parachutes, canopies of the previously brought n≥1 parachutes are folded and moved back to the site. Movement of the object is continued along the cables attached to the opened m≥1 parachute in the direction of the open parachutes.

EFFECT: invention is aimed at increasing the efficiency of moving an object in the airspace using parachutes.

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Description

The invention relates to aircraft and can be used to move an object in airspace.

A well-known analogue is the RF patent No. 68461 for a utility model, 11/27/2007, including raising to a height in airspace two parachutes attached to the device lighter than air, and raising the object with a cable passing through the rollers fixed to the parachutes using a drive placed on the ground .

The disadvantages of the analogue are the low lifting height and the small distance of the horizontal movement of the object, due to the connection of the cable with the drive located on the ground.

There is a method of vertical movement of an object with its height-fixing in an amorphous medium - RF patent No. 2130408, 05.20.1999, which is the closest in essence to the proposed method and selected as a prototype, including the parachute output on a cable for the object body and the use of the interaction of its dome with an incoming mass flow of the amorphous medium under the interaction of the weight of the object, at least two parachutes are pulled out, and their cables are fixed on two pulleys connected to each other with the winding of the cables in different directions and a common reverse an apparent drive fixed to the canopy element with positive buoyancy and for movement from the drive pulley is rotated at a speed which provides the desired direction of movement of the drive reversal in the extreme positions of parachutes.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low efficiency of moving the object, due to several reasons. Firstly, the oncoming air flow creates a lot of resistance when the canopy of the parachute is pulled open, which is not effective in terms of energy consumption. Secondly, the lifting speed of an opened parachute with a helium ball will in most cases be lower than the speed of lowering an object with an opened parachute under the action of gravity, which excludes the possibility of moving the object up. And with the increase in the size of the balloon with helium necessary to increase the lifting force, a parachute becomes unnecessary, since the lifting force will be enough to lift the object, but this changes the way the object moves in airspace and reduces it to the method of lifting with the help of a balloon. When using the reactive thrust of gas supplied from the ground through pipes as a lifting force, inefficient use of energy also takes place, since in this case the gas supply pipeline will have to be lifted together with the object, the lifting mass of which will increase with increasing lifting height. This method also imposes restrictions on the height of the lift and the distance of horizontal movement of the object, which reduces the effectiveness of the method.

An object of the invention is to increase the efficiency of moving an object in airspace using parachutes.

The technical result of the invention is to reduce air resistance when parachuting and eliminating the need to use tools such as a cable fixed to the ground, cable, pipe, imposing restrictions on the height of the object and the distance of horizontal movement of the object.

The solution to the technical problem in the method of moving an object in airspace, which consists in bringing parachutes to a given height in airspace, moving the object in the direction of the parachutes along the cables attached to the parachutes, keeping the object in the air due to the interaction of the domes of the opened parachutes with an incoming air stream, is achieved the fact that of all parachutes that are previously in the folded state on the object, n≥1 parachutes are brought to a given height in the airspace with the opening of their ku floors after being brought to a predetermined height, after which they begin to move the object to the opened parachutes along the cables attached to these parachutes, m≥1 parachutes, which are still in the folded state at the object, are pulled out into the airspace and after the domes are opened, they are again elevated m≥1 parachutes of the dome n≥1 parachutes, previously removed, are folded and moved to the object, and the movement of the object is continued along the cables fixed to the opened m≥1 parachutes in the direction of the opened parachutes.

In FIG. 1 shows a front view of a moving object - a paratrooper with a minimum set of equipment necessary for moving.

In FIG. 2 shows a rear view of a moving object - a paratrooper with a minimum set of equipment necessary for moving.

In FIG. 3 shows the sequence of actions carried out in the method of moving an object in airspace over an object and parachutes.

In FIG. 4 shows an example implementation of a method for moving an object in mid-air using four parachutes.

Consider examples of a specific implementation of the method of moving an object in airspace.

As an object, a person acts as a paratrooper 1, depicted in FIG. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the initial position of which is standing on the ground. In FIG. 3 and 4, the object is depicted in a simplified manner. In the first example, two parachutes 2 are folded in metal capsules 3, placed in guide tubes 4, mounted on a rack 5 supporting the parachutist body 1. Capsules 3 are used to reduce air resistance when parachute 2 in capsule 3 is pulled out to a predetermined height. The paratrooper 1 starts the engine 6, mounted on a rack 5, which is used to drive the compressed air compressor (not shown in Fig.) And the drive used to move the paratrooper 1 along the cable 7.

The skydiver 1 takes one of the parachutes 2 into the airspace to the height by firing compressed air capsule 3 with the parachute 2 from the guide tube 4, as a result of which the parachute 2 in the capsule 3 takes off to a height of L = 50 m, as shown in FIG. 3a and 3b. At the end of the cable 7, one end of which is fixed to the rack 5 of the paratrooper 1, and the other to the parachute 2, there is a hook (not shown in Fig.) That drops the capsule 3 from the parachute 2. The empty capsule 3 returns to its original position - to the guide tube 4, and the parachute 2 unfolds as shown in FIG. 3b. This is facilitated by the built-in metal spokes and springs (not shown) in the canopy dome 2 and the cable tension 7.

The paratrooper 1 moves along the cable 7, as shown in FIG. 3c, in the direction of the parachute 2 by winding the cable 7 over a reel (not shown in FIG.), Driven by engine 6. The engine 6 is constantly running, and the clutch of its shaft with the shafts of the coils is automatically controlled. Due to this, each of the two coils begins to rotate only at the stage of lifting along the cable, which is wound on this coil. Then a coil with a wound cable is inserted into the capsule. The opening of the guide tube is closed tightly and air is pumped out from the compressor under the capsule, preparing a capsule with a parachute for the next shot. Placing a folded cable in a capsule solves a number of technical problems in preparing it for firing and at the same time gives it an additional impulse and does not create additional air friction. This step in FIG. not displayed. When shooting a parachute 2, the cable 7 is dropped from the coil and does not interfere with the flight of the capsule 3 with the parachute 2. The speed of the parachutist 1 on the cable 7 is Vp = 8 m / s. And the speed of lowering the parachute 2 with the paratrooper 1 under the action of gravity Vo = 4 m / s, depends on the size of the parachute 2 and the weight of the paratrooper 1 with the listed equipment. Skydiver 1 rises to a height of H1 in time t.

In this case, the lowering height of the parachute H2 for the same time is equal to

.

.

.Since Vп> Vo, then H1> Н2, therefore the paratrooper is understood to a height equal to

.

Next, a second parachute 2 is fired from the second tube, as shown in FIG. 3G In this case, the movement of the paratrooper 1 along the first cable 7 continues at a constant speed Vп. The second parachute 2 is deployed, as shown in FIG. 3d, and the paratrooper 1 begins to move at the same speed Vп along the cable 7, fixed to the second parachute 2. The first parachute 2 is pulled into the capsule 3 located in the tube 4. The above steps are repeated. The lift height in one cycle, including a single lift with two parachutes, is 2ΔN, FIG. 3rd.

Skydiver 1 can at any time stop the climb and go into planning mode, descending on one or two parachutes 2. To move the object in the horizontal direction, the capsule is shot not vertically upwards, but at an angle to the vertical in the desired direction. Thus, the object is displaced in the horizontal direction. To prevent the fired capsule 3 from falling into the open parachute 2, a radio sensor is installed on the parachutes 2, and a radio receiver is installed on the capsule 3 to avoid an accidental collision of two parachute systems. Information from the sensors goes to the parachute control unit, which is available to the parachutist.

In the second example shown in FIG. 4, four parachutes 2 are used. At the ends of the crosspiece 8, in the center of which the parachutist 1 stands, four guide tubes 4 are fastened, from which two parachutes 2 can be fired, located at opposite ends of the crosspiece 8. In this embodiment, the parachutist 1 rises simultaneously in two cables 7, fixed to two parachutes 2. Due to the fact that the parachutes are shot not vertically upwards, but at an angle, in the second example the parachutist is moved without fluctuations characteristic of the first version, in which the paratrooper is constantly tilts from side to side due to the change of parachutes.

The method is focused on the possibility of using a wide range of parachutes 2, engines 6, compressors, ejection systems of parachutes and cables 7. The size and shape of the parachute 2 affect its lift, lowering speed Vo, maneuverability and weight. Engine power affects the speed Vp of lifting the paratrooper 1 along the cable 7. For lifting the paratrooper 1, it is recommended to use engines having a power of 20 hp or more. and higher. The maximum overpressure that the compressor can provide determines the maximum height L to which the parachute can be delivered. To lift the paratrooper 1, it is recommended to use a compressor capable of creating a pressure of at least 5 atmospheres. In order to provide additional security, a squib can be installed under the back of the paratrooper.

The technical result of the invention is achieved due to:

- bringing the parachute to the required height when folded in the capsule and opening it after lifting to the height, which saves energy costs by reducing the air resistance force and increases the speed of the parachute;

- an exception to the method of action associated with the use of means fixed to the ground and to the moving object and restricting the movement of the object.

The proposed technical solution increases the efficiency of moving an object in airspace using parachutes and allows you to move in all directions.

Claims (1)

The method of moving an object in airspace, which consists in bringing parachutes to a given height in airspace, moving the object in the direction of the parachutes along the cables attached to the parachutes, keeping the object in the air due to the interaction of the domes of the opened parachutes with an incoming air stream, characterized in that of all parachutes that are previously in the folded state at the object, n≥1 parachutes are brought to a predetermined height in the airspace with the opening of their domes after being brought to the rear height, after which they begin to move the object to the open parachutes along the cables attached to these parachutes, m≥1 parachutes, which are still in the folded state at the object, are pulled out into the airspace and after the domes have been opened, m≥1 parachutes are raised to a height the domes of n≥1 parachutes, previously withdrawn, are folded and moved to the object, and the movement of the object is continued along the cables fixed to the opened m≥1 parachutes in the direction of the opened parachutes.

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