RU2647386C1 - System for industrial production of yarns from composite polyethylennaphthalate material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textile manufacture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a system for industrial production of polyester yarn for use in industrial production of sheet, in which a polyethylennaphthalate (PEN) material and a liquid crystalline polymer material are used.

EFFECT: thus, the tensile strength, the stiffness to yield point and the dimensional stability of the obtained material are improved.

16 cl, 1 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a system for the industrial production of polyester yarn, in which, through the addition, the mechanical properties of the yarn (tensile strength, elastic modulus, dimensional stability) are improved for use in industrial production of the web.

State of the art

The plain weave fabric (chafer) of the conveyor belt, as well as materials for membranes and coatings should have improved mechanical properties and a strong structure. Such embodiments require process improvements without significantly increasing costs, and the resulting fiber should have a high modulus of elasticity and improved dimensional stability compared to a standard fiber. For this reason, research has been conducted to produce self-hardening composite yarn based on polyethylene naphthalate (PEN).

Liquid crystalline polymers (LCPs), which can be used as a hardening phase in various polymeric materials, are polymers having high performance and unique structure, which are composed of long, rigid, rod-like molecules with a high degree of orientation. These rod-shaped molecules are oriented in the direction of flow during injection or extrusion molding.

LCP-containing molded products exhibit very high dimensional stability, even when they are heated to a temperature of 200 to 250 ° C. The melting point of some classes of LCP can be up to 300 ° C. As a rule, LCP can be used as an additive in many areas, depending on its properties. Examples of such areas include electronic and electrical components, as well as fuel and gas impermeable structures and sensors.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to provide a system for the industrial production of polyester yarn into which a liquid crystal polymer is added.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a system for the industrial production of yarn, in which polyethylene naphthalate is used as a polymer.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a system for the industrial production of yarn having improved tensile strength and elastic modulus.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In order to accomplish the objectives of the present invention, for the industrial production of polyethylene naphthalate yarn to which LCP is added, a system has been developed which is illustrated in FIG. 1, which schematically depicts a system for the production of yarn according to the present invention.

Each of the components that are illustrated in FIG. 1 is indicated by a conventional number as follows:

1. System for the industrial production of yarn

2. Block producing the initial mixture

21. Loading source particles block

22. The extruder of the initial melt

23. The cooling source of the melt block

3. The block producing the primary mixture

31. Particle loading and dilution unit

32. Primary melt extruder

33. The cooling primary melt block

4. Loading primary particles block

5. Extruder

6. Cooling unit

7. Roller

71. Primary roller

72. Secondary roller

73. Tertiary roller

74. Quaternary roller

8. Hot camera

81. The first hot chamber

82. The second hot chamber

9. Winding unit

According to the present invention, there is provided a system for the industrial production of composite polyethylene naphthalate yarn, wherein system (1) mainly includes:

at least one block (2) producing the initial mixture in which the initial polymer particles are made,

at least one unit (3) producing the primary mixture, in which the primary polymer mixture is produced by diluting the initial polymer mixture with a base polymer,

at least one primary particle loading unit (4), in which the polymer particles forming the primary mixture are filled and heated,

at least one extruder (5), in which the primary polymer mixture obtained in the block loading the primary particles (4) is melted and during spinning is converted into fibers using a die located on the outlet,

- at least one cooling unit (6), in which the material coming from the extruder (5) is cooled,

- at least one roller (7), on which the material is stretched and oriented,

at least one hot chamber (8) in which the material is annealed,

- at least one winding unit (9), in which the material is stretched by means of rollers (7) during cooling and heating and wound in the form of yarn.

The initial mixture producing unit (1), which is present in the system according to the present invention (1), includes:

at least one source particle loading unit (21) in which polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and liquid crystal polymer (LCP) are mixed,

at least one extruder of the initial melt (22), in which the initial molten mixture is extruded,

- at least one cooling initial melt block (23), in which the material coming from the extruder of the initial melt (22) is cooled.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention in system (1), the mass ratio of PEN: LCP in the mixture manufactured in the feed particle loading unit (21) is 60:40. The source material, which is manufactured at this ratio, hardens in the cooling unit (23), melts and mixes in a twin-screw extruder (22), turns into particles.

The primary mixture generating unit (3) includes:

at least one particle loading and dilution block (31), in which polymer particles coming from the block (2) producing the initial mixture are melted and diluted by adding PEN,

at least one primary melt extruder (32) in which the primary initial molten mixture is extruded,

- at least one cooling primary melt block (33), in which the material is cooled, which comes from the extruder of the main melt (32).

Particles of the initial mixture manufactured in the block (2) producing the initial mixture are sent to the primary melt-producing block (3), and polymer particles diluted by adding pure PEN are introduced into it. The starting mixture PEN: LCP is mixed with PEN until the relative content of LCP in the loading particles and dilution unit (31) is 1 to 3% by weight. When the above process is carried out, the temperature is preferably from 260 to 300 ° C.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the molecular weight of the obtained mixed polymer particles increases at the outlet of the primary mixture producing block (3) and their intrinsic viscosity (IV) increases and exceeds 1 dl / g at a temperature of 240 to 250 ° C. during the solid phase polymerization, which takes from 12 to 24 hours. Here, the goal is to increase the molecular weight and obtain a suitable polymer for stretching the yarn by reducing the destruction and movement of the chain in p extrusion process. As a result of solid phase polymerization, the percentage crystallinity is more than 100%.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the particles obtained in the primary mixture producing unit (3) and having a higher intrinsic viscosity by solid phase polymerization are dried in a vacuum oven for at least 24 hours at a temperature of 120 to 140 ° C and placed in the block loading the primary particles (4) in a nitrogen atmosphere at 120 ° C. In order to prevent hydrolytic decomposition, the moisture content of mixed and solid-phase polymerized particles should be less than 60 ppm before being placed in an extruder (32).

The primary polymer mixture, which comes from the block (3) producing the primary mixture, is transferred to the block (4) loading the primary particles and dried in it at a temperature of 100 to 120 ° C and sent to the extruder (5), in which it heats up to a temperature of 290 to 320 ° C. The PEN-LCP polymer mixture containing from 1 to 3 wt.% LCP is converted into fibers by means of a die located at the outlet of the extruder (5). According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the length and diameter of the die that is used in the outlet of the extruder (5) is from 2 to 5, and the hole diameter is 1 mm. The flow rate of the jet of material from the extruder (5) is from 6 to 7 m / min, the residence time of the material in the extruder is from 11 to 12 minutes. Here, the throughput is set at a level of 6 to 7 g / min.

The PEN-LCP fiber, which comes from the extruder (5), moves into the cooling unit (6), preferably cooled by cooling water. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the length of the cooling unit is 70 cm and its temperature is from 80 to 95 ° C. According to the same embodiment, the distance between the extruder (5) and the cooling unit (6) is set to a maximum of 10 cm. The yarn that exits the cooling unit (6) first enters the primary roller (71) and then goes to the secondary roller (72). According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the primary roller (71) is from 100 to 140 ° C, and the temperature of the secondary roller (72) is from 140 to 160 ° C. The process of stretching the yarn in the cold state is carried out between these rollers (7).

The yarn that comes from the secondary roller (72) moves to the first hot chamber (81) and is heated by hot air to a temperature of 200 to 250 ° C, and then moves to the tertiary roller (73). The temperature of the tertiary roller (73) can range from 200 to 250 ° C. Thus, hot stretching is performed between the secondary roller (72) and the tertiary roller (73).

The yarn that comes from the tertiary roller (73) is sent to the second hot chamber (82), in which the temperature is from 120 to 180 ° C. The yarn enters the quaternary roller (74), which is a final roller that does not have heat and is at room temperature; here relaxation takes place, the degree of which is from 1 to 2%, and then the yarn is sent to the winding unit (9) for winding.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the speed of the primary roller (71) and the speed at the exit of the extruder (5) is from 4 to 6. The ratio of the speed of the tertiary roller (73) and the speed of the primary roller (71) can be from 5 to 6.5 .

When comparing the tensile strength and the elastic modulus of a polyethylene naphthalate yarn containing PEN additive in an amount of 1 to 3% and obtained using the system according to the present invention (1) and a yarn made of pure polyethylene naphthalate material with a total tensile multiplicity of 6, the tensile strength of the composite yarn made in the system according to the present invention is higher by 40-45%, and its modulus of elasticity is more by 5-10%. When the total tensile multiplicity is more than 6, the increase in tensile strength is from 25 to 30%. The increase in elastic modulus is from 2 to 5%. When dimensional stability is considered, in the case of polyethylene naphthalate yarn containing PEN additive in an amount of 1 to 3%, the dimensional stability is 15-25% higher than in the case of pure polyethylene naphthalate yarn, with a stretch ratio of 6.

The conversion coefficient is from 80 to 90% when the monofilament yarn that is manufactured in the system according to the present invention is twisted in a two-layer form by 50 twists.

Claims (27)

1. A system for the industrial production of yarn from a composite polyethylene naphthalate material, comprising: at least one block (2) producing the initial mixture in which the initial polymer particles are made, at least one unit (3) producing the primary mixture, in which the primary polymer mixture is made and converted into particles by using the original polymer particles, at least one primary particle loading unit (4), in which the polymer particles forming the primary mixture are filled and heated, at least one extruder (5), in which the primary polymer mixture obtained in the primary particle loading block (4) is melted and converted into fibers using a die located at the outlet, - at least one cooling unit (6), in which the material coming from the extruder (5) is cooled, - at least one roller (7), on which the material is stretched and oriented, at least one hot chamber (8) in which the material is annealed, - at least one winding unit (9), in which the material is stretched using rollers (7) during cooling and heating and wound in the form of yarn, characterized in that in the system: - polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and liquid crystal polymer (LCP) are mixed in a ratio of 60:40, respectively, in the unit (2) producing the initial mixture, while - the relative content of LCP in the mixture is reduced to 1-3 wt.% when the initial mixture is diluted by adding PEN in the unit producing the primary mixture (3). 2. A system (1) for the industrial production of yarn from a composite polyethylene naphthalate material according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a block (2) producing the initial mixture, in which at least one block (21) loading the source particles is located, in which polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and liquid crystal polymer (LCP) are mixed by loading in a weight ratio of 60:40, respectively, at least one extruder of the initial melt (22), in which the initial mixture is melted and extruded; at least one melt cooling source block (23), in which the material coming from the extruder of the initial melt (22) is cooled. 3. A system (1) for the industrial production of yarn from a composite polyethylene naphthalate material according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that it comprises a primary mixture producing unit (3), in which at least one particle loading and dilution unit (31) are located, in which the polymer particles coming from the producing unit of the initial mixture of the block (2) are melted and diluted by adding PEN so that the relative content of LCP is from 1 to 3 wt.%; at least one primary melt extruder (32), wherein the primary initial molten mixture is extruded; at least one cooling primary melt block (33), in which the material coming from the main melt extruder (32) is cooled. 4. System (1) for the industrial production of yarn from a composite polyethylene naphthalate material according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that it contains a particle loading and dilution unit (31), into which PEN is added until the relative content of LCP in the mixture is ranges from 1 to 3 wt.%, and the initial mixture of PEN and LCP is extruded at a temperature of 260 to 300 ° C. 5. A system (1) for the industrial production of yarn from a composite polyethylene naphthalate material according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that it comprises a primary particle loading unit (4), in which particles obtained at the outlet of the primary mixture producing unit (3) are loaded in a nitrogen atmosphere at 120 ° C after drying in a vacuum oven for at least 24 hours at a temperature of from 120 to 140 ° C. 6. System (1) for the industrial production of yarn from a composite polyethylene naphthalate material according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that it contains an extruder (5), in which the primary polymer mixture is converted into fiber, and which contains a die with a ratio of length and length the diameter is from 2 to 5, and the diameter of the hole is 1 mm. 7. System (1) for the industrial production of yarn from a composite polyethylene naphthalate material according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that it contains an extruder (5), in which the flow rate of the stream of the polymer mixture in the form of fiber is from 6 to 7 m / min. 8. System (1) for the industrial production of yarn from a composite polyethylene naphthalate material according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that it contains an extruder (5), in which the throughput of the polymer mixture in the form of fiber is set at 6 to 7 g / min . 9. System (1) for industrial production of yarn from a composite polyethylene naphthalate material according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that it contains a cooling unit (6), in which the fiber coming from the extruder (5) is cooled by cooling water to a temperature of from 80 to 95 ° C. 10. System (1) for the industrial production of yarn from a composite polyethylene naphthalate material according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that it contains a primary roller (71) onto which the fiber coming from the cooling block (6) is moved at a temperature of 100 to 140 ° C. 11. System (1) for the industrial production of yarn from a composite polyethylene naphthalate material according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that it contains a secondary roller (72) at a temperature of 140 to 160 ° C, into which the fiber coming from the primary roller (71), and in which the fiber is stretched in the cold state. 12. System (1) for the industrial production of yarn from a composite polyethylene naphthalate material according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that it is equipped with a first hot chamber (81), into which the fiber coming from the secondary roller (72) is moved, and in which it is used hot air at a temperature of 200 to 250 ° C. 13. System (1) for the industrial production of yarn from a composite polyethylene naphthalate material according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that it contains a tertiary roller (73), at which the temperature is from 200 to 250 ° C, on which the fiber coming from the first hot chamber (81), and in which the fiber is subjected to stretching in the hot state. 14. System (1) for the industrial production of yarn from a composite polyethylene naphthalate material according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that it contains a second hot chamber (82), in which the temperature is from 120 to 180 ° C and into which the fiber entering from the tertiary roller (73). 15. System (1) for the industrial production of yarn from a composite polyethylene naphthalate material according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that it contains a quaternary roller (73) that does not have heating, onto which the fiber coming from the second hot chamber (82), and on which the fiber is stretched in a hot state. 16. System (1) for the industrial production of yarn from a composite polyethylene naphthalate material according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that it contains a winding unit (9), in which the fiber coming from the tertiary roller (74) is wound in the form of yarn by relaxation component from 1 to 2%.

Images