RU2646645C1 - Portable cuisine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: instrument engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods for increasing the operational and technical characteristics of technical cooking equipment in the field. Portable kitchen contains a three-section telescopic combustion chamber. In this case, the sections are fixed one on the other on the flanges, increasing the volume of the combustion chamber, on the upper section the deflector fixing the cooking vessel is fixed. On the outer and inner surfaces of the cooking vessel there is a durable ceramic coating with a thickness of 1 mm of different composition: silicate adhesive and soot on the outer surface – absorbing the short-wave part of the visible light of the flame, and silicate glue and oxides of iron, chromium and titanium on the inner surface – converting radiant energy into water in the form of long-wave infrared radiation.

EFFECT: technical result is an increase in the coefficient of efficiency, the service life, the increase in the volume of the furnace and the offer of the mobile configuration for transportation.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

Portable kitchen

The invention relates to methods for improving the operational and technical characteristics of technical means of cooking in the field.

It is known that during the transition from cast-iron digestion boilers to boilers made of thin-walled stainless steel, the conditions of heat transfer to the cooking dish changed dramatically. Boilers 3-4 times faster began to be covered with a thick porous layer of soot, which is a good heat insulator, and the process of boiling water slowed down 2 times. In addition, it was noted that even with clean soot-free boilers, the boiling time of the same amount of water also increased.

The physical meaning of these phenomena can be explained by the fact that during the fire heating of boilers located in the immediate vicinity of the torch, the cold surfaces of the boiler cool the combustion zone too much, and when the flame touches the cold walls, the combustion is completely interrupted, resulting in products of incomplete combustion, which in the form of soot are deposited on the surface of the boiler; in addition, due to the high temperature of the gases and the small thickness of the walls of the boilers, the Leidenfrost effect (heat transfer to water through the vapor layer) is clearly manifested and food burns. Thus, the existing design of thermal units for field kitchens has significant drawbacks in that there is an uneven distribution of heat between the boilers along the duct, and negatively affects the heating of the digestion vessel, which overheats in one place and quickly fails.

Known two-folding folding stove containing a combustion chamber made of three rectangular sections connected by at least two axes (patent RU 2323388 C1) [1].

The prototype has significant disadvantages: a small volume of the furnace; through the chimney, the heat with the flue gases directly leaves, it does not allow to cook three dishes at once.

An object of the invention is to increase the efficiency, service life, increase the volume of the furnace and offer a mobile layout for transportation.

The technical problem is solved due to the fact that the portable kitchen contains a three-section telescopic combustion chamber, characterized in that the sections are fixed one on top of the flanges, increasing the volume of the combustion chamber, a deflector fixing the cooking vessel is fixed on the outer and inner surfaces of the cooking vessel a durable ceramic coating 1 mm thick of different compositions was applied: silicate glue and soot on the outer surface - absorbing the short-wave part of the visible light of the flame, and silicate glue about acids of iron, chromium and titanium on the inner surface - converting the radiating energy into water in the form of long-wave infrared radiation.

The technical result of the invention consists in increasing the volume of the combustion chamber while lowering the temperature of the superheated wall of the cooking vessel due to its heat-insulating properties and partial reflection of radiation from the combustion products, in increasing mobility during transportation.

Applying a layer of ceramic coating on the outer surface of the cooking vessel increases the efficiency of the thermal block of the field kitchen by 9-11% and accelerates the process of boiling water by 10-12%.

New in the proposed method is that the ceramic coating is sprayed with a thickness of about 1.0 mm on the outer and inner walls of the cooking vessel.

The portable kitchen is illustrated in FIG. 1, on which is indicated: pos. 1 - a door; pos. 2 - rotary support; pos. 3 - section; pos. 4 - deflector; pos. 5 - pipe; pos. 6 - flanging; pos. 7 - a cooking vessel; pos. 8 - aperture; pos. 9 - ceiling; pos. 10 - hole; pos. 11 - window, pos. 12 - combustion chamber.

A portable kitchen consists of a section (3) (as an option, three, different in volume), inside of which a flanging is fixed rigidly (with a welding seam) (6). The deflector (4) (as an option, an iron sheet) is rigidly fixed to the upper part of the middle section (3) so that the flame does not go to the pipe (5). At the upper section (3) in the upper part, the ceiling (9) is rigidly fixed, in which an aperture (8) has been made (three, of different sizes, as an option), a hole (10) has been made in the side wall to which the pipe (5) is fixed . The floor is rigidly fixed to the lower section (3), the door (1) is movably fixed on the side, and the window (11) is drilled from the front side (several, as an option). Swivel bearing (2) (as an option, two, from a metal wire) is movably fixed to the upper section (3) from the outside. A cooking vessel (7) (as an option, three, made of food-grade stainless steel, different in volume, with the possibility of assembly on the principle of "Matryoshka").

In order to change the heat flux from superheated flue gases into water, a strong ceramic coating 1 mm thick was applied to the walls of the cooking vessel (7) of the outer and inner surfaces, of different compositions: the outer one absorbing the short-wavelength part of the visible flame light (silicate glue + soot), the inner one converts radiating energy into water in the form of long-wave infrared radiation (the principle of multicooking is used) silicate glue + a set of oxides of iron, chromium and titanium)).

The portable kitchen has a furnace volume larger due to the fact that the section (3) is supported by the weight on the flanging (6), one on top of the other. The cooking vessel (7) lowers through the opening (8) onto the deflector (4) and protrudes by 2/3. The deflector (4) avoids the direct effect of the flame on the brewing vessel (7) and the direct escape of the flame through the pipe (5).

The portable kitchen is assembled in the transport position as follows: the cooking vessel (7) is inserted one into the other. A pipe (5) and a swivel bearing (2) are laid inside the smaller cooking vessel (7). The cooking vessel (7) is placed through the door (1) inside the kitchen. Section (3) is lowered and fixed.

An experiment conducted in August 2016 confirmed the correctness of the proposed ceramic coatings and the thickness of the coating.

The preparation of the experiment was as follows: a strong ceramic coating with a thickness of 1 mm of different composition was applied to the cooking vessel of the outer and inner surfaces: the outer one absorbing the short-wave part of the visible light of the flame, the inner one converting the radiating energy into water in the form of long-wave infrared radiation.

In this case, a smooth glazed glassy surface with high strength was formed. Then the cooking vessel was used for experimental research. The experiment was carried out using solid fuel (wood), FIG. 2.

An increase in the heat transfer coefficient to water in the cooking vessel was experimentally confirmed and is shown in FIG. 2 - time of boiling water in a portable kitchen: 1 - with design changes; 2 - no design changes; 3 - portable kitchen KP - 10. Reducing the heat loss of the gas stream due to the distribution of heat along the walls of the cooking leads to an acceleration of boiling water by 12-16% (2-3 minutes), the efficiency of the heat unit increased by 11-13%; solid fuel savings of 8%.

Such a coating further reduced the rate of soot deposits. The useful heat load was determined by the values of the water temperature from thermometers and thermocouples placed in the digestion boilers, as well as by timing the corresponding time interval.

Thus, the design changes of the portable kitchen allow you to increase the volume of the furnace, increase the efficiency, life and create a mobile layout for transportation.

Literature

1. Patent RU 2323388. Folding stove.

Claims (1)

A portable kitchen containing a three-section telescopic combustion chamber, characterized in that the sections are fixed one on the other on the flange, increasing the volume of the combustion chamber, a deflector fixing the cooking vessel is fixed on the upper section, a durable ceramic coating 1 mm thick is applied to the outer and inner surfaces of the cooking vessel of different composition: silicate glue and soot on the outer surface - absorbing the short-wave part of the visible light of the flame, and silicate glue and oxides of iron, chromium and titanium on the inside enney surface - transforming radiant energy into water in the form of long-wave infrared radiation.

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