RU2642996C2 - Wind-hydro-electric power plant based on magnus effect application - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power industry.

SUBSTANCE: wind-hydro-electric power plant consists of windwheel containing rotating cylinders, of a cylinder actuator, a power source, a power generator kinematically connected with the wind wheel, wherein the axes of the cylinders, located vertically, are placed in the upper and lower bearing supports connected with flexible links of the cylinders. Other bearing supports moving in the chases of the upper and lower plant plates along a closed ring are connected to these flexible links on the other side. The cylinder actuation of forward and reverse rotation on the windward and leeward side is carried out by flexible links of cylinder actuator contacting with the cylinders from support rollers kinetically connected to the electric motors. A brake device for the cylinders is provided in the power plant, moving from the windward zone to the leeward zone and back, as well as actuation of all the cylinders from one electric motor.

EFFECT: increased output power and increased efficiency.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The proposed wind power installation relates to devices for converting wind or hydraulic energy into mechanical or electrical.

Known "Wind turbine and the way it works" by N. Bychkova according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 21118699, containing a wind wheel with a horizontal axis of rotation and radially mounted cylinders with end washers and longitudinal turbulators, as well as a cylinder drive, a generator, the cylinders being made up of rotating and non-rotating parts and equipped with turbolizers [1].

This design and other similar ones with a horizontal axis of rotation and radially mounted cylinders have restrictions on the length of the cylinders. This is due to the increase in weight, with the structural complexity of the nodes and low reliability. To increase the Magnus force, it is necessary to increase the length of the cylinders, as proved in [2], which is difficult to implement in installations with a horizontal axis, as evidenced by the experience of the development and testing of Aerolla wind turbines [3]. This is due, in particular, to the fact that the cylinders are fixed only from one end close to the center of rotation of the wind wheel.

Also known [3] "Wind turbine" by N. Bychkov and others according to RF patent No. 2381380, containing a wind wheel with a horizontal axis of rotation and separately mounted Magnus rotors in the form of cylinders, as well as a cylinder drive and an electric generator, the rotor being made with a non-rotating root and rotating end parts and with a washer at the end, and a rotating the part is made of a cylindrical part with a truncated cone at the end, while the surfaces of the cylinder and the housing are made with spiral auger ribs [4].

In this invention, the inductive resistance from rotation of the cylinders is reduced, the cost of power to drive the rotation of the cylinders is reduced, which allows to obtain a large specific power from the installation.

However, the present invention has the same drawbacks as other of the above analogues with a horizontal axis of rotation.

From the literature [2] it is known that in order to increase the technical characteristics and other reliability parameters of such units, it is necessary to take into account the continuous flow around the cylinders, the rotational speed and the ratio of length to cylinder diameter more than 12 times.

However, an increase in the geometric dimensions of the cylinders in installations with a horizontal axis of rotation and an increase in the number of revolutions of the cylinders reduces reliability, since the radially arranged cylinders have only support in the hub of the wind wheel, which causes vibrations, lateral bending forces, and continuous flow of the wind around the cylinders is not ensured.

A wind turbine is also known, such as Madaras, with cylinders vertically mounted on a trolley that move along closed rail tracks. A similar wind turbine of low power was developed at the University of Dayton (USA) and tested in an aerodynamic tube [5].

A project of this wind turbine with a capacity of 228 MW with cylinders with a diameter of 4.9 and a height of 39 m, which are mounted on bogies moving along a closed track 3 ... 19 km long, has been developed. The cylinders are driven by reversible electric motors with a frequency of 186 rpm. This project has not yet been implemented at high power, in our opinion, for the same reason: the cylinders had only one support at the bottom of the carts in the place of mounting the drive from the electric motor.

The closest technical solution is “Wind turbine with Magnus effect. Variants ”by S. Scheklein authors and Popova A.I. according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2526127, IPC F03D 1/00 [6].

The wind turbine consists of a wind wheel containing rotating cylinders, a cylinder drive, a power source, an electric generator kinematically connected to the wind wheel and a device for orienting the wind engine to the wind flow, and the wind wheel located horizontally is made in the form of a drum, from the ends of which are fixed on the fixed axis in the supports rotating disks, and in them around the circumference on their axes are cylinders with a drive.

.In this invention, the inductive resistance from rotation of the cylinders is reduced, the reliability of the device is increased, and the vibrations are reduced due to the fastening of the cylinders from both ends in the disks and, as a result, continuous flow of the cylinders by the wind flow is ensured. In addition, a number of restrictions on the increase in cylinder length and compliance with the conditions have been removed.

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However, this device has a limit on maximum power due to increasing structural complexity and the concentration of significant rotating masses in dimensions limited by unit disks. To increase the output power, it is necessary to increase the surface area swept by the flow, and, accordingly, the overall dimensions and weight of the installation.

The task of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages of the prototype, increasing the efficiency and power generated by the device.

Technical advantages of the claimed technical solution are as follows:

- wind turbine cylinders are placed vertically and can be moved through the bearing supports in the grooves of the upper and lower plates, and the upper and lower supports of all cylinders are interconnected by flexible connections, which allows not to limit the dimensions, length and number of working cylinders, creating a total traction force to generate large capacities;

- placement and movement of cylinders in a closed ring (ellipse) with simultaneous drive, rotation of the cylinders on the windward side in one direction, and of the cylinders on the leeward side in the opposite direction, due to the simultaneous movement of all cylinders, increased thrust force transmitted through a flexible connection (chain) on the drive wheel of the generator, which allows to increase the output power of the device to large values;

- increase the efficiency of the device due to the creation of a continuous flow around the flow of cylinders, as they are fastened at both ends in bearing bearings;

- increase the efficiency of the device due to the use of end washers on the cylinders, limiting the unwanted flow of flows.

As a result of a search by sources of patent and scientific and technical information, the totality of features characterizing the described “Wind and Hydroelectric Power Plant Based on the Use of the Magnus Effect” was not found. Thus, in our opinion, this decision meets the criterion of "novelty."

Based on a comparative analysis of the proposed solution with the prior art, it can be argued that between the set of distinctive features, their functions and the task achieved, the proposed technical solution does not follow explicitly from the prior art and meets the eligibility criterion of "inventive step".

The proposed technical solution can be used as a large-capacity wind turbine, as well as as a hydroelectric power plant installed on sea and ocean currents (for example, by analogy with propeller offshore hydroelectric power plants installed on the Gulf Stream off the US coast).

The scheme of the “Wind-hydro installation based on the use of the Magnus effect” is shown in the drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a general top view of the installation with conditionally removed top plate, in FIG. 2 shows “view A” - a cutout in FIG. 1 for two adjacent cylinders in the direction of flow "V".

Between the support columns 1, an upper plate 2 is placed, see FIG. 2 (in Fig. 1 it is removed for clarity) and the lower plate 3, inside of which the wind wheel moves along the ring of the rotating cylinders 4 ... 15, whose axes 16 have upper and lower bearing bearings 17 and 18 connected to the upper and lower flexible coupling 19 and 20 (used, for example, multi-row chains), the latter being supported by their additional bearing bearings 21 (Fig. 2) located in the grooves (grooves) 22, 23 of the upper plate 2 and the lower plate 3. Drive motors 24 and 25, the roller bearings 26, 27 placed on the axes are rotated by means of their flexible e connection 28 in contact with the cylinder and causing the cylinder to rotate, wherein the flexible connection arranged on the windward side of the rotating cylinder on one side and on the leeward side - in the opposite, and the rotational frequency may be set to the source 29 of electric power. An output power generator 30 is driven by a drive wheel 31 connected to flexible links 19 and / or 20, and braking devices 32 are used to stop the cylinders before changing their direction of rotation at the boundaries between the windward and leeward sides.

"Wind turbine based on the use of the Magnus effect" works as follows.

Drive wind motors 24 and 25, kinematically connected with any of the roller bearings 26 and 27, with the help of the latter move the flexible connections 28, which are in contact with the cylinders 4 ... 15, and rotate them. At the same time, cylinders 4 ... 7 located on the windward side rotate in the bearing bearings 17 and 18 in one direction, and cylinders 10 ... 13 in the opposite direction. Cylinders 9 and 15 rotate when moving from one side to the other by inertia to slow down and do not generate lift, and cylinders 8 and 14 are completely braked by device 32 before changing the direction of rotation to the opposite at the boundaries between the windward and leeward sides of the installation.

In the presence of a wind flow "V" and the rotation of the cylinders from their drive on the windward side, they will be affected by the lifting force caused by the Magnus effect (Fig. 1 shows the direction of the force F _{M in the} arrow), moving the cylinders 4 ... 7, which are supported by their bearings supports 21 in the grooves 22 and 23 of the upper and lower plates, while the force is uniformly transmitted to the upper and lower flexible connections 19 and 20, forcing all cylinders connected together by flexible connections to move, forming a wind wheel with vertical cylinders, moving parallel about a vertical axis in a vicious circle.

After passing part of the wind flow V ₁ into the wind turbine structure, it acts at a given moment on the cylinders 10 ... 13, rotating in the opposite direction, therefore, the resulting lifting force caused by the Magnus effect (in Fig. 1 the arrow shows the direction of force F _M1 ) will be directed according to the force F _M in a circular rotation, summing the total force on the movement of the cylinders 4 ... 15, connected by flexible connections 19, 20 together.

The drive wheel 31 connected to the flexible coupling 19 (20) transmits the total force (F _M + F _M1 ) to the shaft of the electric generator 30, from which electric power is transmitted to the consumer.

When designing such a wind turbine of high power, the upper plate 2 can be replaced by four beams around the perimeter of the installation, to which are attached the channel (rails) with guide channels.

Rotating cylinders can have a design taper [9] to reduce inductive resistance and be equipped with end disks that exclude flow over the cylinders and its stall (not shown in the drawings).

The proposed installation can also be used on river or sea currents, while to simplify the sealing task, the electric motors 24, 25 should be placed on the elongated axes of the roller bearings 26, 27, and the generator 30 on the elongated axis of the actuator 31 above the surface of the water on the site as part of the installation.

Studies conducted by the Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics SB RAS [13] prove the prospect of using the Magnus effect, in particular, for wind turbines with a horizontal axis of rotation, the operating range of wind speeds from 2 to 40 m / s, maximum power up to 2 MW for diameter wind wheels about 50 m.

It is obvious that the proposed technical solution with a wind wheel made of vertically mounted cylinders moving in a circle removes the limitation on further increasing the power of the unit.

For engineering calculations of the structures of the proposed wind hydroelectric power plants for medium (over 100 kW) and megawatt power units, it is advisable to use cylinders - carbon fiber blades, manufactured by Avangard LLC [14] (dealer of Giddiya M LLC). In particular, tanks and pipes with a diameter of more than 4 meters and at the request of the customer of any length are manufactured at this enterprise. Such cylinders - blades would have a minimum weight compared to similar metal products.

According to the authors, the claimed technical solution allows you to create a fundamentally new and effective design, since the effect of Magnus force exceeds the wing lift in other designs of existing wind turbines.

Information sources

1. Bychkov N.M. Wind turbine and how it works. RF patent №2118699, IPC F03D 1/00 (analogue).

2. Bychkov N.M. Magnus effect wind turbine. Characteristics of a rotating cylinder. “Thermophysics and Aeromechanics”, 2005, v. 12, No. 1, p. 159-175.

3. Rotary wind turbine "Aerolla". Developer LLC Aerolla, Minsk.

4. Bychkov N.M., Sorokin A.M., Nobuhiro Murokami. "Wind turbine." RF patent No. 2381380, IPC F03D 1/06 (analogue).

5. Whitford D.H., Minardi J.E. Utility-sized Madaras wind plants. "Jnt. J. Ambient Energy." 1981, 2, No. 1, 3, 21 (RZhE, 1981, 11D207) (analogue).

6. Scheklein C.E., Popov A.I. Magnus effect wind turbine. Options. RF patent No. 2526127, IPC F03D 1/00, F03D 9/00 (prototype).

7. Soloviev A.P. and others. The rotor of a wind turbine with a horizontal axis of rotation. USSR author's certificate No. 1663225, IPC F03D 1/00 (analogue).

8. Soloviev A.P. Composite rotor of Magnus type. RF patent No. 2213883, IPC F03D 3/00 (analogue).

9. Taradonov B.C. and other ship wind turbine. USSR copyright certificate No. 1507646, IPC V63H 9/02 (analogue).

10. Patent US 4366386 A, 12/28/1982 (analogue).

11. British patent GB 245134 F, 02/10/1927.

12. Japan Patent JP 5504257 A, 03/21/1980.

13. Wind turbine with Magnus effect [electronic resource]. www.itam.nsc.ru/applications/windtorbine.html.

14. Oversized fiberglass products. Plastic and rubber products of Avangard OJSC. [Electronic resource]. Access Mode: http: //www.avangard-plastik.

Claims (2)

1. Wind turbine based on the use of the Magnus effect, consisting of a wind wheel containing rotating cylinders, a cylinder drive from electric motors, a power source, an electric generator kinematically connected with the wind wheel, characterized in that the axis of the cylinders are arranged vertically and placed in the upper and lower bearing bearings connected respectively to the upper and lower flexible connections of the cylinders, and on the other hand, flexible bearings are connected to the flexible connections of the cylinders, per was placed in a gutter upper and lower plates in a closed installation ring and the drive cylinder forward and reverse rotational directions on the windward and leeward side is made in contact with the cylinders flexible connections of drive cylinders rolikoopor kinematically connected with electric motors. 2. Wind turbine based on the use of the Magnus effect according to claim 1, characterized in that at the boundaries between the windward and leeward sides of the installation there are brake devices in contact with cylinders that change their direction of rotation.

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