RU2642700C1 - Water floating single-axis folding self-propelled road high-capacity ground-compacting compactor with adjustable area of contact and stepless regulation of motion speed, frequency and direction of oscillations, and variants of its application - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of devices used for layer-by-layer surface compaction of soils. During operation the compactor can change the area of contact with the ground, steplessly adjust the frequency of oscillations in a wide range, change the direction of the oscillation forces, steplessly change the speed and direction of motion, compact the marshy ground (be able to swim), and also reduce its weight and overall dimensions during transportation. Device consists of filled with gas and liquid flexible shell. Compactor movement is performed by rotation of the liquid inside the shell using the reversible pumps. Rotating fluid, acting through the installed inside the flexible shell buckets, forces the compactor to move along the compacted soil.

EFFECT: proposed is the device for layer-by-layer surface compaction of soils.

21 cl, 26 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of devices used for layer-by-layer surface compaction of soils.

The well-known "Road self-propelled skating rink" described in patent No. 2024674, IPC: E01C 19/26, 1992, consisting of a frame, power plant, hydraulic motors, vibrators and fluid flow regulators.

Its disadvantage is the complexity of the design.

The famous "Skating rink", as No. 1794123, IPC: E01C 19/26, 1991, consisting of a shell secured to the axis with holes and gratings.

The disadvantage of this device is that a tractor is needed to move the roller.

The well-known "Method for the dynamic compaction of soils and materials by rollers (options) and a device for its implementation", patent No. 2405881, IPC: E01C 19/28, 2006, consisting of two sections of rollers and weights rotating on a crank shaft.

Its disadvantage is that with a significant weight of the structure (more than 30 tons), because of the inability to regulate the contact area, the material being pressed is squeezed out from under the rollers.

The well-known "Road self-propelled skating rink", utility model patent No. 58553, IPC: E01C 19/26, 2006, consisting of a frame, a power plant and two rollers made of metal and pneumatic tires.

The disadvantage of this device is that it does not change the contact area of the rollers with the soil during operation.

The closest to the device is “Sealing roller for civil engineering”, patent No. 2412306, IPC: E02D 3/026, 2006, consisting of many sections with liquid chambers that make up the roller body and pumping means that pump liquid from one chamber to another .

The disadvantage of this device is that it does not produce dynamic soil compaction.

Devices that allow in the process to change the area of contact with the soil and steplessly regulate the speed of movement, the frequency of oscillations and the direction of their efforts, as well as create large pressure on the soil, be portable and able to swim, have not been identified.

The objective and technical result of the invention is to change the area of contact with the soil during operation, stepless control of the oscillation frequency in a wide range, stepless change of direction of the oscillation forces and stepless change of speed, reduction of transport weight and overall dimensions of the transported roller.

The task and, as a result, the technical result is achieved by the fact that the roller roller consists of a shell in which there is gas and liquid. A removable protective shell with lugs can be fixed to the shell. Inside the shell, buckets are installed, consisting of ribs made in the form of a U-shaped with walls and a flexible floating bottom, and a reversible pump that rotates the liquid. As a pump, DC electrodes that change their polarity or electro-hydraulic shock chambers of forward and reverse motion can be used. The shell can be divided by a partition into two parts or consist of two parts articulated between each other, or have a stretching flexible middle. The skating rink is equipped with a system for draining and pouring liquid into the shell, a system for supplying gas pressure to the shell, and an electric current supply system. In a skating rink vibrators in the gas and liquid environment can be installed. The skating rink can be equipped with an arcuate support and a protective flooring laid on the compacted soil.

The technical result of the invention is a new property of the device: a wide range of compaction of soils with different bearing capacities (from swamps to rock embankments), the creation of significant compaction forces per unit width of the compaction strip, as well as the creation of opportunities for choosing effective parameters of compaction of soils during operation and cost reduction for operation and transportation of the roller.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

In FIG. 1 - shows a diagram of the movement of the roller during soil compaction, rear view.

In FIG. 2 - shows a diagram of the movement of the roller during soil compaction, side view.

In FIG. 3 - shows a diagram of the device of the roller roller at a high gas pressure inside and a smaller area of contact with the compacted soil with the rotation of the liquid using a reversible pump.

In FIG. 4 - shows a diagram of the device roller rollers with low gas pressure inside and a larger area of contact with the compacted soil with the rotation of the fluid using a reversible pump.

In FIG. 5 - shows a diagram of the device of the roller rollers, the rotation of the fluid in which is created using rotating blades.

In FIG. 6 - shows a diagram of the device of the roller roller, the rotation of the fluid in which is created using electrohydraulic shocks (effect Yutkina L.A.).

In FIG. 7 - shows the device of the roller roller, the rotation of the fluid in which is created by the movement of salt water between the electrodes.

In FIG. 8 shows a device for a roller of a roller that is not completely filled with liquid (a floating roller of a roller), the movement of which is created by filling the ladles with water.

In FIG. 9 - shows a bucket device filled with water.

In FIG. 10 - shows a bucket device ready for filling with water.

In FIG. 11 - shows a bucket device without water.

In FIG. 12 - shows the device bucket when rising from the water.

In FIG. 13 - shows a variant of the device of the bucket from the walls made of flexible floating material.

In FIG. 14 - shows the device of the roller with removable armor attached to the shell.

In FIG. 15 is a diagram of the articulation of armor strips used in compaction of coarse rocks.

In FIG. 16 - shows a diagram of the compaction of coarse rocks by closing them with a deck of armored strips pivotally fastened together.

In FIG. 17 - shows a diagram of the installation of two pumps in an undivided cavity of the shell, forcing the roller to rotate due to uneven or opposite rotation of the liquid at the ends of the shell of the roller of the roller.

In FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating the separation of the inside of the shell into two parts to facilitate rotation of the roller.

In FIG. 19 - shows the device of the roller roller, consisting of two shells, which to facilitate the rotation of the roller are interconnected by a hinge.

In FIG. 20 - shows a diagram of the rotation of the roller rollers by laying under one end of the arcuate support.

In FIG. 21 - shows a diagram of the rotation of the drum, the cavity of which inside is divided by a partition into two parts by pumping fluid from one cavity to another.

In FIG. 22 - shows a diagram of the rotation of the roller rollers by reducing the diameter of one end using a bandage.

In FIG. 23 - shows a diagram of the rotation of the roller rollers in one place by driving fluid rotation in different directions.

In FIG. 24 - shows a section of the roller for compaction of mineral soils.

In FIG. 25 is a sectional view of a roller for high peat bogs.

In FIG. 26 - shows a section of the drum for lowland peat bogs.

Roller device

The roller consists of a roller 1 and a power plant 2, including an air compressor, an electric current generator, a bulk water pump and a control panel (Fig. 1, 2).

The roller 1 of the roller consists of a flexible casing 3 (made, for example, of a flexible strong elastic cross-linked and glued conveyor belt), which contains gas 4 and liquid 5 (Fig. 3, 4). On the shell 3 can be fixed removable protective shell 6 with lugs 7 (Fig. 14, 15). Inside the shell 3, buckets 8 for liquid 5 are installed, consisting of ribs 9 made in the form of a U-shaped frame attached to the inner wall of the flexible shell 3, and inside the ribs 9 there are flexible walls 10 and the bottom with a float 11 (Fig. 8, 9 , 10, 11, 12). The bottom can be made without a float 11 from a flexible floating material 12 (Fig 13). The liquid 5 is rotated by the pump 13 (Fig. 3), which can be used as a reversible pump of the vane type or membrane operating principle (Fig. 3, 4, 5). As a pump, electro-hydraulic shock chambers of forward 14 and reverse 15 (using the LA Yutkin effect) can also be used (Fig. 6, 8). Also, as a pump, DC electrodes 16 can be used, changing their polarity and located on the insulating plate 17 (Fig. 7). The roller 1 can be equipped with an arcuate support 18 (Fig. 20) and a protective floor 19 of the armor strips (Fig. 16), laid on the compacted soil.

Roller 1 is connected to the power plant 2 by flexible hoses and cables 20, through which the liquid 4 is drained and poured into the flexible shell 3, and the gas pressure supply system 4 to the shell 3 is operated and the electric current supply and control system is operated, as well as control the amplitude and vibration frequency of the vibrators (Fig. 1, 2). Cables and hoses 20 through the fixed axis 21 of the flexible sheath 3 are connected to the equipment located inside the flexible sheath 3 (Fig. 1, 2). A counterweight 22 is installed on the axis 21 with a depth sensor for immersing the flexible shell 3 (Fig. 1, 2) in the ground. Inside the flexible shell 3, on the axis 21, a pulse vibrator 23 is installed at the bottom of the liquid 5, and an acoustic emitter 24 is installed at the top of the gas (Fig. 3, 4). The axis 21 with the help of hydraulic cylinders 25 mounted on a counterweight, can rotate together with a pulse vibrator 23, changing the direction of its action (Fig. 2).

The shell 3 can be divided by a partition 26 into two parts (Fig. 18) or consist of two sealed parts 27, interconnected by a hinge 28 (Fig. 19).

The surface of the shell 3 may be in the form of a cylindrical (Fig. 24), spheroid (Fig. 25) or multifaceted (for example, trapezoidal) (Fig. 26). The middle part of the flexible shell 3 can be made of elastic stretchable material 29 (for example, rubber) (Fig. 23). A tightening band 30 may be applied to the sheath 3 (FIG. 22).

The device operates as follows.

Roller drive

In the mounted flexible casing 3 of the roller 1 according to the system 20 draining and filling fluid 5, located on the power plant 2, fluid 5 is supplied (Fig. 1, 2). Depending on the properties of the soil being compacted, the flexible shell 3 is filled with liquid 5 completely (Fig. 3) or partially (when swamps are condensed, a floating version) (Fig. 8).

The roller is driven by the rotation of the fluid 5 inside the drum 1 (Fig. 3, 4) using pumps 13. The rotating fluid 5 presses on the ribs 9 located inside the casing 3 and causes the roller 1 of the roller to rotate, as a result of which the roller begins to move on compacted soil (Fig. 3).

The fixed axis 21 and, accordingly, the pump 13 are kept from rotation by the counterweight 22 (Fig. 2). For rollers of small weight (small volume of liquid) pumps 13 are used diaphragm (Fig. 3, 4) or impeller type (Fig. 5). For large volumes of fluid, electro-hydraulic shock chambers of forward 14 and reverse 15 stroke are used (Fig. 6). To compact the soil without noise and vibrations (for example, in old residential quarters or near architectural monuments), DC electrodes 16 mounted on an insulating plate 17 are used as pumps (Fig. 7). When applying a plus to one electrode 16, and a minus to another, in a liquid 5 (saline solution), a silent movement of salt solution ions starts along the insulating plate 17, which leads to rotation of the liquid 5 and, accordingly, the shell 3 (Fig. 7).

In the warm season, water is used as liquid 5. For the movement of rollers operating in the Far North or at a negative temperature, salt solutions (having a low freezing temperature) and electrodes 16 are used as the rotating fluid 5.

The drive roller (floating) when the shell 3 is not completely filled with a mass of liquid 5, for example, when sealing the swamps 34 (Fig. 8), as follows. The shell 3 is filled with liquid 5 to a state of buoyancy or the liquid 5 is drained from the shell 3. To maintain the shape of the shell 3, gas 4 (air) is supplied to it under pressure. The pump 14 delivers a stream 31 of liquid 5 on one side of the inner wall of the shell 1 to the buckets 8. The buckets 8 are filled with liquid 5 on one side, as a result of which the balance is disturbed and the weight 1 is rotated 1 (Fig. 8, 9), since on the other sides in buckets 8 there is no liquid 5 (Fig. 11, 10). When the ladles 8 exit the liquid 5 as a result of the rotation of the drum 1 due to the float 11, the liquid 5 is poured out of the bucket 8 (Fig. 10, 11). Instead of the float 11, walls 10 of floating material 12 can be used.

The speed of the drum 1 is controlled by the speed of the fluid 5 using the pump 13 by increasing or decreasing the power of the electric power or the speed of the pump 13.

Forward and reverse roll 1 is made by changing the direction of rotation of the mass of liquid 5 due to the reversibility of the pump 13 or by changing the polarity of the electrodes 16 or chambers 14, 15 forward and reverse.

When moving the roller on bulk soil 32 from debris with sharp edges to protect against damage to the casing 3, a replaceable protective casing 6 is put on it, consisting of strong armor plates interconnected by articulated lugs 7 (Fig. 14, 15). If the soil 32 is coarse, then apply a protective flooring 19 (Fig. 16), installed alternately on the path of movement of the roller 1.

Skating rink

Roller rotation is carried out in several options.

According to the first embodiment, at least two pumps 13 are installed on the axis 21 inside the drum 1 (Fig. 17), which rotate the mass of liquid 5 at different speeds, due to which the ends of the shell 3 begin to act on the liquid 5 with different sizes of forces, and since the shell 3 is flexible, then the roll 1 rotates along a large radius.

According to the second variant (Fig. 18), the roller 1 is inside divided by a partition 26, in each of which a pump 13 is installed, which rotates the mass of liquid 5 at different speeds, which ensures a rotation of the roller 1 along a smaller radius.

According to the third variant, the shell 3 of the roller 1 consists of two parts 27 (Fig. 19), interconnected by a hinge 28, in each of which a pump 13 is placed, which rotates the masses of liquid 5 at different speeds or in different directions.

According to the fourth embodiment (Fig. 20), an arcuate support 18 is placed under the shell of the roller 1, increasing the path length of one of the ends of the roller 1, as a result of which the roller 1 rotates.

According to the fifth embodiment (Fig. 21) in one part of the shell 3, separated by a partition 26 (or two parts 27 connected by a hinge 28), reduce or increase the pressure in the shell 3 by increasing or decreasing the pressure of gas 4 (or by supplying liquid 5 through the partition 24 from one part to another), as a result of which part of the drum 1 with reduced pressure (or with a reduced mass of liquid 5) slows down the movement by unrolling the roller 1 (the effect of a deflated and inflated wheel in a traveling car).

According to the sixth embodiment, when rolling the platforms, one end of the casing 3 is pulled together by a band 30, as a result, the roller 1 is a truncated or full cone and the movement of the roller occurs along a (expanding or tapering) spiral (Fig. 22).

According to the seventh variant (Fig. 23), a belt of elastic stretchable material 29 is inserted into the middle of the shell 3 and the mass of liquid 5 is rotated at the ends of the shell 3 in different directions, while the roll 1 rotates in place.

Roller specific pressure control

The specific pressure on the ground (Fig. 3, 4) is regulated as follows.

In the first embodiment, the weight of the drum 1 is reduced or increased by draining or pouring liquid 5 into the shell 3.

In the second embodiment, the contact area 33 of the shell 3 with the soil is changed by increasing or decreasing the gas pressure 4 inside the shell 3 using a compressor located on the power plant 2, while the contact area 33 with the compacted soil increases or decreases (Fig. 3, 4).

According to the third option, a strong alternating current is supplied to the electrodes of the pump 14 and 16 (Fig. 6, 7), the liquid 5 boils, and its vapor creates an increased pressure in the shell 3, the shape of the shell 3 and, accordingly, the contact area 33 with the sealing soil (Fig. 3, 4).

Creation and regulation of vibrations of the roller

The oscillation frequency of the roller is created in two environments: low-frequency in liquid 5 and high-frequency in gas 4 (Fig. 3). The oscillation frequency is steplessly controlled through the cables 20 by means of current by applying pulses to the vibrators 23 and 24 or by using the frequency of electro-hydraulic shocks of the pump 14 and 15 (Fig. 3, 4, 6).

A high oscillation frequency is created in the gaseous medium of the flexible shell 3 using floating acoustic emitters 24 (Fig. 3).

Lower oscillation frequencies are created in liquid 5. As a source of low oscillations, chambers 14 and 15 with electro-hydraulic shocks arising from the discharge of electricity in liquid 5 (using the Yutkin L.A. effect) can be used (Fig. 6). The oscillation frequency of the fluid 5 is regulated by the frequency of electro-hydraulic shocks. In this case, the pump 14 and 15 serves as a source of oscillation and a rotation drive of the fluid 5.

According to the first embodiment, the direction of the resulting fluid oscillation pulse 5 is regulated by turning the axis 21 relative to the plane of the soil being compacted. The rotation is carried out using a counterweight 22 and a hydraulic cylinder 25.

According to the second option, the direction of the force of action on the soil is produced by two vibrators 23 by supplying pulses at different times, as a result, the direction of the resultant from the pulses changes.

To create the effect of vibrations along the axis of the roller 1, two vibrators 23 are installed and placed at the ends of the axis 21.

Roller Transport

The roller is transported by folding the flexible shell 3 due to the vacuum created inside the flexible shell 3 when the liquid 5 is drained. The shell is divided into two bases and a working surface, which are separated, folded and transported.

Application Options

According to the first option - the construction of the base of roads, the soil is removed from the route to the underlying soil, the soil is treated with a disinfectant to suppress the vital activity of soil animals (microbes, bacteria, fungi, etc.), then the first pass of the drum 1 is made using vibration. In this case, a square-shaped roller 1 is used (Fig. 24). Crushed stone is poured, the roadbed is leveled and a second pass is made without the use of vibration. To compact the soil, it is advisable to use roller 1 with a width of 6.5 m, a diameter of 6.5 m and a weight of more than 100 tons. Such a roller compacts the base of a two-lane road in one pass. During the construction of roads in historical places or in the area of dilapidated residential buildings, vibration is not applied.

The second variant of the method of using the ice rink during the construction of the road through the swamp 34 is that the roller 1 is not completely filled with liquid 5 (Fig. 8), in this state it floats. Under these conditions, the electro-hydraulic shock chambers 14 and 15 are used to move the drum 1. The most optimal shape of the drum 1 for the upland bogs is spherical, and for the lowland and transitional bogs it is trapezoidal (Figs. 25 and 26). The ice rink, floating in the water of the swamp 34, when moving with its weight, compacts peat 35 (without breaking through the surface layer of peat), leaving behind a channel through which water is removed. After removal of water and sedimentation of peat 35, the passage of roller 1 along the road is repeated, until the roller reaches solid ground, then end-face filling of the roadway and its compaction with square-shaped roller 1 are performed. For the best movement of the roller 1 through the swamp 34 on the roller 1 set lugs 7.

According to the third option, water is not removed from the swamp, but they form the primary channel through the roll 1 (spherical shape), into which a floating platform is installed and face dumping of the roadbed above the water level is made, and the embankment is compacted with a rectangular roll 1, while preserving the ecosystem swamps.

According to the fourth option, the strength of the constructed building and the period of its operation are determined using the skating rink, for this the skating rink is placed on the east or west side of the building and vibrates. The amplitude of the oscillations, their frequency and the mass of the roller (or several rollers) are selected depending on the mass of the building. The service life of a building is determined by the vibration time during which internal deformation of the building does not occur. The building accident rate is determined in the same way.

The service life of a building is determined by the dependence on the vibration amplitude of the drum, the distance to the building, the vibration time and the relationship between the mass of the building and the mass of the roller according to the formula:

T = A × L × B × Mz: Mk,

where T is the building service time, A is the oscillation amplitude, Ms is the mass of the building, Mk is the mass of the roller, L is the distance to the building, B is the oscillation time,

The proposed device will allow to compact soils with different bearing capacity (from swamps to rock embankments), create significant compaction forces per unit width of the compacted strip, as well as create opportunities for choosing effective compaction parameters of various soils during operation, reduce the cost of operating and transporting the roller, and also determine the strength of the constructed buildings.

Claims (21)

1. Self-propelled road heavyweight floating amalgamating roller containing a roller connected to a power plant, characterized in that the roller is made in the form of a flexible elastic shell filled with liquid and gas, and the power plant is connected to the shell with cables and flexible hoses, while in the cavity of the shell filled with liquid, a reversible pump is installed to bring the liquid into rotation, and on its inner surface there are buckets for rotating the shell. 2. The roller according to claim 1, characterized in that saline solutions with a low freezing temperature are used as the liquid. 3. The roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the roller has a removable protective shell. 4. The skating rink according to claim 1, characterized in that for the movement of the skating rink over marshy soils, lugs are installed on the roller. 5. The roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the buckets are made in a U-shape, inside which walls and a bottom with a float are installed. 6. The roller according to claim 5, characterized in that the walls of the buckets are made of flexible floating material. 7. The roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the middle part of the drum shell is made of elastic, stretchable material. 8. The roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the roller axis is provided with a counterweight. 9. The roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas used is steam formed by boiling the liquid filling the shell 10. The roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the pump uses the movement of salt solution ions from one DC electrode to another DC electrode along the insulating plate, and the reverse is carried out by changing the polarity of the electrodes. 11. The skating rink according to claim 1, characterized in that a pump using the Yutkin LA effect, having at least one forward and reverse chamber, is used as a pump. 12. The roller according to claim 1, characterized in that when the middle part of the shell is made of elastic tensile material, the rotation of the liquid mass by the pumps at the ends of the shell during rotation is carried out at different speeds. 13. The roller according to claim 12, characterized in that the casing is divided into parts by a partition and in each part the rotation of the mass of liquid during rotation is carried out at different speeds. 14. The roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing is made of two parts connected by a hinge, and in each part the rotation of the mass of liquid during rotation is carried out at different speeds and in different directions. 15. The roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the roller is made with the possibility of regulating the area of contact of the shell with soil by changing the pressure of the gas or vapor of the liquid formed from boiling of the liquid inside the shell when applying alternating current to the electrodes. 16. The roller according to claim 1, characterized in that a vibrator is installed in the cavity of the shell filled with gas. 17. The roller according to claim 1, characterized in that a vibrator is installed in the cavity of the shell filled with liquid. 18. The roller according to claim 16, characterized in that the fluid mass oscillates by electro-hydraulic shocks using the L.A. Utkin effect. 19. The roller according to claim 18, characterized in that the direction of fluid oscillations is controlled by turning the axis with the electro-hydraulic shock chambers on it. 20. The roller according to claim 1, characterized in that for transporting the roller, the casing is made folding due to the vacuum created inside the casing of the roller when the liquid is drained. 21. The method of using the roller in the construction of the road through the swamp, which consists in the fact that the roller is not completely filled with liquid, and its rotation is carried out by filling the bucket with liquid on one side of the roller.

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