RU2642095C1 - Combined irrigation system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydraulic reclamation, mainly to land drainage in agriculture with automatic regulation of groundwater levels. System is located on a reclaimable massif, divided into fields with a drainage-humidifying collector-drainage network, which has a regulator of the collector mouth in the form of a spillway. System consists of a combined drainage-humidifying collector, to which drainage collectors are connected through water intake wells. Water intake wells at drying-humidification collector are equipped with two-way automatic level controllers. Collector mouth regulator consists of well 12, divided by partitions 13, 14 and 15 into four tanks 16, 17, 18 and 19. Control chamber 20 in vessel 17 is connected by stem 21 to cone-shaped valve 22 passed through chamber 20, and stem 21 is connected to lever 23 of the articulated actuator. Vessel 17 comprises level float sensor 25 rigidly connected to stem 26 connected by a hinge to one end of lever 23, and the other end of lever 23 is provided with adjustable weight 27 located in vessel 16. Lever 23 is fixed to rotational axis 24 on the abutment in the upper part of partition 13. Stem 21 is located in guides 28 in the cover of chamber 20. Control chamber 20 is fixed to nozzle 29 fixed to the collector mouth by pipe 30. Vertical partition 14 has inlet nozzle 32 located at the bottom, the end of which flexible hose 33 is provided. Upper end of flexible hose 33 is attached to float 34 with drain diverging nozzle 35. Self-regulating mechanism consists of nozzle 35, float 34 and flexible hose 33 with inlet nozzle 32, and has a hydraulic connection in the form of a channel with vessel 17 according to the principle of communicating vessels. Discharge pipe 36 is inserted with one end into water discharge vessel 19. Vertical partition 15 has pipeline 37 in the middle, connecting vessels 18 and 19, while the self-regulating mechanism is located in vessel 18. Working volume of vessel 18 is set to receive water from vessel 17 with outlet nozzle 35 at the top with float 34, and also in the upper position of float 25 in vessel 17.

EFFECT: use of the invention will make it possible to automate the process of regulating the groundwater level, improve efficiency and reliability of operation, reduce the hazard of groundwater level rise and reduce the development of secondary salinization processes.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention is intended to implement new management methods in regulating the water regime in irrigation and drainage systems, which allow differentially controlling the level of groundwater in drainage and humidification reclamation lands.

Known regulator of the groundwater level on a closed collector-drainage network installed on the outlet manifold, having a telescopic device for maintaining the water level at a given level. To completely overlap the collector, a throttle valve controlled by a lever is used (Fundamentals of automation and automation of production processes in irrigation and drainage / Ya.V. Bochkarev, EE Ovcharov. - M: Kolos, 1981).

The disadvantage of this regulator is that the maintenance of the calculated level is carried out manually and requires constant maintenance personnel on the system.

A well-known drainage and humidification system, including a water intake-water source, water supply and drainage collectors with wells equipped with automatic float level controllers of double-acting, water supply and drainage collectors are combined, and float level controllers in the middle wells are equipped in the upper part with water-filled openings with water filled tanks while the tanks are in communication with the upper pool of the combined collector with a telescopic tube (Copyright in SU №1323647, E02B 11/00 from 15.07.1987).

The disadvantage of this system is that the node of the mouth of the collector, in which the level control is set to the position of adjustable drainage, does not provide with a large delay the time required for aeration of the soil due to the open section of the mouth of the collector when filling the well. Another disadvantage is that the device of the regulator assembly is cumbersome and, as a result, very material intensive. Moreover, the design of the movable locking disk of the cylindrical shutter with a guide sleeve requires accurate mutual alignment on the cylindrical pipe and other elements, determines the stringent requirements for the design of the controller.

Also known, for example, a water outlet-regulator, a device for regulating the water level in the drainage network and a drainage system according to copyright certificates SU: No. 1830520, 1408014, according to RU patents: No. No. 2079601, 2163067.

However, the known devices are difficult to manufacture due to the bulkiness of the structural elements themselves. In addition, the need to create significant efforts to overcome the hydrostatic pressure acting on the entire area of the shutter when it is opened. These efforts reduce the reliability of the device and, consequently, the reliability of its operation. In addition, some of the known devices are unreliable due to friction of the pipe in the pipe, the lack of balancing of the lever device and are difficult to operate.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed one is a drainage and humidification system, including a water intake-water source, water supply and drainage collectors with wells equipped with automatic double-acting level controllers, a level controller in the drainage control position is installed at the outlet mouth of the collector, the well is divided by a partition into two containers , in one of which a control membrane chamber is installed, and the second tank is equipped with a spillway elbow, I have at the outlet of its part, a valve mechanically connected to the shoulder of the two shoulders arm of the float level sensor, while the knee-shaped pipe with the input part is rigidly fixed at the end of the channel, communicating with the valve with a control membrane chamber (Patent RU No. 2593530, E02B 11/00 of 08/10/2016 )

The disadvantage of this system is the complexity of its operation. In addition, due to the complexity of the design of the control membrane in the chamber, it is necessary to relate it to the opening and closing times after filling the containers, and the repetition period depends on the adjustment of the valves, and, as a consequence, it is necessary to use the design complexity.

The objective of this solution is to increase work efficiency, simplify design and reduce material consumption.

The technical result from the use of the invention is to automate the process of regulating the groundwater level with the possibility of differentially controlling the level of groundwater in the fields of the reclaimed array.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a drainage and humidification system including a water intake-water source, water supply and drainage collectors with wells equipped with automatic double-acting level controllers, a level controller is installed at the outlet mouth of the collector in the drainage control position, which consists of a well divided by partitions on the tank, in one of which a control chamber is mounted, fixed to an elbow pipe fixed to the mouth of the collector, the elbow nozzle has a valve at its output part connected to the lever of the float level sensor, a rod and a float, it is equipped with a self-regulating groundwater level mechanism, and the self-regulating mechanism is placed in the tank and connected via a hydraulic channel made in the form of a flexible hose to the float, this self-regulating mechanism is connected by a hydraulic channel to the control chamber on the principle of communicating vessels, and the control chamber is made to configure the system for a given a groundwater level control label, and the free end of the lever of the float level sensor is equipped with a load to move to balance and reduce the force of the float sensor, and the rod is connected to the shut-off element in the form of a cone-shaped valve, while in the middle part of the partition separating the tank with a self-regulating mechanism from the tank for draining water, the pipeline is located, and the outlet pipe is introduced into the tank for draining water.

In addition, a flexible hose at the end is connected to an expanding outlet pipe to which the float is attached.

Consequently, it can be noted that the use of a system of differentiated regulation of the groundwater level will allow automatic regulation of the drainage and humidification reclamation array, divided into fields having certain self-regulating mechanisms of the groundwater level. In the proposed invention, water is supplied until equilibrium is reached - the inflow becomes equal to the selection. Moreover, in the proposed system in each case, the tank with a self-regulating mechanism of the groundwater level and the control chamber are taken from the operating conditions adopted by the water withdrawal control system. The system has a direct and reverse hydraulic connection between a given groundwater level and a self-regulating mechanism for restoring this level.

Based on the foregoing, the author considers it possible to assert that the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "significant differences".

In FIG. 1 shows a schematic plan of a drainage and humidification system; in FIG. 2 - installation of a level regulator of the mouth of the collector in the well, divided by partitions into four containers on the drainage and humidification collector.

The drainage and humidification system consists of a water inlet 1, water supply channels (watering 2 and waste 3), gateways-regulators 4, closed collectors: drainage and humidification 5, drainage 6 and 7 drain, water inlet 8, spillway 9, middle 10 and 11 secret wells , humidifier regulators (not shown for simplicity) and the collector mouth regulator in the form of a spillway 9. The collector mouth regulator consists of a well 12, divided by partitions 13, 14, and 15 into four containers 16, 17, 18, and 19. A control chamber 20 in the tank 17 is connected by a rod 21 with a valve 22 in a conical shape passed through the chamber 20, and the rod 21 is connected to the lever 23 of the articulated lever drive, fixed to the axis 24.

One end of the lever 23 is connected with the float 25 through the rod 26, at the other end, located in the tank 16, is attached to an adjustable load 27 (counterweight). The rod 21 is placed in the guides 28 in the lid of the chamber 20. The control chamber 20 is fixed to the nozzle 29, fixed to the mouth of the manifold by a pipe 30 in the form of a spillway 9. The cone-shaped valve 22 is mounted on the outlet 31. The vertical partition 14 has an inlet pipe located at the bottom 32, the end of which is equipped with a flexible hose 33, which the upper end is attached to the float 34 with a drain expanding pipe 35. The device is a self-regulating mechanism of the groundwater level, located in the tank 18. Self-regulating mechanism consisting of a pipe 35, a float 34 and a flexible hose 33 connected to the inlet pipe 32, it is made of a hydraulic channel in the form of a flexible hose 33, and also has a hydraulic channel with a capacity of 17 with a control chamber 20, in which the pipe 29 is fixed , which is fixed to the mouth of the collector by a pipe 30 according to the principle of communicating vessels.

One end of the discharge pipe 36 is inserted into the tank 19 for water drainage through the pipe 37 in the vertical partition 15, made in its middle part, in which the self-regulating mechanism is set to a certain calculated level for the outflow of water into the tank 19, and the float 34 is connected to the outlet pipe 32 so that the water level in the tank 18 exceeds the upper edge of the pipeline 35 for the outflow of water into the tank 19. The working volume of the tank 18 is set to receive water from the tank 17 and the float 25 located in the upper position connected through the rod 21, growling g 23 and the valve 22 of the balancing chamber 20, and if the upper level of filling in the tank 17 exceeds the permissible upper limit in the tank 18, then the valve 22 will close the outlet 31.

Thus, the self-regulating mechanism is separated by a partition 14, and the selection of water with a discharge pipe 34 occurs through a pipe 35 in the partition 15.

The drainage and humidification system operates as follows.

To bypass the excess drainage flow from the upper downstream to the well 9, at the outlet of the mouth of the collector with the pipe 34, when the valve 22 is opened, the level in the tank 17 begins to rise, which causes leakage from the communication channel, in the form of a flexible hose 33 with a pipe 32 , into the container 18. Thus, both containers 17 and 18 are filled with water. Raising the float 34 upward, therefore, of the flexible hose 33 to a predetermined groundwater level control mark, therefore, the water level in the container 17 rises. When raising the float 25, the lever 23 with the stem 21 and the valve 22, which gradually closes the outlet opening 31 in the chamber 20, thereby closing the valve 22 of the control chamber 20 is determined. This ensures maintaining a predetermined level and outflow of water from the tank 18 through the pipe 37 to tank 19, then into the discharge pipe 36. Therefore, when the upper level of the water in the tank 18 is triggered, when the float 34 is lowered, the water level in the tank 17 also decreases, increasing the degree of opening of the valve 22 in the chamber 20 until equilibrium is reached - at c equals the selection (outflow). Thus, the command from the discharge of water through the pipeline 37 is transmitted from the bottom up from one tank 18 to the next tank 17, until the tank 18 is deactivated, respectively. The parameters of the differentiated groundwater level control system are set by hydraulics calculation from the condition that the maximum flow rate is passed while maintaining the support outlet pipe 36.

The proposed system is simple, will allow automatic control of the water regime of the drainage and humidification array, divided into fields having certain self-regulating mechanisms of the groundwater level. The system has a direct and inverse relationship between a given groundwater level and a self-regulating mechanism for restoring this level, and therefore, the risk of raising the groundwater level and the development of secondary salinization processes are reduced.

Claims (2)

1. A drainage and humidification system, including a water intake-water source, water supply and drainage collectors with wells equipped with automatic double-acting level controllers, a level controller in the drainage control position is installed at the outlet mouth of the collector, which consists of a well, divided by partitions into containers, in one of which a control chamber is mounted, fixed to a knee-shaped nozzle, fixed to the mouth of the collector, and the knee-shaped nozzle has an outlet of its part, a valve connected to the lever of the float level sensor, a rod and a float, characterized in that it is equipped with a self-regulating mechanism of the groundwater level, and the self-regulating mechanism is placed in the tank and connected via a hydraulic channel, made in the form of a flexible hose, with a float, while the self-regulating mechanism is connected by a hydraulic channel to the control chamber according to the principle of communicating vessels, and the control chamber is made to configure the system to a predetermined control mark groundwater level, and the free end of the lever of the float level sensor is equipped with a load to move to balance and reduce the efforts of the float sensor, and the rod is connected to the shut-off element in the form of a cone-shaped valve, while in the middle part of the partition separating the tank with self-regulating mechanism from the tank for water drainage, a pipeline is located, and a discharge pipe is introduced into the tank for water drainage. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the flexible hose at the end is connected to an expanding outlet pipe to which the float is attached.

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