RU2641055C1 - Tower body of overhead transmission line - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.SUBSTANCE: body shaft is made split consisting of two, top and bottom, pairs of vertical open profiles, rigidly interconnected by transverse plate, in terms of which the lower pair of profiles with respect to the top is deployed on 90°. The profiles of the top pair are interconnected by rod elements. On bottom profiles pair a tool to be fixed on pile is placed, which includes the spaced-apart by body height assemblies for tying the profiles, transverse diaphragm of stiffness placed in levels of mentioned sites and delimiters for reliance on the top end of pile pinned on the inner surface of the profiles.EFFECT: increased tower body stiffness and strength in area of fixing to base in relation to torque loads and bending loads, functioning in longitudinal and transverse directions relative to the power line, the exclusion of tower body crank on base with dramatic increase of workloads in emergency, ensuring reliable operation of the tower body in all modes.12 cl, 10 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of ground construction, and more particularly, to the construction of supporting structures for power lines.

State of the art

A well-known support of the railway contact network, including a metal rack of two channels connected by couplers, fixed on individual bases, each of which is rigidly connected to a common concrete foundation by means of a bolt connection (see utility model patent RU 17939, IPC: Е04Н 12/00, published on May 10, 2001).

Known metal support of the power line, containing a tapering hollow pillar, at the lower end of which there is a flange for securing it to the foundation (utility model patent RU 138695, IPC: Е04Н 12/00, publ. 03.20.2014).

The flange connection used in both of the aforementioned analogs to fix the rack on the foundation is characterized by high rigidity of the connection and ease of installation. However, in this case, the construction of the foundation itself is significantly complicated due to the need to form a connecting flange on it. In this case, welding in the field is required, which is not always acceptable.

As the closest analogue to the claimed technical solution, a support tower of an overhead power line was adopted, the design of which is disclosed in the materials of patent RU 2473763, IPC: Е04Н 12/08, publ. 01/27/2013. The signs of the closest analogue, which coincide with the essential features of the claimed design, are as follows: an overhead power line support pillar contains a barrel of vertical open profiles facing each other with extreme edges, rod elements connecting the extreme edges of the profiles, and means for securing the rack on a pile, including at least two nodes for screed profiles, spaced apart by the height of the rack, transverse diaphragms of rigidity, each of which is placed at the level of the corresponding node for st profiles, and limiter plates fixed on the inner surface of the profiles, which serve to support the upper end of the pile.

In this solution, a cylindrical pile or a metal pipe buried in the ground at one end is used as the foundation support for the rack. The stand is mounted on the pile from above, until the stop of its limiter plates into the upper end of the pile, after which the lower ends of the vertical profiles are pulled together between each other by means of tie assemblies located two on each side of the rack.

A significant drawback of the closest analogue is the low stability of the support with respect to torsional and bending moments, which is due to the combined effect of a number of reasons: the use of two spaced load-bearing profiles, large shoulders of the acting forces, and the impossibility of ensuring an ideal tightness of the profiles to the pile in the fastening places.

In an emergency, for example, when one or more wires are broken, a horizontal load appears in the upper part of the rack, leading to the appearance of torque. In the known construction, in this case, there is a high probability of twisting the profiles in the zone of fastening to the foundation and turning the rack on the foundation pipe, which leads to the occurrence of cases of the first and second groups of limit states.

When the known construction is operating at maximum loads in normal conditions, it is possible to “shut down” one of the load-bearing profiles spaced from each other due to insufficient rigidity of the rack mounting to the foundation and separate (incompatible) operation of the profiles from each other.

The reinforcement of the attachment points used in the patent RU 2473763 due to the installation of transverse beams pairwise connected by struts over the tie units leads to a complication of installation work and does not solve the mentioned problems.

The technical problem to be solved by the claimed invention is directed is to increase the stability and operational reliability of the support in all operating modes, including in an emergency, by increasing the rigidity of the connection of the rack with the foundation.

Disclosure of invention

The mentioned problem is solved due to the fact that in the stand of the support of an overhead power transmission line containing a trunk of vertical open profiles facing each other with extreme edges, rod elements connecting the extreme edges of the profiles, and means for fixing on the pile, including at least two nodes for screed profiles, spaced apart by the height of the rack, transverse diaphragms of rigidity placed at the levels of the mentioned nodes and limiters fixed on the inner surface of the profiles for support on the upper end of the pile, according to the claimed invention, the rack barrel is made split, consisting of two, upper and lower pairs of vertical open profiles rigidly interconnected by means of a transverse plate, in the plan of which the lower pair of profiles is rotated 90 ° relative to the upper one, while the profiles of the upper pair are interconnected rod elements, and means for fixing on a pile placed on the profiles of the lower pair.

The above set of essential distinguishing features of the claimed invention allows to obtain the following technical results, namely: to increase the mechanical (stiffness and strength) characteristics of the cross-section of the rack in the zone of fastening to the foundation with respect to bending loads, both in longitudinal and transverse directions relative to the transmission line, and also to torque loads, due to which it is impossible to rotate the rack on the foundation with a sharp increase in loads, for example, when a wire breaks, and also ensure reliable joint work of bearing belts in all modes.

Another achievable technical result is the simplicity and productivity of installation work.

A significant difference of the proposed rack from the closest analogue is the execution of the trunk of the rack split in height, namely: consisting of two parts, the upper and lower, rigidly connected to each other through a transverse plate and forming together a single integral structure.

“Cut”, according to one of the definitions, means “composed, made of two, several parts, pieces” (see. New Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language by Efremova. 2012).

The upper part of the trunk is the main length of the rack and is formed in a known manner on the basis of a pair of vertical open profiles interconnected by rod elements. In this case, the profiles can be parallel or inclined to each other. In the proposed design, the lower ends of the upper profiles are rigidly closed to each other by a transverse plate connecting the barrel parts.

The lower part of the trunk, also formed by a pair of vertical open profiles, serves for fixing on the foundation. It is much shorter than the upper one and has a small free length of profiles, the upper ends of which are rigidly fixed by a transverse plate connecting the parts of the trunk.

Due to the implementation of the lower part of the cutting stand, the free length of the supporting elements in the zone of concentrated transmission of forces was reduced, i.e. in the zone of fastening of the rack to the foundation, which increased the rigidity of the fixing unit in relation to bending and torque.

At the same time, the use of the split design principle made it possible to independently form the upper and lower parts of the barrel, in particular, the possibility of selecting the most optimal geometric cross-sectional parameters for each part of the rack.

As a result, it became possible to reduce the cross-sectional area (the section limited by the contour of the bearing profiles) in the lower part of the strut, in the zone of concentrated transmission of forces, while maintaining a wide cross-section in the base of the upper part, located at the level of the connecting plate.

The cross section of the upper part of the rack is calculated in a known manner, based on the conditions for ensuring the required bearing capacity.

The profiles of the lower part are more densely shifted between each other and more tightly cover the pile, while the dimensions of the transverse plates forming the stiffness diaphragms are reduced.

Together with a decrease in the free length of the bearing profiles, this made it possible to significantly increase the stiffness and reliability of the connection of the rack with the foundation with respect to bending and torque.

The transverse plate provides the possibility of rigid connection of parts of the rack that are different in geometric parameters and guarantees reliable joint operation of the upper and lower bearing vertical belts (profiles). In this case, the transverse plate contributes to the partial damping of the loads transmitted from the upper part of the rack to the lower.

To increase the rigidity and reliability of the structure, the expanded geometry of the lower part of the rack, the profiles of which are deployed relative to the profiles of the upper part by 90 °, also works. In this case, the profiles of the lower part are oriented by solid faces perpendicular to the overhead power line, which allowed us to include solid walls of the lower profiles in relation to the loads acting perpendicular to the overhead power line (VL).

VL - is a generally accepted abbreviation (used below), denoting an overhead power line, otherwise - a wire line, a line of wires.

Due to the possibility of independent formation of the upper and lower parts of the barrel, it also became possible to use bearing profiles of different assortments for the manufacture of the rack parts, which, while decreasing the cross-sectional area of the lower part of the rack (the section limited by the contour of the bearing profiles), maintain stiffness (Yy is the moment of inertia of the section relative to the axis VL) relative to the upper part of the barrel and increase the strength (Wy - moment of resistance relative to the VL axis) characteristics of the rack in the direction perpendicular HV-th axis.

Thus, the aforementioned set of distinctive features of the claimed invention, namely: a split barrel design, the presence of a transverse plate connecting parts, as well as a 90 ° turn of the lower part of the rack barrel relative to the upper part, allowed achieving the highest mechanical (strength and stiffness) characteristics of the cross section racks in the zone of fastening to the foundation with respect to bending loads in the longitudinal and transverse directions relative to the power line.

The reliability of the structure in the zone of concentrated transmission of forces was increased without decreasing the strength and stiffness characteristics in the perpendicular direction to the overhead line and the strength and stiffness characteristics in the direction of the overhead line axis were increased.

The implementation of the rack in the form of an integral design and the use of simple nodes for screed profiles provided simplicity and productivity of installation work.

In the preferred case of the implementation of the proposed device, the cross section of the rack is asymmetric with respect to its central vertical axis, namely: in the upper part, expanded (developed, reinforced) in the transverse direction relative to the overhead line, and in the lower part, expanded in the longitudinal direction to the overhead line.

The expansion of the cross section of the lower part of the rack along the VL axis made it possible to further increase the strength and stiffness characteristics of the section in the connection zone with the foundation pipe with respect to bending loads acting along the VL axis and torque loads, thereby ensuring the reliability of the structure in emergency mode and eliminating scrolling of support on the foundation pipe.

The cross section of the upper part of the rack extended in the transverse direction to the overhead line helps to reduce the wind load on the structure and further increase the strength and stiffness characteristics in the direction transverse to the overhead line.

The lower pair of profiles is made of metal of greater thickness, compared with the upper pair of profiles. The use of a different assortment for the upper and lower parts of the rack not only improves the mechanical characteristics of the lower part of the barrel, but also provides the most rational consumption of materials.

In the preferred embodiment of the construction (see example below), U-shaped bent profiles (channel) are used as vertical open profiles. However, the above example does not exclude the possibility of using open profiles with a different cross section and a different number of faces for the manufacture of racks.

Through technological holes are made in the transverse plate. On the one hand, the presence of holes makes it possible to use the hot dip galvanizing method for anticorrosion treatment of the rack; on the other hand, it prevents moisture accumulation on the horizontal surface of the plate.

In order to further increase the mechanical strength and reliability of the structure, stiffeners can be installed between the transverse plate and the walls of the vertical profiles. The proposed design provides the ability to place stiffeners on the outside of the profiles, which ensures the simplicity and adaptability of their fastening.

The limiters necessary for installing the rack in the design position, used to support the pile at the top end, are preferably made in the form of vertical plates welded edge to the inner wall of the corresponding profile. The use of vertical restrictor plates guarantees the formation of a gap between the transverse plate connecting the barrel parts and the pile end, which ensures good blowing of the structure, eliminates the formation of condensate and moisture accumulation inside it.

Each coupler assembly includes two stops fixed opposite each other on the extreme edges of the lower profiles, and holes for a tightening threaded element are made in the stops.

The stops can be made in the form of corners or plates welded to the profiles, however, it is more preferable to make stops from segments of a tubular profile of round or square section, welded to the supporting profiles by fillet welds.

Such stops are practically not subject to deformation, which contributes to the high rigidity of the connection, while ensuring technological simplicity of manufacture and the absence of lap joints.

The transverse stiffness diaphragms placed in the screed levels are made of two curly plates, each of which is placed in the space between the inner walls of the corresponding profile and fixed to these walls on a part of its contour, while the other part of the plate contour is adapted to mate with the side surface of the pile. In fact, the inner contour of the plate repeats the lateral surface of the pile, forming a lodgement for it.

In the zones of profile bends, the figured plates have cut corners, which ensures the formation of through holes in the corner zones.

Due to the fact that in the proposed welded construction of the rack there are no lap joints, and through technological holes are made in the transverse plates and corner zones, it is possible to use the hot dip galvanizing method for anti-corrosion treatment of the welded structure of the rack.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The feasibility of the industrial feasibility of the proposed technical solution is confirmed by the following example and drawings, which depict:

in FIG. 1 - rack support overhead power lines, General view;

in FIG. 2 is a view A from FIG. one;

in FIG. 3 - shows the bottom of the rack;

in FIG. 4 is a section A-A of FIG. 3;

in FIG. 5 is a cross-section BB of FIG. 3;

in FIG. 6 is a section CC of FIG. 3;

in FIG. 7 - section D-D with FIG. 3;

in FIG. 8 - shows a stand mounted on a pile, with a partial section;

in FIG. 9 is a cross-section EE of FIG. 8;

in FIG. 10 is an example of a support made using the proposed rack, isometry, shows the orientation of the rack relative to the overhead power line.

The implementation of the invention

The proposed rack can be used as an intermediate support overhead power lines, as well as as part of an anchor support with a strut.

The rack contains a split barrel formed by two pairs of vertical open profiles: upper 1 and lower 2, rigidly connected to each other by means of a transverse plate 3 (see Fig. 1, 2).

The vertical profiles 1 and 2, made in the form of U-shaped bent profiles, are facing, in each pair, towards each other with extreme edges.

Due to the large length of the upper part, the vertical profiles 1 can be made of sections joined together.

The extreme edges of the upper profiles 1 are interconnected by rod elements 4, forming a lattice face of the rack. The rod elements 4 can be made in the form of strips or braces, preferably from an angular hot-rolled or bent profile. The braces are installed with ribs on the surface of the profiles 1 and are connected with them by fillet welds.

The upper ends of the profiles 1 are combined into a joint work by a plate 5, which serves to secure the crosshead for hanging wires. The transverse plate 3 rigidly connects the lower ends of the upper profiles 1 and the upper ends of the lower profiles 2, ensuring reliable joint operation of the bearing belts.

The lower profiles 2 are rotated 90 ° relative to the profiles 1 in the plan of the plate 3. The lower part of the rack is much shorter than the upper and serves to fix the rack on the pile. The means for securing the rack on the pile located on the lower profiles 2 includes (see Figs. 3, 4) nodes for screed profiles in the girth of the pile. The nodes are placed two on opposite sides of the rack and are spaced in each pair along the height of the rack. Each coupler of the coupler includes fixed opposite each other on the extreme edges of the profiles 2 stops 6, the so-called bosses with threaded holes for tightening elements 7. Each stop 6 is made of a pipe segment welded externally to the profile wall 2.

At the same level with the stops 6, inside each profile 2, a figured plate 8 is mounted, fixed to the inner walls of profile 2 on a part of its contour and made on another part of the contour of the mating lateral surface of the pile (see Fig. 4, 9). The curly plates 8 located at the same level form, after joining the profiles, a transverse stiffness diaphragm.

Above the upper stops 6, limiters 9 are placed in the form of vertical plates fixed with an edge to the inner walls of the profiles 2 (see Figs. 5, 7, 8).

If necessary, the lower part of the rack can be reinforced with scarves 10, welded between the plate 3 and the outer walls of the profiles 2 and forming vertical stiffeners (see Figs. 1-3, 5-8).

The whole assembled welded construction of the rack is subjected to anticorrosion treatment, for example, by hot dip galvanizing. The possibility of applying this processing method is ensured by the absence of lap joints in the design, the implementation of technological holes 11 in the transverse plate 3 (see Fig. 6), as well as the presence of gaps 12 in the corner zones of the bends of the profiles 2 due to the implementation of curly plates 8 with cut corners (see Fig. 4).

The cross section of the rack is asymmetrical, rectangular, expanded in the upper part in the transverse direction relative to the overhead line, and in the lower part - in the longitudinal direction, along the axis of the overhead line (see Figs. 1-2, 4-6, 9).

The cross-sectional area of the rack, limited by the contour of the lower pair of profiles 2, is less than the cross-sectional area limited by the contour of the upper pair of profiles 1 at the level of the plate 3.

For the manufacture of the lower profiles 2, a metal of a greater thickness can be used than for the upper profiles 1.

A fully finished rack is delivered to the installation site. Using the appropriate lifting equipment, the rack is mounted on top of a pre-installed reinforced concrete or metal pile 13 buried in the ground, until the end of the pile 13 rests in the limiters 9 of the rack. Check whether the vertical position of the rack corresponds to the desired design position.

Check the orientation of the rack relative to the power line: the lattice face of the upper part of the rack should be perpendicular to the wires of the overhead power line, and the solid walls of the profiles 1 are oriented along the wire line (see Fig. 10).

After the alignment, the rack is fixed by tightening the profiles 2 between themselves with threaded elements 7 with controlled tension. Check the adequacy of compression piles 13 visual and measuring control (probe).

A traverse 14 is mounted on top of the installed rack to secure the wires 15, the choice of design of which depends on the design features of the laid power line and the type of wire used.

Field tests showed that the proposed design of the rack is characterized by high strength and stiffness characteristics in the area of connection with the foundation with respect to loads acting both in the longitudinal and transverse directions relative to the overhead power line, which ensures high reliability and bearing capacity of the support in all operating modes , including at maximum loads in normal operating conditions, as well as in emergency situations.

So in emergency mode, when one or more wires breaks, the design, together with the weight loads transferred from the wires, is affected by horizontal loads from reduced tension. In this case, the bending moment increases sharply in the direction of the VL axis and a torque appears, which is uniformly transmitted down the rack shaft along the vertical bearing profiles.

The split structure of the rack trunk, the presence of a transverse connecting plate 3 and higher stiffness and strength characteristics of the "rectangular cross-section" of the lower part of the rack can prevent the rack from scrolling on the foundation pipe.

The proposed design of the rack in terms of rigidity of connection with the foundation is not inferior to structures with a flange connection.

It should be understood that the possibilities of carrying out the invention are not limited to the above example, which shows the possibility of industrial application of the invention and serves to clarify the essence of the solution.

Claims (12)

1. A support tower of an overhead power transmission line, comprising a barrel of vertical open profiles facing each other with extreme edges, rod elements connecting the extreme edges of the profiles, and means for securing to the pile, including nodes spaced apart along the height of the rack for leveling profiles placed in levels the said nodes transverse diaphragms of rigidity and limiters fixed on the inner surface of the profiles to support the upper end of the pile, characterized in that the rack barrel is made split, consisting of two, upper and lower, pairs of vertical open profiles rigidly connected to each other by means of a transverse plate, in the plan of which the lower pair of profiles is rotated 90 ° relative to the upper one, while the profiles of the upper pair are interconnected by rod elements, and the means for fixing on the pile posted on the profiles of the bottom pair. 2. The rack according to claim 1, characterized in that at the level of the transverse plate, the cross-sectional area of the rack, limited by the contour of the lower pair of profiles, is less than the cross-sectional area limited by the contour of the upper pair of profiles. 3. The rack according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the upper part of the rack is made expanded in the transverse direction of the relative overhead power line, while the cross section of the lower part of the rack is made widened in the direction of the axis of the overhead power line. 4. A rack according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower pair of profiles is made of metal of a greater thickness than the upper one. 5. Rack under item 1, characterized in that the vertical open profiles are made in the form of U-shaped bent profiles. 6. A rack according to claim 1, characterized in that through holes are made in the transverse plate. 7. A rack according to claim 1, characterized in that stiffeners are installed between the transverse plate and the outer walls of the profiles. 8. A rack according to claim 1, characterized in that the limiters are made in the form of vertical plates welded by a rib to the inner wall of the corresponding profile. 9. A rack according to claim 1, characterized in that each coupler assembly includes two stops fixed opposite each other on the extreme edges of the lower profiles, and holes for a tightening threaded element are made in the stops. 10. A stand according to claim 9, characterized in that the stops are made in the form of segments of a tubular profile welded to the profiles. 11. A rack according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse stiffness diaphragms are made up of two curved plates, each of which is placed in the space between the inner walls of the corresponding profile and fixed to these walls on a part of the contour, while the other part of the plate contour is made with the possibility of pairing with the side surface of the pile. 12. The rack according to claim 11, characterized in that the curly plates are made with cut corners in the zones of profile bends.

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