RU2640342C1 - Device for performing geophysical investigations (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.SUBSTANCE: according to the first version, the device includes an assembly of downhole tools equipped with transit line of electronic communication installed in the drill string or tubing pipes, and includes a casing installed coaxially for protection and transportation of the tool assembly and a guide tube with a movement limiter located in the lower part and holes above it, a control chamber in the form of a cavity formed between the casing and the guide tube, the tool assembly is configured in the upper part with an arm and shank, and rigidly fixed in the lower end with the drill pipe, a coupling-decoupling device with a collet grip mounted in the upper part in the casing by a coupling with holes rigidly fixed to the drill pipe, a cone bushing mounted in the guide tube for engagement with the collet grip. According to the second version, the device includes a casing installed coaxially for protection and for moving along the string, a guide pipe with channels inside for flushing fluid passage to the drilling tool and channels for controlling the movement of the casing, the tool assembly fixed in the upper part to the guide pipe, and in the lower part attached by means of the coupling to the drill pipe. The coupling is provided with spring-loaded balls for fixing the protective casing when running in, and channels for passing flushing fluid when drilling. The inner surface of the casing has circular projections forming the upper and lower arms. The area of the lower arm is greater than the area of the upper arm.EFFECT: it is possible to investigate the drilling tool, reduced time for performing the investigation, reduced risk of accident, improved information content.2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to mining and can be used for geophysical and other studies without first removing the drilling tool from the well with any pumping (vertical, inclined, horizontal, difficult to profile).

State of the art

A device for the delivery of a geophysical instrument or service equipment in a horizontal well, known as a "downhole tractor" [RF patent No. 2487230, publ. 07/10/2013]. The tractor contains a cylindrical body with an electric motor installed in it, pivotally mounted proppant supports, and at least one section with a mover made in the form of wheels installed in the body with a radius of curvature equal to the radius of the well under study. At the same time, the tractor is additionally equipped with a pump driven by an electric motor, a hydraulic motor with a chain drive to the wheels, and an activator of proppants. An additional electric motor can be installed in the housing for the proppant activator. Delivery of geophysical instruments using it is as follows. A downhole tractor is coupled with a geophysical instrument and a geophysical cable with a clutch and lowered into the well. When the tractor reaches the horizontal section of the well, an electric motor is turned on, which drives the activator of the proppant supports. The proppants extend apart and the tractor wheels abut against the borehole walls. When the necessary clamping force is reached, the activator of the wedging supports stops pushing them apart. Torque from the electric motor is transmitted to the pump, which drives the hydraulic motor. Wheels are driven from the hydraulic motor through a chain drive. Moving along the horizontal part of the wellbore towards its bottom, the tractor pulls the geophysical cable. To raise the downhole tractor from the well, the proppant activator is turned on in the opposite direction, while the proppant supports are folded and the downhole tractor is removed by winding the geophysical cable onto the logging bay. This method is quite costly, including in the service and emergency. In addition, a significant drawback of this method is that the tractor must be positioned in the center of the well, which leads to blocking the flow of drilling fluid.

Known special geophysical cable for the study of deviated and horizontal wells with increased rigidity, which allows using this cable to not only lower the instruments into the well, but also push them to the bottom of horizontal wells [RF patent No. 2087929, publ. 08/20/1997]. The geophysical cable consists of live conductors, electrical insulation, a two-layer armor coil, on top of which a thick plastic material coating is applied, an additional two-layer armor with mutually opposite winding and gaps between the individual wires in the coils, over which a common coating of plastic material is applied, filling the gaps between with wires. The disadvantage is that a rigid geophysical cable does not guarantee the delivery of devices to the bottom of the wells with an extended horizontal part. In addition, such a cable has the property of retaining permanent deformation caused by winding a logging hoist winch drum. This leads to intermittent stops of the devices in the well bore with uneven movement during measurements. Therefore, when interpreting the obtained logging data, great difficulties arise in linking the depths, and all this ultimately leads to erroneous conclusions when interpreting logs recorded over several descents and ascents under conditions of rapidly changing dynamic processes during development of production wells. It is essentially the same that a rigid cable ensures the successful delivery of standard downhole tools to the faces of only very shallow wells, the values of the zenith angles in which do not exceed 70-75 degrees.

From the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2520733, publ. 06/27/2014 well-known geophysical equipment containing a geophysical cable with a cable lug and a sealed enclosure with sensors located inside it for recording parameters of a geophysical field, for example, geophones. Radio communication modules are additionally introduced into the sealed enclosure and into the cable lug, and the upper part of the sealed enclosure and the lower part of the cable lug are made in the form of radio-transparent endings with the possibility of information exchange between the radio communication modules. The main disadvantage of using this equipment is the use of a conventional geophysical cable in it, which cannot be pushed to the devices attached to the end of the drill string of tubing in the case of horizontal wells.

A known method of lowering geophysical instruments to the desired depth, disclosed in RF patent No. 2563855, publ. 09/20/2015, where the goal is achieved by the fact that the tubing string is moved together with the cable segment contained in it to the horizontal part of the trunk at a distance commensurate with the vertical part of the trunk, then at least once additionally the cable piece is lowered into the tubing string such the same length with the possibility of mechanical and non-contact radio wave connection of its lower end with the upper end of the cable section contained in the well, with each additional piece of wireline being alternately lowered and clamp m to a column of tubing. The implementation of the method requires complex technological operations, and for research it is necessary to completely remove the pipes from the well.

The closest technical solution is a device for logging horizontal wells, known from the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2353955, publ. 04/27/2009, which contains autonomous geophysical modules lowered into the well, interconnected into an assembly, to the upper part of which is connected a means for connecting the assembly to the drill pipe string, as well as a ground-based complex including a depth gauge and a personal computer, while the assembly contains gamma modules - logging, three-probe neutron-neutron logging, multi-probe electric lateral logging, wave acoustic logging, acoustic profiler, inclinometer, while in the lower part of the assembly a wash nozzle for exit of the drilling fluid in the wellbore annulus during washing, and each module contains self geophysical autonomous power supply unit, signal conversion units and memory. However, a long shutdown of the well is required for the work, which in some cases is not permissible due to the high degree of accident rate.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical result obtained by the implementation of the developed technical solutions consists in conducting geophysical surveys in wells with any pumping without prior extraction of a drilling tool, reducing the time for conducting geophysical and other surveys in wells, reducing the accident rate of this type of work, and increasing the information content of geophysical surveys of various wells.

The claimed technical result is achieved by the use of a device for geophysical research of a well according to the first embodiment, including assembly of downhole geophysical and other instruments, equipped with a transit line of electronic communication, the device is installed directly in the drill string or tubing, coaxially mounted casing for protection and transportation of the assembly instruments and a guide pipe with coaxially located holes, a control chamber, in the form of a cavity between the casing and the pipe, sat instrument hand, in the upper part made with a shoulder and a shank, and rigidly fastened in the lower end by means of a sleeve with a drill pipe, a universal undocking and docking device with a collet gripper installed in the casing in the upper part by means of a sleeve rigidly fastened with a drill pipe, a conical sleeve installed in the guide tube for interaction with the collet grip of the undocking and docking device.

The claimed technical result is achieved by the use of a device for geophysical exploration of a well according to the second embodiment, installed directly in a drill string or tubing, including an assembly of downhole geophysical and other instruments, equipped with an electronic communication transit line, a coaxially mounted casing for protecting the instrument assembly and a guide pipe with channels inside, the instrument assembly, mounted in the upper part on the guide pipe, and in the lower by means of the drill end coupling ruboy, the sleeve is provided with spring-loaded balls for locking the guard during descent and channels for the passage of flushing fluid during drilling, the inner surface of the casing formed annular projections forming the upper and lower arm.

Description of the invention

The device is installed directly in the drill string or tubing in a special pipe - the casing. The diameter of the casing is defined as the maximum allowable for unhindered drilling. An assembly of downhole geophysical and other instruments is specially installed in the casing, and the free space between the devices and the casing is sufficient for unhindered passage of the flushing fluid. The mechanism by which the upper part of the rigid assembly of geophysical and other instruments is connected to the casing is equipped with a universal undocking and docking device. To undock the instruments from the casing, a key is delivered to the undocking device under the influence of the flushing fluid flow, which leads to undocking the assembly of geophysical and other instruments from the casing, and the casing from the drill string. Having undocked from the device holding the geophysical instruments in the casing of the device, the assembly of geophysical instruments, rigidly fastened at the lower end to the drill string, telescopically extends under the influence of the flow of flushing fluid or gravity and friction from the casing. 1 or, depending on the type of device, the hood extends Fig. 2. The movement of the casing after exposure of the assembly of devices is stopped by means of limiters. Detachment of the assembly from the casing is synchronized with the inclusion of instruments and recording of geophysical information. The length of the casing is determined by the assembly length of the geophysical instruments. The assembly of geophysical instruments may include all the basic instruments necessary for a qualitative study of the geological section of the well:

- GGK module (litho-density gamma-gamma-ray logging);

- module (AK) - (broadband acoustic logging);

- NOC module (two-probe neutron-neutron logging);

- GK module - (gamma ray logging);

- SGK module (spectrometric gamma ray logging);

- EC module (four-probe electric logging);

- module - imager (electric or acoustic scanner);

- AKP module (acoustic profiler);

- NMK module (nuclear magnetic logging);

- module GDK (hydrodynamic logging);

- VSP module (vertical seismic profiling);

- gyroinclinometer module.

- module “Pee Key” (thermometer, flow meter, moisture meter)

All devices are interconnected by a transit high-performance electronic communication line. At the top end of the instrument assembly is a control module. Information obtained during the recording process is recorded in the memory in each module and in the memory device of the control module. When the instrument assembly is docked back into the casing, the instrument power is turned off. Devices are damped and drilling continues. Depending on the characteristics of the wells, two devices are used. 1 and Fig. 2

Brief Description of the Drawings

In Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a device according to the first embodiment for horizontal drilling.

In Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a device according to the second embodiment for vertical gentle production wells.

The implementation of the invention

In Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a device for geophysical exploration of a well. The device consists of an assembly of geophysical instruments 1 equipped with a shank in the form of a fungus 16. Coaxially with the assembly of geophysical instruments 1 there is a casing for transporting the assembly 3 and a guide tube 4. A conical sleeve 5 is installed in the guide tube by means of fastening screws 6. In the adapter sleeve 2, mounted on the drill the pipe 17, there is a universal undocking and docking device with a collet gripper 7, moreover, the collet gripper of the device in its original state and the spring 8 holds the assembly of geophysical instruments by the tails IR in the form of a fungus. The device is equipped with stuffing box seals 10. The assembly of geophysical instruments with the lower part is fixed in the end sleeve 11, which is screwed into the drill pipe 17. The holes 13 are coaxially located in the guide pipe, and the casing for transporting the assembly and the guide pipe form a control chamber 12. In the lower part of the guide pipe a travel stop is located 18. The assembly of geophysical instruments in the upper part has a shoulder 14.

The device operates as follows. To withdraw the assembly of downhole geophysical and other instruments from the protective casing to the saddle of the undocking and docking device 7, the ball 15 is lowered through the drill pipes with flushing fluid. The ball 15 shuts off the pressure of the flushing fluid. The undocking and docking device with a collet gripper 7 starts moving, runs a collet on the conical sleeve 5 and releases the fungus of the shank 16 of the assembly of downhole geophysical instruments 1 from the grip. Next, the assembly of downhole geophysical and other instruments 1 starts moving relative to the guide tube. The fluid from under the shoulder 14 of the assembly 1 flows through the openings 13 into the control chamber 12. During the assembly of the devices, the pressure in the pipes must be relieved. Thus, the assembly of borehole geophysical and other instruments is ready for operation.

To raise the assembly of downhole geophysical and other instruments 1 to its initial state, it is necessary to increase the pressure of the drilling fluid in the drill pipes. The docking and docking device with a collet gripper 7 will move, opening the holes 13 at the top. Flushing fluid under pressure through the holes 13 and the control chamber 12, falls under the shoulder 14 of the assembly of geophysical instruments and, creating a pressure differential, moves it up. The remaining flushing fluid from the coaxial chamber between the instrument part 1 and the guide chamber 12 through the holes of the screws 9 is discharged into the annulus. In the initial state of the assembly of geophysical instruments, the collet grip of the docking and docking device captures the fungus of the shank 16. Thus, the assembly of geophysical instruments is restored to its original state.

Schematic diagram of the device according to the second embodiment, shown in Fig. 2, the most effective for operations in shallow vertical production wells.

Device Fig. 2 consists of an assembly of geophysical instruments 1, closed by a protective casing 4, and fixed at one end to a guide pipe 2, which is fixedly mounted through the adapter sleeve 3 directly to the drill pipe 13. Moreover, the guide pipe 2 has a channel 8, the diameter of which is equal to the inner diameter of the drill pipes and channels 9, the total area of which is equal to the area of channel 8. The lower end of the assembly of geophysical instruments 1 is fixed in the adapter sleeve 5, and that in turn is attached to the drill pipe 14. To fix the protective casing 4, if not and drilling fluid pressure in the drill pipe during descent, on the adapter sleeve 5 there are spring-loaded balls 6 included in the groove of the protective casing 4. During the drilling, the drilling fluid passes through channels 8 and 9 and the groove 7 of the guide pipe 4, and channels 10 of the adapter sleeve 5 . On the inner diameter of the protective casing there are annular protrusions forming the upper shoulder 11 and the lower shoulder 12. Moreover, the shoulders are made different and the area of the lower shoulder 12 is larger than the area of the upper shoulder 11. In this form, the device is attached to the drill and tool, and with this tool performs the functions of drilling and flushing, without interfering with the drilling operations.

To prepare the device according to the second embodiment for operation, it is necessary to raise the protective casing 4 upwards, thereby opening the assembly of devices 1 for geophysical research. This is done as follows. The ball 16 is lowered onto the saddle 15 of the guide tube 2. The ball will block the pressure of the flushing fluid in the channels 9 and the fluid will go through the channels 17 under the upper arm 11, thereby creating pressure on this arm and forming the lifting force of the protective casing upward. The casing moves up to the stop of the lower arm 12 in the guide tube 2, and the force of the spring-loaded balls in comparison with the lifting force will be incomparably less. Upon completion of this operation, the assembly of geophysical instruments is ready for operation.

To bring the device according to Fig. 2 to the initial state, it is necessary to raise the ball 16. Flushing liquid under pressure through the channels 9, will go to the lower arm 12 and create a force on the area of this arm. Due to the difference in the areas of the lower and upper shoulders, the protective casing 4 will move downward, closing the assembly of geophysical instruments 1. The remaining liquid between the protective casing and the guide pipe through the holes 18 is discharged into the annulus.

The invention allows for both final and intermediate logging studies.

Conducting geophysical and other studies of the well as the technological lifting of the drilling tool (change of drilling equipment) to the wellhead. In this case, the role of the key will be played by a ball, falling into the undocking and docking device and leading to the execution of the above sequence of operations, allowing to expose the rigid assembly of devices in an open wellbore and carry out the necessary geophysical studies. Information from the instruments will be extracted after lifting the instruments at the wellhead.

Conducting intermediate geophysical and other studies of the well in a limited interval of the wellbore, reading the received information through a wireless reader delivered to the instruments via a wireline cable. After reading and analyzing the obtained data, the cable is removed from the well, the drill string is reconnected with the drilling tool, and drilling is continued. If necessary, such intermediate studies can be carried out in any quantity with a subsequent increase in the length of the drill string. To reduce the downtime of the well, the read-out head (by means of a non-contact radio wave connection) is washed during the technological flushing (development) of the well.

Unlike other research methods in wells of various profiles (horizontal curved and ordinary vertical), the invention allows:

- significantly reduce the time for conducting geophysical and other studies in wells, since the instruments are constantly located in the downhole part of the well, and are activated only after the start of movement of the instrument part in the casing;

- to ensure the smooth operation of geophysical and other equipment, the equipment necessary for generating electricity and transmitting navigation data may be structurally included in the rigid assembly of geophysical and other instruments;

- the arrangement of devices hidden in the protective casing does not create additional obstacles in the process of drilling, and helps to reduce the accident rate of drilling;

- the expensive assembly of downhole geophysical instruments when grabbing the drill bit can be removed from the well by exceeding the ultimate tensile force at the junction of the bottom of the instruments with the drill string;

- the most common technical means are used for work.

Other well-known technologies and devices for geophysical and other studies do not have the above advantages.

Claims (2)

1. A device for geophysical research of a well, including an assembly of downhole geophysical and other instruments, equipped with a transit line of electronic communication, characterized in that it is installed directly in the drill string or tubing, includes a coaxially mounted casing for protecting and transporting the instrument assembly and a guide pipe with a travel stop located in the lower part and holes above it, a control chamber in the form of a cavity formed between the casing and the guide tube, assembly of the instrument in, made in the upper part with a shoulder and a shank and rigidly fastened in the lower end with a drill pipe, a docking and docking device with a collet gripper installed in the upper part in a casing by means of a sleeve with holes rigidly fastened to the drill pipe, a conical sleeve installed in guide tube for interoperability with collet grips. 2. A device for geophysical research of a well, including an assembly of downhole geophysical and other instruments, equipped with a transit line of electronic communication, characterized in that it is installed directly in the drill string or tubing and includes a coaxially mounted protective casing with the ability to move along the string, a guide pipe with channels inside for the passage of flushing fluid to the drilling tool and channels for controlling the movement of the casing, the assembly of devices fixed in the upper part to the guide pipe, and in the lower - by means of the coupling - to the drill pipe, the coupling is made with spring-loaded balls for fixing the protective cover during descent and channels for the passage of flushing fluid during drilling, annular protrusions are made on the inner surface of the casing, forming the upper and lower shoulder and the area of the lower arm is larger than the area of the upper arm.

Images