RU2638708C1 - Thermal pipe with electrohydrodynamic generator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating system.

SUBSTANCE: heat pipe with an electrohydrodynamic generator, in which a partition 17 is installed inside the steam channel 4 at the level of nozzles 8. Also outside the case two metal containers 13 are installed, inside of each of which one ionizing electrode and one collector of charges are installed. Wherein, steam supply ducts 18 and outlet ducts 20 are additionally installed above and below the partition 17, and vortex chambers 19 are installed between the upper ends of condensate lines 7 and the nozzles 8. Moreover, the steam supply ducts 18 are installed tangentially relative to the vortex chambers 19, which allows for more efficient spraying of the condensate, thereby increasing the distance overcome by the drops between ionizing electrodes and collectors 6 in metal containers 13.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to raise the efficiency of electrostatic generator.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of heat engineering, more specifically to the field of heat exchangers capable of converting thermal energy into electrostatic energy.

Many technological processes are known that use electrostatic energy. This is described in detail in the book “Electrostatics in Engineering” F. Tanescu, Kramaryuk R. M.: Energy, 1080, 296 p., Translation from Romanian.

It is almost impossible to implement such processes in an autonomous version. We need a power line and a device that converts electromagnetic energy into electrostatic. In the stand-alone version, you can use an ordinary bonfire and get electrostatic energy on the proposed device. In the simplest case, electrostatic energy can be converted into light using LED lamps and illuminated, for example, in a tourist tent or used in electrostatic pumps or electro-hydrodynamic heat exchangers, for example, the same heat pipes in which electrostatic energy is used to intensify heat and mass transfer.

Known electro-hydrodynamic heat pipe with an electro-hydrodynamic generator [1], containing an evaporator, a condenser and an electro-hydrodynamic transducer installed in the steam volume of the energy of the heat carrier vapor flow into electrical energy with an ionizer, exciter and collector, the electro-hydrodynamic transducer is made in the form of a nozzle from the bimetallic plates coated steam flow by a dielectric, and between the collector and the ionizer an adjustable high-voltage transformer is connected, with uzhaschy agent.

However, in such a heat pipe, the energy of steam is mainly converted to electrostatic energy, which is not effective.

An electrohydrodynamic heat pipe with an EHD generator [2] is also known, in which the collector is equipped on the periphery with a metal cylinder covered by a dielectric shell, and an electret was used as a dielectric for coating bimetal plates.

In such a pipe, the self-starting time is actually reduced, but the basis is still the inefficient conversion of steam energy.

An electrohydrodynamic heat pipe [3] was selected as an analogue, it contains a body with evaporation and condensation zones and a steam channel, an ionizer in the form of a nozzle and an electric charge collector installed in the channel, and a condensate collector located in the condensation zone and connected by a tube to the nozzle.

In such a heat pipe, a more efficient process is used to produce electrostatic energy - dispersion of condensate. However, when dispersing the condensate, part of the droplets formed has a positive charge, and part - a negative one. When it gets onto the collector, the charge from positively and negatively charged drops partially cancel each other out, which reduces the generator output power.

As a prototype, a heat pipe with an EHD generator [4] was chosen, in which two generators were used for the first time, which capture separately positive and negative charged drops.

However, such a heat pipe has several disadvantages. The main disadvantage of such a heat pipe is the inefficient condensate spray. The reason for the inefficiency is the non-use of high-speed steam to spray condensate. The inefficiency of the operation of the EHD generator in the heat pipe is also explained by the fact that the atomized droplets move from the ionizer to the collector over the shortest distance, which can lead to an undesirable and premature discharge between the ionizer and the collector. A much greater distance during the movement of droplets is realized in the case of their vortex motion. This in turn will allow the collector to realize a significantly higher electrical potential.

The purpose of the proposed heat pipe is to significantly increase the production of electrostatic energy.

The proposed heat pipe contains a housing with evaporation zones in the lower part and a condensation zone in the upper part and a partition placed between them, in which two steam pipelines, a central condensate line and two lateral condensate pipes are attached, the upper ends of which are connected to the condensation zone, while the upper end of the central pipeline installed above the upper ends of the side coding lines, and the lower end is installed inside the capillary structure, two metal containers located outside the housing, each of of which is equipped with a dielectric shell on the outside, nozzles are installed in the upper part of the tank, and the lower part is connected through pipelines with a capillary structure, and inside the tank, one ionizing electrode and a charge collector are installed below the nozzles, each of which is connected to the metal body of the tank, each ionizing electrode is connected via high voltage connectors to the metal casing of the opposite side.

It is possible to recognize as a feature of the proposed heat pipe that a partition is installed inside the steam channel, at the nozzle level, steam supply channels and outlet channels are additionally installed at the top and bottom of the partition, swirl chambers are installed between the condensate pipelines and nozzles, and the supply steam channels are installed tangentially relative to the swirl chambers 19 .

The technical result can be recognized as a more efficient atomization of condensate due to its swirling with steam and increasing the distance between the collector and the emitter, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the electrostatic generator.

In fig. 1 schematically shows a heat pipe with electro-hydrodynamic generators. It contains a housing 1 with evaporation zones 2 in the lower part and a condensation zone 3 in the upper part of the steam channel 4 and a partition 9 located between zones 2 and 3, in which two steam pipelines 10, a central condensate pipe 16 and two lateral condensate pipes 7 are attached, the upper ends of which communicated with the condensation zone 3, while the upper end of the central pipe 16 is installed above the upper ends of the side coding lines 7, and the lower end is installed inside the capillary structure 11, two metal containers 13 located outside the housing a 1, each of which is provided with a dielectric shell 12 from the outside, nozzles 8 are installed in the upper part of the tank, and the lower part communicates through pipelines with a capillary structure 11, and one ionizing electrode 15 and a charge collector 6 are installed inside the tank below the nozzles 8, moreover, each of which is connected to the metal case of the container 13, while each ionizing electrode 15 is connected via high voltage connectors to the metal case 13 of the opposite side.

In Fig. 2 shows a vortex chamber 19 with supply channels 18.

The feature of the proposed heat pipe manifests itself in the fact that inside the steam channel 4, at the level of the nozzles 8, a partition 17 is installed, steam supply channels 18 and outlet channels 20 are additionally installed above and below the partition 17, vortex chambers 19 are installed between the upper ends of the condensate pipelines 7 and nozzles 8 moreover, the supplying steam channels 18 are installed tangentially relative to the vortex chambers 19.

Another feature can be recognized that the cross-sectional area in the outlet channel 20 to the cross-sectional area in the inlet channel is in the range from 3 to 5.

The proposed heat pipe works as follows.

When heat is supplied to the evaporation zone 2, the liquid easily evaporating heat carrier evaporates and rises through the steam line 4 in the form of steam and, passing through the supply channels 18, rushes at a high speed into the vortex chamber 19. The ratio of the areas of the supply 18 and 20 channels exhausting 20 pairs contributes to a high steam speed in vortex chambers 19. When the ratio of the areas is less than 3, the steam velocities in the vortex chamber 19 are not enough to completely swirl the condensate stream, and when the ratio is over 5, the hydraulic resistance in dvodyaschem channel 18. The steam in the swirl chamber 19, cooperating with condensate falling into the swirl chamber 19 through the upper ends 7 condensate, condensate and spins it falls in this form in the nozzle 8. This creates optimal conditions for the spray condensation. Passing through the ionizing electrodes 15, the droplets are charged. This is facilitated by the fact that each ionizing electrode 15 is connected via high voltage connectors to the metal casing 13 of the opposite side. Finally, the charges are removed on the collectors 6, and the condensate again returns to the evaporation zone 2.

By imparting vortex motion to the flow of droplets, optimal dispersion conditions are realized and the distance traveled by the droplets between the ionizing electrodes 15 and the collectors 6 is increased, which significantly increases the voltage at the collector 6. Both vortex chambers 19 are separated from the grounded sections of the housing by dielectric shells 12 and therefore these vortex chambers produce electrostatic energy of the opposite sign, and in general, the action of both vortex chambers 19 is electrically neutral.

Information sources

1. USSR copyright certificate No. 706672.

2. USSR copyright certificate No. 883643.

3. USSR copyright certificate No. 1177647.

4. A positive decision on the application of RM No.20120121.

Claims (2)

1. A heat pipe comprising a housing with evaporation zones in the lower part and a condensation zone in the upper part and a partition placed between them, in which two steam pipelines, a central condensate conduit and two lateral condensate pipelines are attached, the upper ends of which are connected to the condensation zone, with the upper end the central pipeline is installed above the upper ends of the side coding lines, and the lower end is installed inside the capillary structure, two metal containers located outside the casing, each of which the outer side is equipped with a dielectric shell, nozzles are installed in the upper part of the tank, and the lower part is connected through pipelines with a capillary structure, and inside the tank, one ionizing electrode and a charge collector are installed below the nozzles, each of which is connected to the metal body of the tank, each the ionizing electrode is connected through high-voltage connectors to the metal casing of the opposite side, characterized in that inside the steam channel, at the nozzle level A partition is provided above and below the partition, steam supply channels and outlet channels are additionally installed, vortex chambers are installed between the upper ends of the condensate pipelines and nozzles, and the steam supply channels are installed tangentially relative to the vortex chambers. 2. The heat pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional area in the outlet channel to the cross-sectional area in the inlet channel is in the range from 3 to 5.

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