RU2637744C1 - Led modulated plant phytolighter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: control system is introduced with an automatic regulator of the radiation flux density for the time of day "morning", "day", "evening" and an automatic regulator of pulse switching of light sources with adjustment of exposure time and duration of dark pauses. The change in the parameters of the light flux can also be controlled manually.

EFFECT: creating LED plant phytolighter, modulated by a spatial modulator, based on phyto LED matrices operating in pulsed mode with spectral characteristic, which matches as much as possible the relevant individual characteristics of plants, and increased density of radiation flow, helps to ensure significantly higher yields for shorter periods.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, namely to illuminators based on phyto-LED arrays of the full spectrum and intended for growing various plant products in home or industrial conditions, where it is necessary to illuminate plants with a lack of natural light.

The well-known "universal LED illuminator with microprocessor control" containing several groups of LEDs with a different emission spectrum, complementing each other, including infrared and ultraviolet, as well as a directional heater. The lighter has a regulator with automatic maintenance of the lighting cycle and a regulator with automatic maintenance of the lighting mode and a sensor spectrometer of the light flux composition. At the same time, a total luminous flux corresponding to different geographically latitudes, climatic conditions and plant species (or aquarium fish) is provided. The change in the luminous flux parameters can be controlled manually or automatically using a microprocessor. The illuminator can also be used in conjunction with external light sources, adding the missing part of the spectrum to increase the color rendering coefficient (see RF patent No. 39183, IPC 7 F21F 9/10 “Universal LED illuminator with microprocessor control”, application for invention 2004111438/22 from 16.04 .2004. - Published on July 20, 2004).

The main disadvantage of the invention is a large number of LEDs and a complex control system.

Closer and adopted for the prototype is a "universal polychromatic irradiator" containing several groups of LEDs with different emission spectra, complementing each other, including infrared and ultraviolet, as well as a heater made in the form of an infrared radiation source with directional heat flux. The control system includes an automatic regulator of the irradiation cycle according to the time of day of any zone of the globe, an automatic regulator of the lighting mode in accordance with weather conditions, a temperature sensor, a sensor that scans the spectral composition of radiation, and also a switch that allows you to adjust the radiation spectrum depending on the radiation spectrum of the external a light source and a given lighting mode (see, RF patent No. 2278408, MPK-8 G05D 25/00 "Universal polychromatic irradiator", published on 06/20/2006, Bull. No. 17).

The main disadvantage of the invention is a large number of LEDs, redundant control system.

The objective of the invention is the creation of LED, modulated by a spatial modulator (PM) phyto-illuminator with radiation as appropriate for the individual characteristics of plants.

The technical result is a reduction in the number of LEDs, respectively, simplifying the control system, accelerating the growth and development of plants.

The problem is achieved in that in the LED modulated phyto-illuminator of plants containing radiation sources, a control controller, a power source, radiation sources are made on the basis of full spectrum phyto-LED arrays operating in a pulsed mode, the source located on top, consisting of two phyto-LED arrays, is made with the possibility of changing the height of illumination of plants, and its radiation is additionally modulated by a spatial modulator, a second source consisting of three phytos diode arrays, designed for additional illumination of the lower and lateral parts of plants, are made with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination, and the automatic control of the radiation flux density according to the time of day is introduced into the control controller: morning, afternoon, evening, and automatic pulse switching light sources with adjustable exposure time and duration of dark pauses depending on the type of plant.

Changes in the luminous flux parameters can also be controlled manually.

As is known, biosystem stimulation can be carried out by means of electromagnetic fields in the optical range. According to the hypothesis [see Malov A.N., Malov S.N., Cherny V.V. / Physical fundamentals of laser therapy. - Irkutsk: IF ILF SB RAS, 1997. Preprint No. 2. - 46 pp.] The effect of laser biostimulation is manifested under the condition of “matching the spatial distribution of the intensity of the laser radiation field (speckle structure) with the structure of a biological object characterized by conformational states of macromolecules”.

One of the differences between laser coherent radiation and incoherent light is its ability to form speckle structures. Speckle (Eng. Speckle - speck, speck) is a random interference pattern that is formed upon mutual interference of coherent waves having random phase shifts and / or a random set of intensities. In this picture, as a rule, one can clearly observe light spots, specks (they are called speckles), which are separated by dark areas of the image.

The concept of "coherent radiation" does not mean the use of laser radiation only. In some cases, such radiation is realized with conventional light sources of a wide spectral range with an extended luminosity body emitting partially coherent light with a short temporal coherence length and a small spatial coherence region. Therefore, speckle structures are observed not only in the light of laser radiation. On (Fig. 1a, b) fragments of speckle structures are shown in the light of laser λ = 658 nm (Fig. 1a) and LED radiation (Fig. 1b) with a wavelength of λ = 680 nm modulated PM.

As can be seen from FIG. 1a, b, LED radiation gives worse visibility (contrast) than laser radiation due to the shorter length and volume of coherence of LED radiation. Nevertheless, the illumination of plants by such radiation during the growing season leads to a more significant effect.

The speckle field, forming a microinhomogeneous structure with certain characteristics on the irradiated surface, is the most biologically active, which allows to achieve a more significant effect when illuminating vegetating plants. Therefore, by forming electromagnetic fields with spatiotemporal characteristics (speckle structures) close to the irradiated biosystem, one can obtain a more significant effect during plant vegetation. To form such an electromagnetic field, a spatial modulator is used.

A spatial modulator (PM) is a multilayer structure with a randomly inhomogeneous medium enclosed between two transparent plates. As a component of the spatial modulator, a biologically active additive (BAA) Chawanprash was used.

Lighting with a source located above the plants is carried out by two phyto-LED matrices of a full spectrum (30 W each) of the 30WF-GL type, observing the following parameters:

- the chip size is 52 × 56 mm, the emitted spectrum is 380-840 nm, the dispersion angle is 140 °, the supply voltage is 30-36V, the current is 900-1A, the service life is ≥50000 hours, weight is 8 grams.

In FIG. 2 shows the spectral characteristic of the phyto-LED matrix of the full spectrum.

Illumination of the lower and lateral parts of plants is carried out by three phyto-LED matrices of the full spectrum (1 W each) of the type 1W Full Spectrum in compliance with the following parameters:

- chip size: 28 × 28 mm, emitted spectrum 400-840 nm, dispersion angle 120 °, supply voltage 3.0-3.4V, working current: 700 mA, operating life 100000 hours, weight 6 grams.

In FIG. 3 shows a modulated LED phyto-illuminator of plants, consisting of a housing - 1 with a landing surface - 2, on the surface of which seven pots of plants are placed - 3, three phyto-LED matrices - 4 for lighting the bottom and side of vegetative plants and placed in the housing 1 of the lighting control controller - 5 and three drivers - 6 for connecting phyto-LED arrays 4, guide rod - 7 and a movable rod - 8 for changing the height of the suspension of the ceiling - 9 with two phyto-LED arrays located in it - 10, replennyh radiator - 11 with coolers for cooling - 12, two drivers - 13 and two spatial modulators - 14.

The LED modulated phyto-illuminator of plants works as follows: a programmable controller provides a given mode of pulsed switching on of the phyto-LED matrix by adjusting the exposure time and duration of dark pauses and adjusting the radiation flux density by the time of day “morning”, “day”, “evening”.

Initially, the upper phyto-LED arrays without PM are turned on. With the advent of apexes, PM is installed under phyto-LED arrays. With further growth, the appearance of the first two leaves connects the lower phyto-LED matrices, the angle of which can be changed with the growth of plants.

The total radiation flux acting on the plants induces photoreactions in them that form the process of photosynthesis; an anabolic process is underway leading to the growth of plants with the release of oxygen. During dark pauses, biological relaxation of the plant takes place with the release of carbon dioxide.

LED modulated phyto-illuminator accelerates the development of plants at the initial stages of vegetation and, as a result, at later stages of growth, which ensures obtaining significantly higher yields in a shorter time.

Claims (1)

Modular LED phyto-illuminator of plants containing radiation sources, a control controller, a power source, characterized in that the radiation sources are based on full spectrum phyto-LED arrays operating in a pulsed mode, a source located on top consisting of two phyto-LED arrays connected to the controller via a driver made with the possibility of changing the height of illumination of plants, and its radiation is additionally modulated by a spatial modulator, a second source, co consisting of three phyto-LED arrays connected to the controller via a driver, designed for additional illumination of the lower and lateral parts of plants, made with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination, and the automatic control of the radiation flux density by time of day has been introduced into the control controller: “morning”, “day” , "Evening" and automatic adjustment of the pulsed inclusion of light sources with adjustable exposure time and duration of dark pauses depending on the type of plant.

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