RU2634890C1 - Two-position electrothermomechanical locking carabiner for parachutes with adjustable descent resistance - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.

SUBSTANCE: two-position electrothermomechanical locking carabiner for parachutes with adjustable descent resistance contains mutually rotating elements. According to the invention it includes a shaft to which a bottom lever is fixed via a splined or movable key joint by means of an electrothermomechanical lock. The middle lever is secured in the middle of it on a thrust bearing. And the upper lever is fixed to the top of it on a thrust bearing by means of an electrothermomechanical lock. Wherein the upper and middle levers are connected through a splined or movable key joint and in both cases the electrothermomechanical lock is a split cylindrical bushing entering the shaft groove and wound by a wire which is attached to a segment of the split bushing, using one or two loops of nichrome wire, to which managed electrical voltage is supplied.

EFFECT: reliability increase.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to rotating carabiners and emergency disconnecting devices that open tensioned cables, ropes, rods, halyards, slings, etc. The carbine is designed primarily to separate the corrugation files of adjustable parachutes, including rotary ones.

Known carabiners that allow you to connect and disconnect two parts of the rod or cable, working in tension, see, for example, US Pat. No. RU 2535499 or RU 2363156. They usually consist of two parts, which are opened by engagement of two parts, or in another way. Their disadvantage is a rather large percentage of the breaking control effort from the tensile force.

In addition, they do not allow you to control an adjustable parachute by partially releasing the halyard or parachute control lines.

The objective and technical result of the invention is to reduce the control effort and obtain new functionality.

This carabiner contains a shaft, to which a lower bracket is attached using a thermo-mechanical lock from below with a spline or movable key connection, to which a middle bracket is mounted in the middle on the thrust bearing and to which is fastened with a thermo-mechanical lock on top of the thrust bearing the upper bracket, the upper and middle brackets connected by a spline or movable keyed connection, and the electro-thermo-mechanical lock in both cases is a split cylindrical sleeve that enters the groove a and entwined wire, which is attached to the sector (preferably - to the same) of the split sleeve by one or two loops of the nichrome wire, to which can be controllably is supplied with electric voltage.

To reduce the electrical voltage and current consumed for control, nichrome loops can be connected to the wire through sections of the synthetic cord.

In order for the carbine to work reliably, the conical or wedge-shaped surface of the shaft groove facing the end of the split sleeve has a conicity or wedge-shaped with respect to the inner surface of the sleeve with an angle of taper or wedge-shaped relative to the longitudinal axis greater than the angle of self-braking. This is necessary so that in the absence of a holding force on the split sleeve, its sectors strive to expand and free.

The wire used to tighten the split sleeves must have sufficient elasticity, in particular, when released, increase the diameter of the winding not less than twice the depth of the grooves on the shaft.

For the passage of electric wires, the lower bracket and shaft have an opening on the axis of the carabiner.

When disconnecting, the sectors of the split bushings and the upper part of the upper thrust bearing may be lost. For reuse, these parts can be replaced.

In FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of this embodiment of a carbine. In FIG. 2 is a side view.

The carbine consists of a shaft 1, to which a lower thrust sleeve 2 is attached to the bottom by a spline or movable key connection (so as not to rotate), to which a lower bracket 3 is attached by a threaded connection. The sleeve 2 is fixed to the shaft 1 using a lower electro-thermo-mechanical lock, which is a split sleeve 4, the internal surfaces of the sectors of which are included in the grooves of the shaft 1. Sectors (two or more) are tightly entwined on the outside with a sufficiently thin and sufficiently elastic wire 5, the ends of which are attached to one of the nichrome sectors loops (not shown due to the small size) to which the electric wires are connected (one to each loop, the second pole is the mass).

To reduce the supply voltage, nichrome loops can be connected to the wire by nodes made of synthetic cord (it loses its strength faster when heated than nichrome).

In the middle part, the middle bracket 7 is rotatably mounted to the shaft 1 with the help of the thrust bearing 6 and rotated to the bracket 7 by means of a spline or movable key connection, in this case with the help of cylindrical keys 8, the upper thrust sleeve 9 is fixed through the upper thermo-mechanical lock 4, 5 (the same design as the lower one) and through the upper thrust bearing 10 on the shaft 1. To the upper thrust sleeve 9 threaded fastens the upper bracket 11.

The carabiner works as follows: a descent object is tied to the lower bracket 3, the main slings and adjusting halyards or slings are tied to the middle bracket 7, and the latter, having made a loop, are also tied to the upper bracket 11. If necessary, disconnect the adjusting halyards or slings supply voltage to the upper electric thermo-mechanical lock 4, 5, nichrome loops burn out, and the wire 5 straightens sharply, significantly increasing the diameter of the winding on the sectors of the split sleeve 4. Sectors 4 come out of the groove of the shaft 1 and stop holding the upper the shaft of the upper thrust bearing 10. The upper bracket 11 together with the upper thrust sleeve 9 and the bearing 10 are separated due to the tension of the adjusting halyards or slings. The latter lengthen due to the release of loops, and the adjustment of the parachute changes.

EXAMPLE 1. Suppose a descent object with an adjustable parachute flies in the atmosphere at too high a speed, which does not allow, for reasons of strength, the complete opening of the dome. Then the dome opens at first partially, in a riffled state, since the adjusting halyards are tied to the upper bracket 11. After a sufficient decrease in speed, the upper electro-thermo-mechanical lock 4, 5 is opened and the adjusting halyards are lengthened, providing full opening of the canopy of the parachute.

EXAMPLE 2. Let's say a descent object with a rotary parachute flies in the atmosphere at too high a speed that does not allow, for reasons of strength, opening the blades of the dome at an optimal angle of attack. Then, at first, it is opened at a large angle of attack, which provides low aerodynamic drag of the descent, for which slings are tied from the front edges of the parachute blades through the upper bracket 11. After a sufficient decrease in speed, the upper electro-thermo-mechanical lock 4, 5 is opened, and the front slings are lengthened, providing the transition of the parachute blades to a lower optimal angle of attack.

EXAMPLE 3. Let's say a descent object with a rotary parachute flies in the atmosphere at an optimal speed, with the opening of the blades of the dome at an optimal angle of attack. Before the ground itself, the upper electro-thermo-mechanical lock 4, 5 is opened and the front slings are lengthened. For a short time, the descent resistance increases slightly, which ensures that the surface of the earth touches at a lower speed.

So that after landing, the descent object is not dragged by the wind, the lower electro-thermo-mechanical lock can be opened, and the parachute will detach.

Claims (4)

1. A two-position electro-thermo-mechanical locking carabiner for parachutes with adjustable descent resistance, containing mutually rotating elements and characterized in that it contains a shaft to which a lower bracket is attached using an electro-thermo-mechanical lock from below with a spline or movable key connection, to to which the middle bracket is mounted in the middle on the thrust bearing and to which the upper bracket is mounted on top of the thrust bearing by means of an electro-thermo-mechanical lock, the upper and middle brackets being connected a slotted or movable keyed connection, and in both cases the electro-thermo-mechanical lock is a split cylindrical sleeve that enters the shaft groove and is entwined with wire, which is attached to the split sleeve sector with one or two nichrome wire loops, which can be controlled summed up electrical voltage. 2. A carbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the nichrome loops can be connected to the wire through sections of a synthetic cord. 3. A carabiner according to claim 1, characterized in that the conical or wedge-shaped surface of the shaft groove facing the end of the split sleeve has a taper or wedge shape with respect to the longitudinal axis of the sleeve with a taper or wedge angle greater than the self-braking angle. 4. The carbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the wire must have sufficient elasticity, in particular, upon release, it must increase the diameter of the winding not less than twice the depth of the grooves on the shaft.

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