RU2634766C1 - Multi-function hydromechanical perforator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine engineering.

SUBSTANCE: perforator comprises a body and a working unit arranged therein with a mechanism of its initiation, it additionally contains a distributing unit for controlling the flow of working fluid providing controlled delivery of fluid to the working unit of the perforator or into the lower part of the perforator bypassing the working unit.

EFFECT: performing in a well one pulling and running operation in conjunction with perforation of other technological operations, implementation of which together with perforation requires feeding of working fluid under the perforator to the equipment located in arrangement below the perforator, or into the annular space.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of drilling and operation of wells and can be used in the construction and repair of wells for various purposes, in particular wells designed for oil and gas production.

Known devices for conducting a secondary opening of productive formations by hydromechanical perforation (RU 2249678 C2, IPC 7 ЕВВ 43/112, 04/10/2005, RU 2371569 С1, IPC Е21В 43/112, 10/27/2009, RU 2365743 С1, IPC Е21В 43/112, 08/27/2009, RU 2490434 C2, IPC Е21В 43/112, 08/20/2013, RU 60132 U1, IPC Е21В 43/114, 01/10/2007, RU 2043486 С1, IPC Е21В 43/114, 09/10/1995, RU 2070959 С1, IPC Е21В 43/11, 12/27/1996).

Well configurations are also known that allow simultaneous punching to carry out some additional technological operations, for example, exposure to a jet pump (RU 92466 U1, IPC ЕВВ 43/25, 03/20/2010, RU 102676 U1, IPC Е21В 43/25, 03/10/2011).

The use of downhole configurations can achieve significant time savings by reducing the number of tripping operations required for downhole operations. Thanks to the borehole layouts, several types of technological operations in the well can be carried out in a single descent-lifting of the tubing string.

However, in known arrangements including a perforator, additional technological operations are performed on the perforator, and equipment for their implementation is located on the tubing string above the perforator.

At the same time, there are a number of technological downhole operations, the implementation of which, together with the perforation, requires the supply of working fluid under the perforator (below the perforator), for example: preparing a well for perforation (cleaning and normalizing the bottom, working out the perforation interval with a riber or other milling tool, patterning the well) , preparing a well for hydraulic fracturing (Fracturing), preparing an interval for a packer landing, landing a hydraulic packer-retainer, in particular with conduct repair and insulation works (RIR) holding a vibro-pulse processing bottomhole formation zone (PPP) and the creation of flow of the working fluid pressure via vibro-wave devices, and holding vibrating pulse treatment together with an acid treatment and others.

Existing designs of hydromechanical perforators do not allow to combine perforation with the indicated types of technological operations, which negatively affects the speed of work in the wells. So, each additional round-trip operation necessary for carrying out a certain separate type of technological work takes about a day in time. Therefore, today it is urgent to develop multifunctional devices and layouts that allow for one tripping operation to produce the maximum possible technological work.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a multifunctional device - a hydromechanical perforator, which, together with perforation, perform one or more additional technological downhole operations that require the supply of working fluid to the process equipment mounted below the punch on the tubing string, or the supply of working fluid through the bottom of the tubing into the annulus (direct flushing the well).

The hydromechanical perforators are unknown in the prior art, allowing to solve this technical problem, which allows us to conclude that the invention meets the patentability conditions of “novelty” and “inventive step”.

As a prototype of the invention, many of the well-known hydromechanical perforators can be taken, for example, the perforator according to the invention patent RU 2490434 C2, IPC EV 43/112, 08/20/2013. This is a hydromechanical slotted puncher containing a housing, a pusher-piston located in it and a cutting unit located below the piston, including retractable cutting tools with a mechanism for their extension in the form of a two-shouldered lever (rocker arm), in the shoulders of which are placed cutting tools, as well as a deflecting wedge installed under the beam, despite the fact that the beam is mounted on a movable axis with the possibility of rotation when its lower arm interacts with the deflecting wedge when moving down the piston-pusher, while The push rod is made in the form of a wedge-piston with the possibility of its impact on the upper shoulder of the two shoulders of the lever that extends the upper cutting tool, and thereby create a wedge-piston and a deflecting wedge of opposing forces acting simultaneously on the upper and lower arms of the rocker arm.

The prototype device effectively opens the production casing, however, its design does not allow its use in the arrangement with downhole equipment mounted below on the tubing string and requiring the supply of working fluid under the perforator for operation.

The technical result achieved by the invention consists in a significant reduction in the time spent on technological work in the well, namely, in the well during one round trip along with perforation of other technological work, including work, the implementation of which, together with perforation, requires the supply of working fluid under the perforator (in particular, equipment located in the layout below the punch).

The specified technical result is achieved by supplying a hydromechanical perforator with a distribution unit for controlling the flow of the working fluid, which provides the possibility of controlled alternate fluid supply to the working site of the punch or to the bottom of the punch, bypassing the working site. With the passage of fluid into the lower part of the perforator, it can subsequently pass through the perforator to other technological equipment installed below the perforator, or through the bottom of the tubing to the annulus (direct flushing of the well).

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the distribution unit includes hydrochannels made in the perforator body and bushings with seats for a ball mounted sequentially in the upper part of the perforator body along its axis with the possibility of moving and opening and / or overlapping said hydrochannels.

In FIG. 1-4 presents the proposed device in one of the possible options for its implementation (hydromechanical slotted punch):

FIG. 1 is a general view of the perforator in the arrangement with the technological equipment (riber) located below the perforator on the tubing string;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the distribution unit, the flow of the working fluid is directed, bypassing the working unit of the perforator, to the technological equipment located below the perforator or to the annulus;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the distribution unit during perforation, the flow of the working fluid is directed to the working unit of the perforator;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the distribution unit after perforation, the flow of the working fluid is again directed, bypassing the working unit of the perforator, to technological equipment located below the perforator or to the annulus;

The hydromechanical drill includes a housing 1 and a working unit 2 located therein with a mechanism for its initiation. The perforator further comprises a distribution unit 3 for controlling the flow of the working fluid, providing the possibility of an adjustable supply of fluid to the working unit 2 of the perforator, or below the perforator, for example, to other processing equipment installed on the tubing string below the perforator. The distribution unit 3 includes hydrochannels 4, made in the housing 1 of the perforator and bushings 5 with saddles 6 under the ball, mounted sequentially in the upper part of the housing 1 of the perforator along its axis, with the ability to move and open and / or overlap these hydrochannels 4.

The device operates as follows (implementation example).

A hydromechanical hammer drill is lowered into the well on the tubing string as part of the layout. Supply the working fluid through the distribution unit 3 of the punch to the processing equipment (Fig. 2), perform the necessary technological work in the well, then by dropping the ball, move the sleeve 5 of the distribution unit 3 down, opening the channel 4 for supplying the working fluid to the working unit 2 of the punch (Fig. 2) . 3), the working fluid is fed through the distribution unit 3 to the working unit 2 of the perforator, perforation is carried out according to the technology used, then by dropping the second ball the second second section 5 of the distribution unit 3, reopening the channel 4 for supplying the working fluid to the processing equipment below the punch (Fig. 4), feed the working fluid through the distribution unit of the punch repeatedly to the processing equipment. Upon completion of all planned technological work, the entire layout is raised to the surface.

Claims (2)

1. Hydromechanical puncher for opening the production casing, comprising a housing and a working unit located therein with a mechanism for initiating it, characterized in that it further comprises a distribution unit for controlling the flow of the working fluid, providing the possibility of controlled fluid supply to the working site of the puncher or to the bottom punch, bypassing the working unit. 2. A perforator according to claim 1, characterized in that the distribution unit includes hydrochannels made in the perforator body and bushings with seats for a ball mounted sequentially in the upper part of the perforator body along its axis with the possibility of moving and opening and / or closing said hydrochannels .

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