RU2634591C2 - Method for manufacturing battery of lead-acid system with surface electrodes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: in the battery manufacturing method, the active mass of positive and negative electrodes is formed electrochemically based on current taps made of lead of CO or C1 grade and doped with tellurium in proportion of 0.05% by lead weight.

EFFECT: increased service life of the battery due to utilisation of electrodes with increased specific energy characteristics, corrosion resistance and mechanical strength.

1 ex

Description

The invention relates to chemical current sources and can be used in the production of lead-acid batteries for various purposes: traction, stationary, starter. The invention can be used in automobile, railway, water transport, electrical substations as backup current sources, etc.

The main disadvantages of lead-acid batteries manufactured by the classical plaster technology are their low specific energy characteristics and a small resource, which is determined, as a rule, by a positive electrode, which is more exposed to electrochemical corrosion.

A known method of manufacturing lead-acid batteries with positive surface electrodes (such as Plante), including increasing the active mass on the basis of the collector galvanically.

The disadvantage of such electrodes is the small thickness of the active mass (0.1-0.2) mm and the excess laying of lead, which does not allow to obtain batteries with high specific energy characteristics. Moreover, the negative electrode is smeared, which, in General, requires the use of two different technologies. The objective of the invention is the creation of a new type of lead-acid battery manufactured using surface electrode technology, which allows to increase the life by 10-12 times, 15-20% specific energy characteristics of the battery, reduce lead costs and eliminate harmful processes from the technological cycle.

The essence of the invention is to improve the resource and energy characteristics of lead-acid batteries and the environmental condition of the production environment by using electrodes made using a new technology that eliminates harmful processes from the classical technology process cycle: grinding of lead, its oxidation, preparation of lead paste on Sulfuric acid based plastering and drying plates. For the manufacture of down conductors using the new technology, high-purity lead is used, containing a minimum amount of impurities of other metals: silver, copper, zinc, bismuth, arsenic, tin, antimony, iron and others, which worsen the electrical properties of the electrodes, leading to an increase in the internal resistance of the battery, accelerating the process his self-discharge.

Technical and economic efficiency from the introduction of new surface electrode technology in the production of lead-acid system batteries will consist of the following factors:

- reduction of the manufacturing cycle by 30-50%;

- increase the battery life by 10-12 times;

- simplification of the creation of a battery in a sealed version (maintenance-free);

- The solution of environmental problems in the production of lead-acid batteries.

Execution example

For the manufacture of the battery, positive and negative surface electrodes are used, made by electrochemical method from lead grade C0 or C1.

To do this, a current tap doped with tellurium in a proportion of 0.05% by weight is placed in a shell, after which it is subjected to electrochemical treatment (formation) as a positive electrode in order to obtain an active mass in a solution of sulfuric acid (density 1.08 g / cm ² ) with additives compounds of perchloric 12 g / l and nitric 1.5 g / l acids, the current density of the formation of 0.02 A / cm ^{2 the} total area of the plate on both sides. The electrochemical treatment time is 18 hours at a temperature of 25 ° C. The value of the active mass of the electrode is brought to a value that ensures obtaining the nominal capacity of the battery by adjusting the process time. To obtain a negative electrode, the formed positive electrode is immersed in an electrolyzer with a solution of H ₂ SO ₄ , density 1.08 g / cm ³ and incubated for 30 minutes , then the electrode is connected with a polarity reversal to a direct current source and formed for 10 hours at a temperature of 25 ° C to a potential of minus 0.2 volts relative to the cadmium reference electrode. A lead plate is used as an auxiliary positive electrode. After washing in distilled water for 15 minutes and drying in a thermostat for 30 minutes at a temperature of + 80 ° C, the electrode is impregnated in a solution of barium with a concentration of 50-60 g / l for 15 minutes. After that, the electrode is dried without washing for 30 minutes at a temperature of + 80 ° C and served in a warehouse or assembly.

At the same time, semi-blocks of negative and positive electrodes are first collected, then the borons are welded to them. The assembled half blocks arrive at the finish assembly, where they are placed in the tank, to which the lid is welded and the borons are sealed.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing a lead-acid system battery with surface electrodes, in which the active mass of the positive and negative electrodes is formed by the electrochemical method, wherein the collector base is made of lead sheet of grade C0 or C1, characterized in that the surface type positive and negative electrodes are used in the manufacture of the battery, made by the electrochemical method, and the tellurium alloying element is introduced into the base of the collector in the proportion of 0.05% by weight of lead.