RU2634007C1 - Device for volumetric batching granular materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: device contains a measuring chamber located under the hopper, equipped with an upper and a lower slide gate, a charging hole, and an outlet nozzle. The measuring chamber is made by the hollow cylinders inserted one into the other with the formation of an annular channel. Around the measuring chamber, there is a sealed air-compensating chamber, which is designed to change the volume, equipped with a volume change mechanism and aspiration nozzles. The cavity of the air-compensating chamber is communicated with the cavity of the measuring chamber by means of the annular channel.

EFFECT: reducing the dust formation and increasing the reliability.

8 cl, 6 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a device for the packaging of measured doses of bulk materials prone to dust formation, and can be used in the construction, chemical, food and other industries.

State of the art

The prior art device for filling containers with bulk material (see ed. St. SU 1511171, IPC: B65B 1/28, publ. 09/30/1989), including a hopper and an associated filling tube with a shutter. To remove dusty air, the device is equipped with a camera mounted coaxially to the filling pipe and having a perforated wall on the outlet side of the filling pipe. The excess air generated during filling of the tank enters the chamber through a perforated wall, on which dust and air particles are separated. The cleaned air stream enters the suction system through the nozzle.

A disadvantage of the known device is the clogging of the material of the perforation of the cleaning chamber, leading to a quick failure of the equipment.

A device for volumetric dosing of bulk materials (see ed. St. SU 1759733, IPC: B65V 3/00, publ. 07/07/1999), containing a loading hopper, a measuring tank located underneath, a device for cutting off the dose and a vacuum system. A perforated cylinder is coaxially installed inside the measuring container, on the inner surface of which a filter is fixed. Before feeding the powdery substance, the measuring tank is evacuated through a perforated side surface and a filter. After issuing a measured dose of material, the vacuum is stopped, while the filter is shaken, freeing from the adhering substance.

The device allows you to measure the exact dose of a substance of uniform density, however, the filter gradually becomes clogged with the material during operation and eventually becomes unusable.

As the closest analogue to the claimed device, by the presence of similar structural features, a device for volumetric batch dosing (see patent RU 2215268, IPC: G01F 11/28, publ. 10/27/2003) containing a measuring chamber with an upper feed hole material and a lower outlet for material outlet, overlapping devices in the form of dampers and an exhaust ventilation device with a dust filter. The measuring chamber consists of two telescopically inserted into each other with the possibility of height adjustment of the hollow cylinders.

The disadvantage of this device is the inability to eliminate dust during operation. Material when opening the upper flap, falling down, displaces air from the chamber. Material backfill and air displacement occur quickly and simultaneously. The displaced air with a suspension of material has nowhere to go, excessive pressure appears in the chamber and the air begins to exit at a high speed into the premises of the filling shop through any available slots, entraining particles of the material to be filled up.

In addition, due to the abrupt release of a large volume of dusty air, the suction system connected to the exhaust ventilation device cannot cope with the load. There is a need to install equipment of greater power, which most of the time idles. This leads to unnecessarily increased power consumption of the device.

Disclosure of invention

The claimed invention solves the problem of reducing dust formation, reducing energy consumption and increasing the operational reliability of the device with volumetric dosing of bulk materials.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the device for volumetric dosing of bulk materials containing a measuring chamber located under the loading hopper, made hollow cylinders inserted one into the other with the formation of an annular channel, equipped with upper and lower slide gates, a loading hole and an outlet pipe, according to the claimed invention, around the measuring chamber is a sealed pneumatic compensating chamber made with the possibility of changing the volume, the cavity of which is communicated and with the cavity of the measuring chamber by means of an annular channel, equipped with a mechanism for changing the volume and at least one suction pipe.

The main purpose of the pneumatic compensating chamber is to capture a large volume of dusty air displaced from the measuring chamber and gradually transfer it to the aspiration system.

In the proposed device using a pneumatic compensating chamber, the air is removed from the measuring chamber simultaneously with the filling of the material, which eliminates the excessive pressure of the suspension in the measuring chamber and, as a result, prevents the leakage of contaminated suspension through the slots of the slide gate valves into the workshop room.

Due to a sharp increase in its volume, a vacuum is created in the cavity of the pneumatic compensating chamber, and an excess of pressure is created in the measuring chamber due to the filling of the material. Air from the metering chamber rushes through the annular channel into the increasing cavity of the pneumatic compensating chamber, and then, with slow compression of the pneumatic compensating chamber, gradually enters the aspiration system.

Thus, the pneumatic compensating chamber allows the suction system to cope with discrete emissions of large volumes of dusty air and prevent dust from entering the environment.

In the particular case of the execution of the claimed device, the pneumatic compensating chamber includes a fixed upper cover mounted on the upper cylinder of the measuring chamber, a bottom made of elastic material of the outer and inner walls, the inner wall being attached at one end to the bottom and the other to the lower cylinder of the measuring chamber.

Preferably, the outer wall of the pneumatic compensating chamber is corrugated, which is aimed at increasing its service life and increasing the reliability of the device.

In the specific case of the invention, the mechanism for changing the volume of the pneumatic compensating chamber is made in the form of at least two pneumatic cylinders mounted on the top cover connected by rods to the bottom. The presence of two pneumatic cylinders prevents distortion of the pneumatic compensating chamber and increases the operational reliability of the device.

To prevent air from being drawn into the cavity of the pneumatic compensating chamber when it is opened, the suction pipe is equipped with a valve.

It is advisable to equip the device with a mechanism for changing the volume of the measuring chamber, made in the form of at least two adjustable screw-nut rods, one end connected to the upper cylinder, the other to the lower cylinder of the measuring chamber, which allows you to change the dosing volume of the packaged material. The presence of two adjustable rods ensures the immobility of the upper and lower cylinders relative to each other during operation and prevents them from skewing, thereby ensuring a uniform bore of the annular channel.

In order to reduce the response time, the slide gate valves are made in two parts with a connector in the middle. Wedge-shaped oncoming edges that come one on top of another when the shutters are in a closed position exclude spontaneous outflow of material.

To ensure the smooth operation of the device, the loading hopper is equipped with a material level sensor.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

in FIG. 1 - the claimed device, General view;

in FIG. 2 - the claimed device, a longitudinal section, a pneumatic compensating chamber is disclosed;

in FIG. 3 - section A - A in FIG. 1, the pneumatic compensating chamber is folded;

in FIG. 4 - section B - B in FIG. 2, the slide gate open;

in FIG. 5 - slide gate, cross section;

in FIG. 6 is a view B in FIG. 2.

The implementation of the invention

The device for volumetric dosing of bulk materials contains located under the feed hopper 1 measuring chamber 2, equipped with upper 3 and lower 4 slide gates, loading hole 5 and the outlet pipe 6. Measuring chamber 2 is made inserted one into another with the formation of an annular channel 7 hollow cylinders 8 and 9.

Around the metering chamber 2 is a sealed pneumatic compensating chamber 10, configured to change volume, equipped with a mechanism for changing the volume and suction nozzles 11, equipped with valves 12. The cavity of the pneumatic compensating chamber 10 is in communication with the cavity of the measuring chamber 2 through an annular channel 7.

The pneumatic compensation chamber 10 includes a fixed upper cover 13 mounted on the upper cylinder 8 of the measuring chamber 2, the bottom 14, the outer 15 and the inner 16 of the wall. The outer wall 15 is made corrugated. The inner wall 16 is made of elastic material and is attached at one end to the bottom 14, and the other to the lower cylinder 9 of the measuring chamber 2.

The mechanism for changing the volume of the pneumatic compensating chamber 10 is made in the form of two pneumatic cylinders 17 mounted on the top cover 13, connected by rods to a movable bottom 14.

The device is equipped with a mechanism for changing the volume of the measuring chamber 2, made in the form of two adjustable rods 18 screw-nut, one end connected to the upper cylinder 8, the other to the lower cylinder 9 of the measuring chamber 2.

Each slide gate 3 and 4 is made in the form of two parts with a connector in the middle, with wedge-shaped oncoming edges coming into one another when the shutters are closed. The gate valves are controlled by pneumatic cylinders 19. The feed hopper 1 is equipped with a material level sensor 20.

The device operates as follows.

In the initial position, both slide gate valves 3 and 4 are closed, the pneumatic compensation chamber 10 is compressed. At the time of filling the material into the measuring chamber 2, the upper slide gate 3 is opened, opening the loading hole 5, at the same time the pneumatic cylinders 17 are activated and the pneumatic compensating chamber 10 opens. The material fills the metering chamber 2 and the air displaced from its cavity rushes through the annular channel 7 into the evacuated pneumatic compensating chamber 10. After measuring the predetermined dose, the upper shutter 3 closes. Then the pneumatic compensation chamber 10 begins to gradually compress, displacing dusty air through the suction nozzles 11 into the suction system. The lower slide gate 4 opens, and a measured dose of material is discharged into the filling tank through the outlet pipe 6. To change the volume of the measuring chamber 2, the adjustable rods 18 are tightened, changing the position of the upper 8 and lower 9 cylinders relative to each other.

Thanks to the claimed invention, it was possible to exclude dust formation during bulk dosing of bulk materials, reduce energy consumption and increase the efficiency and reliability of the device.

Claims (8)

1. A device for volumetric dosing of bulk materials containing a measuring chamber located under the loading hopper, made hollow cylinders inserted one into the other with the formation of an annular channel, equipped with upper and lower slide gates, a loading hole and an outlet pipe, characterized in that it is located around the measuring chamber a sealed pneumatic compensating chamber, configured to change the volume, the cavity of which is in communication with the cavity of the measuring chamber by means of an annular channel, is provided It should be noted that it has a volume change mechanism and at least one suction pipe. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the pneumatic compensating chamber includes a fixed upper cover mounted on the upper cylinder of the measuring chamber, a bottom made of elastic material of the outer and inner walls, the inner wall being attached at one end to the bottom and the other to lower cylinder of the measuring chamber. 3. The device according to p. 2, characterized in that the outer wall of the pneumatic compensating chamber is corrugated. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism for changing the volume of the pneumatic compensating chamber is made in the form of at least two pneumatic cylinders mounted on the top cover connected by rods to the bottom. 5. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the suction pipe is equipped with a valve. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a mechanism for changing the volume of the measuring chamber, made in the form of at least two adjustable tie rods screw-nut, one end connected to the upper cylinder, the other to the lower cylinder of the measuring chamber. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the slide gates are made in the form of two parts with a connector in the middle, with wedge-shaped oncoming edges coming into one another when the shutters are closed. 8. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the feed hopper is equipped with a material level sensor.

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