RU2632349C1 - Drainage device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: device has upper and lower chambers with a detachable joint. An opening in end of the upper chamber cover is closed by a divider on supports. In the wall of the upper chamber there is an opening of the side outlet. A float in cavity of the upper chamber is connected by rod through throttle partition with a valve unit located in the lower chamber. The lower tip of the rod is equipped with a double valve, the small valve is inside the large one, at that the small valve is made in the form of a hollow cylinder with through holes in the walls configured for moving along the walls inside the large valve with one degree of freedom along the common vertical axis. A discharge bushing is installed in the lower end cover. The saddle is rigidly mounted in the central hole of the bushing; a cage with holes in cylindrical wall is installed on end surface of the discharge bushing along outer diameter. The upper end edge of the cage is connected to the throttle partition.

EFFECT: improved safety.

4 cl, 12 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the oil industry, in particular to devices for drainage, and can be used for drainage of fluid from wells with an underground method of oil production.

The inventive device is installed directly on the wellhead and automates the process of lowering the fluid from the wells without emitting harmful vapors and gases into the atmosphere where people can be. The inventive device eliminates the release of steam and associated gases into the mine atmosphere during the operation of underground wells.The main purpose of the device is to automate the process of operating wells without the presence of people, without the release of steam and gases from the well, which improves safety during this technological operation.

Currently, well drainage is carried out with such a frequency that technical and technological capabilities allow for this operation. However, when using the inventive device, such a thing as the frequency of drainage will simply go away as unnecessary, because this process will be automatic and continuous throughout the entire well operating time.

With the current state of the art, two types of devices are most often used for draining fluid from wells in an underground oil production method: a float valve with an overhead compensator with a vertical float and a lever float valve with a horizontal float.

The well-known float valve with a top-position compensator with a vertical float (Fig. 11) is equipped with a top-position compensator 37 without smooth adjustment of the liquid, consists of a body 37, a valve 35, guides 32, a piston compensator 29, 30, 37 of the rod 36. The fluid enters through the sleeve 31, the drain through the valve 35. A disadvantage of the known design is low reliability due to the ingress of abrasive on the working surface of the sleeve 37, which leads to jamming of the piston 30. Also, an important disadvantage is that it is known designs have smooth adjustment of the fluid outlet, whereby leakage occurs and vapor free gas together with the liquid, which increases the risk of fire, which is particularly important in underground mining process oil.

The well-known lever float valve with a horizontal float (Fig. 12) consists of a housing 46, a float 38, a link 39, two bi-directional valves 40, 41. The fluid enters through the connecting flange (45), and exits through the bi-directional valves 40, 41. One float the end is fixed on the wings 39, which is fixed with a degree of freedom on the support 44, two rods 42, 43 controlling the operation of the valves 40, 41 are also attached to the wings. The disadvantages of the known design are sand clogging (sanding) of a large part of the body, which reduces Static preparation course of the float 38, whereby the valves 40, 41 are not fully closed and leak free steam and gases. Also the disadvantage is the large overall dimensions of the device, complicating its installation.

The main disadvantage of the above-mentioned known drainage devices is the inability to smoothly adjust the fluid output, which leads to the leakage of vapors and associated gases that increase the fire hazard, creating the need for manual control of the drainage process.

The disadvantages of the known devices eliminates the claimed technical solution.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and durability of the drainage device, as well as to increase the safety of its use by eliminating the leakage of vapors and associated gases during operation of the device, by continuously adjusting the fluid output.

The technical task is to achieve smooth adjustment of the fluid output during drainage, which will eliminate the leakage of steam and associated gases with the fluid and will automate the process, making it continuous.

The specified technical problem is solved due to the design of the drainage device, by dividing the working area of the device into two chambers and due to the smooth adjustment of the fluid output from the valve assembly using two small and large valves in a wide range due to the throttling valve. The inventive design consists of two cylindrical chambers with different diameters, separated by a throttle partition with several holes. The working chambers are mounted to each other using a flange connection. The upper chamber is horizontally divided into two parts, interconnected by flanges on a bolted connection. The upper chamber is hermetically sealed, for example by welding, with a lid in the form of a round plate and has a central hole with a threaded connection (upper branch). A divider on four supports is welded from the inside of the chamber opposite the hole. In the side wall of the upper chamber housing below the level of the divider, a small-diameter pipe with a thread (side tap) is welded onto which a valve (ball valve) can be installed. In the working area of the upper chamber, a self-regulating control element (float) is installed, connected by a rod through the throttle baffle through a sleeve with a valve assembly. The working area of the lower chamber contains a valve assembly located inside the sleeve. The valve assembly contains two valves of different diameters; the small one is located inside the large one with the possibility of moving along the walls of the large valve with one degree of freedom along the vertical axis. The lower small valve is made in the form of a hollow cylinder with through longitudinal slotted walls and a thickening around the end hole - the so-called “skirt” of the valve. The sleeve, made in the form of a hollow cylinder with holes, is located in the center of the working area of the lower chamber. A discharge (drainage) sleeve with a saddle pressed into it is screwed into the lower part of the sleeve. The discharge plug with a saddle through the opening of the lower cover is hermetically mounted (for example, by welding) with the walls of the housing of the lower chamber and fixed with a fastener (nut).

Drainage using the inventive device is as follows. Through the upper outlet, the liquid enters the divider, filtering large mechanical impurities, then, passing through the upper chamber, where the float is located, it flows through the throttle baffle and enters the lower chamber, where the float rises upward at a high level of liquid in the upper chamber (upper position) and with the help of the stem, at first the small valve opens, and if its capacity is not enough, the large valve opens, while the small valve moves inside the large valve and with it along the general tical axis. Further, the liquid through the discharge sleeve enters the receiving tank. As soon as the liquid level in the upper chamber drops, the float lowers and closes the valves (lower position). The valve assembly of the lower chamber is the main drain hole of the liquid, acts as a throttling assembly. Partially, a small valve plays the role of the throttle, to reduce the force required to open the drain, and then a double valve design regulates the fluid flow to maintain the liquid level in the lower chamber, which acts as a water seal.

The drainage device is designed to drain liquids containing finely divided solids up to 5% and to prevent the release of gaseous phases and associated gases into the atmosphere.

The technical result is to increase the safety of drainage by providing the device with a drainage smooth adjustment of the fluid output.

The technical result is achieved due to the design of the drainage device, comprising a housing, a float, bushings, a rod, valves, characterized in that the housing includes an upper and lower chamber having a detachable connection, the tap hole in the end of the lid of the upper chamber from the inside is closed by a divider on the supports; below the divider in the wall of the upper chamber there is a side outlet hole, the float in the cavity of the upper chamber is connected by a rod through the throttle baffle to the valve assembly located in the lower chamber, the lower stem tip is equipped with a double valve, the small one is inside the large one, while the small valve is made in the form a hollow cylinder with through holes in the walls with the ability to move along the walls of a large valve with one degree of freedom along a common vertical axis; in the lower end cover fixed by the fastening element, a reset sleeve is installed, in the central hole of which a saddle is rigidly permanently installed; a sleeve with holes in a cylindrical wall is installed on the end surface of the discharge sleeve along the outer diameter, the upper end edge of which is connected to the throttle baffle. The upper chamber body is horizontally divided into two parts having a detachable flange connection. The housing of the upper and lower chambers is made in the form of a hollow cylinder. The small valve is made in the form of a hollow cylinder with through holes in the walls in the form of longitudinal grooves and a thickening of the cylinder wall at the end.

The technical solution is illustrated by the images in FIG. 1-12.

FIG. 1. Complete drainage device, general view.

FIG. 2. The drainage device in the context of AA.

FIG. 3. The lower section of the drainage device.

FIG. 4. The lower chamber in section.

FIG. 5. The drainage device in the context, the movement pattern of fluid flows when using the device.

FIG. 6. Valve layout during operation: lower position.

FIG. 7. The layout of the valves during operation: middle position.

FIG. 8. Valve layout during operation: upper position.

FIG. 9. The valve assembly in isometry (3D) in the context.

FIG. 10. Small valve in isometry (3D).

Where 1 is the upper chamber body;

2 - case of the lower chamber;

3 - upper tap;

4 - flange;

5 - lateral branch;

6 - a float;

7 - divider;

8 - support divider;

9 - top cover;

10 - fastener (bolt);

11 - a fixing element (nut);

12 - throttle baffle;

13 - nut of the bottom cover;

14 - dumping sleeve (drainage);

15 - stock;

16 - the valve is large;

17 - the valve is small;

18 - bottom cover;

19 - holes in the throttle baffle;

20 - a sealing ring;

21 - the housing of the guide sleeve;

22 - guide bush;

23 - tip;

24 - nut of the guide sleeve;

25 - sleeve (sleeve with holes);

26 - holes in the walls of the liner;

27 - valve seat;

28 - a sealing ring.

FIG. 11. The known valve drainage float with a vertical float, where:

29 - gum seal piston;

30 - a piston;

31 - sleeve lateral tap;

32 - guides;

33 - a float;

34 - case;

35 - valve;

36 - stock;

37 - sleeve of the upper tap.

FIG. 12. The known valve drainage float with a horizontal float, where:

38 - a float;

39 - backstage;

40 - valve;

41 - valve;

42 - stock;

43 - stock;

44 - support;

45 - connecting flange;

46 - case.

An example implementation.

The device consists of two cylindrical chambers with different diameters, separated by a throttle baffle 12 with several holes 19. The working chambers are mounted to each other using a flange connection 4. The camera 1 is horizontally divided into two parts having a detachable flange connection 4. In the upper part of the chamber 1 hermetically, for example by welding, the upper cover 9 is installed in the form of a plate of a sheet of metal, in which the upper branch 3 is located, equipped with a sleeve with a threaded connection. From the inside of the chamber opposite the opening of the outlet 3, a divider 7 is welded on four supports 8. In the wall of the upper part of the chamber 1 below the level of the divider 7, a small-diameter pipe with a thread is welded to the side outlet 5. In the process of application, a valve (ball valve) is subsequently installed on it. Also in the upper chamber 1 is installed a self-regulating control element (float) 6, connected by a rod 15 through the throttle baffle 12 through a sleeve with a valve assembly.

The working areas of the upper 1 and lower 2 chambers are separated by a throttle baffle 12, made in the form of a washer with several through holes 19. The rod 15 through the sleeve with a seal in the throttle baffle 12 connects the float 6 to the valve assembly of the lower chamber 2. The lower chamber contains 2 housing and valve a node located inside the sleeve 25, made in the form of a hollow cylinder with through holes in the walls. The valve assembly consists of small 17 and large 16 valves. The small valve 17 is made in the form of a hollow cylinder with longitudinal through holes in the walls, is rigidly connected to the rod of the float by one end hole and has a thickening of the wall at the other end. The through holes in the walls of the small valve 17 are oriented along the vertical axis. The small valve 17 is located inside the large 16 with one degree of freedom and during operation moves along a common vertical axis. The seat of the valve (valve assembly) 27 is located in the lower cover 18 of the lower chamber 2, which is a plug in the form of a plate welded along the perimeter of the end face to the housing of the lower chamber 2. The seat of the valve assembly 27 is rigidly fixed, for example, pressed into the lower cover 18.

The device operates as follows. Through the upper outlet 3, the liquid enters the divider 7, then, passing through the upper chamber 1, where the float 6 is located, it flows through the throttle baffle 12 and enters the lower chamber 2, where, with a high level of liquid in the chamber 1, the float 6 rises (the upper the position of Fig. 8) and with the help of the rod 15, the small valve 17 is first opened, and if its capacity is not enough, the large valve 16 opens, then the liquid is drained into the receiving containers. When lowering the level in the upper chamber 1, the float 6 lowers and closes the valves 16, 17 (lower position of Fig. 6). The valve assembly of the lower chamber 2 is the main drain hole of the liquid, i.e. acts as a throttling unit. Partially the role of the throttle is played by the small valve 17, to reduce the force required to open the drain, and then the double design of the valves regulates the fluid flow to maintain the liquid level in the lower chamber 2, which plays the role of a water seal.

The drainage device is designed to drain liquids containing finely divided solids up to 5% and to prevent the release of gaseous phases and associated gases into the atmosphere.

Claims (4)

1. The drainage device, comprising a housing, a float, bushings, stem, valves, characterized in that the housing comprises an upper and lower chambers having a detachable connection; the outlet hole in the end of the lid of the upper chamber is closed by a divider on the supports; below the level of the divider in the wall of the upper chamber there is an opening of the side outlet; the float in the cavity of the upper chamber is connected by a rod through the throttle baffle to a valve assembly located in the lower chamber, the lower tip of the stem is equipped with a double valve, the small valve is located inside the large one, and the small valve is made in the form of a hollow cylinder with through holes in the walls with the possibility of movement along walls inside a large valve with one degree of freedom along a common vertical axis; in the lower end cover fixed by the fastening element, a reset sleeve is installed, in the central hole of which a saddle is rigidly permanently installed; a sleeve with holes in a cylindrical wall is installed on the end surface of the discharge sleeve along the outer diameter, the upper end edge of which is connected to the throttle baffle. 2. The drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper chamber body is horizontally divided into two parts having a detachable flange connection. 3. The drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing of the upper and lower chambers is made in the form of a hollow cylinder. 4. The drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that the small valve is made with through holes in the walls in the form of longitudinal grooves and a thickening of the cylinder wall at the end.

Images