RU2630773C1 - Device for hydraulic processing of hydrocarbon raw material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in the oil processing industry. The device includes an inlet separator with a hydrogen outlet line, at least one reactor with phase interface with at least one layer of catalyst each and a unit of hydrogenation circulation. The device includes reactors with radial supply of homogeneous raw mixture through catalyst layer, at least one heat-exchange unit is arranged in each catalyst layer and equipped with coolant inlet/outlet lines, the unit of hydrogenation circulation is made in the form of ejector with a raw mixture as a working medium, in the axial region of the reactor central header there is a packed contact device, equipped with axial pipeline of hydrogen supply from inlet separator below packing and distributing device of the hydrogenator which is located at the level of the interface of the phases and above the nozzle connected to the ejector by the supply line of the circulating hydrogenate saturated with hydrogen.

EFFECT: increase of device reliability, elimination of reactor temperature rise and reduction of hydrogen losses.

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Description

The invention relates to a device for the hydro-processing of hydrocarbons in the presence of a fixed catalyst bed and may find application in the oil refining industry.

In hydroprocessing processes, the chemical transformations of the components of the feedstock are accompanied by heat generation, which demands hydroprocessing devices to provide heat removal from the catalyst bed to carry out the process under optimal conditions.

Hydrotreating units for middle distillates are known and widely used [N.L. Solodova, N.A. Terentyev. Hydrotreating fuels. Kazan: Kazan Publishing House. Gos. technol. University, 2008, with. 33], including devices for mixing raw materials with fresh and circulating hydrogen-containing gas (hydrogen), a recovery heat exchanger, a furnace, a reactor with an axial feed of raw materials into the catalyst bed, a hydrogen purification and circulation system, a system for separating a commercial product from hydrogenate.

The disadvantages of the known plants are the high energy consumption for hydrogen circulation, as well as increased gas and coke formation due to a rise in temperature in the reactor due to the heat of the hydroprocessing process.

Closest to the claimed invention, the control system, method and device for continuous liquid-phase hydroprocessing [RU 2411285, publ. 02/10/2011, IPC C10G 47/00, C10G 45/02], which consists of a raw material mixture preparation system, a device for hydroprocessing a heated raw material mixture as part of an inlet separator with exhaust gas (insoluble hydrogen) discharge lines and a homogeneous raw material mixture supply in at least one reactor with an axial feed of the feed mixture into at least one catalyst bed, with a phase interface separating the gas space and the spaces with the hydrogenate and the catalyst, and the hydrogenation unit circulation circuit with the circulation pump catfish, as well as systems for the allocation of a commercial product.

The disadvantages of this device for hydroprocessing are: low reliability due to the presence of a pump, temperature rise in the reactor due to the lack of a heat removal system from the reactor, high energy consumption due to the high hydraulic resistance of the catalyst layer during axial feed of the feed mixture, loss of hydrogen from the inlet separator .

The objective of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device, the exclusion of temperature rise in the reactor, reducing energy consumption and hydrogen loss.

The technical result is to increase the reliability of the device due to the exclusion of dynamic equipment, reduce energy consumption due to the use of a reactor with a radial feed of a homogeneous feed mixture through the catalyst bed, and also reduce hydrogen losses by connecting the input separator to the reactor with a hydrogen supply line.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known device comprising an inlet separator with a hydrogen withdrawal line, at least one reactor with a phase interface with at least one catalyst layer each and a hydrogenation unit circulation unit, a feature is that the device includes reactors with radial supply of a homogeneous feed mixture through the catalyst bed, at least one heat exchange unit equipped with refrigerant input / output lines, a circulation unit is placed in each catalyst layer the idrogenate is made in the form of an ejector with a raw mixture as a working fluid, and in the axial region of the central collector of the reactor there is a nozzle contact device equipped with an axial hydrogen supply pipe from the inlet separator below the nozzle and a hydrogenation distributor located at the level of the interface and above the nozzle, connected to the ejector by a supply line of circulating hydrogenated hydrogenated hydrogenate.

Radial feed reactors through a catalyst bed, packed contact devices, a separator, and ejectors are known in the art.

The use of reactors with a radial feed of the feed mixture through the catalyst bed allows to reduce the hydraulic resistance of the reactor and to reduce the energy consumption for the circulation of the hydrogenate. The placement of the heat exchange units in the catalyst bed eliminates the temperature rise in the reactor by removing the heat of reaction. The equipment of the reactor with a packed contact device makes it possible to saturate the circulating hydrogenate with hydrogen, which ensures the effective operation of the ejector due to the large gas factor of the feed mixture both at the inlet and at the outlet of the ejector.

The device includes an ejector 1, an inlet separator 2, a reactor 3 with a radial feed mixture (conventionally shown is one reactor with one catalyst layer 4, in which one heat transfer unit 5 is placed) with a phase separation surface 6, a nozzle contact device 7 with a nozzle 8 and a pipeline hydrogen supply 9.

When the device is operating, the hydrogen-containing raw material mixture is fed through line 10 as a working fluid to an ejector 1, into which circulating hydrogenated hydrogenated hydrogen is fed via line 11, the resulting mixture in separator 2 is separated into hydrogen supplied via line 12 to pipeline 9, and a homogeneous raw material mixture directed along line 13 to reactor 3, where it is in contact with the catalyst, moving through its layer to the central manifold 14 and then to the liquid layer 15. The balance part of the hydrogenate is removed for separation along line 16, and the circulating hydro the genizate through the distribution device 17 is fed to the nozzle 8, flowing down through which it is saturated with hydrogen supplied by the countercurrent through the pipe 9, and removed from the bottom of the device 7 along line 11. The catalyst layer 4 is cooled by the refrigerant supplied to the block of heat exchange elements 5 along lines 18. line 19 exhaust gases.

Thus, the proposed device reliably eliminates the temperature rise in the reactor and the loss of hydrogen, reduces energy consumption and can be used in industry.

Claims (1)

A device for the hydroprocessing of hydrocarbons, comprising an inlet separator with a hydrogen withdrawal line, at least one reactor with a phase interface with at least one catalyst layer each and a hydrogenation unit circulation unit, characterized in that the device includes reactors with a radial feed of a homogeneous feed mixture through catalyst layer, in each catalyst layer at least one heat exchange unit is placed, equipped with refrigerant input / output lines, the hydrogenate circulation unit is made in the form an ejector with a raw material mixture as a working fluid, and in the axial region of the central collector of the reactor there is a nozzle contact device equipped with an axial hydrogen supply pipe from the inlet separator below the nozzle and a hydrogenation distributor located at the interface level and above the nozzle, connected to the ejector by a line feeding circulating hydrogenated hydrogenated.

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